Balanophoraceae
Thonningia

Thonningia sanguinea Vahl

First published in Skr. Naturhist.-Selsk. 6: 125 (1810)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Tropical Africa. It is a holoparasite and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Angola, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zaïre

Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Berhaut, J. (1974). Flore illustrée du Sénégal 2: 1-695. Gouvernement du Sénégal, Ministère du développement rural direction des eaux et forêta, Dakar.
  • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 1: 1-114. ORSTROM, Bangui.
  • Catarino, L., Martins, E.S., Diniz, M.A. & Pinto-Basto, M.F. (2006). Check-list da flora vascular do parque natural das Lagos de Cufada (Guiné-Bissau). Garcia de Orta, Série de Botânica 17: 97-141.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Edwards, S., Tadesse, M. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 2(2): 1-456. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Fischer, E., Rembold, K., Althof, A. & Obholzer, J. (2010). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Kakamega forest, Western province, Kenya. Journal of East African Natural History 99: 129-226.
  • Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1989 publ. 1990). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 3: 1-659. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M. & Keay, R.W.J. (1954-1958). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 1-828.
  • Lejoy, J., Ndjele, M.-B. & Geerinck, D. (2010). Catalogue-flore des plantes vasculaires des districts de Kisangani et de la Tshopo (RD Congo). Taxonomania 30: 1-307.
  • Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée. Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
  • Masharabu, T., Bigendako, M.J., Lejoly, J., Nkengurutse, J., Noret, N., Bizuru, E. & Bogaert, J. (2010). Etude analytique de la flore et de la végétation du Parc National de la Ruvubu, Burundi. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 4: 834-856.
  • Pope, G.V., Polhill, R.M. & Martins, E.S. (eds.) (2006). Flora Zambesiaca 9(3): 1-277. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Robyns, W. & al. (eds.) (1948-1963). Flore du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi 1-10.
  • Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
  • Thiombiano, A., Schmidt, M., Dressler, S., Ouédraogo, A., Hahn, K. & Zizka, G. (2012). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso. Boissiera 65: 1-391.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • Bullock in Kew Bull. 1948: 366, q.v. for full references and synonymy
  • F.T.A. 6, 1: 438
  • Staner in Fl. Congo Belge 1: 395.
  • in Skrivt. Nat. Selsk. 6: 125, t. 6 (1810)

Flora Zambesiaca

  • Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 106: 368 (1986)
  • Bull. Misc. Inform., Kew 1948: 366 (1949).
  • Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. III, 1: 263 (1889).
  • Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 16b: 337, fig. 170 (1935).
  • Engler, Pflanzenw. Afrikas [Veg. Erde 9] 3, 1: 111, fig. 73 (1915).
  • F.C.B. 1: 395 (1948).
  • F.T.A. 6, 1: 438 (1911).
  • F.T.E.A., Balanophoraceae: 3, fig. 2 (1993). TAB. 52.
  • F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 1: 667 (1958).
  • Hepper, W. Afr. Herb. Isert Thonning: 29 (1976).
  • Rev. Gén. Bot. 54: 201 (1947) as ‘coccinea’.
  • Robyns, Fl. Sperm. Parc Nat. Alb. 1: 108 (1948).
  • Skr. Naturhist.-Selsk. 6: 125, t. 6 (1810).
  • Trans. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 29, 42, t. 3 (1856).

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Catarino, L., Martins, E.S., Diniz, M.A. & Pinto-Basto, M.F. (2006). Check-list da flora vascular do parque natural das Lagos de Cufada (Guiné-Bissau). Garcia de Orta, Série de Botânica 17: 97-141.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Fischer, E., Rembold, K., Althof, A. & Obholzer, J. (2010). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Kakamega forest, Western province, Kenya. Journal of East African Natural History 99: 129-226.
  • Lejoy, J., Ndjele, M.-B. & Geerinck, D. (2010). Catalogue-flore des plantes vasculaires des districts de Kisangani et de la Tshopo (RD Congo). Taxonomania 30: 1-307.
  • Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée. Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
  • Masharabu, T., Bigendako, M.J., Lejoly, J., Nkengurutse, J., Noret, N., Bizuru, E. & Bogaert, J. (2010). Etude analytique de la flore et de la végétation du Parc National de la Ruvubu, Burundi. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 4: 834-856.
  • Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
  • Thiombiano, A., Schmidt, M., Dressler, S., Ouédraogo, A., Hahn, K. & Zizka, G. (2012). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso. Boissiera 65: 1-391.
  • Troupin, G. (ed.) (1978). Flora du Rwanda 1: 1-413. Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale.

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • A.D.Q. Agnew, Upland Kenya Wild Flowers p. 338 (1974).
  • B. Hansen in A. Engler, Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 106: 368 (1986)
  • B. Hansen in Fl. Ethiopia 3: 384 (1990).
  • Bullock in KB. 3: 366 (1949).
  • Hemsl. in Flora of Tropical Africa 6(1): 438 (1911).
  • Hook.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 22: 29, 42, t. 3 (1856).
  • Keay, Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 667 (1958).
  • Staner in Flore du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi, 1: 395 (1948).
  • Vahl in Skr. Naturhist-Selsk. 6: 125, t. 6 (1810).

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Mar 1, 2006 Onana, J.-M. [2927] Cameroon K000339023 No
Jan 1, 2004 Sidwell, K. [355] Cameroon K000461001 No
Sep 1, 2002 Ryan, P. [381] Cameroon K000008440 No
Sep 1, 2002 Sidwell, K. [401] Cameroon K000008441 No
Jan 1, 1997 Acworth, J.M. [346] Cameroon K000011498 No
Jan 1, 1997 Sunderland, T.C.H. [1468] Cameroon K000011501 No
Jan 1, 1997 Fraser, P. [411] Cameroon K000011499 No
Sep 1, 1996 Cheek, M. [7132] Cameroon K000008439 No
Sep 1, 1996 Sebsebe; Demissew [5040] Cameroon K000008438 No
Jan 1, 1995 Hunt, L., V. [49] Cameroon K000027589 No
Jan 1, 1995 Hurst, J. [28] Cameroon K000011502 No
Jan 1, 1995 Akogo, M. [65] Cameroon K000519000 Yes
Jan 1, 1995 von Rege, I. [4] Cameroon K000011503 No
Jan 1, 1992 Wheatley, J.I. [367] Cameroon K000011500 No
Milne-Redhead, E. [3875] Zambia K:SPC-17565.000 No
Benton, P. [2] Ghana K:SPC-18933.000 No
K:SPC-36622.000 No
Osmaston, H.A. [200] Uganda K:SPC-17011.000 No
Adams Ghana K:SPC-17012.000 No
Cheek; Ndam; Samfon; Mukete; Jaff [3242] Cameroon K001518039 Yes
Onochie, C.F. [35103] Nigeria K:SPC-27791.000 No
Smith, S.F.; Bell, D.A.; Bourobou Bourobou, H.; Mayombo, F.J.; Nzabi, T. [1707] Gabon K001561568 Yes
Milne-Redhead, E. [3745] Zambia K:SPC-17569.000 No
Cable, S.; Hurst, L.; Kennedy; Koopman, S.; Frazer, S.; Mohala, V.; Biese, C.; Hermans, M. [1879] Cameroon K001310783 Yes
Cable, S.; Hurst; Kennedy; Koopman; Frazer; Mohala; Biese; Hermans; Laird; Vogani; Sanele; Euclay; Saleh; Mondli [1947] Cameroon K001310784 Yes
Johnson, W.P. [521] Ghana K:SPC-05186.000 Type No
Migeod, F. [117] Cameroon K000180492 No
Maitland, T.D. [376b] Cameroon K000180493 No
Milne-Redhead, E. [5129] Ghana K:SPC-17009.000 No
Wood, G.H.S. [911] Uganda K:SPC-17010.000 No
Kalbreyer, F. [105] Nigeria K:SPC-17567.000 Type No
Thorold, C.A. [605-1949] Ghana K:SPC-22048.000 No
Eggeling, W.J. [4040] Uganda K:SPC-17013.000 No
Robey, M.E. Sierra Leone K:SPC-35988.000 No
Adams Ghana K:SPC-17568.000 No
Fanshawe, D.B. [2228] Zimbabwe K:SPC-17014.000 No
Monteiro, J.J. Angola Thonningia angolensis K:SPC-29047.271 Type No
Dane, M.T. [16] Uganda Thonningia ugandensis K:SPC-40653.000 Type No

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of West Tropical Africa

    • Flora of West Tropical Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images