Introduction:

Caraway (Carum carvi) is also known as Meridian fennel or Persian cumin. It is a spice and a well-known ingredient in many herbal medicines for digestive support. Caraway seeds are small, hard, brown and curved. The plant grows in warm, sunny locations, it requires well-drained soil rich in organic matter. It is a widely cultivated plant in the Netherlands, Poland and Germany. Caraway is full of antioxidants and phenolic compounds, it contains low levels of fat and is beneficial for various ailments. Caraway seeds may have anti-inflammatory properties, may help lose weight and regulate blood sugar levels. In this article, the health benefits of caraway, its nutritional profile, uses and potential side effects are discussed in detail.

Nutritional Value of Caraway Seeds:

Listed below is the nutritional value of 100 gms of Caraway Seeds: 

Some studies show that caraway seeds might have anti-inflammatory properties. Because of these properties, it might be beneficial for those struggling with inflammatory diseases like arthritis and inflammatory bowel syndrome.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta, MD

Properties of Caraway Seeds:

Caraway Seeds are aromatic, taste similar to anise and are widely consumed for their health benefits, as mentioned below- 

• It may improve your digestion and relieve IBS symptoms
• It may also promote better sleep
• It may act as a pain-relieving tonic for menstrual cramps
• It may aid in boosting the production of a mother’s milk
• It may help you achieve weight loss goals
• It may support heart health due to antioxidant content
• It may lower blood pressure
• It may improve bone health and bone density
• It may enhance skin elasticity and is good for overall skin health
• It may have antibacterial potential
• It may boost your immunity
• It may help manage the risk of cancer
• It may regulate blood glucose levels
• It may improve cognitive functioning
• It may also improve intestinal health

Potential uses of Caraway Seeds:

Caraway Seeds have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, it is believed to be a superfood for your health and offers numerous health benefits when consumed responsibly.

Potential use of Caraway Seeds as an antioxidant:

Caraway seeds contain powerful antioxidants and have a high potassium content which is good for heart health and may lower blood pressure. Antioxidants are compounds that help fight off free radicals and stop cell damage in the body. It also eliminates oxidative stress and may be helpful for managing chronic conditions like diabetes and heart disease. Flavonoid antioxidants are present in abundance in caraway, they may protect you from many infections, ageing and degenerative neurological diseases. Although further research is necessary to understand its full potential, note that heart or other health conditions which are serious require timely treatment and without any delay, you must consult a qualified doctor.

Potential use of Caraway Seeds for digestive health:

Caraway seeds are used to improve digestion and they may help in tackling issues such as gas, heartburn, bloating and constipation. One tablespoon of caraway seeds has 2.5 grams of fibre. Fibres are responsible for the production of gastric juices, which improves the digestion of food while nutrients are efficiently absorbed. Fibre helps add bulk to the stool to relieve constipation and supports proper bowel movement. It may also aid in managing haemorrhoids, diverticulitis and intestinal ulcers. Caraway seed oil may provide effective relief for patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Dietary fibre not only eliminates toxins in the food but may also help in reducing serum LDL-cholesterol levels.

Potential use of Caraway Seeds in diabetes management:

Caraway may lower the blood glucose level, research suggests that with regular intake of caraway seeds, you may be protected against diabetes symptoms, like fatigue and sudden weight changes. Caraway seeds are also a rich source of fibre which effectively helps manage blood sugar and may help slow down the absorption of sugar in the bloodstream. However, more studies are required and people suffering from diabetes need medical guidance.

Potential use of Caraway Seeds for brain health:

Iron is a mineral found in caraway seeds, useful for the production of haemoglobin. This helps increase oxygen flow to your brain. It supports your nervous system and enhances cognitive ability. It may also improve your sleep pattern, as caraway seeds have magnesium, they may also help in the production of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter used for better sleep. 

How to Use Caraway Seeds?

Caraway seeds and the leaves of caraway are used as/in: 

• Raw
• Dried
• Bread
• Cakes
• Curries
• Soups
• Stews
• Desserts
• Salads
• Cheese
• Liqueurs
• Caraway essential oil
• Medicinal products

Caraway seeds are eaten in various forms, they are available throughout the year and you can easily buy them from local stores as whole caraway seeds or powder. You can have caraway seeds in the morning, but always be mindful of the quantity. 

Caraway seed oil has medicinal properties, it may be used by people suffering from coughs, to clear phlegm and it may also improve control of urination, kill bacteria in the body and help with constipation. The oil has several skin benefits, it may be used on red and irritated skin. It is also used to prepare steam facials, it may decrease wrinkles and make your skin look younger. Caraway oil is also a very good disinfectant.

It is necessary to speak with a certified doctor before taking any herbal supplements. You must never discontinue or replace any ongoing medicine with an ayurvedic/herbal supplement without consulting a certified doctor. 

Along with anti-inflammatory properties, caraway seeds might be useful in reducing respiratory diseases like cough because of the demulcent effect they have.

Dr. Rajeev Singh, BAMS

Side Effects of Caraway seeds:

Caraway seeds are beneficial for your health and are considered safe when consumed in moderate quantities. Excessive consumption of caraway seeds can be harmful and cause adverse effects. Caraway should be used in small amounts and too much of it in the food can result in gastrointestinal disorders and stomach ulcers. Kidney stones are another common side-effect of the overconsumption of caraway seeds. You may also gain weight due to overconsumption of caraway seeds as it has high fibre content. It will take a long time to get digested and excess caraway seeds may also dehydrate your cells. 

Caraway seed oil is not recommended for those under 18 years and diabetic patients must be cautious while consuming caraway as it may drop their blood sugar levels too low. You must inform the doctor about any specific health problem before consuming Caraway.

Also Read: Constipation in Kids: A Research-Based Guide for Parents

Precautions to Take With Caraway Seeds:

Caraway seed oil should be diluted for safe use, it should not be used with peppermint oil as it may cause side effects like heartburn and nausea. Always perform a quick patch test before using the oil and never apply it on broken skin. It is advised not to use caraway oil during pregnancy and breastfeeding. 

The presence of excess iron in the body can cause health problems, caraway extract might increase the absorption of iron, which is why you must be careful not to use it along with iron supplements or if your diet is iron-rich. It is advised to avoid having caraway during and after surgery as it may significantly lower blood sugar levels. Always consult the doctor to know more about the benefits and risks of having caraway seeds. 

Frequently Asked Questions:

Q1. How much caraway seeds should be consumed daily?

The ideal recommended dosage of caraway seeds is not clearly established. It largely depends on your health, the medications you take, etc. However, half to one tablespoon of caraway divided into three doses throughout the day may be effective. A doctor will be able to best suggest the ideal dosage for you.

Q2. Which is the best way to store caraway seeds?

You must keep caraway seeds in an airtight container and store them in a cool, dry place. It can last for up to 3-4 years if stored properly. You may also store them in the refrigerator to maximise their shelf life.

Q3. Can I eat caraway seeds for weight loss?

Caraway extract may have weight-lowering effects, as found in several studies. The aqueous extract of these seeds may have appetite-suppressing properties and help manage body weight. It is best to consult the doctor before you start having caraway seeds for weight loss.

Q4. Are cumin seeds and caraway seeds the same?

No, caraway seeds are darker in colour than cumin seeds. Caraway seeds are also slightly curved, darker in colour and have a strong, pungent flavour, unlike cumin, which is also larger in size.

Q5. What are the common medicinal uses of caraway?

Caraway water is used as a traditional medicine for flatulence and indigestion. You may also find it in mouthwash and gargle solutions, the seed extract helps soothe muscle sores and it may be used as a medicine for colds, bronchitis and IBS.