HAUSTORIUM

HAUSTORIUM 61 1 

HAUSTORIUM 

Parasitic Plants Newsletter 

ISSN 1944-6969 

Official Organ of the International Parasitic Plant Society 

(http://www.parasiticplants.org/) 

July 2012 Number 61 

CONTENTS 

Page 

Message from the IPPS President (Koichi Yoneyama)…………………………………………….. 2 

Striga gesnerioides and Striga asiatica in Namibia (Erika Maass et al.)…………………………… 2 

Note on the commercial use of Ximenia Americana (Lytton Musselman)………………………… 4 

Meeting report 

The VIth International Weed Science Congress (IWSC), Hangzhou, China, June 17-22, 2012….. 4 

Press releases/reports: 

Global Food Security Center Hires Manager, Receives Grants…………………………………… 7 

Mistletoe was controversial choice for Oklahoma flower……………………………………….... 8 

Global warming to spur invasive Australian ‘sleeper’ weeds……………………………….…….. 8 

Congratulations to: 

Dr Maurizio Vurro……………………………………………………………………………….. 9 

Dr Bikash Ray……………………………………………………………………………………. 9 

Forthcoming meeting 

12 th World Congress on Parasitic Plants (WCPP)………………………………………………… 9 

Thanks to Jim…………….................................................................................................................. 9 

General websites…………………………………………………………………………………….. 9 

Literature…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10 

End Note……………………………………………………………………………………………… 30


MESSAGE FROM THE IPPS PRESIDENT 

Dear IPPS Members, 

First of all, I would like to acknowlege the time and 

great efforts devoted by Jim Westwood during his 

presidency and finally in the election of IPPS executive 

members. I also thank all members who took part in this 

important election process. Now the new IPPS executive 

members are ready to lead the society with continuing 

support from you all. 

The new elected IPPS executive members are now: Julie 

Scholes (Vice President), John Yoder (Secretary) and 

Ahmet Uludag (Member at Large), Philippe Delavault 

(Treasurer), Harro Bouwmeester (Editor), and myself 

President. 

As the first mission of the new IPPS executive members, 

we are pleased to invite you to the 12 th World Congress 

on Parasitic Plants (WCPP), which will be held on 

Monday July 15 to Friday July 19, 2013 in Sheffield, 

UK. The venue will be the Edge Conference facility at 

the University of Sheffield. We are currently planning 

sessions and workshops and any inputs from the IPPS 

members will be highly appreciated. Please contact me 

or Julie by email. Details of venue, program, and 

progress can be followed on a special conference website 

which will be available from the beginning of September 

2012 (to follow shortly). 

During the VI International Weed Science Congress 

(IWSC) held in Hangzhou, China, a session on parasitic 

weeds was held as a joint IPPS symposium with the 

IWSC (see the meeting report below). To my 

knowledge, this was the first international symposium on 

parasitic weeds held in Asia at least in this century. The 

papers presented in the symposium were a good mix of 

basic and applied studies, and I was convinced that 

contributions to IPPS from Asian scientists would 

increase in the near future. This is because the number of 

scientists working on parasitic weeds in Asian countries 

has been gradually increasing probably due to the 

spreading parasitic weed problems. Thus, we should 

raise awareness about parasitic weeds in Southeast and 

East Asian countries where both root and stem parasitic 

weeds are becoming serious problems. 

Finally, I would like to express my sincere appreciation 

to Jim for his hard work on behalf of the society. Under 

his leadership, two IPPS meetings in Kusadasi (Turkey) 

and Martina Franca (Italy) have been held successfully 

and infra structure of IPPS including the constitution and 

election system has been established. Of course I am 

sure that Jim will continue to support and encourage us 

and the society. 

Sincerely, 

Koichi Yoneyama, IPPS President 

yoneyama@cc.utsunomiya-u.ac.jp 

STRIGA GESNERIOIDES AND STRIGA ASIATICA 

IN NAMIBIA 

As part of ongoing research collaboration among the 

University of Namibia, State University of New York- 

Oswego, and Old Dominion University, we surveyed 

Namibia for Striga gesnerioides and S. asiatica. Our 

field work covered 3500 km from the west coast north to 

the border with Angola and through the central part of 

the country. There are six species of the genus in 

Namibia with Striga gesnerioides and S. asiatica the 

most frequent. Striga hermonthica and S. forbesii have 

been collected but at present do not seem to be an 

agricultural problem. The other two, S. elegans and S. 

bilabiatia ssp bilabiata are confined to natural 

grasslands. 

Striga gesnerioides is the most variable of all 

witchweeds in term of morphology and host selection. It 

is a well-known and often serious parasite of cowpea, 

Vigna unguiculata (Fabaceae). Wild hosts that have 

been documented in Namibia include species of 

Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae), Ipomoea, Jaquemontia, and 

Merremia (Convolvulaceae); Indigofera, Alysicarpus 

and other wild legumes (Fabaceae), and Nicotiana 

(Solanaceae). Each of these hosts support populations 

with varying stem color, branching frequency, and 

flower color. Despite reports that such plants lack 

chlorophyll (e.g. Fischer et al., 2011, Willdenowia 41: 

51-56 – see Literature section below) we have always 

found chlorophyll, though it is masked by the 

anthocyanins. 

Here we confirm that a member of Bignoniaceae is host 

to S. gesnerioides. Some herbarium labels in Windhoek 

had suggested Catophractes as a possible host but we 

were able to confirm this now by excavating the parasite 

and tracing it to the root of the shrub. The flower and 

stem color of this variant are quite different from other 

morphotypes. Plants are always a reddish-purple with a 

purple corolla and a large haustorium (2.5 cm across). 

Of the various ‘strains’ of this species that we have 

studied in Africa, the Catophractes parasites most 

closely resemble those parasitizing Euphorbia.


S. asiatica is native in Namibia and occurs scattered in 

acacia bush savannas. It is not clear if this is the source 

of the agronomically important parasites. S. asiatica 

parasitizing grasses has consistently shorter and round 

corolla lobes. We plan further research using molecular 

markers to determine the variability within both species 

of witchweed. 

Striga asiatica on Digitaria in Northern Namibia 

showing the short corolla lobes. 

Striga gesnerioides parasitising Catophractes alexandri, 

Outjo, Namibia. The woolly white leaves of the host are 

obvious. 

The cropping system in the communal farming regions 

of northern Namibia is mixed cropping with millet 

(Pennisetum americanum), known locally as mahango, 

and Zea mays the favoured cereals. Fields also contain 

bambara nuts (Vigna subterranea) and cowpea (Vigna 

unguiculata) and less frequently peanuts (Arachis 

hypogea). We found no S. gesnerioides on cowpea or 

bambara nut though there is one record in the Windhoek 

herbarium of S. gesnerioides on cowpea, which could be 

growing on a different host in a cowpea field. However, 

within these fields this parasite was frequent on 

Alysicarpus vaginalis and Indigofera arenophila. 

The situation with Striga asiatica is much different. At 

a new commercial maize cropping scheme near Rundu 

on the Angolan border, S. asiatica was parasitizing the 

crop. There was a marked increase in infestation since 

the first cropping season in 2011 when only a few Striga 

plants were observed. As a result, we examined about a 

dozen traditional fields that had mixed crops of mahango 

and maize. No witchweed was found on mahango or 

sorghum even when the maize was seriously attacked in 

the same field. Maize, a New World crop, is particularly 

susceptible to witchweed. 

Witchweed parasitizing maize in a mixed 

mahango/maize field, Rundu, Northern Namibia 

Several of the farmers we interviewed were unaware of 

the damage that S. asiatica can do to maize so it is 

important that a program for making them aware of the 

parasite, its potential, and its control be instituted as soon 

as possible. 

Erika Maass, University of Namibia; 

Kamal Mohamed, State University of New York- 

Oswego; 

Lytton Musselman, Old Dominion University.


NOTE ON THE COMMERCIAL USE OF XIMENIA 

AMERICANA 

Known by the unhelpful common name of hogplum, 

Ximenia americana is a thorny, deciduous shrub in the 

family Ximeniaceae (formerly placed in the Olacaceae). 

In colloquial American English, a plant common name 

with ‘hog’ in it usually refers to something of inferior 

value to the original. However, the fruit of hogplum is 

quite tasty - as good as a real plum. It is also known as 

tallow wood. 

Fruits of Ximenia americana Photo Lytton Musselman 

This is perhaps the most widely distributed native 

parasitic plant on the globe. (The most widely distributed 

parasitic weed is Cuscuta campestris, native to the 

United States but spread around the globe.) I have seen 

stands of Ximenia in southern Florida in the United 

States where hogplum is common in dwarf oak sand 

scrub, central Sudan where the green color of the leaves 

stand out in the dry season, New Caledonia where it 

forms thickets near the coast, and many places in 

western and southern Africa. But it is also reported to 

form dense stands in Australia and elsewhere in tropical 

and semi-tropical regions in both the Western and 

Eastern hemispheres. 

I have traced its parasitic attachments to a diversity of 

hosts, it is a generalist in host selection. Germination of 

the large seeds is easy and unique. As the epicotyl 

emerges, the first two formed leaves, cataphylls, bend 

back into the inter-cotyledon space. Early naturalists 

noticed this and suggested that these cataphylls were 

forming parasitic attachments within the seed. Careful 

examination, however, shows that this is not the case, 

there is no connection between the cotyledons and 

cataphylls. 

During a recent visit to Namibia, I was surprised to learn 

of an industry that has arisen around this parasitic shrub. 

X. americana and the more restricted X. afra are quite 

common in the central and northern region of that 

country and the fruits are collected for the oil expressed 

from the seeds. In 2011, 16.5 tons of seeds where 

harvested for a value of approximately US$19,500 

according to Indigenous Natural Products in Namibia 

(INP Market Bulletin. 2011. Ximenia. Indigenous 

Natural Products in Namibia 3: 2.). That does not seem 

like a lot of money but represents a lot of Ximenia 

plants! And for the 300 or so collectors it is a significant 

income. Most of the oil is shipped to France for the 

cosmetics industry. 

Lytton John Musselman, Old Dominion University 

MEETING REPORT 

The VI International Weed Science Congress (IWSC) 

was held from 17 to 22 June 2012, at the New Century 

Grand Hotel Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China. The congress 

attracted 545 weed scientists from 51 countries. During 

this congress, a symposium on the ‘The state of art of 

parasitic plants research in the technological and 

biotechnological era’, organized by the International 

Parasitic Plant Society (IPPS) and the International 

Weed Science Society (IWSS), was held on Tuesday 19 

June, and the oral presentations were grouped into 4 

sessions; ecology and seed-bank, biology, and two 

management sessions. The number of abstracts 

submitted to this symposium was 34 and there were 18 

oral (including 3 invited talks) and 16 poster 

presentations. The final programme and the proceedings 

will soon be available from the IWSC homepage 

(http://www.congress.com.cn/IWSC2012/) 

Oral presentations: 

Ecology and seedbank 

Yongqing Ma (invited talk, China) - The parasitic weeds 

problems in China-past and present situation. 

A historical view of parasitic weed problems in China 

was given. Orobanche, Phelipanche and Cuscuta spp. 

are important weedy parasites in China but most of the 

attention and publications was focused on the herbal and 

medicinal traits of these plants and not on their 

damaging effect as parasitic weeds. In recent years up to 

50% crop loss in sunflower production due to O. cumana 

infection was reported. Severe crop loss due to P. 

aegyptiaca in melon and tomato was also reported. 

Cuscuta was described in an old Chinese book (2200 

years ago) but mainly as a medicinal herb. Since some 

water and methanol extracts of medicinal herbs could 

induce seed germination of Orobanche and Phelipanche 

spp., they could be used as trap crops. 

Marc Cotter (Germany) - Predicting the potential future 

geographic distribution of Striga under climate and 

land use change. 

Using GIS-based modeling complemented by 

greenhouse and field studies, the present geographic 

distribution of Striga species mainly in Sub-Saharan


Africa was defined more precisely and its potential 

future expansion was predicted. Striga was found to 

occur as patches and may spread to areas of similar 

climate conditions like northern Australia in 2020. To 

improve reliability of the prediction, detailed data on 

Striga distribution, local climate factors, management 

practices, soil types, and vegetation need to be included. 

Rosemary I. Ahom (Nigeria) - Severity of Striga 

hermonthica (Del.) Benth.parasitism on small-scale 

maize farms in Benue State, Nigeria. 

Extensive and intensive surveys were conducted on the 

extent of S. hermonthica infestation on maize in lowinput 

farmers in Benue Sate Nigeria. The farmers 

identified Striga properly but 20% of them indicated that 

Striga was a useful medicinal herb. Striga infested both 

local and improved varieties and the more severe 

damage being observed in the former. Although 

intercropping was adopted widely, most of the farmers in 

the Northern zone gave up cropping maize due to the 

Striga problem. Hoe weeding was the only Striga control 

measure in their farms. 

Tuvia Yaacoby (Israel) - Survival of the parasitic weed 

Phelipanche aegyptiaca in compost. 

Since the source of heavy P. aegyptiaca infestations in 

tomato greenhouses was suspected to be parasite seeds 

originating from compost used as fertilizer, the ability of 

P. aegyptiaca seeds to survive the composting procedure 

was investigated. P. aegyptiaca seeds lost germinability 

when they were kept at > 55°C for 4 hours or at 45–50°C 

for 15 hours. Therefore, proper composting procedure 

can prevent spreading of P. aegyptiaca infestation. 

Yaakov Goldwasser (Israel) - Survival of seeds of 

parasitic weeds in cow manure. 

Cattle manure may contain weed seeds and thus has a 

high potential to disseminate them and infest farm fields. 

Seeds of P. aegyptiaca and C. campestris were examined 

for their survival after passing through the cow digestive 

system, in farm liquid slurry in the reception pits in 

cattle sheds and in compost piles. P. aegyptiaca seeds 

could not survive the 3 day passage through the cow 

stomach while up to 36% of Cuscuta seeds could 

survive. Similar trends could be observed in the 

submersion treatment in cattle slurry and in the compost 

pile. The resistance of C. campestris seeds is probably 

due to its hard seed coat. 

Biology 

Linjian Jiang (China) - Interspecies protein trafficking 

endows the parasitic flowering plant dodder (Cuscuta 

spp.) with a host-specific herbicide tolerant 

phenotype. 

It was examined how dodder (C. pentagona = C. 

campestris) interacted with transgenic glufosinate 

tolerant hosts carrying the detoxifying enzyme 

phosphinotricin acetyl transferase (PAT) gene. The 

interspecies trafficking of PAT protein from hosts to the 

parasite was detected by ELISA, but not that of PAT 

mRNA by RT-PCR. This may provide a basis for novel 

approaches to parasitic weed control by preventing 

interspecies trafficking of targeted enzymes. 

Airong Li (China) - Nutrient strategies of root 

hemiparasitic Pedicularis (Orobanchaceae). 

Both of the two sympatric root facultative hemiparasites 

Pedicularis rex and P. tricolor have been shown to have 

wide host ranges but different host preferences. Since 

they form symbiotic relationship with AM fungi, effects 

of host plants and AM fungi on growth of these 

hemiparasites and on phosphorus (P) acquisition were 

examined. Contribution of AM pathway in P acquisition 

was negligible in the absence of hosts but AM 

colonization affects host-derived P acquisition. In 

addition, AM colonization significantly reduced the 

number of haustoria (Li et al., 2012. Ann. Bot. 109: 

1075-1080 – see Literature below). Inhibition of 

haustorium induction would be a promising target for 

both facultative root hemiparasites as well as obligate 

root parasites. 

Kaori Yoneyama (Japan) - Seed germination stimulants 

for Phelipanche ramosa produced by oilseed rape. 

2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate (ITC) was found to be a 

major germination stimulant for P. ramosa produced 

by oilseed rape (Brassica napus). This non-mycotrophic 

plant also produced orobanchyl acetate and novel 

strigolactones but the amounts exuded were quite low as 

compared with mycotrophic plants. Then, 21 ITCs were 

examined for their germination stimulation activities on 

P. ramosa and O. minor. Among them, C 4 - 12 alkyl-ITCs, 

and benzyl- and 2-phenylethyl-ITC but not phenyl-ITC 

were active P. ramosa germination stimulants. By 

contrast, these ITCs were totally inactive on O. minor 

seeds. ITCs are important germination stimulants for P. 

ramosa, and P. ramosa has developed a special seed 

germination strategy to parasitize oilseed rape. 

Tal Shilo (Israel) - Glyphosate inhibits the translocation 

of macromolecules in the parasitic association 

between Egyptian broomrape (Phelipanche 

aegyptiaca) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). 

To examine a hypothesis that glyphosate restricts the 

translocation of phloem solutes from tomato (host) to P. 

aegyptiaca, a cross-bred transgenic tomato line 

expressing resistance to glyphosate and green 

fluorescent protein (GFP) was used. In the control 

(without glyphosate) treatment, a gradual increase in 

tubercle fluorescence was observed, indicating 

accumulation of GFP. By contrast, GFP accumulation in 

P. aegyptiaca tubercles was inhibited following 

glyphosate application. These results supported the 

hypothesis.


Zhi Wei Fan (China) - Induced host resistance as a 

control method for parasitic weeds. 

The efficacy of acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM, BTH) an 

inducer of systemic acquired resistance (SAR), in 

soybean dodder (Cuscuta australis) control was 

examined. ASM at 100–200 mg/L significantly reduced 

dodder biomass without affecting growth of soybean. 

Accordingly induction of SAR by ASM when combined 

with other control methods would provide effective 

control strategy for soybean dodder. 

Management 

Murizio Vurro (invited talk, Italy) - Renewing the 

interest in biological control of parasitic weeds: use 

of strigolactone-degrading microbes. 

Extensive studies on microoroganism-derived 

compounds which inhibit or stimulate germination of 

broomrape seeds, and thus could be used as biological 

agents for managing broomrapes, were summarized. A 

novel approach to biological control of root parasitic 

weeds has been proposed – using microorganisms which 

grow along the root system of the host plant, degrade 

strigolactones (SLs) rapidly, and thus prevent 

germination of parasite seeds. Distinct differences were 

observed among microorganisms, treatments and SLs 

used. 

George D. Odhiambo (Kenya) – Interaction between 

phosphorus and desmodium on Striga hermonthica 

(Del.) Benth. incidence and maize yield in western 

Kenya. 

The influence of phosphorus (P) on effectiveness of two 

desmodium species (D. uncinatum and D. intorum) on S. 

hermonthica infestation and maize grain yield was 

investigated in western Kenya where the soil was P 

deficient. Application of P at 46 and 69 kg P 2 O 5 ha –1 

significantly reduced Striga seedbank after three 

continuous cropping seasons. P fertilization of 

desmodium induced early emergence of Striga but later, 

as desmodium became matured, effectively suppressed 

Striga emergence. Farmers in P deficient areas are 

advised to fertilize their field with P to achieve optimum 

results. 

Chinnusamy Chinnagounder (India) - Integrated 

management of witchweed (Striga asiatica L.) in 

early planted sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) 

under red sandy loam soils of Tamil Nadu. 

Field experiments were carried out to evaluate herbicidal 

management techniques for controlling S. asiatica in 

sugarcane. An integrated management system including 

pre-emergence application of atrazine (1.0 kg ha –1 ), 

subsequent hand-weeding of emerged Striga shoots, and 

post-emergence application of 2,4-D sodium salt (5g L –1 ) 

+ urea (20 g L –1 ) was proven to be effective in reducing 

S. asiatica infection in sugarcane under red sandy loam 

soils. 

Hanan Eizenberg (invited talk, Israel) - The contribution 

of advanced technologies for broomrape (Orobanche 

and Phelipanche spp.) management. 

As broomrapes are highly sensitive to herbicides in the 

underground stages, information for their spatial 

distribution and quantification of their developmental 

stages should contribute to management success. The 

temporal variation was quantified and broomrape 

parasitism was predicted by a thermal time model. 

Spatial variation of broomrape infestation within a field 

and between fields was estimated by the use of 

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and other 

advanced technologies including in-situ observation 

using a minirhyzotron for parasitic weed mapping, and 

field history data storage. This allows accurate mapping 

of the spatial distribution of broomrape in the field and 

use of these data for Site Specific Weed Management 

(SSWM). An example of a decision support system for 

rational management of Egyptian broomrape (P. 

aegyptiaca) was presented. 

Amnon Cochavi (Israel) - A thermal-time model for 

predicting the parasitism of Phelipanche aegyptiaca 

in carrot (Daucus carota). 

A thermal-time model for predicting the initial 

parasitism of P. aegyptiaca in carrot was studied. 

Although the initial parasitism of P. aegyptiaca in 

tomato, O. minor in red clover and O. cumana in 

sunflower could be predicted by using a linear equation, 

this was not applicable to P. aegyptiaca in carrot. 

Instead, a beta function equation could robustly predict 

the tubercle growth stage (1-2 mm) which is highly 

sensitive to the herbicide glyphosate. 

Evgenia Dor (Israel) - The resistance mechanism to 

imidazolinones herbicides of a novel tomato mutant 

HRT1 for broomrape management. 

A tomato mutant HRT1 resistant to imidazolinone 

herbicides was screened from an EMS treated tomato 

line M82. Acetolactate synthase (ALS) of HRT1 was 

less sensitive to the imidazolinone herbicides imazamox, 

imazapic and imazapyr, but equally sensitive to 

sulfonylurea and pyrimidinylthiobenzoate herbicides as 

compared to ALS from M82. HRT1 ALS genes revealed 

four mutations and one of them resulted in the 

replacement of Ala194 to Val corresponding to Ala205 

in the conserved region of Arabidopsis ALS. This 

mutation appeared to confer resistance to imidazolinone 

herbicides. 

Satbir Punia (India) - Management of Phelipanche 

aegyptiaca in mustard and tomato in North-West 

India. 

Extensive field trials to establish feasible management of 

P. aegyptiaca in mustard and tomato in North-West 

India were conducted. Application of different kinds 

of organic and inorganic fertilizers and foliar


treatment with crop oils were not effective. Seed 

coating with residual herbicides delayed the 

emergence of P. aegyptiaca. Post-emergence 

application of glyphosate provided promising results. 

Addition of 1% (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 to glyphosate spray 

enhanced its efficacy. Nitrogen fertilization (40 kg 

ha –1 , 3 times) could alleviate crop loss caused by the 

parasite. 

Poster presentations: 

Ecology and seedbank 

Wentao Yu (China) - Expressed sequence tag (EST) - 

intron length polymorphism (ILPs) as a molecular 

tool for the identification of Cuscuta species. 

Biology 

Yongqing Ma (China) - Induction of sunflower 

broomrape (Orobanche cumana) seed germination by 

some hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) varieties and their 

parents. 

Wei Zhang (China) - Induction of sunflower broomrape 

(Orobanche cumana) seeds germination by different 

soybean (Glycine max) varieties. 

Ana A. Stepowska (Poland) - Light and scanning 

electron microscopy studies on the Phelipanche 

ramosa L. Pomel development parasitizing tomato 

plants. 

Dragana M. Bozic (Serbia) - Effect of salinity on seed 

germination of Cuscuta campestris Yunck. 

Zhaohu Li (China) - Programmed cell death facilitates 

the dispersion of dodder. 

Management 

Gui-Lin Chen (China) - The resistance of different 

sunflowers to Orobanche Cumana Wallr. in seedling 

stage. 

Hanan Eizenberg (Israel) - A multidisciplinary integrated 

approach for alleviating broomrape damage in Israeli 

agriculture - an emergency national project, 2010- 

2013. 

Murali Arthanari Palanisamy (India) - Integrated 

Cuscuta management in legume fodder lucerne 

Medicago sativa) and leafy vegetable (Amaranthus 

viridis). 

Goran Malidza Serbia) - Broomrape (Orobanche 

cumana) control in tribenuron-tolerant sunflower. 

Hanan Eizenberg (Israel) - Modelling approach for the 

prediction of parasitism dynamics in the root 

holoparasite broomrapes (Orobanche and 

Phelipanche spp.). 

Germination stimulants 

Hyun-il Kim (Korea, Japan) - Germination stimulating 

activity of strigolactone mixtures. 

Takaya Kisugi (Japan) - Germination stimulants for root 

parasitic weeds produced by faba bean. 

Takahito Nomura (Japan) - Analysis of endogenous 

strigolactones using plant cell cultures. 

Xiaonan Xie (Japan) - Characterization of strigolactones 

produced by tobacco plant. 

Pichit Khetkam (Thailand, Japan) - Strigolactones in 

root exudates from rice plants. 

Koichi Yoneyama and Yaakov Goldwasser 

PRESS RELEASES 

Global Food Security Center Hires Manager, 

Receives Grants (abridged) 

The recently created Center for Global Food Security at 

Purdue University has hired a managing director and 

received grants totalling $10 million for work to improve 

crops in Africa and train the next generation of global 

food security experts. 

Gary Burniske, who had been director of Mercy Corps 

operations in Bogotá, Colombia, since 2006, will run 

daily operations of the center at Discovery Park, a 

complex of organizations leading large-scale 

collaborative research on campus engaging faculty, 

students and industry in state, national and global 

partnerships and entrepreneurial education. Burniske's 

appointment comes at a time when the center, 

established in 2011, will begin work on two major 

projects that have received significant funding and align 

with two of the center's core mission areas - research and 

education: 

A four-year, multidisciplinary research and development 

program on the control of the parasitic Striga weed, 

which infests sorghum and other crops in Africa, 

damaging or destroying them. The center received a $5 

million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 

to further research and establish programs for a 

sustainable Striga control and institutional development 

effort in the African nations of Tanzania and Ethiopia. 

The Striga research will build on the work of Gebisa 

Ejeta, the center's director and Distinguished Professor 

of Agronomy who received the World Food Prize in 

2009 for developing sorghum varieties resistant to 

drought and Striga in his native Africa, where sorghum 

is a major crop. The new effort will focus on furthering 

knowledge of biological interactions between Striga and 

sorghum through research in chemistry, molecular 

genetics and crop improvement. 

‘In the previous research, we focused on controlling 

Striga through manipulation of resistance genes in the 

host plant,’ Ejeta said. ‘Now we will expand the research 

to explore the role of virulence genes in the pathogen to


avoid catastrophic breakdown of resistance.’ Shorterterm 

solutions will involve establishing sustainable 

Striga control programs by adapting previously piloted 

Striga management technologies to the variety of 

environments and livelihoods of small-scale farmers in 

highly infested regions of Ethiopia and Tanzania. 

Ejeta will direct the project, which will include Tesfaye 

Mengiste, a Purdue professor of botany and plant 

pathology, and Harro Bouwmeester, who heads the 

Laboratory of Plant Physiology at Wageningen 

University in the Netherlands. They will collaborate with 

the agriculture ministries in Ethiopia and Tanzania. 

Purdue University, 

20 Feb 2012. 

Mistletoe was controversial choice for Oklahoma 

flower 

For 114 years, Oklahoma’s state flower was the 

mistletoe. But it was always a controversial choice. In 

February 1893, while the 2nd Territorial Legislature met 

in Guthrie, Rep. John A. Wimberly introduced the bill to 

designate mistletoe as the official floral emblem. The 

Women’s Congress of the Columbian World Exposition 

held in Chicago in 1893 had proposed that the states 

should consider selecting floral emblems to represent 

their state at the exposition. While Oklahoma was not a 

state, the Oklahoma Pavilion at the exposition, also 

known as the Chicago World’s Fair, promoted the 

territory to exposition visitors. Wimberly was the 

youngest member of the House of Representatives and it 

was he who, according to The Oklahoman on April 19, 

1925, suggested ‘one of the most interesting traditions.’ 

‘One day the question of the state flower was brought 

up. Everything from daisies to American Beauty roses 

was suggested. A representative from the southern part 

of the Territory wanted forget-me-nots. ‘That’s a good 

name for a state flower, and it’s a pretty flower too,’ he 

said. ‘Mr. Wimberly remembered how hard the previous 

winter had been and that when settlers had died and there 

were no flowers to put on the graves: ‘the only thing in 

the whole country with a bit of color was mistletoe.’ So 

it was adopted as the new territory’s floral emblem. 

‘Years later when Oklahoma became a state, members of 

the constitutional convention carried the old territorial 

flower over into statehood, thus confirming what has 

since become one of Oklahoma’s oldest traditions.’ 

Every few years after it seemed someone would propose 

a change, it would be discussed and mistletoe would 

remain. The sweet pea, yucca and the cowboy rose (not a 

rose but a part of the mallow family), were among those 

proposed, but probably the most unusual was the alfalfa 

blossom. 

Before we were even a state, in 1906, William H. 

Murray stated his preference for alfalfa in a letter to the 

editor of The Oklahoman: ‘Who, indeed, would desire to 

adopt for a state flower, a parasite? Let greater 

Oklahoma be known as the ‘Alfalfa State.’ In an 

editorial in The Oklahoman for June 17, 1912, the 

newspaper came out in support of alfalfa as the state 

flower: ‘Now that Oklahoma has become known as the 

marvelous alfalfa state, why not use the alfalfa blossom 

as the state flower?’ ‘The alfalfa blossoms are pretty; 

they enrich the scenery, added to the artistic part, alfalfa, 

is the mortgage lifter of Oklahoma. It is the crop which 

brings riches to the state; it is a crop which means more 

to the future than any other crop.’ ‘Alfalfa blossom — 

the state flower. It should be adopted’ 

The hardy little mistletoe stood firm from 1890 until 

2004 when Gov. Brad Henry signed a bill into law 

making the Oklahoma Rose our official state flower. The 

mistletoe remains the state floral emblem. 

Mary Philips for The Archivist 

June 28, 2012 

Global warming to spur invasive Australian 

‘sleeper’ weeds 

Global warming may shift the range of invasive weeds in 

Australia by hundreds of miles and awaken so-called 

‘sleeper weeds,’ according to scientists with the 

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research 

Organization (CSIRO). Plant experts warned at the end 

of March warned that resource managers need to be 

prepared for big changes in the coming decades. 

Invasive weeds already cost Australia more than $4 

billion (Australian) per year either in control of lost 

production, and, like elsewhere, displace native habitat 

and species. 

At a recent conference in Perth, CSIRO scientist Dr. 

John Scott, said, those cost estimates are only based on 

the damage caused by weeds known to be active in 

Australia. ‘Out there, throughout the nation, are many 

weed species lying low but with the potential to take off 

and add to the economic and social burden of weed 

control,’ Dr Scott said. ‘One critical unknown is what 

these lurking weeds will do under climate change. Will 

their distributions change? Will they spread north or 

south, east or west, and will these movements change 

them into full-blown pest species?’ 

A recent CSIRO report for the Australian Government’s 

Land and Water Australia looked at what effects climate 

changes anticipated for 2030 and 2070 might have on the 

distribution of 41 weeds that pose a threat to agriculture 

(‘sleeper’ species) and the natural environment (‘alert’


species). ‘We found that climate change will cause most 

of these weeds to shift south, with wet tropical species 

making the greatest move – over 1,000 kilometers,’ Scott 

said. ‘The regions most at threat from alert and sleeper 

weeds, both under the current climate and under climate 

change, are south east Australia, followed by the south 

west.’ 

Karroo thorn (Acacia karroo), rosewood (Tipuana tipu) 

and kochia (Bassia scoparia) were found to pose the 

greatest threat under climate change while white 

weeping broom (Retama raetam) and fringed dodder 

(Cuscuta suaveolens) were predicted to have the highest 

risk of establishing in new areas. 

‘The predicted move south by both native and introduced 

plants would produce a ‘vacuum’ in northern Australia 

so, to prevent lurking species from invading, a new list 

of alert and sleeper weeds for this region needs to be 

developed,’ Dr Scott said. The report also found that 

while the area currently infested by the most widespread 

weeds will decrease under climate change, the area of 

high risk would still be large. 

Bob Berwyn for Summit County Citizens Voice 

12 May 2012 

CONGRATULATIONS 

Dr Maurizio Vurro. Congratulations to Maurizio Vurro 

and Maria Antonietta Novielli on their recent marriage in 

Bari, Puglia on March 21 st , 2012. With best wishes from 

us all. 

Dr Bikash Ray. Congratulations to Dr Bikash Ray on 

his promotion to the Pulses and Oilseeds Research 

Station, Berhampore, West Bengal India, where he will 

be exploring the availability of resistance to Orobanche 

aegyptiaca in rapeseed and mustard. 

GENERAL WEB SITES 

For individual web-site papers and reports see 

LITERATURE 

For information on the International Parasitic Plant 

Society, current issue of Haustorium, etc. see: 

http://www.parasiticplants.org/ 

For past and current issues of Haustorium see also: 

http://www.odu.edu/~lmusselm/haustorium/index.sht 

ml 

For the ODU parasitic plant site see: 

http://www.odu.edu/~lmusselm/plant/parasitic/index. 

php 

For Dan Nickrent’s ‘The Parasitic Plant Connection’ see: 

http://www.parasiticplants.siu.edu/ 

For the Parasitic Plant Genome Project (PPGP) see: 

http://ppgp.huck.psu.edu/ 

For information on the EU COST 849 Project (now 

completed) and reports of its meetings see: 

http://cost849.ba.cnr.it/ 

For information on the EWRS Working Group ‘Parasitic 

weeds’ see: http://www.ewrs.org/parasitic_weeds.asp 

For a description and other information about the 

Desmodium technique for Striga suppression, see: 

http://www.push-pull.net/ 

For The Mistletoe Center (including a comprehensive 

Annotated Bibliography on mistletoes, up to 1995?) 

see: http://www.rmrs.nau.edu/mistletoe/ 

For the work of Forest Products Commission (FPC) on 

sandalwood, see: http://www.fpc.wa.gov.au (Search 

Santalum) 

For past and current issues of the Sandalwood Research 

Newsletter, see: 

http://www.jcu.edu.au/mbil/srn/index.html 

For information on the work of the African Agricultural 

Technology Foundation (AATF) on Striga control in 

Kenya, including periodical ‘Strides in Striga 

Management’ newsletters, see: http://www.aatfafrica.org/ 

FORTHCOMING MEETING 

12 th World Congress on Parasitic Plants (WCPP) will 

be held on Monday July 15 to Friday July 19, 2013 in 

Sheffield, UK. The venue will be the Edge Conference 

facility at the University of Sheffield. Further details will 

be provided via the conference website which will be 

available from mid October 2012. An e-mail will be 

sent to everyone who receives Haustorium once the 

website is available. 

THANKS 

As editors of Haustorium, Harro Bouwmeester and Chris 

Parker wish to thank Jim Westwood for his stalwart 

help, support and encouragement in the production of 

this newsletter over the past many years, particularly 

helping Chris with literature items that were beyond his 

comprehension. We may yet trouble him further but will 

try to leave him in peace.


LITERATURE 

* indicates web-site reference only 

Abad Domínguez, A.B., Torres Martínez, G., Montealegre 

Lara, A.L. and Barrera, O. 2005. (Detection of seeds of 

quarantined weed species in Mexico in observance of 

NOM-043-FITO-1999.) (in Spanish) XVII Congreso de 

la Asociación Latinoamericana de Malezas (ALAM) I 

Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencia de las Malezas, IV 

Congreso Nacional de Ciencia de Malezas, Matanzas, 

Cuba, 8 al 11 de noviembre del 2005: 359-364. 

[Describing the official Mexican standard ‘Specifications 

to prevent the introduction of quarantined weed species 

in Mexico’ listing 64 species in 21 families, including 

Orobanchaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Convolvulaceae.] 

Abella, S.R., Prengaman, K.A., Embrey, T.M., Schmid, 

S.M., Newton, A.C. and Merkler, D.J. 2012. A 

hierarchical analysis of vegetation on a Mojave Desert 

landscape, USA. Journal of Arid Environments 78: 135- 

143. [Noting the use of Krameria grayi as an ecological 

indicator.] 

Adaramoye, O., Amanlou, M., Habibi-Rezaei, M., Pasalar, 

P. and Moosavi-Movahedi, A. 2012. Methanolic extract 

of African mistletoe (Viscum album) improves 

carbohydrate metabolism and hyperlipidemia in 

streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Asian Pacific 

Journal of Tropical Medicine 5(6): 427-433. [Extract of 

‘V. album’ (in Turkey?) has anti-diabetic and antihyperlipidemic 

effects in STZ-diabetic rats.] 

Adnan Amin and Khan, M.A. 2011. In vitro bactericidal and 

bacteriostatic potential of ingredients of traditional 

medicine obtained from Kacha area (River Indus) district 

D.I. Khan, KPK, against human bacterial pathogens. 

Pakistan Journal of Botany 43(5): 2613-2617. [Ximenia 

americana among 5 species showing antimicrobial 

activity.] 

Aichner, M., Oberauner, L., Liebminger, S., Fürnkranz, M. 

and Berg, G. 2012. Volatile organic compounds of plantassociated 

bacteria to reduce microbial contamination on 

clean room textile. In: Pertot, I., Elad, Y., Gessler, C. 

and Cini, A. (eds) IOBC/WPRS Bulletin 78: 381-384. 

[Volatile organic compounds from natural antagonistic 

endophytes from mistletoe (presumably Viscum album) 

inhibited the growth of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.] 

Akhilesh Kumar, Pandey, V.C. and Tewari, D.D. 2012. 

Documentation and determination of consensus about 

phytotherapeutic veterinary practices among the Tharu 

tribal community of Uttar Pradesh, India. Tropical 

Animal Health and Production 44(4): 863-872. 

[Recording ‘great agreement among informants’ for the 

use of Cuscuta reflexa.] 

Alder, A., Jamil, M., Marzorati, M., Bruno, M., Vermathen, 

M., Bigler, P., Ghisla, S., Bouwmeester, H., Beyer, P. 

and Al-Babili, S. 2012. The path from β-carotene to 

carlactone, a strigolactone-like plant hormone. Science 

(Washington) 335(6074): 1348-1351. [A breakthrough 

paper on the elucidation of the strigolactone biosynthetic 

pathway. The catalytic function of DWARF27 was 

determined to be the isomerisation of trans to cis-ßcarotene. 

The latter serves as substrate for CCD7 and the 

resulting apocarotenoid as substrate for CCD8. This 3- 

step pathway results in the formation of the highly 

surprising compound carlactone that already has the D- 

ring that is so characteristic for strigolactones and 

stimulates the germination of Striga and 

Orobanche/Phelipanche.] 

Ali, I.H.H. and El-Yazal, M.A. 2011. Efficacy of glyphosate 

herbicide against dodder and its impact on some 

biochemical parameters on host plant Nerium oleander 

L. and a survey of host range of some ornamentals at 

Fayoum. Bulletin of Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo 

University 62(4): 494-502. [Recording C. campestris on 

11 host species in Egypt and noting its selective control 

on oleander by glyphosate at 200 and 400 ppm.] 

Aly, R. 2012. Advanced technologies for parasitic weed 

control. Weed Science 60(2): 290-294. [Reviewing the 

need for alternative biotechnology-methods and 

describing the generation of transgenic tobacco plants 

expressing a cecropin peptide (sarcotoxin IA), under the 

control of the inducible HMG2 promoter and showing 

enhanced resistance to Phelipanche aegyptiaca. (see also 

Haustorium 59 pp 2-3).] 

Almehdar, H., Abdallah, H.M., Osman, A.M.M. and Abdel- 

Sattar, E.A. 2012. In vitro cytotoxic screening of 

selected Saudi medicinal plants. Journal of Natural 

Medicines 66(2): 406-412. [In studies with human breast 

cancer (MCF7), hepatocellular carcinoma (HEPG2), and 

cervix cancer (HELA) cells, ‘interesting cytotoxic 

activity’ was observed for extracts of Phragmanthera 

austroarabica.] 

Amico, G.C., Vidal-Russell, R., García, M.A., and Nickrent 

D.L. 2012. Evolutionary history of the South American 

mistletoe Tripodanthus (Loranthaceae) using nuclear and 

chloroplast markers. Systematic. Botany 37: 218-225. 

[Results from a combined analysis of ITS and plastid 

genes showed the Tripodanthus flagellaris clade 

(including T. belmirensis) as sister to T. acutifolius 

which was composed of eastern and Andean clades.] 

Amri, M., Abbes, Z., Youssef, S.B., Bouhadida, M., Salah, 

H.B. and Kharrat, M. 2012. Detection of the parasitic 

plant, Orobanche cumana on sunflower (Helianthus 

annuus L.) in Tunisia. African Journal of Biotechnology 

11(18): 4163-4167. [Recording the first occurrence of O. 

cumana on sunflower in Tunisia and discussing the need 

for quarantine and control measures to reduce its 

spread.] 

Atera, E.A., Itoh, K., Azuma, T. and Ishii, T. 2012. Farmers' 

perspectives on the biotic constraint of Striga 

hermonthica and its control in western Kenya. Weed 

Biology and Management, 12: 53–62. [Striga 

hermonthica is regarded as a major constraint to maize, 

sorghum, and finger millet production and is increasing 

in the region. Local control measures include handpulling, 

crop rotation, and intercropping, but are not


widely adopted as there is no guarantee of a direct payoff 

in increased crop yield.] 

Atera, E.A., Itoh, K., Azuma, T. Ishii, T. 2012. Response of 

NERICA rice to Striga hermonthica infections in 

western Kenya. International Journal of Agriculture and 

Biology 14(2): 271-275. [Confirming rice varieties 

NERICA 1 and NERICA 10 are resistant to S. 

hermonthica, while NERICA 4 is highly susceptible. 

Yield loss ranged between 33 and 90%.] 

Atera, E.A., Itoh, K., Azuma, T. Ishii, T. 2012. Farmers' 

perception and constraints to the adoption of weed 

control options: the case of Striga asiatica in Malawi. 

Journal of Agricultural Science (Toronto) 4(5): 41-50. 

[Farmers attribute increasing infestation of maize by 

Sriga asiatica in central Malawi to insufficient funds to 

purchase inputs, low soil fertility and lack of grazing 

animals. Control options are not implemented because 

they are not trusted.] 

Ayesha Mateen, Suresh, P.V.K. and Parwez Ahmed. 2011. 

Evaluation of antibacterial activity of Cuscuta reflexa 

and Abutilon indicum. International Journal of Pharma 

and Bio Sciences 2(4): B-355-B-361. [Confirming the 

antimicrobial activity of ethanol extracts of C. reflexa 

against a range of bacteria.] 

Ayupbek, A., Ziyavitdinov, J.F., Ishimov, U.J., Sagdiev, 

N.Z., Kuznetsova, N.N., Hu KeLin and Aisa, H.A. 2012. 

Phenylethanoid glycosides from Cistanche tubulosa. 

Chemistry of Natural Compounds 47(6): 985-987. 

Babalola, O.O. 2010. Exogenous cellulase contributes to 

mycoherbicidal activity of Fusarium arthrosporioides on 

Orobanche aegyptiaca. International Journal of 

Agronomy, 2010: Article ID 963259, 4 pp. [Addition of 

cellulose increases activity of F. arthrosporioides 

against O. aegyptiaca without causing damage to tomato 

roots.] 

Badu-Apraku, B. and Oyekunle, M. 2012. Genetic analysis 

of grain yield and other traits of extra-early yellow maize 

inbreds and hybrid performance under contrasting 

environments. Field Crops Research 129: 99-110. [The 

available extra-early maize inbred lines are not only 

drought escaping but also possess genes for drought 

tolerance. TZEEI 79 × TZEEI 63 was the best extraearly 

hybrid under infestation by Striga hermonthica.] 

Bandaranayake, P.C.G., Tomilov, A., Tomilova, N.B., Ngo, 

Q.A., Wickett, N., de Pamphilis, C.W. and Yoder, J.I. 

2012. The TvPirin gene is necessary for haustorium 

development in the parasitic plant Triphysaria 

versicolor. Plant Physiology 158(2): 1046-1053. 

[Showing that TvPirin homologs are present in most 

flowering plants, and are not parasite-specific but are 

associated with the expression of a number of genes, 

some of which are involved in haustorium development.] 

Barbu, C. 2010. Silver fir stands infected by mistletoe 

(Viscum album ssp. abietis) dynamics in the context of 

climate change. Lucrări Sţiinţifice, Universitatea de 

Sţiintȩ Agricole Şi Medicină Veterinară "Ion Ionescu de 

la Brad" Iaşi, Seria Horticultură 53(1): 609-614. [A 

modelling study of the effects of climate change on V. 

album infestation of silver fir in Romania.] 

Barea, L.P. 2012. Habitat influences on nest-site selection 

by the Painted Honeyeater (Grantiella picta): do food 

resources matter? Emu - Austral Ornithology 112(1): 39- 

45. [Showing that nest-site selection by the Painted 

Honeyeaters was largely explained by abundance and 

proximity of (unspecified) mistletoe clumps and 

discussing the need to conserve mistletoes in the interest 

of conserving this declining bird species.] 

Barrett, T.M., Latta, G., Hennon, P.E., Eskelson, B.N.I. and 

Temesgen, H. 2012. Host-parasite distributions under 

changing climate: Tsuga heterophylla and Arceuthobium 

tsugense in Alaska. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 

42(4): 642-656. [Analysis of 1549 forested plots within a 

14.5 million ha region of southeast Alaska suggest that 

climate currently limits the range of A. tsugense on 

Tsuga heterophylla and that certain models for climate 

change suggest up to 750% increase in distribution over 

the next century.] 

Beavan, S.D. and Heckford, R.J. 2012. Discovery of the 

larva of Gynnidomorpha permixtana ([Denis & 

Schiffermüller], 1775) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the 

British Isles and a consideration of the species' 

distribution there. Entomologist's Gazette 63(2): 69-83. 

[Larvae of G. permixtana found feeding in seed-capsules 

of Odontites vernus and Rhinanthus minor.] 

Berg, G., Hartenberger, K., Liebminger, S., Zachow, C., 

Pertot, I., Elad, Y., Gessler, C. and Cini, A. 2012. 

Antagonistic endophytes from mistletoes as bio-resource 

to control plant as well as clean room pathogens. 

IOBC/WPRS Bulletin 78: 29-32. [Endophytes from 

Viscum album show activity against a range of bacteria 

and fungi.] 

Blick, R.A.J., Burns, K. and Moles, A.T. 2012. Predicting 

network topology of mistletoe-host interactions: do 

mistletoes really mimic their hosts? Oikos 121(5): 761- 

771. [Concluding that Australian mistletoes do not 

mimic their hosts.] 

Borokini, T.I. and Omotayo, F.O. 2012. Phytochemical and 

ethnobotanical study of some selected medicinal plants 

from Nigeria. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 6(7): 

1106-1118. [Identifying components in a range of plants, 

including Tapinanthus globiferus which tend to support 

their traditional medicinal uses.] 

Braby, M.F. 2012. New larval food plants and biological 

notes for some butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) 

from eastern Australia. Australian Entomologist 39(2): 

65-68. [Pieris rapae recorded for the first time on 

Lysiana spathulata (Loranthaceae).] 

Bracci, A., Amat, A.G., Maione, F., Cicala, C., Mascolo, N. 

and de Feo, V. 2012. Diuretic activity of Lophophytum 

leandri. Natural Product Communications 7(1): 33-34. 

[Confirming the diuretic activity of extracts of L. leandri 

(Balanophoraceae), used traditionally in Argentina.] 

Brokamp, G., Dostert, N., Cáceres-H, F. and Weigend, M. 

2012. Parasitism and haustorium anatomy of Krameria 

lappacea (Dombey) Burdet & B.B. Simpson


(Krameriaceae), an endangered medicinal plant from the 

Andean deserts. Journal of Arid Environments 83: 94- 

100. [K. lappacea is an endangered, hemiparasitic, 

medicinal plant from the semi-deserts of Andean South 

America, and is being overexploited. The work in Peru 

confirms that it has a very wide host range. The need for 

conservation strategies and adequate management are 

stressed.] 

Brown, A., Eatt, J., Done, C., Raymond, D. and Pattison, M. 

2011. Indian sandalwood. Perfumer & Flavorist 36(22): 

26-34. [A study of 90 Santalum album trees in Western 

Australia show good correlations between stem 

diameter, merchantable mass yield and heartwood yield. 

Together with observed oil yield from heartwood, the 

results contribute to the development of a predictive 

model.] 

Burlov, V. 2010. Breeding of sunflower resistant to new 

races of broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.). Helia 

33(53): 165-172. [Noting the occurrence of a virulent 

form of O. cumana in the Black Sea region since 2004, 

infesting sunflower with resistance to race E. But noting 

the development of maternal lines of sunflower hybrids 

whose stability to the new race is controlled by a single 

dominant gene, Or 6 .] 

Campagna, G. and Rapparini, G. 2011. (Prevention and 

control of dodder.) (in Italian) Informatore Agrario 

67(45): 62-65. [A brief review of potential control 

methods including crop rotation, use of uncontaminated 

seed and irrigation water, and the herbicides 

pendimethalin, chhlorpropham, ethofumesate and 

propyzamide.] 

Castillejo, M.Á., Fernández-Aparicio, M. and Rubiales, D. 

2012. Proteomic analysis by two-dimensional 

differential in gel electrophoresis (2D DIGE) of the early 

response of Pisum sativum to Orobanche crenata. 

Journal of Experimental Botany 63(1): 107-119, [Results 

suggest different defence responses to O. crenata in 

susceptible and more resistant pea varieties, apparently 

associated with certain proteins with protease activity.] 

Chandrakasan, L. and Neelamegam, R. 2011. GC-MS 

analysis of Loranthus longiflorus Desr. (a hemi-parasite) 

bark harvested from two host trees. Journal of Pharmacy 

Research 4(9): 3072-3074. [Extracts from the bark of L 

longiflorus (= Dendrophthoe falcata) growing on 

Casuarina equisetifolia showed anti-microbial and anticancer 

properties, while the same species growing on 

Ficus religiosa contained different components, without 

useful activity.] 

Chandrakasan, L. and Neelamegam, R. 2011. In vitro 

studies on antioxidants and free radical scavenging 

activities in the extracts of Loranthus longiflorus Desr. 

bark samples obtained from two host trees. Journal of 

Phytology 3(12): 22-30. [Showing some small 

differences in the antioxidant constituents and free 

radical scavenging activities of extracts from L. 

longiflorus (= Dendrophthoe falcata) growing on the 

hosts Casuarina equisetifolia and Ficus religiosa.] 

Chang FuYe, Li Yun and Wan JiFeng. 2012. (Function of 

Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma anti-aging, regimen and 

facial make-up.) (in Chinese) 2012. Chinese Archives of 

Traditional Chinese Medicine 30(3): 472-473. [‘It is 

believed that C. deserticola invigorates the kidney the 

function to achieve anti-aging, regimen and facial makeup 

purposes.’ (sic)] 

Chen, C.Q., Han, S., Gao, J. and Yang, L.N. 2012. First 

report of ginseng (Panax ginseng) as a natural host of 

dodder (Cuscuta japonica) in China. Plant Disease 

96(2): 297. [Reporting poor growth, chlorosis, wilting, 

and eventual death in a field of ginseng infested by C. 

japonica in Jilin Province, China.] 

Chen JaoShien and Hsiao ShuChuan. 2011. Study on seed 

morphogenesis of Orobanchaceae in Taiwan. Taiwania 

56(4): 267-278. [Embryos of Aeginetia indica were of 

solanad type, while in Boschniakia himalaica and 

Orobanche caerulescens they were of onagrad type. All 

seeds consisted of embryo, endosperm and testa.] 

Chiou WenFei, Shen ChienChang and Lin LieChwen. 2011. 

Anti-inflammatory principles from Balanophora 

laxiflora. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 19(4): 502- 

508. [Concluding that isolariciresinol modulates the 

production of inflammatory mediators through the 

attenuation of NF-κB transcription signalling.] 

Cursino, L.M.C., Santos, I., Mariúba, L.A.M., Jeffreys, 

M.F., Lima, N.M., Oliveira, J.L., Orlandi, P.P., Nunez, 

C.V. and Rastrelli, L. 2011. Antibacterial activity of 

Minquartia guianensis extracts and phytochemical 

evaluation. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture 

23(6): 505-510. [Confirming activity of M. guianensis 

against several bacteria and identifying 4 triterpenes - 

lupeol, taraxerol, lupenona and squalene.] 

Czarnecka, J. 2011. The role of linear structures in 

agricultural landscape in the maintenance of xerothermic 

species. Acta Agrobotanica 64(4): 151-158. [Including 

information on Melampyrum arvense.] 

Daryaei, M.G. and Moghadam, E.S. 2012. Effects of 

mistletoe (Viscum album L.) on leaves and nutrients 

content of some host trees in hyrcanian forests (Iran). 

International Journal of Agriculture: Research and 

Review 2(3): 85-90. [Studies on V. album-infested 

hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and alder (Alnus glutinosa) 

showed reduction of area and weight of host leaves, and 

lowered N, but increased K, Mn and Zn.] 

de Camargo, N. F., Cruz, R.M.S., Ribeiro, J. F. and Vieira, 

E.M. 2011. (Frugivory and potential seed dispersal by 

the marsupial Gracilinanus agilis (Didelphidae: 

Didelphimorphia) in areas of Cerrado in central Brazil.) 

(in Portuguese) Acta Botanica Brasilica 25(3): 646-656. 

[Phoradendron perrottetii among the species eaten by G. 

agilis. Germination was not affected by passage through 

the gut.] 

de Wet, H., Nzama, V.N. and van Vuuren, S.F. 2012. 

Medicinal plants used for the treatment of sexually 

transmitted infections by lay people in northern 

Maputaland, Kwazulu-Natal Province, South Africa. 

South African Journal of Botany 78: 12-20. [Sarcophyte


sanguinea (Balanophoraceae) among 33 species used to 

treat sexually transmitted disease.] 

Delaux, P.M., Xie, X., Timme, R.E., Puech-Pages, V., 

Dunand, C., Lecompte, E., Delwiche, C.F., Yoneyama, 

K., Bécard, G., Séjalon-Delmas, N. 2012 Origin of 

strigolactones in the green lineage. New Phytologist 

195(4): 857-871. [The authors show that strigolactones 

and corresponding genes are present in primitive land 

plants and the Charales, freshwater algae, and control 

rhizoid elongation in the primitive plants. They suggest 

that the original biological function of strigolactones is 

not to facilitate mycorrhizal colonisation but plant 

development.] 

Disadee, W. Mahidol, C., Sahakitpichan, P., Sitthimonchai, 

S., Ruchirawat, S. and Kanchanapoom, T. 2012. 

Unprecedented furan-2-carbonyl C-glycosides and 

phenolic diglycosides from Scleropyrum pentandrum. 

Phytochemistry 74: 115-122. [Five new copmpounds 

from S. pentandrum (Santalaceae) identified and 

evaluated for their radical scavenging activities using 

both DPPH and ORAC assays.] 

Doehmer, J. and Eisenbraun, J. 2012. Assessment of extracts 

from mistletoe (Viscum album) for herb-drug interaction 

by inhibition and induction of cytochrome P450 

activities. Phytotherapy Research 26(1): 11-17. [Extracts 

of V. album growing on hosts ash, fir and pine differed 

in their cytotoxic effects on liver cells. None showed 

potential for herb-drug interactions by interference with 

cytochrome P450.] 

Dong LiNa, Li DeZhu and Wang Hong. 2011. (Species 

delimitation of Pterygiella (Orobanchaceae), a genus 

endemic to southwestern China on the basis of 

morphometric and molecular analyses.) (in Chinese) 

Plant Diversity and Resources 33(6): 581-594. [Revising 

the genus Pterygiella to include only three species, P. 

nigrescens, P. duclouxii, and P. cylindrica. P. 

suffruticosa is merged into P. cylindrica as a variety.] 

Dongo, A., Leflon, M., Simier, P. and Delavault, P. 2012. 

Development of a high-throughput real-time quantitative 

PCR method to detect and quantify contaminating seeds 

of Phelipanche ramosa and Orobanche cumana in crop 

seed lots. Weed Research (Oxford) 52(1): 34-41. [The 

PCR (TaqMan) diagnostic method allowed rapid, highthroughput 

and accurate assessment of contamination of 

rapeseed and sunflower seeds with P. ramosa or O. 

cumana respectively, to the level of seeds per kg crop 

seed.] 

Duda-Chodak, A., Tarko, T. and Rus, M. 2011. Antioxidant 

activity and total polyphenol content of selected herbal 

medicinal products used in Poland. Herba Polonica 

57(1): 48-61. [Viscum album among plant extracts 

studied.] 

Eizenberg, H., Aly, R. and Cohen, Y. 2012. Technologies 

for smart chemical control of broomrape (Orobanche 

spp. and Phelipanche spp.). Weed Science 60(2): 316- 

323. [Discussing a range of advanced techniques for 

optimising the control of Orobanche aegyptiaca in 

tomato. (see also Haustorium 59 pp 2-3).] 

Encheva, J. and Shindrova, P. 2011. Developing mutant 

sunflower lines (Helianthus annuus L.) through induced 

mutagenesis and study of their combining ability. Helia 

34(54): 107-122. [Describing the use of ultrasound as a 

means of creating mutant lines of potential value in 

breeding for resistance to Orobanche cumana.] 

Ephrath, J.E., Herschenhorn, J., Achardi, G., Bringer, S. and 

Eizenberg, H. 2012. Use of logistic equation for 

detection of the initial parasitism phase of Egyptian 

broomrape (Phelipanche aegyptiaca) in tomato. Weed 

Science 60(1): 57-63. [From phytotron and greenhouse 

experiments at a range of temperatures, it was 

established that attachment of P. aegyptiaca on tomato 

began at 200 growing degree days (GDD) and maximum 

attachment was at 800 GDD.] 

Estep, M.C., Gowda, B.S., Huang, K., Timko, M.P. and 

Bennetzen, J.L. 2012. Genomic characterization for 

parasitic weeds of the genus Striga by sample sequence 

analysis. Plant Genome, 5(1): 30-41. [[Genomics 

analysis of Striga spp. shows that their DNA contains 

repetitive elements. The genome size varied from 615 

Mb in S. asiatica to almost 2460 Mb in S. forbesii, 

suggesting a ploidy series. Phylogenetic analysis of 

chloroplast loci suggest that S. gesnerioides is more 

closely related to the grass-parasitising Striga spp. than 

expected.] 

Fadini, R.F. and Lima, A.P. 2012. Fire and host abundance 

as determinants of the distribution of three congener and 

sympatric mistletoes in an Amazonian savanna. 

Biotropica 44(1): 27-34. [Prevalence of the relatively 

host-specific P. plagiophyllus was negatively related to 

fire frequency, while for the more generalist P. 

biternatus and P. eucalyptifolius it was not.] 

Feldman, T.S., Morsy, M.R. and Roossinck, M.J. 2012. Are 

communities of microbial symbionts more diverse than 

communities of macrobial hosts? Fungal Biology 

116(4): 465-477. [Studies on Cuscuta cuspidata and its 

host Ambrosia psilostachya in grassland in Oklahoma, 

USA, revealed at least 25 fungal taxa, and 10% of these 

with detectable viruses. Several mycovirus types were 

shared among fungal taxa, indicating that mycoviruses 

may be less specialized than previously thought.] 

Fernández-Aparicio, M., Flores, F. and Rubiales, D. 2012. 

Escape and true resistance to crenate broomrape 

(Orobanche crenata Forsk.) in grass pea (Lathyrus 

sativus L.) germplasm. Field Crops Research 125(1): 92- 

97. [Resistance to O. crenata in L. sativus is scarce and 

influenced by environmental conditions but some useful 

genetic variation detected. Early and late varieties tend 

to escape.] 

Fernández-Aparicio, M. and Rubiales, D. 2012. Differential 

response of pea (Pisum sativum) to Orobanche crenata, 

Orobanche foetida and Phelipanche aegyptiaca. Crop 

Protection 31(1): 27-30. [Pea stimulates high 

germination of O. foetida and P. aegyptiaca but resists 

infection, suggesting it could be a useful trap crop for O. 

foetida and P. aegyptiaca-infested land.]


Fernández-Aparicio, M., Westwood, J.H. and Rubiales, D. 

2011. Agronomic, breeding, and biotechnological 

approaches to parasitic plant management through 

manipulation of germination stimulant levels in 

agricultural soils. Botany 89(12): 813-826. [Reviewing 

agronomic practices that use parasitic germination 

stimulant production as a target for manipulation to 

control parasitic weeds.] 

Fischer, E., Lobin, W. and Mutke, J. 2011. Striga barthlottii 

(Orobanchaceae), a new parasitic species from Morocco. 

Willdenowia 41(1): 51-56. [Describing S. barthlottii, 

endemic to Morocco and specific to succulent Euphorbia 

species, previously mistaken for S. gesnerioides. The 

corolla lobes of S. barthlottii are rounded and about as 

long as wide while S. gesnerioides has long, narrow 

corolla lobes. The corolla of S. barthlottii is pale 

pink/whitish, while in S. gesnerioides it is usually violet. 

The stem of Striga barthlottii is typically unbranched, 

while typical S. gesnerioides is richly branched.] 

Furuhashi, T., Fragner, L., Furuhashi, K., Valledor, L., Sun 

XiaoLiang and Weckwerth, W. 2012. Metabolite 

changes with induction of Cuscuta haustorium and 

translocation from host plants. Journal of Plant 

Interactions 7(1): 84-93. [Showing that metabolic 

components of Cuscuta japonica varied according to the 

host on which it was growing.] 

Garcia M.A. 2012. Cuscuta. In: Castroviejo S. (ed.) Flora 

Iberica. Plantas vasculares de la península Ibérica e Islas 

Baleares, vol. 11, pp. 292-310. Madrid: Real Jardín 

Botánico, CSIC. [Keys and descriptions for the nine 

species of dodder occurring on the Iberian peninsula and 

Balearic islands: C. approximata, C. epithymum, C. 

europaea, C. nivea, C. planiflora, C. triumviratus, C. 

australis, C. campestris, and C. monogyna.] 

Gaurav Gupta, Imran Kazmi, Muhammad Afzal, Mahfoozur 

Rahman, Shakir Saleem Ashraf, M.S., Khusroo, M.J., 

Khalid Nazeer, Sayeed Ahmed, Mohd Mujeeb, Zubair 

Ahmed and Firoz Anwar. 2012. Sedative, antiepileptic 

and antipsychotic effects of Viscum album L. 

(Loranthaceae) in mice and rats. Journal of 

Ethnopharmacology 141(3): 810-816. [Concluding that 

V. album exhibited sedative, antiepileptic and 

antipsychotic activity in mice and rats.] 

Gaurav Sharma and Sundararaj, R 2011. Association of ants 

and honeydew producing sucking pests in Bangalore 

provenance of sandal (Santalum album Linn. Biological 

Forum 3(2): 62-64. [Different ants were found associated 

with five species of coccids on S. album.] 

Genini, J., Côrtes, M.C., Guimarães Júnior, P.R. and Galetti, 

M. 2012, Mistletoes play different roles in a modular 

host-parasite network. Biotropica 44(2): 171-178. 

[Finding a wider host range for Psittacanthus spp. than 

for Phoradendron spp. in the Brazilian Pantanal, 

apparently associated with a wider range of bird 

dispersers.] 

Ghannam, I., Al-Masri, M. and Barakat, R. 2012.The effect 

of herbicides on the Egyptian broomrape (Orobanche 

aegyptiaca) in tomato fields. American Journal of Plant 

Sciences 3(3): 346-352. [Post-emergence application of 

chlorsulfuron, triasulfuron and imazaquin caused 

substantial death of O. aegyptiaca without significant 

increase or decrease in tomato yield.] 

Ghotbi, M., Rouhi, H.R., Amini Dehagi, M., Ghotbi, M., 

Moghaddam Khamseh, A.H. and Wahsha, M. 2012. 

Mitigate Phelipanche aegyptiaca Pers. infestation 

considering natural environment conservation. 

International Journal of AgriScience 2(1): 62-77. 

[Various crops grown in P. aegyptiaca-infested pots for 

2 months before planting tomato seedlings. Cotton, 

sorghum and tomato significantly reduced infestation.] 

Gianguzzi, L., D'Amico, A. Romano, S. 2010. 

Phytosociological remarks on residual woodlands of 

Laurus nobilis in Sicily. Lazaroa 31: 67-84. [Noting 

Orobanche hederae as a component of the laurel 

understory, associated with the presence of Hedera 

helix.] 

Glijin, A., Mîta, E., Levitçhi, A., Acciu, A., Calmîş, A. and 

Duca, M. 2011. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in normal 

and biotic stress conditions. Lucrări Sţiinţifice, 

Universitatea de Sţiintȩ Agricole Şi Medicină Veterinară 

"Ion Ionescu de la Brad" Iaşi, Seria Horticultură 54(2): 

97-102. [Studies on Orobanche cumana in Moldova 

confirm the role of PAL in the expression of biochemical 

mechanisms of resistance to the parasite.] 

Goldwasser, Y., Miryamchik, H., Sibony, M. and Rubin, B. 

2012. Detection of resistant chickpea (Cicer arietinum) 

genotypes to Cuscuta campestris (field dodder). Weed 

Research 52(2): 122-130. [Among 52 international 

varieties of chickpea and 11 local varieties tested in pot 

experiments in Israel, ICV 95333 and Hazera 4 showed 

very high resistance to primary parasitism from C. 

campestris, and moderate resistance to secondary 

parasitism (when the C. campestris had first established 

on a susceptible variety).] 

Gómez-Sánchez, M., Sánchez-Fuentes, L.J. and Salazar- 

Olivo, L.A. 2011. (Anatomy of Mexican species of the 

genera Phoradendron and Psittacanthus, endemic to the 

New World.) (in Spanish) Revista Mexicana de 

Biodiversidad 82(4): 1203-1218. [Detailed and 

beautifully illustrated descriptions of the anatomy of 

leaves, stems, fruits and pollen of Phoradendron 

brachystachyum, P. carneum, P. forestierae, 

Psittacanthus calyculatus and Ps. palmeri.) 

Gong, L., Yang, Y.J. and Zhou, J. 2012. Genes involved in 

the synthesis and signaling pathway of strigolactone, a 

shoot branching inhibitor. Biologia Plantarum 56(2): 

210-214. [A review.] 

Gosline G. and Malécot V. 2012. A 

monograph of Octoknema (Octoknemaceae - Olacaceae 

s.l.). Kew Bulletin 66: 367-404. [A taxonomic revision 

of this African genus describes fourteen species, six of 

which are new] 

Goto, R., Yamakoshi, G. and Matsuzawa, T. 2012. A novel 

brood-site pollination mutualism?: the root holoparasite 

Thonningia sanguinea (Balanophoraceae) and an


inflorescence-feeding fly in the tropical rainforests of 

West Africa. Plant Species Biology 27(2): 164-169. 

[Female flies of the families Muscidae and Calliphoridae 

as well as Technomyrmex ants are shown to be 

responsible for pollnation of T. sanguinea in Guinea. 

Morellia sp. (Muscidae) lays eggs on T. sanguinea, and 

the larvae feed only on the tissue of decaying male 

inflorescences.] 

Greuter, W. and Raus, T. 2010. Med-Checklist Notulae, 29. 

Willdenowia 40(2): 189-204. [Including an item 

recording Orobanche amethystea ssp. amethystea on 

Eryngium campestre in Crete.] 

Greuter, W. and Raus, T. 2011. Med-Checklist notulae, 30. 

Willdenowia 41(2): 311-328. [Including a note recording 

Orobanche rosmarina on Rosmarinus officinalis in 

Tunisia.] 

Greuter, W. and von Raab-Straube, E. 2009. Euro+Med 

Notulae, 4. Willdenowia 39(2): 327-333. [The authors 

indicate that the molecular data are inconclusive 

regarding segregating Phelipanche from Orobanche and 

thus propose two new combinations, O. shultzioides and 

O. tricholoba.] 

Grudnicki, M., Barbu, C. and Curelaru, C. 2010. The 

influence of mistletoe (Viscum album spp. abietis) attack 

on fir tree (Abies alba) in Solca forest arrondissement 

Suceava District. Lucrări Sţiinţifice, Universitatea de 

Sţiintȩ Agricole Şi Medicină Veterinară "Ion Ionescu de 

la Brad" Iaşi, Seria Horticultură 53(1): 585-590. [In 

Romania, V. album reduces wood quality of fir and 

increases vulnerability to strong winds, heavy snow falls, 

and the attacks of insects and fungus.] 

Guo Hui, Weiner, J., Mazer, S.J., Zhao ZhiGang; Du 

GuoZhen and Li Bo. 2012. Reproductive allometry in 

Pedicularis species changes with elevation. Journal of 

Ecology (Oxford) 100(2): 452-458. [Studying 24 

Pedicularis spp. in Tibet and showing that the ratio of 

reproductive to vegetative growth decreases with 

increasing elevation.] 

Guo Yu Zhao, JiangYan, Luan Na, Zhang Jing and Li Di. 

2011. Antioxidant function of flavonoids from Songaria 

cynomorium Herb. Medicinal Plant 2(12): 14-16. 

Hahn, V. and Wieckhorst, S., 2010. Mapping and tagging of 

simply inherited traits. In: Genetics, genomics and 

breeding of sunflower. Hu, J., Seiler, G. and Kole, C. 

(eds) 2010, 111-133. [With emphasis on breeding for 

resistance to Orobanche cumana.] 

Haidar, M.G. and Askary, T.H. 2011. Management of plant 

parasitic nematodes through botanicals and growth of 

sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). Annals of Plant 

Protection Sciences 19(2): 433-436. [Cuscuta reflexa, 

Orobanche (unspecified) and ‘Loranthus’ (unspecified) 

among ‘botanicals’ failing to show useful activity 

against nematodes.] 

Hajtó, T., Fodor, K., Perjési, P. and Németh, P. 2011. 

Difficulties and perspectives of immunomodulatory 

therapy with mistletoe lectins and standardized mistletoe 

extracts in evidence-based medicine. Evidence-based 

Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011: Article 

ID 298972, 6 pp. [A review concluding that research on 

lectins from Viscum album needs new perspectives The 

advantages and disadvantages of purified and 

biologically better defined lectin preparations are also 

discussed.] 

Hanumantha, M., Gunaga, R.P., Patil, R.S., Nagaraja and 

Biradar, S.S. 2012. Natural regeneration in Santalum 

album Linn: a case study from campus of Forest 

Training Institute, Gungargatti, Dharwad, Karnataka. 

Indian Forester 138(4): 386-389. [Discussing a variety of 

factors influencing regeneration of S. album.] 

Hao YuanYuan, Yue LiJun, Kang JianJun and Wang 

SuoMin. 2012. (Research progress on "desert ginseng" - 

Cistanche deserticola and Cynomeorium songaricum.) 

(in Chinese) Acta Prataculturae Sinica 21(2): 286-293. 

[A general review on the biology and uses of C. 

deserticola and Cynomorium songaricum, with emphasis 

on the possibilities for artifical inoculation methods.] 

Harbaugh-Reynaud, D.T. 2011. The International 

Sandalwood Foundation: A non-profit organization 

dedicated to scientific research and sustainable 

harvesting of sandalwood. Sandalwood Research 

Newsletter 26: 5-6. 

Hassan, M.M., Abdelgani, M.E., Babiker, A.E. and Osman, 

M.G. 2010. Effect of Klebsiella spp. and different 

ethylene inhibitors on Striga hermonthica Benth. (Del.) 

seeds germination. Asian Journal of Agricultural 

Sciences 2(3): 94-98. [Silver nitrate and cobalt chloride, 

known inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis, reduced 

germination of S. hermonthica. Volatiles from Klebsiella 

spp., presumed to be ethylene, promoted germination.] 

Hayatu, M. and Bala, R. 2011. Effects of Striga 

gesnerioides on the growth and yield of some cowpea 

(Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) genotypes under water 

stress condition. Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied 

Sciences 4(2): 12-17’ [Resistance to S. gesnerioides 

confirmed in varieties IT97K-499-35 and IT98K-205-8, 

apparently regardless of water stress.] 

Henderson, R.C., Sultan, A. and Robertson, A.W. 2010. 

Scale insect fauna (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: 

Coccoidea) of New Zealand's pygmy mistletoes 

(Korthalsella: Viscaceae) with description of three new 

species: Leucaspis albotecta, L. trilobata (Diaspididae) 

and Eriococcus korthalsellae (Eriococcidae). Zootaxa 

2644: 1-24. [Apart from the new species referred to in 

the title, 10 other scale insects are listed as occurring on 

Korthalsella clavata, K. lindsayi and K. salicornioides.] 

Heredia-Bobadilla, R.L., Gutiérrez-González, G., Franco- 

Maass, S. and Arzate-Fernández, A.M. 2012. Genetic 

variability of sacred fir (Abies religiosa) in the Nevado 

de Toluca National Park. International Journal of 

Biodiversity and Conservation 4(3): 130-136. [Noting 

that A. religiosa (in Mexico) is threatened by unspecified 

Arceuthobium spp.] 

Hettiarachichi, D.S., Gamage, M. and Subasinghe, U. 2010. 

Oil content analysis of sandalwood: A novel approach to


core sample analysis. Sandalwood Research Newsletter 

25: 1-4. 

Hladni, N., Jocic´, S., Miklič, V., Sakač, Z. and Škoric´, D. 

2010. Assessment of quality of new Rf inbred lines 

resistant to broomrape race E (Orobanche cumana 

Wallr.) developed from H. deserticola by interspecific 

hybridization. Helia 33(53): 155-164. [Discussing the 

development of sunflower varieties resistant to race E of 

O. cumana in Serbia and Romania.] 

Hong ChangEui and Lyu SuYun. 2012. The antimutagenic 

effect of mistletoe lectin (Viscum album L. var. 

coloratum agglutinin). Phytotherapy Research, 26(5): 

787-790. [Confirming broad ranging antimutagenic 

effects of V. album extracts on numerous mutagens in 

TA98 and TA100 Salmonella typhimurium strains.] 

Höniges, A. and Pallag, A. 2011. Safety issues on 

spontaneous Orobanche species, in context global 

warming. Analele Universităţii din Oradea, Fascicula: 

Protecţia Mediului 16: 235-242. [Discussing the possible 

role of global warming in the decline of Orobanche 

populations in Romania and S. Germany and proposing 

means of conserving rare species.] 

Höniges, A. and Pallag, A. 2011. Correlation soil pollution - 

developing of endangered Orobanche spp. Analele 

Universităţii din Oradea, Fascicula: Protecţia Mediului 

16: 243-246. [Comparing soil conditions in areas of 

Romania and S. Germany for their influence on natural 

populations of Orobanche. Abstract inconclusive.] 

Hossain, M.E., Kim GwiMan, Sun SangSoo, Firman, J.D. 

and Yang ChulJu. 2012. Evaluation of water plantain 

(Alisma canaliculatum A. Br. et Bouche) and mistletoe 

(Viscum album L.) effects on broiler growth 

performance, meat composition and serum biochemical 

parameters. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 6(11): 

2160-2169. [The addition of V. album to the diet of 

chickens (basal diet+0.5% mistletoe powder) in Korea 

caused some hepatotoxic effect and is not 

recommended.] 

Huang, K., Whitlock, R., Press, M.C. and Scholes, J.D. 

2012. Variation for host range within and among 

populations of the parasitic plant Striga hermonthica. 

Heredity 108(2): 96-104. [Identifying a small subset of 

AFLP markers which showed 'outlier' genetic 

differentiation among sub-populations of S. hermonthica 

attached to different rice cultivars, suggesting a genetic 

component to host range within populations of S. 

hermonthica.] 

Hynson, N.A., Mambelli, S., Amend, A.S. and Dawson, 

T.E. 2012. Measuring carbon gains from fungal 

networks in understory plants from the tribe Pyroleae 

(Ericaceae): a field manipulation and stable isotope 

approach. Oecologia 169(2): 307-317. [Results suggest 

that Chimaphila umbellata is primarily an autotrophic 

understory plant, while Pyrola picta may be capable of 

partial mycoheterotrophy.] 

Inácio, C.A., Araúz, K. and Piepenbring, M. 2012. A new 

genus of Parmulariaceae from Panama. Mycological 

Progress 11(1): 1-6. [A new species, Antoniomyces 

loranthicola, described from Gaiadendron punctatum 

(Loranthaceae.] 

Inuwa, H.M., Aina, V.O., Ibrahim, S. and Ameh, D.A. 2012. 

Hypoglycaemic activity of Globimetulla browni 

(Loranthaceae) extracts in streptozotocin-induced 

diabetic Wistar rats during wet season. International 

Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 4(1): 16-18. 

[The antihyperglycemic activity of extracts of G. 

brownie was associated with an increase in plasma 

insulin level, suggesting an insulinogenic activity of the 

extract.] 

Inuwa, H.M., Aina, V.O., Ibrahim, S. and Ameh, D.A. 2012. 

Hypoglycaemic activity of Globimetulla browni extracts 

in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats during dry 

season. International Journal of Animal and Veterinary 

Advances 4(1): 19-21. [Abstract exactly as above. Only 

the titles differ in dry v. wet season.] 

Iwalokun, B.A., Oyenuga, A.O., Saibu, G.M. and Ayorinde, 

J. 2011. Analyses of cytotoxic and genotoxic potentials 

of Loranthus micranthus using the Allium cepa test. 

Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences 3(5): 

459-467. [L. micranthus (= Ileostylus micranthus) is 

used traditionally in Nigeria for the management of 

immuno-depressive illnesses such as diabetes mellitus, 

cancer and hypertension. This study showed that it is 

cytotoxic, mitodepressive and genotoxic to A. cepa roots 

and recommends caution in its use on humans.] 

Iwashina, T. 2010. Flavonoids from two parasitic and 

achlorophyllous plants, Aeginetia indica and Orobanche 

minor (Orobanchaceae). Bulletin of the National 

Museum of Nature and Science. Series B, Botany 36(3): 

127-132. [Eight flavonoids identified from A. indica and 

two from O. minor. Only 7-O-glucuronide occurred in 

both.] 

Jacobo-Salcedo, M. del R. and 13 others. 2011. 

Antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of Mexican 

medicinal plants. Natural Product Communications 

6(12): 1925-1928. [Phoradendron longifolium, P. 

serotinum and Psittacanthus calyculatus included in 

anti-microbial and anti-cancer tests. P. longiflorum 

showed potent antimicrobial effects, while P. serotinum 

showed activity against several human cancer lines.] 

Jamil, M., Charnikhova, T., Houshyani, B., van Ast, A. and 

Bouwmeester, H.J. 2012. Genetic variation in 

strigolactone production and tillering in rice and its 

effect on Striga hermonthica infection. Planta 235(3) 

473-484. [Comparisons among a range of rice varieties 

confirmed a negative correlation between strigolactone 

production and tillering, and a corresponding tendency 

for lower infestation of S. hermonthica on high-tillering 

varieties.] 

Jamil, M., Kanampiu, F., Karaya, H., Tatsiana Charnikhova 

and Bouwmeester, H., 2012. Striga hermonthica 

parasitism in maize in response to soil fertility. Field 

Crops Research 134: 1-10. [In a combination of 

greenhouse/lab and field experiments the paper shows 

that in the greenhouse, increasing availability of N and P


strongly reduce the exudation of strigolactones in maize 

which results in reduced infection with Striga. In the 

field the results are less consistent, particularly for P 

application, although N application did reduce Striga 

infection, probably because of physiochemical properties 

of the field soil.] 

Janarthanam, B. and Sumathi, E. 2011. High frequency 

shoot regeneration from internodal explants of Santalum 

album L. International Journal of Botany 7(3): 249-254. 

[Describing the culture media and procedures for the 

successful generation of explants of S. album from 

internodal material.] 

Jang JiYeon, Kim HaNeui, Kim YuRi, Choi YungHyun, 

Kim ByungWoo, Shin HwaKyoung and Choi ByungTae. 

2012. Aqueous fraction from Cuscuta japonica seed 

suppresses melanin synthesis through inhibition of the 

p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway 

in B16F10 cells. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 141(1): 

338-344. [Confirming that C. japonica seed preparation 

can reduce alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α- 

MSH)-induced melanogenesis via reduction of melanin 

synthesis and tyrosinase activity.] 

Jeetendra Sainkhediya and Sudip Ray. 2012. Preliminary 

study of flowering plant diversity of Nimar region. 

Bioscience Discovery Journal 3(1) 70-72. [Viscum 

articulatum noted to be being depleted at an alarming 

rate in this area of Madhya Pradesh.]. 

Jerinic´-Prodanovic´, D. and Protic´, L. 2011. New data on 

true bug predators (Heteroptera: Miridae) of jumping 

plant-lice (Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea) in Serbia. Acta 

Entomologica Serbica 16(1/2): 143-146. [Reporting 

Hypseloeucus visci as a predator of Cacopsylla visci 

[Psylla visci] on Viscum album.] 

Jia YaMin, Guan QiuNong, Guo YuHai and Du CaiGan. 

2012. Echinacoside stimulates cell proliferation and 

prevents cell apoptosis in intestinal epithelial MODE-K 

cells by up-regulation of transforming growth factor-β1 

expression. Journal of Pharmacological Sciences 118(1): 

99-108. [Suggesting that echinacoside is one of the 

ingredients in herbal C. deserticola improving mucosal 

tissue repair by stimulating intestinal epithelial cell 

proliferation and preventing cell death via up-regulation 

of TGF-β.] 

Jin AiHua, Piao Long, Yin XueZhe and Quan JiShu. 2012. 

(Anti-tumor effect of iridoid glucosides from 

Boschniakia rossica in H 22 -bearing mice.) (in Chinese) 

Zhongcaoyao = Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 

43(2): 332-335. [Glucosides from B. rossica had an 

inhibitory effect on the growth of transplanted H 22 

tumour, probably via the regulation of IL-2 and TNF-α 

expression as well as improvement of anti-oxidant 

capability of H 22 -bearing mice.] 

Jung JinHyuk, Kim YoungHoon, Song TaeJun, An HyoSun, 

Kim KyuDae, Kim InBo, Yoon TaekJoon and Kim 

JongBae. 2011. Adjuvant effect of Korean mistletoe 

lectin on mucosal immunity induction following 

intranasal immunization with hemagglutinin antigen. 

Food Science and Biotechnology 20(3): 629-634. 

[Confirming that lectin from Viscum album ssp. 

coloratum (KML-C) has the ability to serve as a mucosal 

adjuvant.] 

Kanade, M.B. and Gham, S.K. 2011. Effect of acid 

scarification on seed germination and seedling growth in 

Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. Advances in Plant Sciences 

24(2): 707-708. [No abstract available.] 

Kang XinPing, An Zhe and Rena Kasmu. 2012. (Research 

progress of chemical constituents and content analysis of 

mark components of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr.) (in 

Chinese) Northwest Pharmaceutical Journal 27(1): 81- 

83. [A review noting that the main components of C. 

songaricum are catechin, ursolic acid, tannin and 

polysaccharide.] 

Karanja, J., Nguluu, S. and Gatheru, M. 2012. Farm yard 

manure reduces the virulence of Alectra vogelii (Benth) 

on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). African Journal of Plant 

Science 6(3): 130-136. [Field trials in Kenya showed 

farm yard manure at 5 or 10 t/ha reduced A. vogelii 

density by >50% and increased crop yield.] 

Karaya, H., Njoroge, K., Mugo, S., Ariga, E.S., Kanampiu, 

F. and Nderitu, J.H. 2012. Determination of levels of 

Striga germination stimulants for maize gene bank 

accessions and elite inbred lines. International Journal of 

Plant Production 6(2): 209-224. [Screening of 420 maize 

lines for germination of S. hermonthica showed low 

stimulation in landraces CRIC 51, CUBA T-31, BRAZ 

1758, BRAZ 1279 and VERA 217 and in CIMMYT 

lines CML 202 IR, CML 445 IR and CML 204 IR. 

Karpavičius, J. and Karpavičius, J. 2011. (The features of 

European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) influence to the 

radial growth and state of Populus L. genus trees.) (in 

Lithuanian) Miškininkystė, 2(70): 49-57. [Showing that 

V. album infestation does not affect breast-height radial 

growth of P. nigra and P. canadensis but does seriously 

affect branch growth above points of attachment, 

resulting in death after 5-10 years and risk of fungal 

infection.] 

Kawo, A.H., Suleiman, Z.A. and Yusha'u, M. 2011. Studies 

on the antibacterial activity and chemical constituents of 

Khaya senegalensis and Ximenia americana leaf 

extracts. African Journal of Microbiology Research 

5(26): 4562-4568. [Extracts of X. americana failed to 

kill a range of wound bacteria, but chemical analysis 

showed the presence of potentially active compounds 

and suggested that higher doses could give results 

justifying their traditional use on wound infections in 

Nigeria.] 

*Kester, M. 2012. Investigation trip to the United States of 

America to investigate golden dodder control options. 

Rural Industries Research and Development 

Corporation. https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/items/12- 

009 [Describing the control measures used to control 

Cuscuta campestris on lucerne in USA, including 

paraquat plus burning, flaming, sulphuric acid spraying, 

crop rotation into cereals, and the herbicides trifluralin


and pendimethalin. Also the use of glyphosate on a 

recently released Round-up-resistant lucerne.] 

Kgosi, R.L., Zwanenburg, B., Mwakaboko, A.S. and 

Murdoch, A.J. 2012. Strigolactone analogues induce 

suicidal seed germination of Striga spp. in soil. Weed 

Research 52(3): 197-203. [Describing 5 new 

strigolactone analogues which were apparently active in 

soil of neutral pH . One dericved from 1-tetralone was 

distinctly more active than the standard Nijmegen-1. The 

abstract refers to ‘no noticeable signs of decomposition’ 

but experimental evidence for this is not presented.] 

Kim SanWoong, Yoo SeungHyeong, Lee HeeJae, Kim, 

K.D., Kim DoRim, Park SeongKyu and Chang 

MunSeog. 2012. Cistanches herba induces testis 

cytotoxicity in male mice. Bulletin of Environmental 

Contamination and Toxicology 88(1): 112-117. [At the 

doses used, extracts of Cistanche (presumably C. 

deserticola and/or C. tubulosa) induce cytotoxicity in the 

male reproductive system of mice, through inhibition of 

spermatogenesis, testicular damage, and limiting 

hormonal function.] 

Koga, C., Mwenje, E. and Garwe, D. 2011. Response of 

tobacco cultivars to varying fertiliser levels in Striga 

gesnerioides infested soils in Zimbabwe. Agricultural 

Journal 6(6): 347-352. [Among 5 tobacco varieties, 2 

landraces were severely damaged by S. gesnerioides 

while variety T66 was relatively tolerant. Parasite 

emergence, and damage to T66, was reduced by 

increasing N from 25 to 50 kg/ha.] 

Komova, G.A. 2010. (Stand dynamics of some types of oak 

forests in southern Primorye [Maritime Province, 

Russian Far East]) (in Russian). Lesovedenie, 1: 22-30. 

[Discussing types of Quercus mongolica forest including 

Melampyrum/Carex.] 

Kretzschmar, T., Kohlen, W., Sasse, J., Borghi, L., Schlegel, 

M., Bachelier, J.B., Reinhardt, D., Bours, R., 

Bouwmeester H.J. and Martinoia, E. 2012. A petunia 

ABC protein controls strigolactone dependent symbiotic 

signalling and branching. Nature 483: 341-346 [The 

authors cloned an ABC transporter from Petunia and 

show it is involved in strigolactone export. A mutant and 

transgenic knock-down plants secrete negligible amounts 

of strigolactones and have a (mild) branching phenotype. 

Intriguingly, the transporter seems to be expressed in 

specific cell-types in the root particularly, possibly in the 

hypodermal passage cells where AM fungi enter. 

Unexpectedly, the transporter is also expressed near the 

axillary buds.] 

Kuijt, J. 2011. Two new species of Oryctanthus 

(Loranthaceae) from Colombia and French Guiana. 

Novon 21(4): 463-467. [O. grammatus desribed from 

Colombia and O. guianensis from French Guiana.] 

Kuijt, J. 2011. Thirteen new species of neotropical 

Viscaceae (Dendrophthora and Phoradendron). Novon 

21(4): 444-462. [Describing 2 new Dendrophthora spp., 

from Bolivia and Ecuador, 8 Phoradendron spp. from 

Peru, and 3 Phoradendron spp. from Venezuela.] 

Kuijt, J. 2011. Loranthaceae Jussieu. 79. Eremolepdaceae 

Tiegh. ex Nakai,, in: C. Marticorena & R. Rodríguez 

(eds.) Flora de Chile 3(1): 9-24. [This treatment covers 

Desmaria (1 sp.), Ligaria (1 sp.), Notanthera (1 sp.) and 

Tristerix (3 spp.) for Loranthaceae. The concept of 

‘Eremolepidaceae’ as a family is still being followed 

(modern works place these genera in Santalaceae) 

including Antidaphne (1 sp.) and Lepidoceras (1 sp.).] 

Kuijt, Job. 2011. Monograph of the genus Dendropemon 

(Loranthaceae). Syst. Bot. Monogr. 92: 1-110. [The last 

comprehensive examination of this genus was in the late 

1800s. This monograph describes 31 species distributed 

among the Caribbean islands.] 

Kuijt, Job. 2011. A note on isophasic parasitism in 

Phoradendron perredactum (Viscaceae). Acta Bot. 

Mexicana 96: 7-9. [A short note comparing the isophasic 

nature of growth in this mistletoe to other parasites 

where this has also evolved (e.g. Arceuthobium, 

Pilostyles, etc.).] 

Kuijt, Job. 2012. Viscaceae, in: Baldwin, B.G., Goldman, 

D.H., Keil, D.J., Patterson, R. and Rosatti T.J. (eds.) 

Jepson's Manual, 2nd. edition. University of California 

Press, Berkeley & Los Angeles, pp. 1275-1278. [The 

book, published in January, complements the Jepson 

Online Interchange and the Jepson eFlora. Herein 

Viscaceae includes Arceuthobium (12 spp.), 

Phoradendron (7 spp.), and Viscum (1 sp.).] 

Kuijt, Job. 2012. Reinstatement and expansion of the genus 

Peristethium Tiegh. (Loranthaceae). Annals of the 

Missouri Bot. Garden 98(4): 542-577. [Generic 

boundaries in the neotropical small-flowered loranths are 

further redefined. The genus Peristethium Tiegh. is 

resurrected and now includes 15 mistletoe species, ten of 

which were formerly classified in Struthanthus and 

Cladocolea.] 

Kulkarni, C.R., Joglekar, M.M., Patil, S.B. and Arvindekar, 

A.U. 2012. Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic 

effect of Santalum album in streptozotocin induced 

diabetic rats. Pharmaceutical Biology 50(3): 360-365. 

[Concluding that S. album pet ether fraction has potential 

antihyperlipidemic activity that can help in overcoming 

insulin resistance.] 

Kutyna, I., Drewniak, E. and Młynkowiak, E. 2012. (Plant 

communities within xerothermic and psammophilous 

grasslands on the edge of the Oder river valley in 

Owczary.) (in Polish) Folia Pomeranae Universitatis 

Technologiae Stetinensis, Agricultura, Alimentaria, 

Piscaria et Zootechnica 293(21): 61-88. [Referring to 

Orobanche lutea under strict protection and Thesium 

linophyllum in danger of extinction (in Poland).] 

Lamont, B.B., Downes, K.S., Lawes, M.J. and Clarke, P.J. 

2011. Fire-stimulated flowering among resprouters and 

geophytes in Australia and South Africa. Plant Ecology 

212(12): 2111-2125. [Including reference to mistletoes 

unspecified in the abstract.] 

Lebesa, L.N., Khan, Z.R., Krüger, K., Bruce, T.J.A., 

Hassanali, A. and Pickett, J.A. 2012. Farmers' 

knowledge and perceptions of blister beetles, Hycleus


spp. (Coleoptera: Meloidae), as pest herbivores of 

Desmodium legumes in western Kenya. International 

Journal of Pest Management 58(2): 165-174. [Hycleus 

spp. reported to be important pests of Desmodium spp. 

by 75% of farmers in western Kenya (relevant to the use 

of Desmodium in control of Striga spp.). They also 

attack sweet potato.] 

Lee MengShiou, Chen ChaoJung, Wan Lei, Koizumi, A., 

Chang WenTe, Yang MengJa, Lin WenHsin, Tsai 

FuuJen and Lin MingKuem. 2011. Quercetin is 

increased in heat-processed Cuscuta campestris seeds, 

which enhances the seed's anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative 

activities. Process Biochemistry 46(12): 

2248-2254. [Showing that the process of ‘stir-baking’ 

seeds of C. campestris increased levels of quercetin in 

the seeds and also increased anti-inflammatory and 

antiproliferative activities.] 

Lee YunMi, Kim YoungSook, Lee YoungSeop, Kim 

JungHyun, Sun Hang, Kim JooHwan and Kim JinSook. 

2012. Inhibitory activities of pancreatic lipase and 

phosphodiesterase from Korean medicinal plant extracts. 

Phytotherapy Research 26(5): 778-782. [Viscum album 

(whole plant) exhibited antilipase activity.] 

Lemaitre, A.B., Troncoso, A.J. and Niemeyer, H.M. 2012. 

Host preference of a temperate mistletoe: disproportional 

infection on three co-occurring host species influenced 

by differential success. Austral Ecology 37(3): 339-345. 

[Discussing differences in the establishment of Tristerix 

verticillatus on hosts Schinus montanus, Fabiana 

imbricata and Berberis montana in Chile, depending on 

the seed source and behaviour of the bird disperser 

Mimus thenca.] 

Li AiRong, Smith, S.E., Smith, F.A. and Guan KaiYun. 

2012. Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi 

suppresses initiation of haustoria in the root hemiparasite 

Pedicularis tricolor. Annals of Botany 109(6): 1075- 

1080. [AM fungi had strong and direct suppressive 

effects on haustorium formation in P. tricolor in the 

presence or absence of host plants.] 

Li Jing, Deng ShuYong and Wang JianHong. 2011. 

(Extracting technology of total flavonoids from China 

Dodder by uni-form design method.) (in Chinese) 

Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese 

Medicine 13(11): 53-54. [The optimal conditions for 

extraction from Cuscuta chinensis include extraction 

time of 60 min, temperature 80°C, ratio between solid 

and fluid 1:100 and concentration of ethanol 52%.] 

Li TeMao, Huang HsinChih, Su ChenMing, Ho TinYun, 

Wu ChiMing, Chen WenChi, Fong YiChin and Tang 

ChihHsin. 2012. Cistanche deserticola extract increases 

bone formation in osteoblasts. Journal of Pharmacy and 

Pharmacology 64(6): 897-907. [Concluding that C. 

deserticola extract may be a novel bone formation agent 

for the treatment of osteoporosis.] 

Lin HuiBin, Lu Ning and Lin JianQiang. 2012. (Influence of 

different hosts on quality in Semen Cuscutae.) (in 

Chinese) China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 

and Pharmacy 27(3): 625-627. [Analysing 19 different 

samples of Semen Cuscutae based on Cuscuta spp. 

including C. chinensis and concluding that content of 

flavonoids varies according to the host on which the 

Cuscuta has grown.] 

Liu MeiJie and 12 others. 2012. Therapeutic effects of radix 

dipsaci, pyrola herb, and cynomorium songaricum on 

bone metabolism of ovariectomized rats. BMC 

Complementary and Alternative Medicine 12: 67. 

[Results support the use of C. songaricum extract as an 

alternative therapeutic agent for postmenopausal 

osteoporosis.] 

Liu Wei, and 15 others. 2011. Strigolactone biosynthesis in 

Medicago truncatula and rice requires the symbiotic 

GRAS-type transcription factors NSP1 and NSP2., Plant 

Cell 23(10): 3853-3865. [NODULATION SIGNALING 

PATHWAY1 (NSP1) and NSP2 are transcription factors 

that are essential for rhizobium Nod factor-induced 

nodulation. Using transgenic lines, the authors show that 

NSP1 and NSP2 are indispensable for strigolactone (SL) 

biosynthesis in Medicago truncatula and in rice. The 

disturbed SL 

biosynthesis in nsp1 nsp2 mutant backgrounds correlates 

with reduced expression of DWARF27, a gene essential 

for SL biosynthesis.] 

lo Gullo, M.A., Glatzel, G., Devkota, M., Raimondo, F., 

Trifilò, P. and Richter, H. 2012. Mistletoes and mutant 

albino shoots on woody plants as mineral nutrient traps. 

Annals of Botany 109(6): 1101-1109. [Showing that the 

higher levels of potassium, sulphur and zinc in Scurrula 

elata compared with those in the hosts Citrus sinensis 

and Nerium oleander (as in albino shoots of the latter) is 

due to the lack of phloem loading (and hence export 

from the foliage) rather than any selective transport via 

the haustorium.] 

Lobo, R., Vijay Sodde, Nipun Dashora, Nilesh Gupta and 

Prabhu Kirti. 2011. Quantification of flavonoid and 

phenol content from Macrosolen parasiticus (L.) 

Danser. Journal of Natural Product and Plant Resources 

1(4): 96-99. [Measuring total phenolic and flavonoid 

contents of M. parasiticus ‘an important plant in the 

Indian system of medicine’.] 

Lombardo, S., Longo, A. M G., lo Monaco, A. and 

Mauromicale, G. 2012. The effect of soil solarization 

and fumigation on pests and yields in greenhouse 

tomatoes. Crop Protection 37: 59-64. [Solarization was 

‘particularly valuable’ for the suppression of Orobanche 

ramosa in tomato.] 

Lu TzuLi, Chuang JingYuan, Yang JaiSing, Chiu ShauTing, 

Hsiao NaiWan, Wu MeiChen, Wu ShihHsiung and Hsu 

ChingHsiang. 2011. Production of active 

nonglycosylated recombinant B-chain of type-2 

ribosome-inactivating protein from Viscum articulatum 

and its biological effects on peripheral blood 

mononuclear cells. Evidence-based Complementary and 

Alternative Medicine 2011: Article ID 283747, 9 pp. 

[Type-2 ribosome-inactivating proteins are composed of 

a toxic A-chain and lectin-like B-chain. This study


confirms the B-chain fragment as a potential 

immunomodulator.] 

Ma YongQing, Dong ShuQi, Ren XiangXiang, An Yu and 

Lang Ming 2012. (Parasitic weed Orobanche spp. and 

perspective of its control methods.) (in Chinese) Chinese 

Journal of Biological Control 28(1): 133-138. [A general 

review with emphasis on the use of trap and catch crops.] 

Ma YongQing, Lang Ming, Dong ShuQi, Shui JunFeng and 

Zhao JunXin. 2012. Screening of some cotton varieties 

for allelopathic potential on clover broomrape 

germination. Agronomy Journal 104(3): 569-574. 

[Describing varied activity (allelopathic apparently 

meaning stimulatory) of exudates from 6 varieties of 

cotton (G. hirsutum and G. barbadense) on Orobanche 

minor germination and confirming that the activity of 

extracts from the stem correlated with those from roots.] 

Ma YongQing, Zhang Wei, Dong ShuQi, Ren XiangXiang, 

An Yu and Lang Ming. 2012. Induction of seed 

germination in Orobanche spp. by extracts of traditional 

Chinese medicinal herbs. Science China Life Sciences 

55(3): 250-260. [Many species among 606 medicinal 

herbs stimulated germination of O. cumana, O. 

aegyptiaca and O. minor.] 

Maguire, A.J. and Menges, E.S. 2011. Post-fire growth 

strategies of resprouting Florida scrub vegetation. Fire 

Ecology 7(3): 12-25. [Including data on recovery of 

Ximenia americana from fire.] 

McPherson, S. 2012. Rafflesia: spectacular giants. 

Plantsman 11(1): 48-53. [The species of Rafflesia and 

their distribution, plant structure, growth cycle, habitat, 

conservation and cultivation are described.] 

Madhulika Bhagat and Saxena, A.K. 2011. In vitro antiproliferative, 

anti-bacterial potential and induction of 

DNA strand break of partially purified Cuscuta reflexa 

Roxb. International Journal of Green Pharmacy 5(4): 

307-313. 

Małecki, P.H., Rypniewski, W., Szyman´ski, M., 

Barciszewski, J. and Meyer, A. 2012. Binding of the 

plant hormone kinetin in the active site of Mistletoe 

Lectin I from Viscum album. Biochimica et Biophysica 

Acta, Proteins & Proteomics 1824(2): 334-338. 

Mallory-Smith, C. and Colquhoun, J. 2012. Small 

broomrape (Orobanche minor) in Oregon and the 3 Rs: 

regulation, research, and reality. Weed Science 60(2) 

277-282. [Infestations of O. minor occurred in 22 fields 

of red clover in 2001 and quarantine regulations were 

imposed, but then relaxed in 2003. Control is achieved 

using false host crops and imazamox but some small 

populations still occur. (see also Haustorium 59 pp 2-3).] 

Mamontova, V.A. 2012. (New species of aphids of the 

family Lachnidae (Homoptera, Aphidoidea) from 

Ukraine and Russia.) Vestnik Zoologii 46(1): 37-44. 

[Describing Trama orobanches presumably occurring on 

Orobanche spp.?] 

Martin, L.L., Friedman, C.R. and Smith, R.G. 2011. Callus 

culture of Arceuthobium americanum Nutt. ex Englem. 

and explant response to varying auxin and cytokinin 

concentrations. Journal of Plant Tissue Culture and 

Biotechnology (PTC&B) 21(1): 1-10. [A. americanum 

successfully cultured in White’s medium. Manipulation 

of growth regulators show greater sensitivity to IAA 

than to cytokinin, suggesting reduced cytokinin 

sensitivity, consistent with the tendency for pariasitic 

plants to secrete high levels of cytokinin.] 

Matsuda, Y., Okochi, S., Katayama, T., Yamada, A. and Ito, 

S. 2011. Mycorrhizal fungi associated with 

Monotropastrum humile (Ericaceae) in central Japan. 

Mycorrhiza 21(6): 569-576. [Results indicate that the 

genetic diversity of mycorrhizal fungi of M. humile was 

highly specific to the Russulaceae, but diverse within 

that family, and that the fungi associated with M. humile 

differ from those associated with Monotropa uniflora.] 

Matsuo, Y. and Mimaki, Y. 2012. α-santalol derivatives 

from Santalum album and their cytotoxic activities. 

Phytochemistry 77: 304-311. [Seven derivatives 

identified including one with tumour-selective 

cytotoxicity.] 

Mehrvarz, S.S., Shavvon, R.S. and Golmohammadi, N. 

2012. Notes on the genus Viscum (Viscaceae) in Iran: a 

new combination based on morphological evidence. 

African Journal of Agricultural Research 7(11): 1694- 

1702. [Describing a new taxon: V. album subsp. 

golestanicum. The seed and fruit surfaces in V. album 

subsp. album are smooth while respectively wrinkled 

and furnished with platelet crystalloid ornamentations in 

the population from Golestan forest. Also the prophylls 

are two at the axils of each leaf in the former but four in 

the latter.] 

Mei QiWen, Zhang XinHua and Ma GuoHua. 2011. 

(Influence of rhizospheric pH value of host on growth of 

Indian sandalwood and preference to host.) (in Chinese) 

Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany 19(6): 565- 

570. [Comparing the rhizospheric pH values of 61 hosts 

of S. album and concluding that the optimum for S. 

album is pH 5.5.] 

Menkir, A., Franco, J., Adpoju, A. and Bossey, B. 2012. 

Evaluating consistency of resistance reactions of openpollinated 

maize cultivars to Striga hermonthica (Del.) 

Benth under artificial infestation. Crop Science 52(3): 

1051-1060. [Performance of 8 maize varieties compared 

over two sites over 5-6 years. ‘The resistant cultivars had 

low average ranks for grain yield under infestation (i.e. 

yielded well?), Striga damage rating, and emerged Striga 

plant count whereas the reverse was true for both the 

tolerant and susceptible cultivars. Cultivars with stable 

resistance, which can be used directly for cultivation or 

as sources of resistance alleles for breeding, were 

identified in this study.’] 

Mignouna, D.B., Manyong, V.M., Rusike, J., Mutabazi, 

K.D.S., Senkondo, E.M., Wesseler, J.; Aerni, P. 2011. 

Determinants of adopting imazapyr-resistant maize 

technologies and its impact on household income in 

western Kenya. AgBioForum 14(3): 158-163. [Results 

of the survey confirm that the use of IRM for Striga 

control is a reasonable means to raise small-farm income


and reduce poverty in maize farming households. But 

noting that uptake continues to be low.] 

Mohammed Rahmatullah, Azam, M.N.K., Zubaida Khatun, 

Syeda Seraj, Farhana Islam, Rahman, M.A., Sharmin 

Jahan and Aziz, M.S. 2012. Medicinal plants used for 

treatment of diabetes by the Marakh sect of the Garo 

tribe living in Mymensingh District, Bangladesh. African 

Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative 

Medicines 9(3): 380-385. [Cuscuta reflexa among plants 

used traditionally for treatment of diabetes.] 

Morales, J.M., Rivarola, M.D., Amico, G. and Carlo, T.A. 

2012. Neighborhood effects on seed dispersal by 

frugivores: testing theory with a mistletoe-marsupial 

system in Patagonia. Ecology 93(4): 741-748. [A study 

on Tristerix corymbosus (Loranthaceae). Concluding 

that, as predicted by theory, plants in denser 

neighborhoods had greater fruit removal and shorter 

mean dispersal distances than more isolated plants.] 

Moreno-Escobar, J.A., Bazaldúa, S., Villarreal, M.L., 

Bonilla-Barbosa, J.R., Mendoza, S. and Rodríguez- 

López, V. 2011. Cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of 

selected Lamiales species from Mexico. Pharmaceutical 

Biology 49(12): 1243-1248. [An extract from 

Pedicularis mexicana displayed ‘remarkably selective 

cytotoxic activity.’] 

Moustapha, B., Gutiérrez-Avella, D.M., Fuentes-Ordaz, R., 

Castañeda-Moreno, R. and Martínez, M. 2011. Chemical 

constituents of the Mexican mistletoe (Psittacanthus 

calyculatus). Molecules 16(11): 9397-9403. [Identifying 

gallic acid, two flavonol-3-biosides and the non-protein 

amino acid N-methyl-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline in 

extracts of P. calyculatus growing on Prosopsis 

laevigata.] 

Munson, S.M., Webb, R.H., Belnap, J., Hubbard, J.A., 

Swann, D.E. and Rutman, S. 2012. Forecasting climate 

change impacts to plant community composition in the 

Sonoran Desert region. Global Change Biology 18(3): 

1083-1095. [In the most xeric shrublands, the 

codominant species Larrea tridentata and its 

hemiparasite Krameria grayi decreased with a decrease 

in cool season precipitation and increased aridity, 

respectively.] 

Murage, A.W., Obare, G., Chianu, J., Amudavi, D.M., 

Midega, C.A.O., Pickett, J.A. and Khan, Z.R. 2012.The 

effectiveness of dissemination pathways on adoption of 

"push-pull" technology in western Kenya. Quarterly 

Journal of International Agriculture 51(1): 51-71. [A 

survey of 491 farmers using Desmodium for control of 

Striga hermonthica suggested that field days, farmer 

field schools and farmer teachers were effective in 

promoting the technique, in that order.] 

Murali, M., Puneetha, G.K., Thriveni, M.C., Niranjan, M.H., 

Shivamurthy, G.R., Niranjana, S.R., Prakash, H.S. and 

Amruthesh, K.N. 2011. Phytochemical screening and 

antioxidant activity of hemi-parasitic Indian mistletoe 

Viscum nepalense Sprengel. Journal of Pharmacy 

Research 4(10): 3348-3350. [Describing a range of 

components found in V. nepalense growing on Cassia 

fistula.] 

Murray-Hudson, M., Combs, F., Wolski, P. and Brown, 

M.T. 2011. A vegetation-based hierarchical 

classification for seasonally pulsed floodplains in the 

Okavango Delta, Botswana. African Journal of Aquatic 

Science 36(3): 223-234. [Noting Cycnium tubulosum 

among components of the flora in ‘Seasonal Aquatic 

Communities’.] 

Nan YaYun, Wang ZongRen, Lu ZiFan, Liu ManLi, Ma 

Liang, Li Rui and Ma Jing. 2012. (Expression of 

P450arom CYP19 gonadal hormone levels and influence 

of the number of spermium in the testis of infertile rats 

with kidney-yang deficiency after treated by extractive 

of Cuscuta.) (in Chinese) Journal of Liaoning University 

of Traditional Chinese Medicine 14(2): 20-25. [Cuscuta 

?chinensis useful in treatment of infertility in rats with 

kidney-yang deficiency?] 

Nautiyal, O.H. 2010. Subcritical carbon dioxide and 

conventional extractiontechniques of sandalwood oil: an 

industry project. Sandalwood Research Newsletter 25: 5- 

7. 

Ndambi, B., Cadisch, G., Elzein, A. and Heller, A. 2012. 

Tissue specific reactions of sorghum roots to the 

mycoherbicide Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. strigae versus 

the pathogenic F. proliferatum. Biocontrol Science and 

Technology 22(2): 135-150. [Confirming that the safety 

of F. oxysporum f. sp. strigae (‘Foxy 2') as a biocontrol 

agent against Striga spp. in sorghum is due to its lack of 

ability to penetrate and/or spread within the central stele, 

associated with enhanced levels of phenolics in the host 

tissue, which do not occur with F. proliferatum which 

freely penetrates and damages the sorghum.] 

Nelson, D.C., Flematti, G.R., Ghisalberti, E.L., Dixon, K.W. 

and Smith, S.M. 2012. Regulation of seed germination 

and seedling growth by chemical signals from burning 

vegetation. Annual Review of Plant Biology 63: 107- 

130. [A general review of karrikins, a family of 

butenolides that are present in smoke. Karrikins 

stimulate seed germination and influence seedling 

growth. They are also active in species not normally 

associated with fire, and in Arabidopsis they require the 

F-box protein MAX2, which also controls responses to 

strigolactone hormones. The authors hypothesize that 

chemical similarity between karrikins and strigolactones 

provided the opportunity for plants to employ a common 

signal transduction pathway to respond to both types of 

compound.] 

Nethathe, B.B. and Ndip, R.N. 2011. Bioactivity of 

Hydnora africana on selected bacterial pathogens: 

preliminary phytochemical screening. African Journal of 

Microbiology Research 5(18): 2820-2826. [Confirming 

the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins 

and steroids with potential therapeutic activity in extracts 

of H. africana that could justify their traditional use for 

treatment of diarrhoea, dysentery, and kidney and 

bladder complaints.]


Nhat Hao Tran Le, Malterud, K.E., Diallo, D., Paulsen, B.S., 

Nergård, C.S. and Wangensteen, H. 2012. Bioactive 

polyphenols in Ximenia americana and the traditional 

use among Malian healers. Journal of 

Ethnopharmacology 139(3): 858-862. [A range of 

compounds identified which could provide the rationale 

for the traditional use of X. americana against throat 

infections, amenorrhea, as a tonic, for wound healing and 

against pain.] 

Nickrent, D.L. 2012. Justification for subspecies in 

Arceuthobium campylopodum (Viscaceae). Phytoneuron 

51: 1-11. [13 taxa previously considered species in 

section Campylopoda were considered ecotypes of A. 

campylopodum; these entities are treated 

nomenclaturally as subspecies.] 

Njunge, J.T. and Mugo, J.M. 2011. Composition and 

succession of the woody flora of South Nandi Forest, 

Kenya. Research Journal of Botany 6(3): 112-121. 

[Observing that Croton megalocarpus currently the most 

dominant top canopy species is losing dominance to 

other species including Strombosia scheffleri 

(Olacaceae).] 

Nwaigwe, C.U., Madubunyi, I.I., Udem, S.C. and Nwaigwe, 

C.O. 2012. Methanolic root extract of Olax viridis 

protects the liver against acetaminophen-induced liver 

damage. Journal of Medicinal Plant 6(5): 395-405. 

Nwankwo, N.E. and Cemaluk, E.A.C. 2011. Phytochemical 

and antimicrobial activity of petroleum ether extract of 

the African Mistletoe (Loranthus micranthus Linn) 

leaves. International Research Journal of Pharmacy and 

Pharmacology 1(9): 211-214. [Showing antimicrobial 

activity of extracts of L. micranthus (= Ileostylus 

micranthus) parasitic on Kola acuminata in Nsukka, 

Eastern Nigeria.] 

Oja, T. and Talve, T. 2012. Genetic diversity and 

differentiation in six species of the genus Rhinanthus 

(Orobanchaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 

298(5): 901-911. [Detailed isozyme studies on R. 

rumelicus, R. osiliensis, R. wagneri, R. alectorolophus, 

and R. angustifolius from sect. Cleistolemus and R. 

minor from sect. Rhinanthus ‘call into question the 

monophyly of section Cleistolemus and the taxonomic 

position of R. alectorolophus.’] 

Omeje, E.O., Osadebe, P.O., Nworu, C.S., Nwodo, J.N., 

Obonga, W.O., Kawamura, A., Esimone, C.O. and 

Proksch, P. 2011. A novel sesquiterpene acid and an 

alkaloid from leaves of the Eastern Nigeria mistletoe, 

Loranthus micranthus with potent immunostimulatory 

activity on C57BL6 mice splenocytes and CD69 

molecule. Pharmaceutical Biology 49(12): 1271-1276. 

[Identifying lupinine and a novel sesquiterpene in 

extracts of L. micranthus (= Ileostylus micranthus) 

which could be responsible in part, for the 

immunostimulatory activities already established for this 

Eastern Nigeria species.] 

Omoigui, L.O., Ishiyaku, M.F., Ousmane, B., Gowda, B.S. 

and Timko, M.P. 2011. Application of fast technology 

for analysis (FTA) for sampling and recovery of 

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) for molecular 

characterization of cowpea breeding lines for Striga 

resistance. African Journal of Biotechnology 10(85): 

19681-19686. [Demonstrating that the application of 

marker-assisted selection using FTA technology can 

speed up the breeding process and increase the 

efficiency of breeding activities.] 

Omoigui, L.O., Kamara, A.Y., Ishiyaku, M.F. and Boukar, 

O. 2012. Comparative responses of cowpea breeding 

lines to Striga and Alectra in the dry savanna of 

northeast Nigeria. African Journal of Agricultural 

Research 7(5): 747-754. [Confirming resistance of B301, 

IT03K-338-1 and IT99K-573-2-1 to both S. gesnerioides 

and A. vogelii while IT98K-1092-1 and IT97K-205-8 

resisted S. gesnerioides but allowed some attack by A. 

vogelii.] 

Osadebe, P.O., Abba, C.C. and Agbo, M.O. 2012. 

Antimotility effects of extracts and fractions of Eastern 

Nigeria mistletoe (Loranthus micranthus Linn). Asian 

Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 5(7): 556-560. 

[Inhibition in gastrointestinal transit was greater in 

extracts of ‘L. micranthus’ (= Ileostylus micranthus) 

growing on Pentacletra macrophylla than on 5 other 

host trees.] 

Padrón Soroa, J.V. 2005. Regional regulated invasive plant 

species, an approach to the Cuban list. XVII Congreso 

de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Malezas (ALAM) I 

Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencia de las Malezas, IV 

Congreso Nacional de Ciencia de Malezas, Matanzas, 

Cuba, 8 al 11 de noviembre del 2005:17-30. [Listing 

regulated invasive weeds for Mexico, Florida U.S.A., 

Cuba, Chile, Costa Rica and Brazil. Striga listed in all, 

Orobanche and Cuscuta in all but Brazil, and, for Cuba, 

Cassytha spp., Phoradendron robustissimum and 

Psittacanthus calyculathus.] 

Parada Quintero, M. 2012. (Comparative analysis of seed 

rain of Gaiadendron punctatum (Ruiz & Pavón) G. Don 

(Loranthaceae) y Ternstroemia meridionalis Mutis ex 

L.f. (Theaceae) at Natural Municipal Park Rancheria 

(Boyacá), Colombia.) (in Spanish) Acta Biológica 

Colombiana 17(1): 159-172. [Recording that G. 

punctatum had the higher seed rain of 169/m 2 ] 

Park KwanHa and Choi SangHoon. 2012. The effect of 

mistletoe, Viscum album coloratum, extract on innate 

immune response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis 

niloticus). Fish & Shellfish Immunology 32(6): 1016- 

1021. [Suggesting that V. album extract enhances 

immunity in tilapia, increasing its resistance to bacterial 

infection by A. hydrophila.] 

Parker, C. 2012. Parasitic weeds: a world challenge. Weed 

Science 60(2): 269-276. [The continuing problems from 

Striga, Orobanche, Cuscuta and mistletoes species are 

outlined, including their extent, the degrees of damage 

caused, and the difficulties in their control. While some 

are being successfully controlled by a range of 

techniques, others may even be spreading or 

intensifying. The challenges they present are 

emphasised. (see also Haustorium 59 pp 2-3).]


Parvathy, M., Anupama, C. and Balasundaran, M. 2011. 

Molecular characterization of the differences between 

Santalum album L. and its adulterant, Osyris wightiana 

Wall. ex Wight using RAPD markers. Journal of Non- 

Timber Forest Products 18(2): 91-94. [Successfully 

applying RAPD markers to distinguish between S. album 

and O. wightiana (Santalaceae).] 

Pattanayak, S.P., Mazumder, P.M. and Sunita, P. 2012. 

Total phenolic content, flavonoid content and in vitro 

antioxidant activities of Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) 

Ettingsh. Research Journal of Medicinal Plant 6(2): 136- 

148. [Results indicate that D. falcata extracts can be a 

potential source of natural antioxidant with strong 

antiradical capacity.] 

Paulino, R.da C., Henriques, G.P.de S.A., Moura, O.N.S. 

Coelho, M. de F.II and Azevedo, R.A.B. 2012. 

Medicinal plants at the Sítio do Gois, Apodi, Rio Grande 

do Norte State, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de 

Farmacognosia 22(1): 29-39. [Ximenia americana 

among the 4 most frequently quoted medicinal plants in 

the region.] 

Pawar, B.T. 2011. Antifungal activity of some stem extracts 

against seed-borne pathogenic fungi. Journal of 

Phytology 3(12): 49-51. [Failing to show any anti-fungal 

activity from extracts of Santalum album] 

Pérez-Gutiérrez, S., Sánchez-Mendoza, E., Martínez- 

González, D., Zavala-Sánchez, M.A. and Pérez- 

González, C. 2012. Kramecyne - a new antiinflammatory 

compound isolated from Krameria 

cytisoides. Molecules 1(2): 2049-2057. [Kramecyne 

exhibited good anti-inflammatory activity against 

oedema in mouse and rat.] 

Péron, T., Véronési, C., Mortreau, E., Pouvreau, J.B., 

Thoiron, S., Leduc, N., Delavault, P. and Simier, P. 

2012. Role of the sucrose synthase encoding PrSus1 

gene in the development of the parasitic plant 

Phelipanche ramosa L. (Pomel). Molecular Plant- 

Microbe Interactions 25(3): 402-411. [Highlighting the 

role of PrSus1 in the utilization of host-derived sucrose 

in meristematic areas and in cellulose biosynthesis in P. 

aegyptiaca and showing evidence that its activity in 

xylem maturation is controlled by host-derived auxin.] 

Pervin, M., Paeng, N., Yasui, K., Imai, S., Isemura, M., 

Yokogoshi, H. and Nakayama, T. 2012. Effects of Lens 

culinaris agglutinin on gene expression of gluconeogenic 

enzymes in the mouse intestine. Journal of the Science of 

Food and Agriculture 92(4): 857-861. [Concluding that 

lectin from V. album given intragastrically affected 

cytokine gene expression in the mouse intestine in such a 

way as to increase the risk of colon cancer.] 

Petcu, E., Joiţa-Pacureanu, M., Emilia, P., Năstase, D. and 

Pricop, S. 2011. (Testing of sunflower hybrids against 

new broomrape races (Orobanche cumana Wallr.).) (in 

Romanian) Analele Institutului Naţional de Cercetare- 

Dezvoltare Agricolă Fundulea 79(1):171-179. 

[Reviewing the programme of breeding for sunflower 

resistance to O. cumana and reporting the outbreak in 

2008 of a virulent race of the parasite in Romania 

overcoming all sources of resistance so far.] 

Petcu, E. and Pâcureanu, J.M. 2011. Developing drought 

and broomrape resistant sunflower germplasm utilizing 

wild Helianthus species. Helia 34(54): 1-8. [Describing a 

breeding programme involving crosses between 

sunflower and the wild species Helianthus argophyllus 

and H. maximiliani aimed at developing resistance to 

Orobanche cumana and to drought.] 

Pieme, C.A., Ngogang, J. and Costache, M. 2012. In vitro 

antiproliferative and anti-oxidant activities of methanol 

extracts of Urena lobata and Viscum album against 

breast cancer cell lines. Toxicological and 

Environmental Chemistry 94(5): 987-999. [V. album 

extracts demonstrated significant antiproliferative and 

antioxidant properties on MB-MDA435 cell lines.] 

Piwowarczyk, R. 2012. A revision of distribution and 

historical analysis of preferred hosts of Orobanche 

ramosa (Orobanchaceae) in Poland. Acta Agrobotanica 

65(1): 53-62. 

Piwowarczyk, R. 2011. Orobanche mayeri (Suess. & 

Ronniger) Bertsch & F. Bertsch - a species new to 

Poland. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 80(3): 

179-183. [Two new records of O. mayeri reported from 

the Pieniny Mts in southern Poland.] 

Piwowarczyk, R. 2012. A revision of distribution and the 

ecological description of Orobanche picridis 

(Orobanchaceae) at the NE limit of its geographical 

range from Poland and Ukraine. Acta Agrobotanica 

65(1): 91-106. [Reporting two new localities for O. 

ramosa in Poland.] 

Plakhine, D., Tadmor, Y., Ziadne, H. and Joel, D.M. 2012. 

Maternal tissue is involved in stimulant reception by 

seeds of the parasitic plant Orobanche. Annals of Botany 

109(5): 979-986. [In an elegant experiment the authors 

show that the dependence on external chemical 

stimulation for seed germination in Orobanche seeds is 

genetically controlled. The genetic control is expressed 

in a seed tissue with maternal origin (presumably the 

perisperm that originates from the nucellus) and genetic 

variation for this trait exists in Orobanche species.] 

Pouteau, R., Meyer, J.Y., Taputuarai, R. and Stoll, B. 2012. 

Support vector machines to map rare and endangered 

native plants in Pacific islands forests. Ecological 

Informatics 9: 37-46. [Concerning the distribution of 

Santalum insulare var. raiateense on the island of 

Moorea (French Polynesia, South Pacific).] 

Preston, A.L., An Min and Watson, D.M. 2010. Chemical 

profile differences in endemic parasitic weeds: a study of 

host-parasite chemical profiles in select mistletoe and 

eucalypt species. 17th Australasian weeds conference. 

In: Zydenbos, S.M. (Ed.) New frontiers in New Zealand: 

together we can beat the weeds. Christchurch, New 

Zealand, 26-30 September, 20103: 73-374. [Content of 

essential oils in Amyema pendula and A. miquelii 

showed little variation across a range of Eucalyptus 

hosts. A. quandang yielded no oil, perhaps due to it 

being restricted to Acacia hopsts?]


Pricop, S.M., Cristea, S. and Petcu, E. 2011. Results on the 

virulence of the Orobanche cumana Wallr. populations 

in Dobrogea, Romania. Romanian Agricultural Research 

28: 237-242. [O. cumana is serious in sunflower in SE 

Romania and tending to spread to the west, while 

virulence is increasing with evidence for races F and G, 

and hybrid PR64E71 (race G resistant) also showing 

some limited attack. The susceptible variety Performer 

shows 37% yield loss.] 

Rahmawati, S.I. and Hayashi, N. 2012. The effects of batch 

reactor extraction on antioxidant activity from Scurulla 

atropurpurea. American Journal of Applied Sciences 

9(3): 337-342. [Optimum ‘batch reactor extraction’ from 

Scurrula atropurpurea was with 30% ethanol at 100°C 

for 10 min. giving better results than a traditional extract 

(known as ‘benalu teh’ in Indonesia) in terms of yield, 

radical scavenging activities and total phenolics.] 

Rai, I.D., Adhikari, B.S., Rawat, G.S. and Kiran Bargali. 

2012. Community structure along timberline ecotone in 

relation to micro-topography and disturbances in 

Western Himalaya. Notulae Scientia Biologicae 4(2): 41- 

52. [Noting occurrence of Balanophora involucrata at 

the timberline in Uttarakhand, NW India.] 

Raka Kamal, Sunita Yadav, Manas Mathur and Pawan 

Katariya. 2012. Antiradical efficiency of 20 selected 

medicinal plants. Natural Product Research 26(11): 

1054-1062. [Including results for Santalum album.] 

Ramasamy Harikrishnan, Chellam Balasundaram and Heo 

MoonSoo. 2012. Korean mistletoe enriched diet 

enhances innate immune response in kelp grouper, 

Epinephelus bruneus against Philasterides dicentrarchi. 

Veterinary Parasitology 183(1/2) 146-151. [Confirming 

that a 1 or 2% supplementation of the diet of the fish E. 

bruneus with extract of Viscum album positively 

enhances the innate immune response against infection 

by the histophagous ciliate P. dicentrarchi.] 

Ramírez-Cisneros, M.Á., Rios, M.Y., Déciga-Campos, M. 

and Aguilar-Guadarrama, A.B. 2012. Phytochemical 

study and anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and free 

radical scavenger evaluations of Krameria pauciflora 

methanol extract. Molecules 17(1): 861-872. [Extracts of 

K. pauciflora exhibited radical scavenger activity 

supporting their traditional use as an anti-inflammatory. 

Anti-diabetic effects were less clear-cut.] 

Ramsfield, T.D., Shamoun, S.F. and van der Kamp, B.J. 

2012. Histopathology of the endophytic system and 

aerial shoots of Arceuthobium americanum infected by 

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Botany 90(1): 43-49. 

[Failing to confirm that C. gloeosporioides infected the 

endophytic system of A. americanum parasitizing P. 

contorta var. latifolia, although xylem continuity 

between the aerial and endophytic systems was 

observed.] 

Ransom, J., Kanampiu, F., Gressel, J., de Groote, H., 

Burnet, M. and Odhiambo, G. 2012. Herbicide applied to 

imidazolinone resistant-maize seed as a Striga control 

option for small-scale African farmers. Weed Science 

60(2): 283-289. [Reporting that imazapyr- and 

pyrithiobac-coated imidazolinone-resi stant (IR)- 

resistant maize seed prior to planting, at rates of 30 to 45 

g/ha can provide near season long control of S. 

hermonthica and increase maize yields three- to fourfold 

under ideal conditions, but may be less successful under 

excessively wet or dry conditions. Risk of herbicide 

resistance developing in the parasite is discussed. (see 

also Haustorium 59 pp 2-3).] 

Rawsthorne, J., Watson, D.M. and Roshier, D.A. 2012. The 

restricted seed rain of a mistletoe specialist. Journal of 

Avian Biology 43(1): 9-14. [Concluding that the 

specialist mistletoe bird Dicaeum hirundinaceum 

intensifies infestations of Amyema preissii locally but is 

not responsible for long-distance dispersal.] 

Reinhardt, C.F. and Tesfamichael, N. 2011. Nitrogen in 

combination with Desmodium intortum effectively 

suppress Striga asiatica in a sorghum-Desmodium 

intercropping system. Journal of Agriculture and Rural 

Development in the Tropics and Subtropics 112(1): 19- 

28. [Apparently publishing results reported by 

Tesfamichael at IWSS Congress in Durban in 2004. Pot 

experiments confirmed that S. asiatica is suppressed by 

D. intortum, yet to be confirmed in the field.] 

Ruyter-Spira, C., Bouwmeester, H. 2012. Strigolactones 

affect development in primitive plants. The missing link 

between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi? New 

Phytologist 195(4): 730-733. [A commentary on Delaux 

et al. in the same issue – see above] 

*Rodrigues, A.G., Colwell, A.E.L., Stefanovic´, S. 2012. 

Development and characterization of polymorphic 

microsatellite markers for Conopholis americana 

(Orobanchaceae). American Journal of Botany 99(1): e4- 

e6. (http://www.amjbot.org/content/99/1/e4.long) 

[Identifying microsatellite markers of potential use in 

obtaining estimates of population-level genetic diversity 

and phylogeographic studies of C. americana.] 

Rodriguez-Cabal, M. A and Branch, L.C. 2011. Influence of 

habitat factors on the distribution and abundance of a 

marsupial seed disperser. Journal of Mammalogy 92(6): 

1245-1252. [Distribution of the marsupial Dromiciops 

gliroides in Patagonia is dictated primarily by the 

presence of bamboo, but secondarily by presence of its 

important food source, Tristerix corymbosus.] 

Roh HyunSik, Park KyeChung and Park ChungGyoo. 2012. 

Repellent effect of santalol from sandalwood oil against 

Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of 

Economic Entomology 105(2): 379-385’ [Among 34 

essential oils tested for repellency against T. urticae, 

only α- santalol and β-santalol, the main components of 

oil from unspecified Santalum sp., showed effective 

activity, lasting 5 hours.] 

Román, B., Die, J.V., Nadal, S. and González-Verdejo, C.I. 

2011. Broomrape (Orobanche spp.). In: Perez de la 

Vega, M., Torres, A.M., Cubero, J.I. and Kole, C. (eds) 

Genetics, genomics and breeding of cool season grain 

legumes, pp. 380-406. [Revieweing the progress, or lack 

of it, in breeding for resistance to Orobanche spp. and 

noting that molecular mapping of Orobanche-resistance


QTLs together with the development of MAS techniques 

are promising approaches to rapidly improving crop 

resistance.] 

Ronse, A. 2011. Stinsen plants and other deliberate 

introductions in the (semi-) natural zones of the Botanic 

Garden. In: Hoste, I. (Ed.) The spontaneous flora of the 

National Botanic Garden of Belgium (Domein van 

Bouchout, Meise), pp. 67-75. [Lathraea clandestina and 

Rhinanthus minor among species introduced to the 

Botanic Garden.] 

Rothe, S.P., Muratkar, G.D. and Kokate, U.R. 2011. 

Occurrence and diversity in host by Mistletoes from fire 

families in East Melghat Forest. Current Botany 2(9): 

19-21. [Recording a range of hosts for Macrosolen 

parasitica and Viscum articulatum. Also noting Scurrula 

parasitica, V. nepalense and V. articulatum as 

hyperparasites on Dendrophthoe falcata.] 

Rubiales, D. and Fernández-Aparicio, M. 2012. Innovations 

in parasitic weeds management in legume crops. A 

review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 32(2): 

433-449. [A general review with emphasis on resistant 

varieties and herbicides in the control of Orobanche 

spp.] 

Rubiales, D., Fernández-Aparicio, M. and Sillero, J.C. 2011. 

Broomrape. In: Chen, W., Sharma, H.C. and 

Muehlbauer, F.J. (eds) Compendium of chickpea and 

lentil diseases and pests. American Phytopathological 

Society (APS Press), St. Paul, USA: 94-97. [Reviewing 

the problems from Orobanche spp. in the two crops, O. 

crenata in lentil and winter-sown chickpea, O. foetida in 

chickpea in Tunisia, and O. aegyptiaca in both lentil and 

spring-sown chickpea. Control depends on integration of 

agronomic methods and imidazolinone herbicides. 

Varietal resistance not yet fully available in either crop.] 

Rubiales, D., Fernández-Aparicio, M. and Sillero, J.C. 2011. 

Dodder. In: Chen, W., Sharma, H.C. and Muehlbauer, 

F.J. (eds) Compendium of chickpea and lentil diseases 

and pests. American Phytopathological Society (APS 

Press), St. Paul, USA: 98. [Noting occasional occurrence 

of Cuscuta campestris in lentil and chickpea in the 

Mediterranean region. Control involves the use of clean 

seed, spot spraying with non-selective herbicide, 

selective herbicide pendimethalin in either crop; also 

pronamide or propyzamide in chickpea.] 

Rzedowski, J. and de Calderón Rzedowski, G. 2011. 

(Viscaceae.) (in Spanish) Flora del Bajío y de Regiones 

Adyacentes, Bulletin 170: 57 pp. [Describing six species 

of Arceuthobium (A. abietis-religiosae, A. gillii, A. gillii 

ssp. nigrum, A. pendens, A. vaginatum and A. globosum), 

and 20 species of Phoradendron (in Mexico).] 

Rzedowski, J., & G. Caldero'n de R. 2011. Dos especies 

notables de Phoradendron. (Viscaceae) de la Mixteca 

Oaxacaquen~a (Me'xico), una nueva y una 

complementada. Acta Bot. Mexicana 96: 3-10. 

[Phoradendron perredactum is described and is one of 

the most remarkable members the genus owing to its 

isophasic development on Bursera. The description of P. 

olae Kuijt is complemented with data on hosts and male 

plants.] 

Rzymowska, Z. and Skrajna, T. 2011. Associations and 

communities of cereal crops of the Łuków Plain Part I. 

Light soil associations. Acta Agrobotanica 64(4) 243- 

250. [Noting the occurrence of Rhinanthus serotinus in 

cereals on light soils in this region of Poland.] 

Sangüesa-Barreda, G., Linares, J.C. and Camarero, J.J. 

2012. Mistletoe effects on Scots pine decline following 

drought events: insights from within-tree spatial patterns, 

growth and carbohydrates. Tree Physiology 32(5): 585- 

598. [Concluding that Viscum album causes growth 

decline and increases the sensitivity of Pinus sylvestris 

to drought stress (in Spain).] 

Santiago, L.S., Wright, S.J., Harms, K.E., Yavitt, J.B., 

Korine, C., Garcia, M.N. and Turner, B.L. 2012. 

Tropical tree seedling growth responses to nitrogen, 

phosphorus and potassium addition. Journal of Ecology 

(Oxford) 100(2): 309-316. [Heisteria concinna 

(Olacaceae) among 5 species showing benefit from 

fertilization, especially K, in deep-shade forest in 

Panama.] 

Sárpataki, O., Sevastre, B., Olah, N.K., Hanganu, D., 

Taulescu, M., Mănălăchioae, R., Cătoi, C. and Marcus, I. 

2011. Antitumor effects of Viscum album L. on Ehrlich 

ascites carcinoma in vivo. Bulletin of University of 

Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj- 

Napoca. Veterinary Medicine 68,(1): 320-327. [Extracts 

of V. album showed anti-proliferative effects on Ehrlich 

Ascites Carcinoma in mice.] 

Satish, K., Gutema, Z., Grenier, C., Rich, P.J. and Ejeta, G. 

2012. Molecular tagging and validation of microsatellite 

markers linked to the low germination stimulant gene 

(lgs) for Striga resistance in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor 

(L.) Moench]. TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics 

124(6): 989-1003. [In a mapping study, the sorghum low 

germination stimulation locus was fine-mapped. This 

yields new, more reliable markers for marker-assisted 

selection of low germination inducing germplasm. With 

the sorghum genome sequence at hand a list of candidate 

genes for this trait could also be drafted.] 

Satish Patel, Vikas Sharma, Chauhan, N.S. and Dixit, V.K. 

2012. An updated review on the parasitic herb of 

Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. Journal of Chinese Integrative 

Medicine 10(3): 249-255. [Reviewing the literature on 

pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and traditional and 

biological medicinal uses of C. reflexa.] 

Scarpa, G.F. and Montani, M.C. 2011. Medical ethnobotany 

of "ligas" (Loranthaceae sensu lato) among indigenous 

and criollo people of Argentina. Dominguezia 27(2): 5- 

19. [Recording traditional medical uses of 8 species of 

Loranthaceae (s.l.), most relating to Struthanthus 

uraguensis, Tripodanthus acutifolius, Phoradendron 

bathyoryctum, and Ligaria cuneifolia. Suggesting further 

studies on S. uranguaensis.] 

Schapowal, A. 2011. Phytotherapy of conjunctivitis. 

Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie 32(6): 255-259. [Including


Euphrasia (unspecified) among species that have proved 

valuable in treating conjunctivitis.] 

Schmidt, H.U. 2010. (Might the mistletoe (Viscum album 

spp. album) be a problem (not only) for the deciduous 

trees of the city of Berlin?) (in German) Julius-Kühn- 

Archiv 428: 362-363. [Discussing the possible reasons 

for increased incidence of V. album on a range of trees in 

Berlin, the difficulties of mechanical control, and 

suggesting the planting of trees which would be less 

susceptible.] 

Schuh, R.T. and Menard, K. 2011. Santalalean-feeding plant 

bugs: ten new species in the genus Hypseloecus Reuter 

from Australia and South Africa (Heteroptera: Miridae: 

Phylinae): their hosts and placement in the Pilophorini. 

Australian Journal of Entomology 50(4): 365-392. 

[Describing 8 new species of Hypseloecus from 

Australia and two from South Africa, documented as 

using species of Amyema, Dendrophthoe and Lysiana in 

Australia and Viscum and Tapinanthus in South Africa.] 

Seegmüller, S. 2012. (Scots pine mistletoe viscotoxin 1-PSregional 

comparison and ecophysiological hints.) (in 

German) Allgemeine Forst- und Jagdzeitung 183(1/2): 

33-43. [The concentration of viscotoxin in Viscum album 

ssp. austriacum on Pinus sylvestris across a range of 

sites in Germany and Switzerland varied widely with soil 

and climatic factors, being negatively correlated to host 

leaf nitrogen and sulfur status and highest under drought 

or irradiance stress.] 

Sȩkeroğlu, N., Koca, U. and Meraler, S.A. 2012. (A 

traditional folk medicine: IKSUT.) (in Turkish) Yüzüncü 

Yil Üniversitesi Journal of Agricultural Sciences 22(1): 

56-61. [Identifying the main component of ‘IKSUT’, 

used traditionally in one part of Turkey for treatment of 

liver disease, and infant and mothers' physiological 

hepatitis, as a Cuscuta sp.] 

Sȩkeroğlu, Z.A. and Sȩkeroğlu, V. 2012. Effects of Viscum 

album L. extract and quercetin on methotrexate-induced 

cyto-genotoxicity in mouse bone-marrow cells. Mutation 

Research, Genetic Toxicology and Environmental 

Mutagenesis 746(1): 56-59. [Suggesting that V. album 

extract may play a role in reducing cyto-genotoxicity 

induced by anti-neoplastic drugs during cancer 

chemotherapy.] 

Semerci̇, A., Kaya, Y., Sahiṅ, I. and Ciṫak, N. 2010. 

Determination of the performances and adoption levels 

of sunflower 33(53): 69-76. [Comparing the 

performance of sunflower varieties resistant to 

Orobanche cumana and those resistant to imidazolinone 

herbicide in Thrace, Turkey and concluding that highest 

and most economical yields are obtained with genetic 

resistance to the parasite.] 

Seregin, A.P. 2011. (Pedicularis palustris and P. sceptrumcarolinum 

(Orobanchaceae) in Vladimir Region and 

Middle Russia: dynamics and causes of extinction.) (in 

Russian) Botanicheskiĭ Zhurnal 96(12) 1561-1574. [The 

rapid decrease of P. palustris and P. sceptrum-carolinum 

over the past century is attributed to poor seed 

regeneration, genetic isolation of fragmented 

populations, change of land use, eutrophication, etc.] 

Sevastre, B., Olah, N.K., Hanganu, D., Sárpataki, O., 

Taulescu, M., Mănălăchioae, R., Marcus, I. and Cătoi, C. 

2012. Viscum album L. alcoholic extract enhance the 

effect of doxorubicin in Ehrlich carcinoma tumor cells. 

Romanian Biotechnological Letters 17(1): 6975-6981. 

Sharma Sakshy, Hullatti, K.K., Sachin Kumar and Tiwari, 

B.K. 2012. Comparative antioxidant activity of Cuscuta 

reflexa and Cassytha filiformis. Journal of Pharmacy 

Research 5(1): 441-443. [Showing greater anti-oxidant 

activity in C. reflexa than in C. filiformis.] 

Shave, P.A., Ter-Rumum, A. and Enoch, M.I. 2012. Effects 

of time of intercropping of mucuna (Mucuna 

cochinchinensis) in maize (Zea mays) for weed and soil 

fertility management. International Journal of 

Agriculture and Biology 14(3): 469-472. [Field trials in 

Nigeria showed that intercropping of Mucuna reduced 

the density of weeds (including Striga hermonthica?) by 

52% and 16% when introduced at 6 and 9 weeks after 

planting without significantly affecting the yield of 

maize.] 

Sillero, J.C., Rojas-Molina, M.M., Avila, C.M. and 

Rubiales, D. 2012. Induction of systemic acquired 

resistance against rust, ascochyta blight and broomrape 

in faba bean by exogenous application of salicylic acid 

and benzothiadiazole. Crop Protection 34: 65-69. 

[Confirming the suppression of Orobanche crenata on 

faba bean by SA and BTH, but mainly exploring their 

effect on fungal diseases.] 

Simard, S.W., Beiler, K.J., Bingham, M.A., Deslippe, J.R., 

Philip, L.J. and Teste, F.P. 2012. Mycorrhizal networks: 

mechanisms, ecology and modelling. Fungal Biology 

Reviews 26(1): 39-60. [A detailed review including 

discussion of the types, amounts and mechanisms of 

interplant material transfer in autotrophic, 

mycoheterotrophic or partial mycoheterotrophic plants, 

with particular focus on carbon transfer.] 

Soliman, M.M., Abdallah, N.G., Bakheit, M.A., Raslan, 

M.A. and Abd-El-Haleem, S.H.M. 2012. Directional 

selection in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) under infestation 

of Orobanche crenata. World Applied Sciences Journal 

16(8): 1074-1081. [Reporting good results from a 

breeding programme in Egypt involving the cultivar 

Giza-843 which effectively shared in transmitting its 

properties of high yield and high resistance to O. 

crenata.] 

Start, A.N. 2011. Some observations on an urban mistletoe 

Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. (Loranthaceae) in 

Thailand. Natural History Buletin of the Siam Society 

57: 81-86. [In a survey of urban trees in Central and 

N.Thailand D. pentandra was recorded on hosts from 24 

families, 40 genera and more than 40 species; Common 

hosts included Mangifera indica, Casuarina 

equisetifolia, Tectona grandis and several species of 

Lagerstroemia.].


Štech, M. 2012. Changes of seasonal characters in 

populations of Melampyrum sylvaticum along an 

altitudinal gradient. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch- 

Botanischen Gesellschaft in Österreich 148/149: 137- 

144. [A study in Czeck Republic concludes that seasonal 

characters are not sufficiently reliable to be the basis for 

sub-specific taxa.] 

Steers, R.J. and Allen, E.B. 2011. Fire effects on perennial 

vegetation in the Western Colorado Desert, USA. Fire 

Ecology 7(3): 59-74. [Krameria grayi among species 

failing to recover after fire in creosote bush vegetation.] 

Su HueiJiun, Murata, J. and Hu JerMing. 2012. Morphology 

and phylogenetics of two holoparasitic plants, 

Balanophora japonica and Balanophora yakushimensis 

(Balanophoraceae), and their hosts in Taiwan and Japan. 

Journal of Plant Research 125(3): 317-326. [Refining the 

distinctions between B. japonica, B. yakushimensis, and 

B. laxiflora which form a well-supported clade within 

Balanophora. Also confirming that B. japonica 

parasitizes Symplocos spp., while B. yakushimensis 

parasitizes Distylium racemosum in Japan and Schima 

superba in Taiwan.] 

Sultan, A., Johnston, P.R., Park, D. and Robertson, A.W. 

2011. Two new pathogenic ascomycetes in Guignardia 

and Rosenscheldiella on New Zealand's pygmy 

mistletoes (Korthalsella: Viscaceae). Studies in 

Mycology 68: 237-247. [G. korthalsellae and R. 

korthalsellae are described from Korthalsella 

salicornioides, K. clavata and K. lindsayi. R. 

korthalsellae is a member of the Mycosphaerellaceae 

s.s.] 

Sun ZhiYing, Song JingYuan, Yao Hui and Han JianPing. 

2012. Molecular identification of Cistanches Herba and 

its adulterants based on nrITS2 sequence. Journal of 

Medicinal Plants Research 6(6): 1041-1045. [Confirming 

that ITS2 can be used as a DNA barcode to distinguish 

‘genuine’ ‘Cistanches Herba’ (based on Cistanche 

deserticola and C. tubulosa) from possible adulterants 

including C. salsa, C. sinensis Orobanche pycnostachya, 

O. coerulescens, Boschniakia rossica, and Cynomorium 

songaricum.] 

Sundararaj, R. and Gaurav Sharma. 2010. Studies on the 

floral composition in the six selected provenances of 

sandal (Santalum album Linnaeus) of south India. 

Biological Forum 2(2): 73-77. [Recording 76 spp. of 

various families associated with S. album.] 

Sunita Shailajan, Sasikumar Menon and Harshvardhan 

Joshi. 2011. Microwave-assisted extraction of lupeol 

from Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. growing on different hosts 

and its quantitation by high-performance thin layer 

chromatography. International Journal of Green 

Pharmacy 5(3): 212-215. [The method is a good 

alternative to conventional extraction techniques.] 

Surya, N.W., Idris, M., Wong, K.M., Leong-Škorničková, J., 

Lee, S. and Low, Y.W. 2011. A preliminary study on in 

vitro seed germination and rooted callus formation of 

Tetrastigma rafflesiae (Vitaceae). Gardens' Bulletin 

(Singapore) 63(1/2): 499-505. [Reporting successful 

culture of T. rafflesiae as part of a programme for 

conservation of Rafflesia spp. in Indonesia.] 

Tag, H., Kalita, P., Dwivedi, P., Das, A.K. and Namsa, N.D. 

2012. Herbal medicines used in the treatment of diabetes 

mellitus in Arunachal Himalaya, northeast, India. 

Journal of Ethnopharmacology 141(3): 786-795. 

[Cuscuta reflexa among 11 species reported to have antidiabetic 

activity.] 

Tamla, H.T., Cornelius, J.P. and Page, T. 2012. 

Reproductive biology of three commercially valuable 

Santalum species: development of flowers and 

inflorescences, breeding systems, and interspecific 

crossability. Euphytica 184(3): 323-333. [Studies 

involving S. lanceolatum, S. album and S. 

austrocaledonicum confirmed that although normally 

geographically separated, hybridisation between them 

can occur, suggesting potential for use of interspecific 

hybridization in genetic improvement.] 

Tan, A.S. 2010. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) 

researches in the Aegean Region of Turkey. Helia 

33(53): 77-84. [Reviewing research in Turkey, including 

work on resistance to Orobanche cumana.] 

Terzic´, S., Dedic´, B., Atlagic´, J., Jocic´, S. and Tančic´, S. 

2010. Screening wild sunflower species and F 1 

interspecific hybrids for resistance to broomrape. Helia 

33(53): 25-30. [Recording the discovery in Serbia of 

new potential sources of resistance to Orobanche 

cumana in wild Helianthus species and their 

interspecific hybrids.] 

Tibe, O., Pernthaner, A., Sutherland, I., Lesperance, L. and 

Harding, D.R.K. 2012. Condensed tannins from 

Botswanan forage plants are effective priming agents of 

γδ T cells in ruminants. Veterinary Immunology and 

Immunopathology 146(3/40: 237-244. [Extracts from 

Tapinanthus oleifolius showed moderate activity while 

effects of Viscum rotundifolium and V. verrucosum were 

minimal.], 

Timko, M.P., Huang, K. and Lis, K.E. 2012. Host resistance 

and parasite virulence in Striga-host plant interactions: a 

shifting balance of power. Weed Science 60(2): 307-315. 

[‘The recent cloning and functional characterization of a 

race-specific R gene from cowpea encoding a canonical 

coiled-coil (CC)-nucleotide binding site (NBS)-leucinerich 

repeat (LRR) type R-protein opens the door for 

further exploration of the mechanism of host resistance 

to S. gesnerioides in cowpea, and provides a focal point 

for studies aimed at uncovering the molecular and 

genetic factors underlying parasite virulence and host 

selection.’ (see also Haustorium 59 pp 2-3).] 

Toh, S., Kamiya, Y., Kawakami, N., Nambara, E., McCourt, 

P. and Tsuchiya, Y. 2012. Thermoinhibition uncovers a 

role for strigolactones in Arabidopsis seed germination. 

Plant and Cell Physiology 53(1): 107-117. [High 

temperatures can inhibit germination in Arabidopsis. 

Strigolactone biosynthetic and signaling mutants in 

Arabidopsis showed increased sensitivity to this socalled 

thermo-inhibition. The synthetic strigolactone 

GR24 rescued germination of thermo-inbibited


biosynthetic mutant seeds but not of a signaling mutant. 

Hormone analysis revealed that strigolactones alleviate 

thermo-inhibition by modulating levels of the two plant 

hormones, GA and ABA. Hormone analysis in 

germinating Striga hermonthica seeds suggests a 

common mechanism of hormonal regulation of 

germination in the parasitic and non-parasitic seeds.] 

Torres, A.M., Avila, C.M., Stoddard, F.L., Cubero, J.I., 

2011. Faba bean. In: Perez de la Vega, M., Torres, A.M., 

Cubero, J.I. and Kole, C. (eds) Genetics, genomics and 

breeding of cool season grain legumes, pp. 50-97. 

[Including reference to the continuing need for the 

development of resistance to Orobanche crenata.] 

Ukwueze, S.E. and Osadebe, P.O. 2012. Determination of 

anti-fungal properties of the African mistletoe species: 

Loranthus micranthus L. International Journal of Pharma 

and Bio Sciences 3(1): P-454-P-458. [Concluding that 

the folkloric use of L. micranthus (= Ileostylus 

micranthus) extracts in the treatment of fungal infections 

in Nigeria may not be scientifically founded.] 

*U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2010 Draft Recovery Plan 

for Tidal Marsh Ecosystems of Northern and Central 

California. 377 pp. 

http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/recovery_plan/TMRP/Chapter 

%20II%20Species%20Accounts.pdf [Including a section 

on the endangered Cordylanthus maritimus ssp. 

maritimus (Orobanchaceae) with detailed information on 

taxonomy, ecology, distribution etc. and factors 

threatening its survival. Hosts not identified but it is 

associated with Sarcocornia pacifica, Distichlis spicata, 

Frankenia salina, Limonium californicum and 

occasionally Cuscuta salina.] 

Varga, I., Keresztes, B. and Poczai, P. 2012. (Data to the 

Hungarian insect fauna of European mistletoe (Viscum 

album).) (in Hungarian) Növényvédelem 48(4): 153-164. 

[Identifying 22 insect species on V. album, of which 

Cacopsylla visci, Carulaspis visci, Hypseloecus visci, 

Pinalitus viscicola, Ixapion variegatum, Liparthrum 

bartschti, Synanthedon loranthi and Celypha woodiana 

are restricted to it. Those with some potential for 

biocontrol are the psyllid (Caco. visi), the mistletoe scale 

(Caru. visci), the mistletoe bug, H. visci, the clearwing 

moth, S. loranthi and the bark beetle, L. bartschti.] 

Varga, I., Taller, J., Baltazár, T., Hyvönen, J. and Poczai, P. 

2012. Leaf-spot disease on European mistletoe (Viscum 

album) caused by Phaeobotryosphaeria visci: a potential 

candidate for biological control. Biotechnology Letters 

34(6): 1059-1065. [P. visci can completely destroy V. 

album by infecting its branches, leaves and berries (in 

Hungary).] 

Velasco, L., Pérez-Vich, B., Yassein, A.A.M., Jan 

ChaoChien, Fernández-Martínez, J.M. 2012. Inheritance 

of resistance to sunflower broomrape (Orobanche 

cumana Wallr.) in an interspecific cross between 

Helianthus annuus and Helianthus debilis subsp. 

tardiflorus. Plant Breeding 131(1): 220-221. 

[Establishing that resistance to O. cumana race G in H. 

debilis ssp. tardiflorus is controlled by dominant alleles 

at a single locus.] 

Vicas, S.I., Rugina, D., Sconta, Z., Pintea, A. and Socaciu, 

C. 2011. The in vitro antioxidant and anti-proliferative 

effect and induction of phase II enzymes by a mistletoe 

(Viscum album) extract. Bulletin of University of 

Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj- 

Napoca. Agriculture 68(2): 482-491. [Extracts of V. 

album growing on apple show inhibition of adherent 

epithelial human ovarian tumor cells A2780 

proliferation, and general anti-oxidant properties.] 

Vurro, M. and Yoneyama, K. 2012. Strigolactones - 

intriguing biologically active compounds: perspectives 

for deciphering their biological role and for proposing 

practical application. Pest Management Science 68(5): 

664-668. [A review with emphasis on the potential for 

exploiting better understanding of the role of 

strigolactones towards control of parasitic weeds.] 

Wan Jing, Xu Jun, Yang MingYan, Yang ZhenDe, Huang 

QingHe and Zhao ShuFang. 2012. (Effects of three plant 

extracts on growth and development of dodder and 

soybean and on protective enzymes of host.) (in 

Chinese) Genomics and Applied Biology 31(1): 63-69. 

[Describing apparently non-selective damage from 

extracts of Melia azedarach, Eucalyptus robusta and 

Sapium sebiferum on both Cuscuta chinensis and 

soyabean.] 

Wang Jing, Pu XiaoPeng, Cao ZhiZhong, Cao WenXia, 

Feng Xiao, Duan MingXuan and Qiu ZhiHe. 2011. 

(Study on grassland type and productivity of Tanzi 

pasture in Danchang County.) (in Chinese) Pratacultural 

Science 28(3): 420-425. [One of the grassland types – a 

‘sedge group’ - described from Gansu Province, China, 

includes Pedicularis spp.] 

Wang ZhengHui, Wu BaoJun, Zhang XiangHong, Xu Min, 

Chang HuiMin, Lu XiaoYun and Ren XiaoYong. 2012. 

Purification of a polysaccharide from Boschniakia 

rossica and its synergistic antitumor effect combined 

with 5-fluorouracil. Carbohydrate Polymers 89(1): 31- 

35. [Results showed that the polysaccharide from B. 

rossica combined with 5-fluorouracil had synergistic 

effects on antitumour activity in tumour bearing mice.] 

Waters, M.T., Nelson, D.C., Scaffidi, A., Flematti, G.R., 

Sun, Y.M.K., Dixon, K.W. and Smith, S.M. 2012. 

Specialisation within the DWARF14 protein family 

confers distinct responses to karrikins and strigolactones 

in Arabidopsis. Development (Cambridge) 139(7): 1285- 

1295. [The Arabidopsis DWARF14 orthologue, AtD14, 

is – just as in rice - necessary for strigolactone response 

while the AtD14 paralogue KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE 

2 (KAI2) is specifically required for responses to 

karrikins, and not to strigolactones. The expression 

patterns of AtD14 and KAI2 are consistent with the 

capacity to respond to either strigolactones or karrikins 

at different stages of plant development. They propose 

that AtD14 and KAI2 are necessary for the separate 

regulation of karrikin and strigolactone signalling by 

MAX2.]


Wedlich, K.V., Rintoul, N., Peacock, S., Cape, J.N., Coyle, 

M., Toet, S., Barnes, J. and Ashmore, M. 2012. Effects 

of ozone on species composition in an upland grassland. 

Oecologia 168(4): 1137-1146. [Elevated ozone 

significantly decreased Rhinanthus minor] 

Wester, P. 2011. Nectar feeding by the Cape rock elephantshrew 

Elephantulus edwardii (Macroscelidea) - a 

primarily insectivorous mammal pollinates the parasite 

Hyobanche atropurpurea (Orobanchaceae). Flora (Jena) 

206(12): 997-1001. [Observed in Western Cape, South 

Africa.] 

Weston, K.A., Chapman, H.M., Kelly, D. and Moltchanova, 

E.V. 2012. Dependence on sunbird pollination for fruit 

set in three West African montane mistletoe species. 

Journal of Tropical Ecology 28(2): 205-213. 

[Globimetula braunii, Agelanthus brunneus and A. 

djurensis in Nigeria, are self-compatible but are 

normally pollinated by four species of sunbird 

(Cyanomitris spp., Cinnyris spp.) and a small social 

wasp.] 

Westwood, J.H., de Pamphilis, C.W., Das, M., Fernández- 

Aparicio, M., Honaas, L.A., Timko, M.P., Wafula, E.K., 

Wickett, N.J. and Yoder, J.I. 2012. The Parasitic Plant 

Genome Project: new tools for understanding the 

biology of Orobanche and Striga. Weed Science 60(2): 

295-306. [The Project is sequencing transcripts from 

Triphysaria versicolor, Striga hermonthica, Orobanche 

aegyptiaca and the related but non-parasitic 

Lindenbergia philippensis and is expected to provide 

abundant molecular markers for understanding 

population dynamics, the biology of parasitism, parasite 

virulence, host resistance mechanisms, target sites for 

herbicide action and possibilities for trans-specific gene 

silencing (see also Haustorium 59 pp 2-3).] 

Wiens, D. and Calvin, C.L. 2011. Two epiparasitic species 

of Phoradendron (Viscaceae) from Honduras: one new 

and for the other a range extension and host 

determination. Aliso 29(2): 119-123. [Describing the 

new species, Phoradendron mathiasenii, growing as a 

hyper-parasite on Psittacanthus angustifolius. Ph. 

tikalense is also recorded from one site in Honduras, 

again hyper-parasitic on Ps. angustifolius.] 

Wong ZinHua, Habsah Abdul Kadir and Ling SuiKiong. 

2012. Bioassay-guided isolation of neuroprotective 

compounds from Loranthus parasiticus against H 2 O 2 - 

induced oxidative damage in NG108-15 cells. Journal of 

Ethnopharmacology 139(1): 256-264. [L. parasiticus (= 

Scurrula parasitica) is used traditionally in China for 

treatment of schizophrenia, bone, brain, kidney, liver 

complaints and to treat ‘wind-damp’, and prevent 

miscarriage. Results of the study support the use of L. 

parasiticus in the treatment of neurological disorders 

where oxidative stress is implicated, thanks to the 

presence of proanthocyanidins.] 

Wright, M.A.R., Ianni, M.D. and Costea, M. 2012. Diversity 

and evolution of pollen-ovule production in Cuscuta 

(dodders, Convolvulaceae) in relation to floral 

morphology. Plant Systematics and Evolution 298(2): 

369-389. [The authors surveyed 128 species in each of 

the three subgenera looking at the ratio of pollen to 

ovules. While four ovules are present in the flowers of 

each species, the relationship of pollen to ovules varied 

widely among species. Outcrossing seems to be the rule 

with no species with established selfing.] 

Xie An, Li ShiWei, Li Long and Kuang Ling. 2011. (Effects 

of Cistanche and Epimedium on development of early 

mouse embryo.) (in Chinese) Acta Agriculturae 

Universitatis Jiangxiensis 33(5]: 955-959. [Some 

benefits reported.] 

Xiaojin, L., Daping, X., Zengjiang, Y., Ningnan, Z. and 

Lijun, Y. 2011. Preliminary analysis of growth and oil 

composition from a 6-year-old sandal (Santalum album 

L.) plantation in Gaoyao, Guangdong, south China. 

Sandalwood Research Newsletter 26, 1-5. 

Xu Rong, Chen Jun, Zhou Feng, Yu Jing and Liu TongNing. 

2011. (Study on rapid determination technique of 

Cistanche deserticola seed viability.) (in Chinese) Seed 

30(5): 24-28. [Defining the optimum technique for 

determining seed viability in C. deserticola as pH 6.4 

and TTC solution concentration of 0.3-1.0%, at 38°C.] 

Yagi, S., Chrétien, F., Duval, R.E., Fontanay, S., Maldini, 

M., Piacente, S., Henry, M., Chapleur, Y. and Laurain- 

Mattar, D. 2012. Antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity and 

chemical constituents of Hydnora johannis roots. South 

African Journal of Botany 78: 228-234. [In Sudan, the 

roots of H. johannis are traditionally used for the 

treatment of dysentery, diarrhoea, cholera and swelling 

tonsillitis, but the work reported here does not fully 

support these uses and suggests much more study 

needed.] 

Yamato, M., Yagame, T., Shimomura, N., Iwase, K., 

Takahashi, H., Ogura-Tsujita, Y. and Yukawa, T. 2011. 

Specific arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with 

non-photosynthetic Petrosavia sakuraii 

(Petrosaviaceae). Mycorrhiza 21(7): 631-639. [Studies 

on P. sakuraii associated with Japanese cypress 

(Chamaecyparis obtuse) in Honshu, Japan, indicate that 

particular AM fungi are selected by P. sakuraii from 

diverse indigenous AM fungi. The same AM fungi can 

colonize both plant species, and photosynthates of C. 

obtusa may be supplied to P. sakuraii through a shared 

AM fungal mycelial network.] 

Yang BeiFen and Li JunMin. 2012. Effect of parasitic plant 

Cuscuta australis R. Br. on growth of three invasive 

plants. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and 

Life Sciences) 38(2): 127-131. [Measuring the effects of 

Cuscuta australis on a range of parameters of Erigeron 

annuus, Chenopodium ambrosioides and Bidens pilosa. 

Total biomass reduced by 47, 82 and 65% respectively 

and root:shoot ratio increased in all.] 

Yang YongSheng, Ma ChunJie, Lei Li, Dong Ping and Li 

JianMing. 2012. (Effects of Cynomorium songaricum 

polysaccharide on experimental gastric ulcer in rats by 

acetic acid.) (in Chinese) Chinese Archives of 

Traditional Chinese Medicine 30(2): 385-387.


[Confirming that polysaccharide from C. songaricum has 

anti-ulcer effect in rats.] 

Yoneyama, K., Xie XiaoNan, Kim HyunIl, Kisugi, T., 

Nomura, T., Sekimoto, H., Yokota, T. and Yoneyama, 

K. 2012. How do nitrogen and phosphorus deficiencies 

affect strigolactone production and exudation? Planta 

235(6): 1197-1207. [A detailed discussion on the varied 

responses of a range of crops to N and P deficiencies in 

promoting strigolactone exudation. Confirming that in 

general, P deficiency promotes strigolactone exudation 

in all species while N deficiency promotes exudation 

only in non-legumes (as legumes acquire N without AM 

fungi). And proposing explanations for the anomalous 

behaviour of tomato in which only P deficiency 

promotes exudation. Distinct reductions in shoot P levels 

were observed in the plants grown under N deficiency, 

except for tomato, in which shoot P level was increased 

by N starvation, suggesting that the P status of the shoot 

regulates SL exudation.] 

Yoneyama, K., Xie XiaoNan, Kisugi, T., Nomura, T., 

Sekimoto, H., Yokota, T. and Yoneyama, K. 2011. 

Characterization of strigolactones exuded by Asteraceae 

plants. Plant Growth Regulation 65(3): 495-504. 

[Orobanchyl acetate and orobanchol were detected in 

root exudates from most of the 13 Asteraceae studied. 5- 

deoxystrigol and 7-hydroxyorobanchyl acetate were also 

detected in several.] 

Yu WenBin, Li DeZhu and Wang Hong .2012. Highly 

efficient pollination by bumblebees ensures seed 

production in Pedicularis lachnoglossa 

(Orobanchaceae), an early-flowering Himalayan plant. 

Journal of Systematics and Evolution 50(3): 218-226. 

[Involving Bombus friseanus and B. yunnanicola.] 

Zhang LinQi and Sun Wei. 2011 Treatment of chronic 

kidney disease with tonifying the kidney and promoting 

blood circulation and clearing away the damp-heat by 

professor SUN Wei. China Journal of Traditional 

Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy 26(12): 2900-2902. 

[Including reference to use of unspecified Scurrula and 

Cuscuta spp.] 

Zhang QiuHong, Wang WenBiao, Li Jin, Chang YanXu, 

Wang YueFei, Zhang JiShu, Zhang BoLi and Gao 

XiuMei. 2012. Simultaneous determination of catechin, 

epicatechin and epicatechin gallate in rat plasma by LC- 

ESI-MS/MS for pharmacokinetic studies after oral 

administration of Cynomorium songaricum extract. 

Journal of Chromatography, B 880: 168-171. 

Zhang RenBo and Dou QuanLi. 2011. GC-MS analysis on 

volatile components in mucilage from Christisonia 

hookeri. Medicinal Plant 2(10): 35-36. [Mucilage from 

between calyx and corolla of C. hookeri contained 

potentially useful volatiles 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol 

and methyl n-butyl sulfoxide, but mainly 

polysaccharides.] 

Zhang XinHua, da Silva, A.T., Duan Jun, Deng RuFang, Xu 

XinLan and Ma GuoHua. 2012. Endogenous hormone 

levels and anatomical characters of haustoria in 

Santalum album L. seedlings before and after attachment 

to the host. Journal of Plant Physiology 169(9): 859-866. 

[Studying the endogenous hormones involved in the 

haustorial development of S. album on its host Kuhnia 

rosmarinifolia. A high auxin-to-cytokinin ratio 

contributed to haustorial development.] 

Zhang XinHua, da Silva, J.A.T., Jia YongXia, Zhao JieTang 

and Ma GuoHua. 2012. Chemical composition of 

volatile oils from the pericarps of Indian sandalwood 

(Santalum album) by different extraction methods. 

Natural Product Communications 7(1): 93-96. 

[Identifying palmitic and oleic acids and a range of other 

compounds in the pericarp oil from S. album.] 

Zhang XinHua, da Silva, J.A.T. and Ma GuoHua. 2011. 

Karyotype analysis of Santalum album L. Caryologia 

63(2): 142-148. [Reporting diploid (2n=20) and 

tetraploid (2n=40) individuals in S. album while some 

meristems showed ‘mixaploid’ character.] 

Zhang XinXian, Zhang XinZhi, Lin RiYang, Huang Di, Li 

Jie, Wu Feng, Liu NanNan and He LiQun. 2012. (Study 

on the intervention of reproductive function in GTW 

induced mice by Chinese herbs with the hormone 

changes.) (in Chinese) Journal of Liaoning University of 

Traditional Chinese Medicine 14(2): 37-39. [Supporting 

the potential for Cistanche spp. in promoting kidney 

yang and nourishing kidney yin.] 

Zheng QianqQing, Li Ming, Li PengCheng, Wang JingJing 

and Jiang JiYuan. 2012. Study on the spatial distribution 

characteristics of sandy Cistanche deserticola soil 

moisture under the drip irrigation. Medicinal Plant 3(1): 

9-12. [Abstract no clearer than the title.] 

Zheng Wei, Tan XingQi, Guo LiangJun, Kong FeiFei, Lu 

Pin, Ni DongJie and Wang Ping. 2012. Chemical 

constituents from Monochasma savatieri. Chinese 

Journal of Natural Medicines 10(2): 102-104. 

[Identifying eight compounds from M. savatieri 

(Orobanchaceae).] 

Zhao, Y.L., Wang, X.Y., Sun, L.X., Fan, R.H., Bi, K.S. nd 

Yu, Z.G. 2012. Cytotoxic constituents of Viscum 

coloratum. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung. Section C, 

Biosciences 67(3/4): 129-134. [Identifying 19 

compounds in V. coloratum in China, including 2 with 

cytotoxic activity against human tumour cell lines.] 

Zweifel, R., Bangerter, S., Rigling, A. and Sterck, F.J. 2012. 

Pine and mistletoes: how to live with a leak in the water 

flow and storage system? Journal of Experimental 

Botany 63(7): 2565-2578. [Studies in Switzerland show 

that stomata of Pinus sylvestris infested by Viscum 

album close but still suffer water loss and also suffer 

reduced photosynthesis. A tree with more than 10-20% 

of its total leaf area attributable to V. album is at the 

threshold of keeping a positive carbon balance. 

Increasing mistletoe abundance, due to increasing mean 

annual temperatures, is accelerating pine decline in 

many dry inner-Alpine valleys.]


HAUSTORIUM 61 

has been edited by Chris Parker, 5 Royal York Crescent, 

Bristol BS8 4JZ, UK (Email 

chrisparker5@compuserve.com), Lytton Musselman, 

Parasitic Plant Laboratory, Department of Biological 

Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk Virginia 

23529-0266, USA (fax 757 683 5283; Email 

lmusselm@odu.edu) and Harro Bouwmeester of 

Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, 

P.O. Box 658, 6700 AR Wageningen, the Netherlands 

(Email harro.bouwmeester@wur.nl): with valued 

assistance from Dan Nickrent, Southern Illinois 

University, Carbondale, USA. It is produced and 

distributed by Chris Parker and published by Old 

Dominion University (ISSN 1944-6969). Send material 

for publication to any of the editors. 

NB. Haustorium is no longer distributed in hard-copy 

form. It is available by email free of charge and may 

also be down-loaded from the IPPS web-site (see 

above).

HAUSTORIUM

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