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UNITEDNATIONS<strong>General</strong> <strong>Assembly</strong>Distr.GENERALA/HRC/13/22/Add.124 February 2010AENGLISH/FRENCH/SPANISHONLYHUMAN RIGHTS COUNCILThirteenth sessionAgenda item 3PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF ALL HUMAN RIGHTS, CIVIL,POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS,INCLUDING THE RIGHT TO DEVELOPMENTReport of the Special Rapporteur on the situation ofhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, Margaret SekaggyaAd<strong>de</strong>ndumSummary of cases transmitted to Governments and replies received ∗∗The present document is being circulated in the languages of submission only, as it greatlyexceeds the word limitations currently imposed by the relevant <strong>General</strong> <strong>Assembly</strong> resolutions.GE.10-11297


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2ContentsIntroduction................................................................................................................................5Algeria .......................................................................................................................................5Argentina ...................................................................................................................................8Azerbaijan................................................................................................................................16Bahrain.....................................................................................................................................18Belarus .....................................................................................................................................20Bolivia......................................................................................................................................34Brazil........................................................................................................................................36Burundi ....................................................................................................................................37Cambodia.................................................................................................................................39Cameroon.................................................................................................................................45Chad.........................................................................................................................................47Chile.........................................................................................................................................48China........................................................................................................................................52Colombia..................................................................................................................................65Congo (Republic of the) ..........................................................................................................96Cuba.........................................................................................................................................97Democratic People’s Republic of Korea ...............................................................................102Democratic Republic of the Congo .......................................................................................103Djibouti..................................................................................................................................110Ecuador..................................................................................................................................111Egypt......................................................................................................................................117Eritrea ....................................................................................................................................120Ethiopia..................................................................................................................................121Fiji .........................................................................................................................................127


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3France .................................................................................................................................... 128Gabon .................................................................................................................................... 130Gambia .................................................................................................................................. 133Guatemala.............................................................................................................................. 135Guinea.................................................................................................................................... 147Guinea-Bissau........................................................................................................................ 148Honduras................................................................................................................................ 149India....................................................................................................................................... 156Indonesia................................................................................................................................ 162Iran (Islamic Republic of)...................................................................................................... 164Israel ...................................................................................................................................... 196Italy........................................................................................................................................ 200Kazakhstan ............................................................................................................................ 202Kenya..................................................................................................................................... 204Kyrgyz Republic.................................................................................................................... 208Libyan Arab Jamahiriya ........................................................................................................ 214Lithuania................................................................................................................................ 216Malaysia ................................................................................................................................ 219Mauritania.............................................................................................................................. 225Mexico................................................................................................................................... 227Mongolia................................................................................................................................ 261Morocco................................................................................................................................. 262Myanmar................................................................................................................................ 268Nepal...................................................................................................................................... 273Nicaragua............................................................................................................................... 276Niger ...................................................................................................................................... 278


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 4Nigeria ...................................................................................................................................279Pakistan..................................................................................................................................281Peru........................................................................................................................................282Philippines .............................................................................................................................288Republic of Korea..................................................................................................................294Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration.................................................................................................................298Saudi Arabia ..........................................................................................................................318Serbia .....................................................................................................................................320Sierra Leone...........................................................................................................................323Somalia ..................................................................................................................................324South Africa...........................................................................................................................326Spain ......................................................................................................................................327Sri Lanka................................................................................................................................328Sudan .....................................................................................................................................340Swaziland...............................................................................................................................343Syrian Arab Republic ............................................................................................................344Thailand .................................................................................................................................348Tunisia ...................................................................................................................................355Turkey....................................................................................................................................373Uganda...................................................................................................................................376Ukraine ..................................................................................................................................380Uzbekistan .............................................................................................................................383Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) ......................................................................................390Viet Nam................................................................................................................................395Yemen....................................................................................................................................398Zimbabwe ..............................................................................................................................402


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 5Introduction1. The present document is submitted by the Special Rapporteur on the situation on humanrights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, Ms Margaret Sekaggya, to the Human Rights Council, pursuant to resolutions5/1 and 7/8 of the Human rights Council. The document provi<strong>de</strong>s summaries of thecommunications on specific cases addressed by the Special Rapporteur to States, as well assummaries of the replies by States received and their observations thereon.2. The cases raised by the Special Rapporteur in this ad<strong>de</strong>ndum inclu<strong>de</strong> communicationssent from 10 December 2008 to 15 December 2009. The ad<strong>de</strong>ndum contains summaries ofresponses received from States until 10 February 2010. Although received before 10 February2010, few replies are not inclu<strong>de</strong>d in the present report because translation is awaited. Most ofthe responses by States refer to cases raised by the Special Rapporteur during the periodDecember 2008 to December 2009; however, some of the responses are to cases addressed byher in earlier reporting periods. While the summaries of these responses are inclu<strong>de</strong>d in thisreport, the summaries of the cases to which they refer will be found in the Special Rapporteur’sreports from preceding years (see A/HRC/4/37/Add.1, E/CN.4/2006/95/Add.1, andA/HRC/10/12/Add. 1 covering the previous three years).3. For ease of reference, cases have been grouped by country, with countries listedalphabetically according to their names in English.Lettre d’allégationsAlgeria4. Le 8 janvier 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Prési<strong>de</strong>nt du Groupe <strong>de</strong>travail sur les Disparitions Forcées ou Involontaires et le Rapporteur spécial sur la promotion etla protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, a envoyé une lettre d’allégations surla situation <strong>de</strong> M. Moussa Bourefis, étudiant en mé<strong>de</strong>cine et interne stagiaire au service <strong>de</strong>gynécologie obstétrique du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) <strong>de</strong> Constantine. Selon lesinformations reçues :5. M. Moussa Bourefis aurait fait récemment l’objet d’actes d’intimidation suite à sarencontre avec le Groupe <strong>de</strong> travail sur les Disparitions Forcées ou Involontaires en novembre2008 à Genève. M. Moussa Bourefis risquerait d’être recalé <strong>de</strong> son stage au CHU <strong>de</strong> Constantine.Selon <strong>de</strong>s informations obtenues, les pressions exercées sur les administrations <strong>de</strong> la Faculté etdu CHU <strong>de</strong> Constantine le viseraient directement et auraient pour objectif <strong>de</strong> lui faire cesser sesactivités militantes et associatives en faveur <strong>de</strong>s familles <strong>de</strong> disparus.Lettre d’allégations6. Le 31 juillet 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécial surla promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, a envoyé une lettred’allégations sur la situation <strong>de</strong> M. Hamrani M’Hamed, citoyen libyen, et M. Zerrari Khalid,citoyen marocain, tous <strong>de</strong>ux membres du Congrès Mondial Amazigh (CMA), une organisationnon-gouvernementale qui œuvre à la défense et la promotion <strong>de</strong>s droits civils, politiques,économiques, sociaux et culturels du peuple amazigh. MM. Hamrani M’Hamed et Zerrari Khalid


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 6se sont rendus en Algérie pour assister à la réunion du Conseil fédéral (c.à.d. le Conseild’administration) du CMA qui doit se tenir le 1er août. Selon les informations reçues :7. Le 29 juillet 2009, M. Hamrani M’Hamed aurait été arrêté par la police <strong>de</strong> Tizi-Ouzu etinterrogé pendant six heures sur les raisons <strong>de</strong> sa présence en Algérie et ses activités en Libye. Ilaurait été relâché en début <strong>de</strong> soirée.8. Le 30 juillet en début <strong>de</strong> matinée, M. Hamrani M’Hamed aurait à nouveau été arrêté parla police, ainsi que M. Zerrari Khalid. Ils auraient été libérés après six heures d’interrogatoire quiportait notamment sur le lieu où se tiendra la réunion du Conseil fédéral du CMA. Les policiersauraient fortement conseillé à MM. Hamrani M’Hamed et Zerrari Khalid <strong>de</strong> quitter le territoirealgérien, sur lequel ils sont entrés légalement.9. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que les arrestations <strong>de</strong> MM. Hamrani M’Hame<strong>de</strong>t Zerrari Khalid soient liées à leurs activités <strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme du peupleamazigh.Réponse du Gouvernement10. Le 8 septembre 2009, le Gouvernement algérien a répondu à la lettre d’allégations du 31juillet 2009. Le Gouvernement informe que les personnes mentionnées n’ont pas informéqu’elles étaient invitées par une organisation non gouvernementale. Cette <strong>de</strong>rnière, étant uneorganisation <strong>de</strong> droit français, ne dispose d’aucun statut légal en Algérie. Par conséquent et selonla législation algérienne, elle ne pouvait pas mener <strong>de</strong>s activités sur le territoire compte tenu dufait qu’elle ne disposait pas d’une accréditation auprès <strong>de</strong>s autorités compétentes.11. Les personnes objet <strong>de</strong> la communication ont donc fait l’objet d’un examen <strong>de</strong> situationconforme à la législation en vigueur dans la mesure où elles avaient contrevenu à la législationsur le séjour <strong>de</strong>s étrangers et qu’elles sont associées à une activité non autorisée par les autoritéscompétentes.Appel urgent12. Le 4 août 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Groupe <strong>de</strong> Travail sur ladétention arbitraire et le Rapporteur spécial sur la promotion et la protection du droit à la libertéd’opinion et d’expression, a envoyé un appel urgent sur la situation <strong>de</strong> Mme Zoubida Fdail,MM. Lounes Belkacem, Hocine Azelf, Rabah Issadi, Mohamed Meziani, Youcef Lekadir,M’Hamed Hamrani , Mustapha El-Ouaaliti et Khalid Zerrari, tous membres du CongrèsMondial Amazigh (CMA), une organisation non-gouvernementale qui œuvre à la défense et lapromotion <strong>de</strong>s droits civils, politiques, économiques, sociaux et culturels du peuple amazigh. Ilsse sont rendus en Algérie pour assister à la réunion du Conseil fédéral (c.à.d. le Conseild’administration) du CMA qui doit s’est tenue le 1er août. La situation <strong>de</strong> MM. Khalid Zerrari etM’Hamed Hamrani a fait l’objet d’une lettre d’allégations le 31 juillet 2009 par le Rapporteurspécial sur la promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression et <strong>de</strong> laRapporteuse spéciale sur la situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. Le Gouvernementalgérien a envoyé une réponse en date du 8 septembre 2009. Selon les informations reçues :


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 713. Le 3 août 2009 en fin <strong>de</strong> matinée, Mme Zoubida Fdail, MM. Lounes Belkacem, HocineAzelf, Rabah Issadi, Mohamed Meziani, Youcef Lekadir, M’Hamed Hamrani, M. Mustapha El-Ouaaliti et Khalid Zerrari auraient été arrêtés par la police <strong>de</strong> Tizi-Ouzu suite à la tenue d’uneconférence <strong>de</strong> presse et interrogés pendant plusieurs heures. MM Lounes Belkacem, HocineAzelf, Rabah Issadi, Mohamed Meziani et Youcef Lekadir auraient été libérés dans la soirée.Mme Zoubida Fdail, MM Khalid Zerrari, Mustapha E-Ouaaliti et Hamrani M’Hamed seraienttoujours maintenus en détention.14. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que les arrestations <strong>de</strong> MM Lounes Belkacem,Hocine Azelf, Rabah Issadi, Mohamed Meziani, Youcef Lekadir, Khalid Zerrari, M’HamedHamrani, Mustapha El-Ouaaliti et Mme Zoubida Fdail soient liées à leurs activités <strong>de</strong> défense<strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme du peuple amazigh.Réponse du Gouvernement15. Le 8 septembre 2009, le Gouvernement algérien a répondu à l’appel urgent du 4 août2009. Le Gouvernement informe que les personnes mentionnées ont organisé une manifestationsans autorisation préalable en violation <strong>de</strong> la législation algérienne. Le Congrès MondialAmazigh, organisation non gouvernementale <strong>de</strong> droit français pour le compte <strong>de</strong> laquelle cespersonnes agissaient, ne dispose d’aucun statut légal en Algérie. Par conséquent et selon lalégislation algérienne, elle ne pouvait pas mener <strong>de</strong>s activités sur le territoire compte tenu du faitqu’elle ne disposait pas d’une accréditation auprès <strong>de</strong>s autorités compétentes.16. Les personnes mentionnées ont fait l’objet d’un examen <strong>de</strong> situation conforme à lalégislation en vigueur dans la mesure où elles ont contrevenu à la législation sur les réunionspubliques et qu’elles se sont associées à <strong>de</strong>s étrangers pour mener une activité non autorisée parles autorités compétentes.Observations17. La Rapporteuse spéciale remercie le Gouvernement <strong>de</strong> ses réponses mais regrette, aumoment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport, l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse aux communications en datedu 8 janvier 2009, 7 novembre 2008, 26 mai 2008 et 6 mars 2007. Elle considère les réponses àses communications comme partie intégrante <strong>de</strong> la coopération <strong>de</strong>s gouvernements avec sonmandat. Elle exhorte le Gouvernement à répondre au plus vite aux craintes exprimées danscelles-ci, notamment en fournissant <strong>de</strong>s informations précises sur les enquêtes menées afin <strong>de</strong>traduire en justice les auteurs <strong>de</strong>s faits et les mesures <strong>de</strong> protection prises pour assurer l’intégritéphysique et mentale <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs et <strong>de</strong> leurs familles.18. Par ailleurs, concernant la communication en date du 8 janvier 2009, la Rapporteusespéciale rappelle que la Résolution 12/2 du Conseil <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme a « <strong>de</strong>mand[é]instamment aux gouvernements d’empêcher et <strong>de</strong> s’abstenir <strong>de</strong> commettre tout acted’intimidation ou <strong>de</strong> représailles contre ceux qui: a) Cherchent à coopérer ou ont coopéré avecl’Organisation <strong>de</strong>s Nations Unies, ses représentants et ses mécanismes dans le domaine <strong>de</strong>sdroits <strong>de</strong> l’homme, ou leur ont apporté <strong>de</strong>s témoignages ou <strong>de</strong>s renseignements; b) Recourent ouont recouru aux procédures mises en place sous les auspices <strong>de</strong> l’Organisation <strong>de</strong>s Nations Uniespour assurer la protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme et <strong>de</strong>s libertés fondamentales, et tous ceux quileur ont fourni une assistance juridique ou autre à cette fin; c) Soumettent ou ont soumis <strong>de</strong>s


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 8communications en vertu <strong>de</strong> procédures établies conformément à <strong>de</strong>s instruments relatifs auxdroits <strong>de</strong> l’homme, et tous ceux qui leur ont fourni une assistance juridique ou autre à cette fin; d)Sont <strong>de</strong>s proches <strong>de</strong> victimes <strong>de</strong> violations <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme ou <strong>de</strong> ceux qui ont fourni uneassistance juridique ou autre aux victimes ».Llamamiento urgenteArgentina19. El 2 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con las amenazas y serio hostigamiento <strong>de</strong> la Sra.María Soledad Laruffa, militante <strong>de</strong> la filial Merlo <strong>de</strong> la Liga Argentina por los Derechos <strong>de</strong>lHombre (LADH).20. La LADH es una institución, creada en 1937, <strong>de</strong>dicada a la <strong>de</strong>fensa, la promoción y laeducación para los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.21. Según la información recibida, el 26 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Laruffa habría sidointerceptada por dos <strong>de</strong>sconocidos a bordo <strong>de</strong> una moto, con los rostros ocultos por los cascos,que habría vuelto a amenazarla ahora <strong>de</strong> manera personal con el mensaje “que la corte con eso <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos”, y evi<strong>de</strong>nciando a<strong>de</strong>más la existencia <strong>de</strong> un “grupo en condiciones <strong>de</strong>actuar ecuencialmente”.22. Anteriormente, el 23 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Laruffa habría recibido una llamadatelefónica amenazante en su celular <strong>de</strong> parte <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sconocidos, los cuales habrían proferidosinsultos y reclamos.23. Estos actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento habrían coincido con los preparativos <strong>de</strong>l histórico juiciopor el asesinato en 1976, <strong>de</strong> Floreal Avellaneda, militante <strong>de</strong> 15 años <strong>de</strong> edad <strong>de</strong> la Fe<strong>de</strong>raciónJuvenil Comunista.24. Este juicio, cuyo inicio está previsto para el 27 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009 y durante el cual juzgaráel Gral. Santiago Omar Riveros y sus cómplices, será el primero en examinar el accionar <strong>de</strong>lterrorismo <strong>de</strong> Estado en el ámbito <strong>de</strong> Institutos Militares, entre los cuales estaba el <strong>de</strong> Campo <strong>de</strong>Mayo.25. El 24 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, se habría realizado un acto <strong>de</strong> reclamo <strong>de</strong> justicia para FlorealAvellaneda durante una jornada <strong>de</strong> conmemoración en el predio <strong>de</strong> Quinta Seré, organizada porla dirección <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> la Municipalidad <strong>de</strong> Morón, durante la cual la Sra. Laruffahabría obsequiada a la Sra. Iris Avellaneda, la madre <strong>de</strong> Floreal Avellaneda, una remeraestampada con su rostro en nombre <strong>de</strong> los jóvenes <strong>de</strong> la LADH.26. Se expresó temor que la amenaza en contra <strong>de</strong> la Sra. María Soledad Laruffa podría estarrelacionada con su trabajo <strong>de</strong> investigación <strong>de</strong> los crimines <strong>de</strong>l pasado y, más en general, encuestiones <strong>de</strong> justicia y <strong>de</strong>recho a la verdad. Asimismo, se expresó preocupación por suintegridad física y psicológica.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 9Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno27. Mediante cuatro cartas fechadas el 9 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 16 abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 8 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong>2009, el 13 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009 y el 6 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2010, el Gobierno respondió al llamamientourgente.28. En la carta con fecha el 9 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, se informó que el llamamiento urgente fuepuesto en conocimiento <strong>de</strong>l Chancillería quien informó que estaba llevando a cabo consultasurgentes con las autorida<strong>de</strong>s pertinentes <strong>de</strong> la Provincia <strong>de</strong> Buenos Aires.29. En la carta fechada el 16 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Gobierno proporcionó información,brindada por la Secretaría <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno <strong>de</strong> la Provincia <strong>de</strong> Buenos Aires.Según la carta, la Secretaría <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos tomó contacto con el Juzgado Fe<strong>de</strong>ral en loCriminal y Correccional No 3 <strong>de</strong> Morón a cargo <strong>de</strong>l Juez Subrogante Dr. Juan Pablo Sala, quieninformó que estaba tramitando la <strong>de</strong>nuncia bajo la causa No 1.760.30. Se informó que, en razón <strong>de</strong> la gravedad <strong>de</strong> los hechos, la Secretaría <strong>de</strong> DerechosHumanos recomendó al magistrado que arbitre los medios conducentes a fin <strong>de</strong> requerir laincorporación <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>nunciante al Programa Nacional <strong>de</strong> Protección <strong>de</strong> Testigos <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio<strong>de</strong> Justicia, Seguridad y Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> la Nación.31. Asimismo, la Secretaría <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos solicitó por escrito al Sr. Juez Salas queinforme las medidas adoptadas tendientes a <strong>de</strong>terminar a los responsables <strong>de</strong> los hechos<strong>de</strong>nunciados.32. Según la carta fechada el 8 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Secretaría <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos solicitóinformes a diversos organismos gubernamentales tendientes a la obtención y recopilación <strong>de</strong>información relativa a las gestiones realizadas sobre el caso.33. Entre otros, se puso en contacto con la dirección <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong>l Municipio <strong>de</strong>Morón quien informó que <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> que ocurrieron los hechos, se puso en contacto con elabogado <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Laruffa para ponerse a su disposición.34. La mencionada Secretaría informó que no tenía conocimiento <strong>de</strong> que la autoridad judicialhubiera efectuado el pedido <strong>de</strong> protección al Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Justicia, Seguridad y DerechosHumanos.35. En la carta con fecha el 6 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2010, se informó en nombre <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Juez Salas queel día 30 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, se resolvió archivar la causa <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Laruffa, <strong>de</strong>bido a la situaciónplanteado y el resultado <strong>de</strong> las diligencias instructoras recopiladas en la causa. Asimismo, eltestimonio <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Laruffa no resulta suficiente porque no logró aportar datos relevantes queresultaran <strong>de</strong> interés para el <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong> una pesquisa o siquiera i<strong>de</strong>ntificar <strong>de</strong> forma alguna aquienes la habrían intentado coaccionar. No fue vislumbrada que la producción <strong>de</strong> otras medidasprobatorias permitan variar tal cuadro <strong>de</strong> situación.36. Así también, las últimas situaciones que <strong>de</strong>nunciara la Sra. Laruffa no encuadran enfigura penal alguna y no existiría acción típica punible que pueda aplicarse a tales hechos. Nopueda vincular dicha situación con los hechos materia <strong>de</strong> investigación en la presente pesquisa.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 10La ausencia <strong>de</strong> otras evi<strong>de</strong>ncias directas o indirectas impidió <strong>de</strong> momento el avance <strong>de</strong> lapresente investigación.Llamamiento urgente37. El 14 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente, señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno<strong>de</strong> Argentina la información recibida en relación con el supuesto secuestro <strong>de</strong> la Sra. VerónicaVaquel, una educadora <strong>de</strong> la organización Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo, y la supuesta intimidación <strong>de</strong> otroseducadores <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII y miembros <strong>de</strong> la organización Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo.38. Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo es una fundación que se <strong>de</strong>dica a la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> niños yjóvenes. En 1987, Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo fundó el Movimiento Nacional Chicos <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo, una red <strong>de</strong>más <strong>de</strong> 300 organizaciones. El Hogar Juan XXIII forma parte <strong>de</strong> dicha red. El MovimientoNacional Chicos <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo lanzó una campaña <strong>de</strong>nominada “El Hambre Es un Crimen” en laParroquia Santa Cruz el 18 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2008, en Mar <strong>de</strong> Plata el 18 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2008, y en SantaFe el 4 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2008.39. El 5 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2008, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente al Gobierno en relación con el allanamiento <strong>de</strong>la Escuela Gráfica Manchita <strong>de</strong> Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo llevado a cabo por ocho hombres armados, y elsecuestro <strong>de</strong> un joven <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII. El 8 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2008, dos titulares <strong>de</strong> mandatosenviaron un llamamiento urgente en relación con el secuestro <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Emanuel San Martín. El 4<strong>de</strong> diciembre, dos titulares <strong>de</strong> mandatos enviaron un llamamiento urgente al Gobierno enrelación con los supuestos secuestros <strong>de</strong> la Sra. María Isabel Almeida y el Sr. Emanuel SanMartín, educadores <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII; el Sr. Reymundo Sacca, un voluntario <strong>de</strong>l mismohogar; la Sra. Viviana Dadario, una educadora <strong>de</strong> la Red el Encuentro en José C. Paz; y lasupuesta intimidación <strong>de</strong> otros educadores <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII y miembros <strong>de</strong> la organizaciónPelota <strong>de</strong>l Trapo. Se agra<strong>de</strong>cieron las respuestas <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno a las otras comunicaciones,recibidas el 28 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2008, el 16 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 5 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009 y el 9 <strong>de</strong>marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009.40. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 7 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 8:40horas <strong>de</strong> la mañana, tres hombres no i<strong>de</strong>ntificados habrían secuestrado a la Sra. Vaquel, cuandose encontraba en la calle Perú cerca <strong>de</strong>l hogar Juan Salvador Gaviota, en Avellaneda. La Sra.Vaquel, habría estado caminando hacia el hogar Juan Salvador Gaviota cuando un hombre altocon el cabello gris la habría subido violentamente a un vehículo azul con cristales polarizados yla habría llevado a un galpón con portón levadizo. En la parte <strong>de</strong>lantera <strong>de</strong>l vehículo tambiénhabrían estado otros dos hombres jóvenes. Aproximadamente a las 2:30 horas <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong> lahabrían puesto en libertad a cien metros <strong>de</strong>l hospital Presi<strong>de</strong>nte Perón.41. A las 9:41 horas <strong>de</strong> esa mañana, en el hogar San Juan Salvador Gaviota habrían recibidoun mensaje <strong>de</strong> texto en el que se les informaba acerca <strong>de</strong>l secuestro <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Vaquel, y se lesadvertía que la fundación no <strong>de</strong>bía seguir con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s. Un rato <strong>de</strong>spués, habrían recibidootro mensaje que <strong>de</strong>cía “hoy te la <strong>de</strong>jo en un hospital, mañana no sé”.42. En junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, varios miembros <strong>de</strong> la fundación Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo y <strong>de</strong>l Hogar JuanXXIII habrían recibido mensajes <strong>de</strong> texto amenazantes a sus teléfonos celulares que provenían


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 11<strong>de</strong>l número 15-3588-4949, la mayoría con amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte contra el educador <strong>de</strong> la ObraDon Orione, Emmanuel Vicente San Martín, y su novia, Victoria Zabala, que también es hija <strong>de</strong>la Presi<strong>de</strong>nta <strong>de</strong> la Fundación Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo.43. En febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, miembros <strong>de</strong> la fundación habrían notado la presencia <strong>de</strong> algunosvehículos sospechosos en la fundación.44. Tras el inicio <strong>de</strong> la campaña <strong>de</strong>nominada “El Hambre es un Crimen”, en la ParroquiaSanta Cruz <strong>de</strong> Buenos Aires, miembros <strong>de</strong> la fundación Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo también habrían sidoobjeto <strong>de</strong> amenazas e intimidaciones, siendo incluso algunos <strong>de</strong> ellos secuestrados. En diciembre<strong>de</strong> 2008, el Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Justicia <strong>de</strong> la Nación habría implementado medidas <strong>de</strong> protección paralos miembros <strong>de</strong> Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo; sin embargo, en enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, habrían <strong>de</strong>cidido retirárselas.Posteriormente, miembros <strong>de</strong> Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo habría vuelto a pedir protección pero les habríasido <strong>de</strong>negada. Cabe mencionar que el mismo día <strong>de</strong>l secuestro, el 7 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, habríanretirado la protección policial en la localidad <strong>de</strong> José C. Paz.45. Se expresó temor que el secuestro <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Vaquel y las amenazas y la intimidacióncontra los miembros <strong>de</strong> Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo podrían estar relacionados con las activida<strong>de</strong>s legítimas<strong>de</strong> la organización en la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> niños y jóvenes bonaerenses.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno46. En tres cartas fechadas el 6 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 21 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009 y el 1 <strong>de</strong>diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 el Gobierno respondió al llamamiento urgente. El Gobierno proporcionóinformación suministrada por la secretaria <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> la provincia <strong>de</strong> Buenos Airesen relación con el informe <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Agente Fiscal Dr. Jorge Q. Hernán<strong>de</strong>z, titular <strong>de</strong> la UnidadFiscal <strong>de</strong> Instrucción No. 1 Descentralizada <strong>de</strong> Avellaneda, don<strong>de</strong> se investiga el secuestro<strong>de</strong>nunciado bajo la causa I.P.P. No. 1078-09.47. Se afirmó que los hechos a los que se referían las alegaciones presentadas eran exactos.48. Según el informe, <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong>l inci<strong>de</strong>nte se or<strong>de</strong>naron una serie <strong>de</strong> medidas, tales comoconfección <strong>de</strong> i<strong>de</strong>ntikit mediante dictado <strong>de</strong> rostros, como así recepción <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>claracióntestimonial al esposo <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>nunciante, quien no se habría presentado a tal fin pese a reiteradascitaciones, y se requirió la apertura <strong>de</strong> antenas <strong>de</strong>l celular <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el cual se mandaron los mensajes<strong>de</strong> textos aludidos. Como así se comisionó a personal <strong>de</strong> gabinete específico <strong>de</strong> la D.D.I. Lomas<strong>de</strong> Zamora, a fin que se aboque a cumplimentar diligencias investigativas específicas.49. Los i<strong>de</strong>ntikit confeccionados fueron remitidos a la Oficina Técnica <strong>de</strong> I<strong>de</strong>ntificaciónPersonal a fin <strong>de</strong> realizar un cotejo con la base <strong>de</strong> datos <strong>de</strong> dicha oficina y en su caso se meinformen los resultados.50. Finalmente, la I.P.P. <strong>de</strong> marras habría sido <strong>de</strong>vuelta a la Depen<strong>de</strong>ncia policial encargada<strong>de</strong> cumplimentar las diligencias investigativas or<strong>de</strong>nadas, a los fines <strong>de</strong> profundizar la pesquisa.’51. Mediante la segunda carta, fechada el 21 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Gobierno remitió uninforme con los avances en las investigaciones relacionadas con el caso.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1252. En resumen, el informe proporcionó información elaborada por el Subsecretario <strong>de</strong> laProcuración <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Suprema Corte <strong>de</strong> Justicia <strong>de</strong> la Provincia <strong>de</strong> Buenos Aires y confirmólos datos presentados en las comunicaciones relacionadas a los casos <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Vaquel y el Sr.San Martín.53. Se informó que el 7 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, se inició la IPP No. Av 10708-09 por PrivaciónIlegal <strong>de</strong> la Libertad, en la cual resultó víctima la Sra. Vaquel, que luego fue tramitado junto conlas causas 6749, 11306, 14853, 18471 y 18584 en las cuales resultan víctimas miembros <strong>de</strong>lMovimiento nacional Los Chicos <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo.54. Existen pruebas <strong>de</strong> que dos mensajes fueron enviados <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el celular <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Vaquelal teléfono celular <strong>de</strong>l Hogar en momentos que ella se encontraba privada <strong>de</strong> su libertada y se harequerido la apertura <strong>de</strong> antenas <strong>de</strong>l mismo, habiéndose encomendado a personal <strong>de</strong> la DDIXXIII Lomas <strong>de</strong> Zamora que se aboque a realizar tareas investigativas.55. Se informó que tanto personal policial <strong>de</strong> la provincia <strong>de</strong> Buenos Aires como así también<strong>de</strong> Policía Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Argentina a través <strong>de</strong> su Delegación Avellanda, se <strong>de</strong>dica a la custodiadinámica <strong>de</strong> los distintos domicilios don<strong>de</strong> tiene asiento la organización como así también <strong>de</strong> susintegrantes.56. En la carta fechada el 1 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 se informó que habían dispuesto múltiplesdiligencias judiciales en relación con el caso. Por ejemplo, habían tomado <strong>de</strong>claracionestestimoniales, realizado la reconstrucción <strong>de</strong>l evento <strong>de</strong>scripto supra, encontrándose asimismopresente el padre Luis Espósito, Director <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII. También el suscripto se habíahecho presente en reiterada oportunida<strong>de</strong>s junto a personal <strong>de</strong> la Fiscalía en el Hogar Juan XXIII,done realizó una inspección <strong>de</strong>l lugar y recibió <strong>de</strong>claraciones testimoniales.Llamamiento urgente57. El 31 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con el secuestro <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Emanuel San Martín, uneducador <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII, y la intimidación <strong>de</strong> otros educadores <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII ymiembros <strong>de</strong> la organización Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo.58. Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo es una fundación que se <strong>de</strong>dica a la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> niños yjóvenes. En 1987, Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo fundó el Movimiento Nacional Chicos <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo, una red <strong>de</strong>más <strong>de</strong> 300 organizaciones. El Hogar Juan XXIII forma parte <strong>de</strong> dicha red. Durante 2008, elMovimiento Nacional Chicos <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo lanzó una campaña <strong>de</strong>nominada “El Hambre es unCrimen - Ni un Pibe Menos”.59. El 5 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2008, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente al gobierno argentino en relación con elallanamiento <strong>de</strong> la Escuela Gráfica Manchita <strong>de</strong> Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo, perpetrado por ocho hombresarmados, y el secuestro <strong>de</strong> un joven <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII. El 8 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2008, dos titulares<strong>de</strong> mandatos enviaron un llamamiento urgente en relación con el secuestro <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Emanuel SanMartín. El 4 <strong>de</strong> diciembre, dos titulares <strong>de</strong> mandatos enviaron un llamamiento urgente al


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 13Gobierno en relación con los supuestos secuestros <strong>de</strong> la Sra. María Isabel Almeida y el Sr.Emanuel San Martín, educadores <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII; el Sr. Reymundo Sacca, un voluntario<strong>de</strong>l mismo hogar; la Sra. Viviana Dadario, una educadora <strong>de</strong> la Red El Encuentro en José C. Paz;y la supuesta intimidación <strong>de</strong> otros educadores <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII y miembros <strong>de</strong> laorganización Pelota <strong>de</strong>l Trapo. El 14 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió otro llamamiento urgente en relación con elsecuestro <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Verónica Vaquel, una educadora <strong>de</strong> la organización Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo, y laintimidación <strong>de</strong> otros educadores <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII y miembros <strong>de</strong> la organización Pelota <strong>de</strong>Trapo. Se agra<strong>de</strong>cieron las respuestas <strong>de</strong> su Gobierno a las otras comunicaciones, recibidas el 28<strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2008, el 16 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 5 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009 y el 9 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009.60. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 24 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 12horas <strong>de</strong>l mediodía, el Sr. San Martín habría sido secuestrado por cuatro personas noi<strong>de</strong>ntificadas cuando salió <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII para realizar unas compras.61. Habría estado regresando <strong>de</strong> la farmacia, cerca <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXII, cuando unacamioneta tipo Kangoo obscura se habría acercado y las cuatro personas a bordo <strong>de</strong>l vehículo lehabrían apuntado con una escopeta. Asimismo, lo habrían llevado a un galpón y lo habríangolpeado.62. A las 12:46 horas <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong> habría llegado un mensaje <strong>de</strong> texto al celular <strong>de</strong> uno <strong>de</strong> losdirigentes <strong>de</strong> la fundación que <strong>de</strong>cía "Tenemos uno <strong>de</strong> uste<strong>de</strong>s al que mas queríamos bingo...Ema es un pibe menos".63. Casi al mismo tiempo otro miembro <strong>de</strong> la fundación habría recibido un mensaje similarque <strong>de</strong>cía: "Tenemos lo que más buscamos, tenemos a Ema su pibe, respeten…". También llegóotro mensaje a las 14:15 horas que <strong>de</strong>cía "Ojo con lo que dicen la vida <strong>de</strong> uno <strong>de</strong> sus pibes estáen peligro y con sentencia <strong>de</strong> muerte". Poco <strong>de</strong>spués, habría llegado otro mensaje advirtiendo alos miembros <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII falsamente que el Sr. San Martín había muerto.64. Sin embargo, aproximadamente a las 18:30 horas, el educador habría sido puesto enlibertad en la Capital Fe<strong>de</strong>ral cerca <strong>de</strong>l Zoológico <strong>de</strong> Palermo. A pesar <strong>de</strong> la intervención <strong>de</strong>lMinisterio <strong>de</strong> Justicia y Seguridad <strong>de</strong> la Nación, mientras el Sr. San Martín estaba secuestrado nohabrían logrado i<strong>de</strong>ntificar ni <strong>de</strong>tener a los agresores.65. Tras el inicio <strong>de</strong> la campaña “El Hambre es un Crimen - Ni un Pibe Menos” miembros <strong>de</strong>la fundación Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo y el Hogar Juan XXIII habrían sido objeto <strong>de</strong> una campaña <strong>de</strong>amenazas e intimidaciones, siendo varios <strong>de</strong> ellos incluso secuestrados. El Sr. San Martín habríasido víctima <strong>de</strong> secuestros en dos ocasiones durante dicha campaña en 2008. Recientemente, losmiembros <strong>de</strong> Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo habrían pedido protección policial, pero esta les habría sido negada.Después <strong>de</strong> este nuevo atentado habrían <strong>de</strong>signado custodia en el Hogar Juan XXIII, pero losintegrantes <strong>de</strong> Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo siguen sin protección.66. Se expresó temor que el secuestro <strong>de</strong>l Sr. San Martín y las amenazas y los actos <strong>de</strong>intimidación contra los miembros <strong>de</strong> Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo y el Hogar Juan XXIII podrían estarrelacionados con las activida<strong>de</strong>s legítimas <strong>de</strong> estas organizaciones en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos <strong>de</strong> niños y jóvenes bonaerenses.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 14Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno67. En cartas fechadas el 10 y 26 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 5 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009 y el 1 <strong>de</strong>diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Gobierno respondió al llamamiento urgente.68. Según la primera carta, se estaba realizando consultas urgentes a nivel <strong>de</strong> las autorida<strong>de</strong>snacionales y provinciales.69. En la carta fechada el 26 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Gobierno proporcionó informaciónelaborada por el Subsecretario <strong>de</strong> la Procuración <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Suprema Corte d Justicia <strong>de</strong> laProvincia <strong>de</strong> Buenos Aires y confirmó los datos presentados en las comunicaciones relacionadasa los casos <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Vaquel y el Sr. San Martín.70. Asimismo, se informó que estaban tramitando la causa I.P.P. No. 12.147 por PrivaciónIlegal <strong>de</strong> la Libertad, en la cual resultó víctima el Sr. San Martín. También las causas 6749,11306, 14853, 18471 y 18584 en las cuales resultan víctimas miembros <strong>de</strong>l Movimiento nacionalLos Chicos <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo fue tramitado.71. El informe proporcionó información sobre el caso <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Emmanuel San Martín. En elinforme, confirmaron los hechos presentados en la comunicación relativa al Sr. San Martín.72. Se informó que tanto personal policial <strong>de</strong> la provincia <strong>de</strong> Buenos Aires como así también<strong>de</strong> Policía Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Argentina a través <strong>de</strong> su Delegación Avellanda, se <strong>de</strong>dica a la custodiadinámica <strong>de</strong> los distintos domicilios don<strong>de</strong> tiene asiento la organización como así también <strong>de</strong> susintegrantes.73. En la respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno fechada el 5 <strong>de</strong> octubre, se proporcionó más informaciónrelativa al caso así como las respuestas a las preguntas hechas en el llamamiento urgenteelaboradas por la Secretaría <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> la Provincia <strong>de</strong> Buenos Aires. Según lainformación recibida, el 24 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, el sacerdote Luis Alberto Espósito formuló<strong>de</strong>nuncia penal por los hechos que resultara víctima el educador Sr. San Martín dando origen a laInvestigación Penal Preparatoria No. 12.147.74. Se informó que estas actuaciones se encontraban en plena etapa <strong>de</strong> investigación,tramitando diligencias <strong>de</strong> instrucción a fin <strong>de</strong> dar con los autores <strong>de</strong> los hechos <strong>de</strong>nunciados.75. Se subrayó que la investigación se encontraba en pleno trámite en la fecha que se recibióla carta pero que los autores <strong>de</strong> los hechos no habrían sido i<strong>de</strong>ntificados.76. Asimismo, se informó que recibieron <strong>de</strong>claraciones testimoniales e hicieron unareconstrucción <strong>de</strong> los hechos <strong>de</strong>nunciados con la presencial personal <strong>de</strong> la Fiscalía Intervinientey <strong>de</strong> los peritos <strong>de</strong> fotografía y vi<strong>de</strong>o <strong>de</strong> Fiscalía <strong>de</strong> Cámaras Departamental, como así también<strong>de</strong>l padre Luis Espósito, Director <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII. El funcionario judicial manifestó que enreiteradas oportunida<strong>de</strong>s el personal <strong>de</strong> Fiscalía realizó inspección <strong>de</strong>l lugar y recibió<strong>de</strong>claraciones testimoniales. También se informó que se encontraban realizando análisis <strong>de</strong>telefonía tanto <strong>de</strong> base como móvil para esclarecer los hechos.77. La Secretaría habría expresado al Subsecretario <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos la aspiración <strong>de</strong>que instructores especializados pertenecientes al Procuración <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Provincia <strong>de</strong> Buenos


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 15Aires colaboren en este proceso investigativo, con el fin <strong>de</strong> lograr un rápido esclarecimiento <strong>de</strong>los hechos <strong>de</strong>nunciados.78. En relación con las medidas <strong>de</strong> protección adoptadas, informaron que el encargado <strong>de</strong> lapesquisa habría informado que dispuso las consignas fijas <strong>de</strong> personal policial pertenecientes a laDivisión <strong>de</strong> Custodia <strong>de</strong>l Policía <strong>de</strong> la Provincia <strong>de</strong> Buenos Aires a efectos <strong>de</strong> custodias laFundación Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo como así también el Hogar Juan XXIII, para preservar a los jóvenesintegrantes <strong>de</strong> las mismas.79. Se informó que, con fecha 18 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, se convocó a la Policía Fe<strong>de</strong>ralArgentina a través <strong>de</strong> su Delegación en la Ciudad <strong>de</strong> Avellaneda para la realización <strong>de</strong> tareasinvestigativas y custodias fijas y dinámicas para brindar seguridad a las víctimas.80. En la carta fechada el 1 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 se informó que habían continuado lasinvestigaciones <strong>de</strong>scritos en las cartas previas. Por ejemplo, habían tomado <strong>de</strong>claracionestestimoniales y realizado la reconstrucción <strong>de</strong>l evento <strong>de</strong>scripto supra, encontrándose asimismopresente el padre Luis Espósito, Director <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII. También el suscripto se habíahecho presente en reiteradas oportunida<strong>de</strong>s junto a personal <strong>de</strong> la Fiscalía en el Hogar JuanXXIII, don<strong>de</strong> realizó una inspección <strong>de</strong>l lugar y recibió <strong>de</strong>claraciones testimoniales.81. En relación con las medidas adoptadas para garantizar la seguridad <strong>de</strong> Emanuel SanMartín y los <strong>de</strong>más miembros <strong>de</strong>l Hogar Juan XXIII, le informó que se habían dispuestoconsignas fijas <strong>de</strong> personal policial perteneciente a la División <strong>de</strong> Custodia <strong>de</strong> la policía <strong>de</strong> laProvincia <strong>de</strong> Buenos Aires a los efectos que custodien la fundación Pelota <strong>de</strong> Trapo y el HogarJuan XXIII, a los efectos <strong>de</strong> preservar a los jóvenes integrantes <strong>de</strong> las mismas.82. Posteriormente y más puntualmente <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el día 18 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, se habíaconvocado a la Policía Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Argentina a fin que realice tareas investigativas y se haga cargo<strong>de</strong> las custodias fijas para darles seguridad. La División <strong>de</strong> Custodia <strong>de</strong> la policía <strong>de</strong> la Provincia<strong>de</strong> Buenos Aires y la Delegación Avellaeda <strong>de</strong> Policía Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Argentina se habían continuadogarantizar la seguridad.83. Se informó que se estaban continuando realizar análisis <strong>de</strong> telefonía tanto <strong>de</strong> base comomóvil a fin <strong>de</strong> po<strong>de</strong>r esclarecer los injustos en examen, contando con la colaboración <strong>de</strong> personal<strong>de</strong> la Procuración <strong>de</strong> la Provincia <strong>de</strong> Buenos Aires.Observaciones84. La Relatora Especial agra<strong>de</strong>ce la información proporcionada por el Gobierno <strong>de</strong>Argentina en relación con las tres comunicaciones enviadas. La Relatora Especial insta alGobierno a realizar todos los esfuerzos para asegurar un ambiente seguro <strong>de</strong> modo que los<strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, particularmente <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los niños, niñas yjóvenes, puedan realizar su trabajo.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 16AzerbaijanUrgent appeal85. On 17 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal to the Government concerning youth activists Mr Adnan Hajiza<strong>de</strong> and Mr Emin “Milli”Abdullayev. Mr Adnan Hajiza<strong>de</strong> is a prominent vi<strong>de</strong>o-blogger and coordinator of the OL YouthOrganization. Mr Emin “Milli” Abdullayev is the co-foun<strong>de</strong>r and coordinator of the AlumniNetwork (AN) Youth Organization and head of ANTV Online. Mr Abdullayev has previouslyalso worked with the OSCE Office in Baku, the Council of Europe and the Friedrich EbertStiftung.86. According to information received, n 8 July 2009, Mr Hajiza<strong>de</strong> and Mr Abdullayev wereassaulted while having dinner at a Lebanese Restaurant in the centre of Baku, by two men incivilian clothing. The two individuals, who had been i<strong>de</strong>ntified as Mr Babek Huseynov and MrVusal Mammadov, addressed them in an aggressive manner and attacked them physically.Following the inci<strong>de</strong>nt, Mr Hajiza<strong>de</strong> and Mr Abdullayev went to the Sabail police station to filea complaint, and to report the injuries they had sustained. They were interrogated for severalhours by the police and subsequently arrested. They were transferred to the Khatai <strong>de</strong>tentioncentre at police station No 37. Mr Hajiza<strong>de</strong> and Mr Abdullayev were allowed to see their lawyersonly in the afternoon of 9 July 2009, and were examined by a doctor afterwards. According toinformation available, both sustained minor injuries. The assailants were not arrested.87. On 10 July 2009, Mr Hajiza<strong>de</strong> and Mr Abdullayev were again interrogated at the Sabailpolice station for several hours. Later that day, a preliminary hearing was held in their case at theSabail District Court. Mr Hajiza<strong>de</strong> and Mr Abdullayev were charged with hooliganism un<strong>de</strong>rarticle 221 of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong> of Azerbaijan, and were reman<strong>de</strong>d to two months pre-trial<strong>de</strong>tention pending further investigation of the case. The hearing in their case was held in closedsession.88. Concern was expressed that the arrest, <strong>de</strong>tention, and subsequent remand in <strong>de</strong>tention ofMr Hajiza<strong>de</strong> and Mr Abdullayev may be related to their activities in the <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights,especially to their activism in youth organizations. Further concern was expressed that theassailants of Mr Hajiza<strong>de</strong> and Mr Abdullayev were not arrested, and were present at theirhearing only as witnesses.Urgent appeal89. On 4 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the SpecialRapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard ofphysical and mental health, sent an urgent appeal concerning Mr. Novruzali Mammadov, Headof the Talysh Cultural Centre and Talysh language expert. Mr. Mammadov was the subject of anearlier communication, sent to your Excellency’s Government on 26 August 2008. A response tothat communication had been received on 13 March 2009.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1790. According to new information received, in June 2009, Mr. Novruzali Mammadov wasdiagnosed with several serious medical conditions by a doctor in Prison Colony No. 15,including cataract, prostate cancer and thyroid problems. On 28 July 2009, Mr. Mammadov wastransferred from Prison Colony to the central hospital for the penitentiary system, which is runby the Ministry of Justice.91. Mr. Mammadov is allegedly not receiving a<strong>de</strong>quate medical care in the hospital, wherehis health has further <strong>de</strong>teriorated. Reports claim that he has been <strong>de</strong>nied pain relief by thehospital staff and has received no treatment for his conditions yet.92. Concern was expressed that the health of Mr. Novruzali Mammadov may further<strong>de</strong>teriorate if he does not receive a<strong>de</strong>quate medical care and urgent attention.Response from the Government93. In a letter dated 6 October 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication senton 4 August 2009. At the time this report was finalized, the translation of the Government’sresponse had not been available yet.Letter of allegations94. On 18 September 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the SpecialRapporteur on the question of torture, sent a letter of allegations to the Government regarding the<strong>de</strong>ath of Mr. Novruzali Mammadov. Mr. Mammadov was the Head of the Talysh CulturalCentre, editor of now-<strong>de</strong>funct Talysh minority language newspaper, Talyshi Sado (Voice of theTalysh) and a Talysh language expert.95. Mr. Mammadov was the subject of an earlier communication sent to the Government on26 August 2008. A response to the first communication had been received on 13 March 2009. Asecond communication was sent on 4 August 2009.96. According to the information received, on 17 August 2009, Mr. Mammadov died in<strong>de</strong>tention at the hospital of the Ministry of Justice's Penitentiary Service in Baku where he hadbeen transfered on 27 July 2009. Mr. Mammadov’s serious health condition reportedly requiredurgent surgery. However, prison authorities allegedly failed to provi<strong>de</strong> him with a<strong>de</strong>quatemedical treatment, as reported by his family who was allowed to visit him on 30 July. Moreover,in the days prior to his <strong>de</strong>ath, and <strong>de</strong>spite his alleged aggravated condition and pain, Mr.Mammadov was placed in a common ward, lacking sanitary facilities and bed clothing.97. Grave concern was expressed that the lack of sufficient medical care and <strong>de</strong>plorableconditions of <strong>de</strong>tention may have aggravated Mr. Mammadov’s health condition leading to his<strong>de</strong>ath.Responses received to communications sent earlier98. In a letter dated 13 March 2009, the Government replied to the communication sent on 26August 2008, concerning Mr Novruzali Mammadov. In its response, the Government informedthat during the examination the information about the physical and psychological pressure on


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 18Novruzali Mammadov did not prove to be accurate. The forensic medical examination revealedno injuries on his body. The Government also provi<strong>de</strong>d the following information:99. “It was found that since 1992 Novruzali Mammadov carried out hostile activities againstthe Republic of Azerbaijan by helping Special Services of foreign country, providing them withspecial information, finding and contacting persons having required information, providing thatcountry with information about those persons. It was also proved that by cooperatingconfi<strong>de</strong>ntially with these organizations aimed at carrying out separatist propaganda in the area ofthe Republic of Azerbaijan where Tallishs live, he accepted money from the organizations forimplementing these activities and was involved with these activities since then till hisimprisonment.”100. Novruzali Mammadov Khanmammad oglu was sentenced to 10 years of imprisonment,alongsi<strong>de</strong> the confiscation of property according to the judgement dated 27.06.2008 of the Courtsof Serious Crimes of the Republic of Azerbaijan, being charged by Article 274 of the CriminalCo<strong>de</strong>”.Observations101. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of the finalization of this report, theGovernment had not transmitted a response to her communications of 17 July 2009 and 18September 2009. At the same time, the Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government forthe response provi<strong>de</strong>d to a communications sent on 26 August 2008, which was inclu<strong>de</strong>d in herprevious communications report.102. The Special Rapporteur wishes to remind the Government of the provisions of theDeclaration on human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, specifically article 6 parapraph (a), (b) and (c), whichprovi<strong>de</strong> that everyone has the right, individually and in association with others to know, seek,obtain, receive and hold information about all human rights and fundamental freedoms,including having access to how those rights and freedoms are given effect in domestic legislative,judicial or administrative systems. Article 6 parapraph (b) and (c) provi<strong>de</strong> that everyone has theright (...) freely to publish, impart or dissemminate to others views, information and knowledgeon all human rights and fundamental freedoms.Urgent appealBahrain103. On 19 February 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding the charges against, and the travel ban imposed on Mr.Abdulhadi Alkhawaja. Mr. Abdulhadi Alkhawaja is the former Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the Bahrain Centrefor Human Rights (BCHR) and currently protection coordinator at the non-governmentalorganization Front Line with responsibility for the Middle East and North Africa with theexception of Bahrain. Mr. Alkhawaja was the subject of 2 urgent appeals sent on 2 February2007 and on 14 December 2005. The Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to both communications.According to the information received:


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 19104. On 7 January 2009, Mr. Abdulhadi Alkhawaja <strong>de</strong>livered a speech during Ashora, anannual gathering commemorating the martyrdom of Imam Hussain, the third historic Imam ofShia. Mr. Alkhawaja had been invited due to his experience as a human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r inBahrain. In his intervention Mr. Abdulhadi Alkhawaja referred to the human rights situation inBahrain, and <strong>de</strong>nounced instances of corruption and discrimination. He also called for resistanceto human rights violations by peaceful means and civil disobedience.105. On 21 January, the office of the Attorney <strong>General</strong> or<strong>de</strong>red prosecution against Mr.Alkhawaja un<strong>de</strong>r articles 29(2), 160, 165, and 168(1) of the Penal Co<strong>de</strong>. He was charged with'propaganda to overthrow or change the political system by force', 'publicly instigating hatredand disrespect against the ruling regime', and 'willfully broadcasting false and malicious news,statements or rumors and spreading provocative propaganda related to the internal affairs of thecountry that could disturb public security and cause damage to the public interest'. These chargescarry the maximum sentence of up to ten years imprisonment.106. The first hearing in his case was held by the High Criminal Court on 8 February 2009,and subsequently adjourned to 11 March 2009. In the morning of 9 February 2009, Mr.Alkhawaja was prevented from leaving to go to Iraq, where he was scheduled to travel as theMiddle East coordinator of Front Line. He was told by passport control officers that there is anofficial or<strong>de</strong>r from the <strong>General</strong> Prosecution Office to prevent him from leaving the country.107. Concern is expressed that the charges against Mr. Abdulhadi Alkhawaja may be relatedto his legitimate activities <strong>de</strong>fending human rights, particularly his <strong>de</strong>fense of freedom ofexpression in Bahrain.Observations108. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of the finalization of this report, theGovernment had not transmitted a reply to her communications of 19 February 2009 and 28 July2008 and to the communication of the then Special Representative, sent on 18 January 2008. Sheconsi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications as an important part of the cooperation ofGovernments with her mandate, and urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised byher.109. In relation to the urgent appeal sent on 19 February 2009, the Special Rapporteurreiterates her concern regarding the situation of Mr. Abdulhadi Alkhawaja and in particular thatthe charges against him may still be pending <strong>de</strong>spite the suspension of his trial based on a requestby the Prosecution which was based on an amnesty or<strong>de</strong>r by the King in April 2009. She wishesto remind the Government of the provisions of the Declaration on human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs,specifically article 6 paragraph (b) and (c), which provi<strong>de</strong> that everyone has the right (...) freelyto publish, impart or disseminate to others views, information and knowledge on all humanrights and fundamental freedoms.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 20BelarusLetter of allegations110. On 14 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent a letter ofallegations to the Government concerning the judgment of the Supreme Court to maintain aprevious <strong>de</strong>cision by the Ministry of Justice not to register the human rights organization NashaViasna (Our Spring). Viasna has been working on various human rights issues since 1999,advocating human rights issues through the media, organizing education programs andmonitoring elections. In January 2009, Viasna launched a campaign for the abolition of the <strong>de</strong>athpenalty in Belarus.111. According to the information received, Viasna had been registered with the Ministry ofJustice since 1999, and was forced to close down in October 2003, as a result of a <strong>de</strong>cision by theSupreme Court, following the <strong>de</strong>mand of the Ministry of Justice. In April 2004, after havingexhausted all domestic remedies to challenge the <strong>de</strong>cision of the Supreme Court, the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt ofViasna and the Vice-Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of FIDH lodged a complaint with the UN Human RightsCommittee. In its communication of 24 July 2007 (no. 1296/2004), the Committee conclu<strong>de</strong>dthat Article 22 (1) of the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civil and Political Rights had been violated,and consi<strong>de</strong>red that the co-authors of the complaint were “entitled to an appropriate remedy,including the re-registration of Viasna”, and that “Belarus was un<strong>de</strong>r an obligation to take stepsto prevent similar violations occurring in the future”.112. On 15 April 2008, the Parliamentary <strong>Assembly</strong> of the Council of Europe reiterated theposition of the UN Human Rights Committee regarding the closure of Viasna and urged theBelarusian authorities to “repeal Article 193-1 of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>, criminalising activities ofnon-registered organizations”. (resolution 1606 of 15 April 2008).113. Despite the opinion of the UN Human Rights Committee, all subsequent attempts byViasna to register have failed. In January 2009, 67 members of Viasna submitted an applicationto the Ministry of Justice to register the NGO un<strong>de</strong>r the name “Nasha Viasna”, since Belarusianlegislation prevents the use of the name of an organization that had been liquidated. On 26February 2009, the organization was <strong>de</strong>nied registration by the Ministry of Justice due to theviolations concerning the holding its constituent congress. An appeal was lodged against this<strong>de</strong>cision, but on 22 April 2009 the court refused to consi<strong>de</strong>r it due to <strong>de</strong>fect of form. On 24 April2009, the Supreme Court also rejected the complaint by the foun<strong>de</strong>rs of Nasha Viasna against the<strong>de</strong>cision of the Ministry of Justice. The Supreme Court found that the <strong>de</strong>cision by the Ministry ofJustice was legal due to certain procedural violations by Nasha Viasna, including inaccuracies inthe foun<strong>de</strong>rs’ list and the organization’s Charter. All other arguments by the Ministry of Justicehad been found invalid. The Supreme Court also rejected the argument of the Ministry of Justicewhich claimed that Nasha Viasna’s constituent congress was not in full conformity with therelevant legislation.114. On 25 April 2009, Nasha Viasna applied for registration for the third time.115. Concern was expressed that the refusal to register Nasha Viasna may be connected to itswork in the <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, in particular its campaign for the abolition of the <strong>de</strong>ath


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 21penalty in Belarus. Further concern was expressed that the repeated refusal to register theorganization contravenes Article 22 of the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,to which Belarus is a party, and runs counter to the <strong>de</strong>cision by the UN Human RightsCommittee, and the resolution of the Parliamentary <strong>Assembly</strong> of the Council of Europe.Urgent appeal116. On 15 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, sent an urgent appeal to the Government regarding MrLeanid Svetsik, a human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r from Vitebsk. Since 2006, Mr Svetsik has submittedseveral complaints to the Human Rights Committee of the United Nations.117. A previous communication on his situation was addressed to the Government by theSpecial Rapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 10 June 2008, to which theGovernment replied on 18 August 2008.118. According to new information received, a court hearing against Mr Leanid Svetsikcommenced on 10 June 2009, in the Vitebsk regional court presi<strong>de</strong>d by Judge Mrs. GalinaUrbanovich. Mr Svetsik was first named as a witness in a case involving threats against certainindividuals from the extreme-right organization Russian National Unity. Mr. Svetsik was later<strong>de</strong>clared a suspect in the same case and is now charged un<strong>de</strong>r article 130, section 1, of theCriminal Co<strong>de</strong> (Incitement of racial, ethnic or religious enmity or discord). A second charge oflibel against the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Belarus un<strong>de</strong>r article 367 of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong> was dropped asunsubstantiated.119. In the period between 2006 and 2007, Mr. Svetsik was ren<strong>de</strong>ring legal aid to Vitebskcitizens, who received letters with threats on behalf of the extreme-right organization RussianNational Unity, and was helping to prepare complaints to prosecutors.120. During the current trial, several requests were ma<strong>de</strong> by Mr Svetsik to obtain relevantevi<strong>de</strong>ntiary material with a view to introducing it into the proceedings. These requests all relatedto the role of Mr Svetsik concerning the letters in question. However, reports indicate that thesewere all refused by Judge Urbanovich. Among them was a request for adactyloscopic/fingerprint expert examination to ascertain whether Mr Svetsik was implicated inthe writing of the letters. According to article 322, para. 2, of the Criminal Procedure Co<strong>de</strong>, thecourt is required to examine any petition in which the factual circumstances to be ascertained arerelevant to the criminal case.121. Concern was expressed that the charges laid against Mr. Svetsik may be related to hisactivities carried out in the <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights. Concern was also expressed that Mr Svetsikmight be not affor<strong>de</strong>d a fair trial.Response from the Government122. In a letter dated 31 August 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication senton 15 July 2009. In its response, the Government transmitted information provi<strong>de</strong>d by the Officeof the Procurator-<strong>General</strong> of the Republic of Belarus and the Supreme Court of the Republic ofBelarus.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 22123. The criminal proceedings against Mr. L. Svetik were heard by the Vitebsk ProvincialCourt in connection with the charge that he had committed an offence un<strong>de</strong>r article 130,paragraph 1, of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong> (Incitement to racial, ethnic or religious enmity or discord).124. In accordance with a <strong>de</strong>cision by the <strong>de</strong>puty prosecutor of Vitebsk province of 11 May2009, one of the charges against Mr. Svetik — committing an offence un<strong>de</strong>r article 367,paragraph 2, of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong> (Defamation of the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the Republic of Belarus) —was dropped.125. On 16 July 2009, the criminal division of the Vitebsk Provincial Court sentenced Mr.Svetik un<strong>de</strong>r article 130, paragraph 1, of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong> to pay a fine of 31,500,000Belarusian roubles (approximately US$ 11,130).126. The court found Mr. Svetik guilty of engaging, from July 2006 to January 2008, inpremeditated acts aimed at provoking ethnic enmity and discord among the Belarusian, Jewishand Russian ethnic groups, advocating the exclusivity and supremacy of the Russian ethnicgroup, and <strong>de</strong>meaning the <strong>national</strong> honour and dignity of the Belarusian and other ethnic groups.Coming to Vitebsk for this purpose, he posted pamphlets on behalf of an unregisteredorganization, Russian National Unity (Vitebsk branch), to the Vitebsk Provincial ExecutiveCommittee, newspapers, Belarusian theatres, and members of political parties and voluntaryassociations. The pamphlets contained pictures, statements and slogans aimed at provokingethnic and religious enmity and discord among the Belarusian, Jewish and Russian ethnic groups,advocating the exclusivity and supremacy of the Russian ethnic group and the Orthodox religion,and <strong>de</strong>meaning the <strong>national</strong> honour and dignity of the Belarusian, Jewish and other ethnic groups.127. The guilt of the accused, Mr. Svetik, was established by the testimony of the injuredparties, Mr. T. Gusachenko, Mr. V. Bazan, Mr. Y. Derzhavtsev and others, who stated that theyhad received and seen the pamphlets, the content of which <strong>de</strong>meaned the Belarusian, Jewish andother peoples.128. In addition, the conclusions of expert handwriting analysis indicated that the addresses onthe envelopes containing the pamphlets had been written by Mr. Svetik. Forensic analysisestablished that the pictures and printed text of the pamphlets were produced on a printer usingthe supplementary toner cartridge and paper that were seized from Mr. Svetik’s place ofresi<strong>de</strong>nce. Authorship analysis indicated that the texts of the letters containing the pamphlets sentto the injured parties and witnesses had all been written by the same person.129. According to the expert aca<strong>de</strong>mic analysis conducted by the linguistic commission, theRussian National Unity pamphlets un<strong>de</strong>r investigation may contain explicit incitement tointerethnic enmity and discord aimed at <strong>de</strong>meaning the <strong>national</strong> honour and dignity of theBelarusian, Jewish and other ethnic groups.130. The Vitebsk Province Procurator’s Office concurred with the court’s judgement.However, the sentence has not been carried out, since Mr. Svetik and his <strong>de</strong>fence counsel, Mr. P.Sapelko, have appealed by way of cassation to the criminal division of the Supreme Court of theRepublic of Belarus. The case is scheduled to be heard by the court of cassation on 15 September2009. Neither Mr. Svetik nor any other persons acting on his behalf have lodged a complaintwith the Office of the Procurator-<strong>General</strong> of the Republic of Belarus. Further information


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 23relating to the trial and the reliability of the facts set out in the petition will be provi<strong>de</strong>d after thehearing of the case by the court of cassation.Urgent appeal131. On 24 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding the judgment of the Supreme Court to maintain a previous<strong>de</strong>cision by the Ministry of Justice not to register the human rights organization ‘Nasha Viasna’(Our Spring). Nasha Viasna, previously known as Viasna, has been working on various humanrights issues since 1999, advocating for human rights through the media, organizing educationprograms, preparing alternative human rights reports on Belarus and monitoring elections. InJanuary 2009, it launched a campaign for the abolition of the <strong>de</strong>ath penalty in Belarus.132. The Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom ofopinion and expression and the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rspreviously sent a joint communication on 14 May 2009, concerning the refusal to register NashaViasna.133. According to the new information received, on 12 August 2009, the Supreme Court ofthe Republic of Belarus rejected an appeal of Nasha Viasna, confirming the <strong>de</strong>cision by theMinistry of Justice of 25 May 2009, not to register the organization. During the trial before theSupreme Court, which commenced on 10 August 2009, the Ministry of Justice reportedlycriticized minor <strong>de</strong>tails in Nasha Viasna’s registration application and accused members ofincluding distorted information in the application. In response to this, members of Nasha Viasnaargued that what the Ministry referred to as distorted information concerning the i<strong>de</strong>ntities of thefounding members were clerical errors. Also, the legal validity of a letter of guarantee for theorganization’s future premises was reportedly called into question by the Ministry of Justice.Representatives for Nasha Viasna highlighted that the Ministry of Justice had not objected to thesame letter in previous registration attempts. Despite the fact that the reasons given for nonregistrationof Nasha Viasna are not listed among those in Article 15 of the Law of the Republicof Belarus on Public Associations which stipulates the grounds on which registration of a publicassociation can be <strong>de</strong>nied, the Supreme Court Judge, Mr. Anatol Tserakh, subsequently agreedwith the <strong>de</strong>cision of the Ministry of Justice confirming the <strong>de</strong>nial of registration for NashaViasna. The human rights organization was reportedly also <strong>de</strong>nied the possibility of correctingits application so that it might comply with the requirements of the Ministry of Justice, incontradiction with Article 15 of the Law of the Republic of Belarus on Public Associationswhich allows for such corrections.134. Consi<strong>de</strong>ring that participating in the activities of an unregistered organization is a crimein Belarus un<strong>de</strong>r Article 193.1 of the criminal co<strong>de</strong>, members of Nasha Viasna now risk beingarrested if they continue their work in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights.135. Nasha Viasna has previously tried to register on several occasions, both un<strong>de</strong>r its originalname ‘Viasna’ and more recently un<strong>de</strong>r the new name ‘Nasha Viasna’. On 15 June 1999, Viasnawas originally registered by the Ministry of Justice. However, in 2003, following an inspectionby the Ministry of Justice of the statutory activities of Viasna’s branches, the Ministry of Justicefiled for the dissolution of the organization with the Supreme Court of Belarus, based on Article


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2429 of the Law on Public Associations, and Article 57 paragraph 2 of the Civil Procedure Co<strong>de</strong>.The Supreme Court subsequently or<strong>de</strong>red the dissolution of Viasna finding that Viasna did notcomply with the established procedure of sending its observers to the meetings of the electoralcommission and to the polling stations. The Court also found that the breach of the electoral lawswas reason enough to warrant the dissolution of Viasna. An appeal by Viasna to the Chairpersonof the Supreme Court was rejected on 24 December 2003.136. In April 2004, the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Viasna lodged a complaint with the UN Human RightsCommittee seeking whether the dissolution of Viasna amounted to a violation of the author andhis co-authors’ right to freedom of association. The Committee observed that, in accordance withArticle 22, paragraph 2 of the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, in or<strong>de</strong>r forthe interference with the freedom of association to be justified, any restriction on its exercisemust cumulatively meet the following conditions: (a) must be provi<strong>de</strong>d by law; (b) may only beimposed for one of the purposes set out in paragraph 2; and (c) must be “necessary in a<strong>de</strong>mocratic society” for achieving one of these purposes. The State party must further<strong>de</strong>monstrate that the prohibition of an association is necessary to avert a real and not onlyhypothetical danger to <strong>national</strong> security or <strong>de</strong>mocratic or<strong>de</strong>r, and that less intrusive measureswould be insufficient to achieve the same purpose. In its communication of 24 July 2007 (no.1296/2004), the Committee found that the court or<strong>de</strong>r which dissolved Viasna was based onperceived violations of the State party’s electoral laws. The Human Rights Committee alsoconclu<strong>de</strong>d that the dissolution of the association was disproportionate and did not meet therequirements of Article 22, paragraph 2, thus the authors’ rights un<strong>de</strong>r Article 22 (1) of theInter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civil and Political Rights had been violated. The Committee furtherconsi<strong>de</strong>red that the author and co-authors of the complaint were “entitled to an appropriateremedy, including the re-registration of Viasna and compensation”. It also found that “Belaruswas un<strong>de</strong>r an obligation to take steps to prevent similar violations occurring in the future”.137. On 15 April 2008, the Parliamentary <strong>Assembly</strong> of the Council of Europe reiterated theposition of the UN Human Rights Committee regarding the closure of Viasna and urged theBelarusian authorities to “repeal Article 193-1 of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>, criminalizing activities ofnon-registered organizations” (resolution 1606 of 15 April 2008).138. Despite the opinion of the UN Human Rights Committee, all subsequent attempts byViasna to re-register un<strong>de</strong>r a new name have failed. In January 2009, 67 members of Viasnasubmitted an application to the Ministry of Justice to register the NGO un<strong>de</strong>r the new name‘Nasha Viasna’, since Belarusian legislation prohibits the use of the name of an organization thathad been liquidated. On 26 February 2009, the Ministry of Justice <strong>de</strong>nied registration to theorganization due to violations concerning the holding of its constituent congress. An appeal waslodged against this <strong>de</strong>cision; on 22 April 2009 the court refused to consi<strong>de</strong>r it. On 24 April 2009,the Supreme Court also rejected the complaint by the foun<strong>de</strong>rs of Nasha Viasna against the<strong>de</strong>cision of the Ministry of Justice. The Supreme Court found that the <strong>de</strong>cision of the Ministry ofJustice was legal due to several procedural violations by Nasha Viasna, including irregularitiesfound in the foun<strong>de</strong>rs’ list and the organization’s Charter. At the same time, the Supreme Courtrejected all the other arguments of the Ministry of Justice, including the claim that theconstituent congress of Nasha Viasna was not in full conformity with the relevant legislation.139. On 25 April 2009, Nasha Viasna applied for registration for a third time. However, thisapplication was also rejected on the grounds that some of the information given concerning


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 25certain founding members was “distorted”, that some founding members had been the subject ofadministrative sentences, and that criminal charges had also been brought against some of them.140. Concern was expressed that the continuous and sustained refusal to register the humanrights organization Nasha Viasna might by related to its activities in the promotion and <strong>de</strong>fenseof human rights, in particular its campaign for the abolition of the <strong>de</strong>ath penalty in Belarus.Further concern was expressed that this verdict, and repeated refusal to register the organization,is in violation of inter<strong>national</strong> standards, in particular Article 22 of the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant onCivil and Political Rights, to which Belarus is a party, and runs counter to the <strong>de</strong>cision by theUN Human Rights Committee, and the resolution of the Parliamentary <strong>Assembly</strong> of the Councilof Europe.Response from the Government141. In a letter dated 1 October 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication senton 24 August 2009. In its response, the Government transmitted information submitted by thecompetent State authorities regarding the registration of the non-governmental human rightsorganization Nasha Viasna.142. On 25 April 2009, the Ministry of Justice received documents applying for Stateregistration of the non-governmental human rights organization Nasha Viasna.143. On 25 May 2009, the Ministry of Justice took the <strong>de</strong>cision to refuse Nasha Viasna Stateregistration, on the grounds that the documents submitted did not meet legislative requirements.144. The so-called “minor errors” (clerical errors) in the documents submitted by thosewishing to initiate the registration process for Nasha Viasna in fact amount to serious violationsof legal requirements. Pursuant to article 13 of the Non-Governmental Organizations Act(hereafter “the Act”), one of the documents required by the registering body is a foun<strong>de</strong>rs’ listfor the NGO. This list must also contain information on the place of work of each of theorganization’s foun<strong>de</strong>rs, and their daytime telephone numbers.145. The Nasha Viasna foun<strong>de</strong>rs’ list contains false information on a number of people. In thisregard, repeated violations have been committed in the form of the provision of unreliable andfalsified information about the founding members. The attention of the registration applicantshas already been drawn to similar violations in a previous letter regarding the refusal of Stateregistration for Nasha Viasna, dated 2 March 2009.146. It follows that the Ministry of Justice has not received the organization’s foun<strong>de</strong>rs’ list asrequired un<strong>de</strong>r article 13 of the Act. This, according to article 15 (3), paragraph 4, of the Act,constitutes grounds for refusing Nasha Viasna registration. The claim that the Ministry of Justicehad previously not expressed any objection to the letter of guarantee regarding the legal addressof Nasha Viasna is unfoun<strong>de</strong>d.147. The letter of guarantee, as with the previous set of documents submitted for registration,was signed by Dmitry Sergeevich Solovyev. Of all the information required, the letter containsonly his forename, patronymic and family name, which are not sufficient for i<strong>de</strong>ntifying theowner of the premises.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 26148. According to the Nasha Viasna foun<strong>de</strong>rs’ list, as on the previous occasion, Mr.Solovyev’s place of resi<strong>de</strong>nce is 5A Ulitsa Sadovaya, Bolshevik Agro-town, in Minsk district.Attached to the letter of guarantee is a copy of the registration certificate relating to the premisescovered by the guarantee, which it states are located in Vitebsk province (in the town ofNovopolotsk).149. In this connection, the Ministry of Justice checked the authenticity of the documentsregarding Nasha Viasna’s legal address. Although a letter of enquiry was sent to Mr. Solovyev’shome address, as registered on the foun<strong>de</strong>rs’ list, on 28 January 2009, no reply has been received.The postal services returned the letter to the Ministry of Justice on 5 March 2009, stating that ithad not been possible to <strong>de</strong>liver it to Mr. Solovyev. The Ministry of Justice established in May2009 that Mr. Solovyev does not live at the address provi<strong>de</strong>d by the foun<strong>de</strong>rs of Nasha Viasna.150. In these circumstances, and having received new information and documents on 25 April2009 relating to the State registration of Nasha Viasna, and taking account of the fact that theproperty belonging to Mr. D. Solovyev is in Novopolotsk, the Ministry of Justice instructed theNovopolotsk municipal executive committee to investigate the possibility of using thesepremises as a legal address. Mr. Solovyev, however, categorically refused to grant therepresentative of the Novopolotsk municipal executive committee access to the premises.Furthermore, Mr. Solovyev did not report to the Ministry of Justice to validate his signatures onthe letter of guarantee, and did not indicate a convenient date and time when he would be able toshow the premises for inspection.151. Thus, Mr. Solovyev broke the law by <strong>de</strong>liberately refusing to allow the competentauthorities an opportunity to check that the premises indicated in the letter of guarantee are inappropriate operational condition. As a result, the registering body was not presented with themandatory appropriately drafted document required un<strong>de</strong>r article 13 of the Act which wouldconfirm that the NGO has a legal address. This, un<strong>de</strong>r article 15 (3), paragraph 4, of the Act,provi<strong>de</strong>s grounds for refusing Nasha Viasna State registration.152. The suggestion of a possible violation of article 22 of the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civiland Political Rights cannot be consi<strong>de</strong>red well foun<strong>de</strong>d. All citizens of the Republic of Belarus,including all the foun<strong>de</strong>rs of Nasha Viasna, enjoy the right to freedom of association. However,like all other citizens, the foun<strong>de</strong>rs of Nasha Viasna had an obligation to present documents forState registration of their organization to the Ministry of Justice in accordance with the law.They failed to do so. Responsibility for the violations of the law in respect of the drafting andprovision of those documents lies with the foun<strong>de</strong>rs of Nasha Viasna.153. It should also be noted that pursuant to the Act, in the event that the foun<strong>de</strong>rs of anorganization disagree with a <strong>de</strong>cision taken by the Ministry of Justice, they can appeal to thecourts, which was how the foun<strong>de</strong>rs of Nasha Viasna procee<strong>de</strong>d.154. Having studied all the facts connected with the Ministry of Justice’s consi<strong>de</strong>ration ofNasha Viasna’s registration documents, the Supreme Court, by <strong>de</strong>cision of 12 August 2009,refused the appeal lodged by A. Belyatsky, V. Stefanovich and V. Labkovich against the<strong>de</strong>cision of the Ministry of Justice, which it found to be lawful.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 27155. The refusal to register Nasha Viasna is based on the organization’s systematic failure tocomply with registration requirements and procedures, and is not connected with theorganization’s human rights activities.156. It should also be noted that the reference ma<strong>de</strong> in the Special Rapporteurs’communication to the <strong>de</strong>cisions of organizations and bodies that are not connected to the UnitedNations, and of which Belarus is not a member, is inappropriate.Responses to communications sent earlier157. By a letter dated 14 February 2008, the Government respon<strong>de</strong> d to a communication senton 19 December 2007, concerning the Belarusian Congress of Democratic Tra<strong>de</strong> Unions(BKDP). The Government transmitted information provi<strong>de</strong>d by the authorities of the Republic ofBelarus on the activities of the Belarusian law enforcement agencies in connection with membersof the Belarusian Congress of Democratic Tra<strong>de</strong> Unions. On 6 December 2007, the InternalAffairs Office of the Lenin district of Minsk received information that, in contravention of theMass Activities in the Republic of Belarus Act, leaflets were being printed at the office of theBelarusian Congress of Democratic Tra<strong>de</strong> Unions (BKDP), 80-80 Yakubov Street, encouragingparticipation in an unauthorized meeting on Oktyabrskaya Square, Minsk, on 10 December 2007.By a <strong>de</strong>cision of the Minsk Executive of 4 December 2007, the holding of a meeting in thesquare on 10 December 2007 had been prohibited. Article 8 of the Act states that, untilpermission to hold a mass meeting has been received, the Organizer or organizers, or any otherpersons, may not advertise in the mass media the date, place or time of such meeting or prepareor distribute leaflets, posters or other material for such a purpose.158. Upon entering the address in question, the police established that the occupants of theoffice premises were not members of BKDP, but N. Sergeenko, unemployed, and A. Makaev,self-employed, both resi<strong>de</strong>nts of Minsk, who were preparing a printed product encouragingparticipation in an unauthorized meeting. The persons concerned claimed to be friends of theorganizers of BKDP, who were absent from the office. It proved impossible to contact theorganizers of BKDP in or<strong>de</strong>r to establish the lawfulness of the men's presence in the office andtheir use of printing equipment. The persons concerned were consequently conveyed to theInternal Affairs Office of the Lenin district of Minsk to establish their i<strong>de</strong>ntity, in accordancewith article 82 (Administrative offences) of the Procedural Enforcement Co<strong>de</strong> of the Republic ofBelarus and for an explanation of why they were in the office and preparing a printed product.159. Un<strong>de</strong>r questioning, Mr. Sergeenko stated that, having access to the office, lie had beenpreparing, on his own initiative, a printed product on a printing press located in the officecontaining a call to take part in an unauthorized meeting on Oktyabrskaya Square, Minsk, on 10December 2007. In accordance with the procedures provi<strong>de</strong>d for un<strong>de</strong>r article 10.13 of theProcedural Enforcement Co<strong>de</strong> and the rules of the Internal Affairs Office of the Lenin district ofMinsk governing the inspection of the location of an administrative offence, a search of theoffice premises was conducted on the authorization of the procurator of the Lenin district ofMinsk on 6 December 2007. The search, which was conducted on the basis of article 8.9 of theCo<strong>de</strong>, discovered a total of 5,2501eaflets calling for participation in an unauthorized massactivity, which were confiscated, together with printing equipment (a Riso RP 3 100 EP DigitalDuplicator). The results of the search, establishing the unlawful use of printing equipment andthe preparation of a printed product containing a call for participation in an unauthorized meeting,


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 28was duly recor<strong>de</strong>d in accordance with normal procedure in the Internal Affairs Office of theLenin district of Minsk. On more than one occasion, the Internal Affairs Office of the Lenindistrict of Minsk called the mobile telephone numbers of the Chairman of BKDP, A. Yaroshuk,and the Vice-Chairman, N. Kannakh, inviting them to attend the Office in or<strong>de</strong>r to clarify thediscoveries that had been ma<strong>de</strong>. The two men refused, however, to come to the Office to provi<strong>de</strong>explanations or to be informed of the results of the search. During the course of the investigation,the police repeatedly went to the BKDP premises at 80-80 Yakubov Street, Minsk, but thepersons on the premises stated that the union lea<strong>de</strong>rs were out of Minsk on business.160. It was only on 26 December 2007 that Mr. Yaroshuk was personally summoned to theInternal Affairs Office of the Lenin district, on the basis of article 6.12, paragraphs 1 and 2, ofthe Co<strong>de</strong> of Procedural Enforcement, to provi<strong>de</strong> documentary evi<strong>de</strong>nce of the lawful acquisitionof the Riso RP 3 100 EP Digital Duplicator, in pursuance of Decision No. 1376 of the Council ofMinisters of Belarus, of 20 October 2003, on regulations for the licensing of publishing andprinting operations and Decision No. 29 of the Ministry of Information, of 4 November 2003, onmatters relating to publishing and printing operations, which lay down a compulsory procedurefor receiving permission to acquire such printing equipment. A request was also sent to theBelarus Ministry of Information with a view to confirming that BKDP had acquired the printingequipment in question lawfully.161. On 11 January 2008, a reply was received from the Ministry of Information, stating thatpermission to acquire and install a Riso RP 3 100 EP Digital Duplicator in the BKDP office at80-80 Yakubov Street, Minsk, had not been granted. On 11 January 2008, in pursuance of article11.3, paragraph 2, and article 3.30, paragraph 54 (1), of the Co<strong>de</strong> of Procedural Enforcement, theevi<strong>de</strong>nce relating to the unlawful use of printing equipment (a digital duplicator) at 80-80Yakubov Street, Minsk, was <strong>de</strong>spatched to the Belarus Ministry of Information for a <strong>de</strong>cision onthe prosecution of the guilty parties for offences un<strong>de</strong>r article 22.9 (Infringement of the law onprinting and other mass media) and article 23.36 (Infringement of the regulations on theacquisition and sale of printing equipment) of the Belarus Co<strong>de</strong> of Administrative Offences.According to information provi<strong>de</strong>d by the Belarus Ministry of Information, an official report onthe administrative offence committed by Mr. Yaroshuk, the Chairman of BKDP, was drawn upun<strong>de</strong>r article 23.36 of the Co<strong>de</strong> of Administrative Offences and submitted to the Lenin DistrictCourt, Minsk, for consi<strong>de</strong>ration. According to the Lenin District Court, Minsk, the evi<strong>de</strong>nce wassubmitted to the Court on 7 February 2008. As of 11 February 2008, it had not been consi<strong>de</strong>redby the Court. An investigation of the treatment of Mr. Yaroshuk, Chairman of BKDP, conductedby the Director of Public Prosecutions for the Lenin district, reached the conclusion that theclaims by the complainant of unlawful conduct by the police were unfoun<strong>de</strong>d.162. It should also be pointed out that, on being conveyed to the Internal Affairs Office of theLenin district of Minsk on 6 December 2007, Mr. Sergeenko and Mr. Makaev actedprovocatively and used obscene language. A formal report relating to administrativeoffencesun<strong>de</strong>r article 17.1 (Petty hooliganism) of the Co<strong>de</strong> of Administrative Offences wasdrawn up by the police for the two men concerned. Having been presented with theadministrative evi<strong>de</strong>nce, the accused were summoned to appear before the Lenin District Courtand released. The administrative evi<strong>de</strong>nce was consi<strong>de</strong>red by the Lenin District Court on 12 and17 December 2007. Mr. Sergeenko was sentenced to 10 days' administrative <strong>de</strong>tention and Mr.Makaev fined twice the standard rate (70,000 Belarus roubles, or approximately US$ 32),


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 29163. In a letter dated 9 January 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent18 November 2008, concerning Ms. Yana Paliakova. A translation of the response was notavailable at the time the previous communications report was submitted.164. The Government noted that on instructions from the Office of the Procurator <strong>General</strong> ofthe Republic of Belarus, the procurator's office for Minsk province has consi<strong>de</strong>red the letter fromthe Special Rapporteurs of the United Nations Human Rights Council concerning the illegal actsallegedly committed by law enforcement officers of Salihorsk district against Ms. YanaVitalevna Polyakova. No harassment of Ms. Polyakova for her human rights activities has beenestablished. Since 2000, Ms. Polyakova has been officially unemployed. She has never held, nordoes she currently hold, a licence to practise law. Ms. Polyakova is not well regar<strong>de</strong>d at her placeof resi<strong>de</strong>nce. Her neighbours have filed numerous complaints of disor<strong>de</strong>rly conduct withresi<strong>de</strong>ntial board No. 4 and with the internal affairs agencies. For example, on 20 August 2008Ms. Polyakova attacked her neighbour, Ms. A.D. Medve<strong>de</strong>va, for having filed a complaintagainst lier with the internal affairs agencies for walking lier dog without a muzzle, as a result ofwhich the dog had bitten Ms. Medve<strong>de</strong>va. In this connection, a court heard the case concerningthe administrative offence committed by Ms. Polyakova. The case was settled throughconciliation between Ms. Polyakova and Ms. Medve<strong>de</strong>va and is now closed.165. Ms. Polyakova's claim that she was arrested by a neighbourhood police officer and twouni<strong>de</strong>ntified men and then assaulted by police officers has been investigated by the procurator'soffice for Salihorsk district.166. On 1 September 2008, the Salihorsk district procurator's office received a statement fromMs. Polyakova in which she indicated that she had begun receiving threatening calls on herhome phone from uni<strong>de</strong>ntified persons <strong>de</strong>manding that she meet with officers of the StateSecurity Committee (KGB) and internal affairs agencies. In her statement, she also reported thatshe had been arrested on 31 August 2008 in town by Mr. V.A. Pugachev, a neighbourhoodpolice officer, who was accompanied by two uni<strong>de</strong>ntified men, and driven to the Salihorskdistrict internal. affairs office (police station). There, in his office, Mr. Pugachev proposed thatshe sign some documents. When she tried to read them, lie hit her on the arm with an elongatedcylindrical object, and subsequently another person hit her on the legs.167. The forensic medical report conclu<strong>de</strong>d that when Ms. Polyakova was examined byexperts on 2 September 2008 she had bruises on her right palm, her left calf and the outsi<strong>de</strong> ofher right shin; they were minor injuries and had no short-term health effects. It was impossible toconfirm or disprove Ms. Polyakova's statements about the calls to her home phone. For technicalreasons, information about incoming calls is not registered at the automatic telephone exchange.According to information from the head of the Salihorsk municipal KGB unit, KGB officersissued no summns, including by telephone, for Ms. Polyakova. Ms. Polyakova's claims that shewas arrested on 31 August 2008 by Mr. Pugachev; the internal affairs officer, taken to theSalihorsk district police station and assaulted there were not substantiated.168. It was established that on 31 August 2008 there were holiday celebrations in the town ofSalihorsk, and that internal affairs officers were stationed there between the hours of 9 a.m. and10 p.m. to maintain or<strong>de</strong>r. Mr. Pugachev was at that time on duty in the town's central square. Hedid not absent himself for any exten<strong>de</strong>d periods, as attested by the <strong>de</strong>ployment plan of the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 30Salihorsk district internal affairs office and by explanations given by internal affairs officers. Onthat day, Mr. Pugachev did not arrest Ms. Polyakova or summon her to the district police station.169. Ms. Polyakova was summoned to appear before neighbourhood police officer Pugachevon 1 September 2008 in connection with Ms. Medve<strong>de</strong>va's complaint that she had been attackedby Ms. Polyakova. Instead, Ms. Polyakova appeared at the Salihorsk district police station on 31August 2008 at Il. 18 a.m., informing the officer on duty that she had been summoned by Mr.Pugachev. The duty officer duly recor<strong>de</strong>d her visit in the log and informed her that the officer inquestion was absent. Ms. Polyakova then stated that she had "no intention of chasing him down",and after a short time, she left the building.170. On examination, the Salihorsk district police station log was found to contain an entryindicating that Ms. Polyakova addressed the duty officer at 11.22 a.m. on 31 August 2008. Thepolice station's vi<strong>de</strong>o surveillance system shows Ms. Polyakova entering the buildingunaccompanied at 11.18 a.m. on 31 August 2008. She immediately approached the <strong>de</strong>sk of theduty officer and sat down on a bench nextto the officer, who recor<strong>de</strong>d her data in the log. Whilein the building, Ms. Polyakova did not go to the second floor, where Mr. Pugachev's office islocated, nor did she speak with anyone other than the duty officer. At 11.34 a.m., she left thebuilding and did not return. The Salihorsk ambulance station received a call from Ms. Polyakovaon 31 August 2008 at 11.41 a.m. An ambulance paramedic, Mr. V.I. Sereda, explained that on 31August 2008 at around 11.30 a.m. he arrived at the Salihorsk district police station behind aninternal affairs officer who was supposed to assist medical workers in transporting a mentallydisturbed individual. Near the building, he was approached by a young woman, who turned outto be Ms. Polyakova, and who stated that it was she who had called for an ambulance, as herright ami was hurting. She had swelling and bruises on the back of the hand. Mr. Sereda repliedthat he had not come in response to lier call. Ms. ,Polyakova said nothing about having beenbeaten by internal affairs officers. At the instruction of the ambulance dispatcher, Mr. Seredareturned to the district police station at around 12 noon to assist Ms. Polyakova. She began to cryand claimed that she had been beaten by internal affairs officers. She also complained of pain inher legs.171. The investigation bythe Salihorsk district procurator's office conclu<strong>de</strong>d that on 31 August2008 internal affairs officers did not arrest Ms. Polyakova, bring her to the Salihorsk districtpolice station or subject her to violent treatment. Ms. Polyakova's injuries were sustained not inthe police station, but in other circumstances, which she is intentionally concealing. On 11September 2008, the criminal case against Ms. Polyakova was dropped, and she was informed ofthis in writing. The Minsk provincial procurator's office on 11 December 2008 overturned the<strong>de</strong>cision of the Salihorsk district procurator's office not to bring a criminal case against Ms.Polyakova for intentionally filing a false report. The case file was referred back to the Salihorskdistrict procurator's office so that criminal proceedings could be instituted against Ms. Polyakovaun<strong>de</strong>r article 400, part 2, of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong> (Intentionally filing a false report, with anaccusation of a serious crime).172. An investigation into the injuries sustained by Ms. Polyakova on 9 October 2008 wascarried out by the Salihorsk district internal affairs office. It conclu<strong>de</strong>d that at around 5 p.m. nearthe door of the corridor in the apartment building where Ms. Polyakova resi<strong>de</strong>d, an uni<strong>de</strong>ntifiedman struck Ms. Polyakova inflicting injuries on her; these were not serions and had no shorttermhealth effects. According to the forensic medical report, a bruise was <strong>de</strong>tected on Ms.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 31Polyakova's right forehead. It was not possible to i<strong>de</strong>ntify the man. The investigation by theSalihorsk district internal affairs office resulted in a <strong>de</strong>cision not to open a criminal case, as theactions of the uni<strong>de</strong>ntified individual did not constitute a crime. Once the perpetrator is i<strong>de</strong>ntified,he will be charged with an administrative offence un<strong>de</strong>r article 9.1 of the Co<strong>de</strong> of AdministrativeOffences (Disor<strong>de</strong>rly conduct). There has been no indication that this act is connected with Ms.Polyakova's human rights activities.173. On 27 October 2008, the Salihorsk district procurator's office received a statement fromMs. Polyakova, copies of which were also sent by her to the embassies of the United States ofAmerica, Germany, Poland and France. In the statement, she claimed that on 9 October 2008, atthe entry to lier place of resi<strong>de</strong>nce, an uni<strong>de</strong>ntified man struck lier twice on the head. Accordingto Ms. Polyakova, at the Salihorsk district police station, where she was taken to be interviewed,an internal affairs officer threw her to the floor, as a result of which she was badly hurt in theregion of lier spine and right leg.174. An investigation conducted regarding this statement established that on 9 October 2008at 5.01 p.m. a call had been received from Ms. Polyakova according to which an uni<strong>de</strong>ntifiedperson had beaten her in the entry to lier apartment house. The ambulance crew brought lier tothe central district hospital, and once medical assistance had been provi<strong>de</strong>d, to the police stationfor interview. However, during the interview, Ms. Polyakova said that she felt unwell, and so at7.49 p.m. another ambulance was called for her. Ms. Polyakova did not wait for the ambulanceto arrive. She left the building. As a result, she had to be tracked down on the street. When thedoctors remarked that she had already received qualified medical assistance, Ms. Polyakovareacted inappropriately; she began swearing at the medical staff and screaming. She did notaddress the doctors' remarks. She refused medical assistance and attempted to leave the building.A neighbourhood police officer, Mr. A.V. Sindikevich, asked her to return, calm down and takea seat on a bench. He took lier by the hand to escort her to the bench. In response, Ms. Polyakovaabruptly threw herself to the floor. Sitting on the floor, she began to make calls on her mobilephone, saying that internal affairs officers were beating lier, that they had "broken [lier] spine"and that her "back huit". According to the vi<strong>de</strong>o recordings taken in the entrance hall of thedistrict police station, Ms. Polyakova sat on the floor for at least 35 minutes. During this time,she was on numerous occasions invited to stand up, but she continued to sit there until the arrivalof a new ambulance crew, which had been called by the internal affairs officers because of theconflict between Ms. Polyakova and the previous crew. The forensic medical report conclu<strong>de</strong>dthat apart from the bruise on lier forehead referred to above, there were no signs of injury on Ms.Polyakova's body, including in the region of lier spine.175. Because Ms. Polyakova's complaint of the use of violence against internal affairs officerson 9 October 2008 was also not borne out, the 5alihorsk district procurator's office on 27November 2008 <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d not to institute criminal proceedings against the officers, for lack ofevi<strong>de</strong>nce that a crime had been committed. Ms. Polyakova failed to appear at procurators' officeswhen, on numerous occasions, she was summoned by them. The Office of the Procurator<strong>General</strong> of the Republic of Belarus agreed with the <strong>de</strong>cisions not to open a criminal case inrespect of Ms. Polyakova's complaints.176. In a letter dated 3 September 2008, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication senton 5 August 2008, concerning Ms. Zhanna Popova, Mr Vyacheslav Andreev and Ms Olga


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 32Karatch. A translation of the response was not available at the time the previouscommunications report was submitted.177. In its response the Government noted that in September 2005, uni<strong>de</strong>ntified individuals setoff explosions of home-ma<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>vices in Vitebsk; as a result, 54 persons received wounds ofvarious <strong>de</strong>grees. In this regard, the investigative <strong>de</strong>partment of the Vitebsk province procurator’soffice instituted criminal proceedings (case No. 05023280078); the case is still un<strong>de</strong>rinvestigation.178. On 4 July 2008, a home-ma<strong>de</strong> explosive <strong>de</strong>vice was <strong>de</strong>tonated in Minsk near PobediteleiAvenue, injuring over 50 persons. Earlier, on 3 July 2008, a home-ma<strong>de</strong> explosive <strong>de</strong>vice wasfound in the same area and <strong>de</strong>activated. One possibility being consi<strong>de</strong>red by the investigativebodies is that the same individuals were responsible for <strong>de</strong>tonating or planning the explosions inVitebsk and Minsk.179. The investigation established that, on 23 and 24 July 2005, Mr. I.V. Solovyev, who livesin Vitebsk, in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ntly ma<strong>de</strong> an explosive substance; Mr. Solovyev’s careless handling of thesubstance resulted in an explosion in which he was seriously injured.180. The home-ma<strong>de</strong> explosive <strong>de</strong>vice discovered in Minsk on 3 July 2008 contained anexplosive the chemical composition of which is i<strong>de</strong>ntical to the substance synthesized by Mr.Solovyev. This fact led to the consi<strong>de</strong>ration of the possibility that Mr. Solovyev might have beeninvolved in the production of the explosive <strong>de</strong>vices and in the explosions in Vitebsk and Minsk.Mr. Solovyev is an acquaintance of Ms. Z.V. Popova. They live in the same building. Ms.Popova is on friendly terms with Mr. Solovyev’s mother. A few minutes after the explosion thattook place on 24 July 2005, Ms. Popova was in Mr. Solovyev’s apartment, having opened thedoor with her own key. Ms. Popova has a criminal record. She was diagnosed as suffering frominvolutional paranoia and was for a long time un<strong>de</strong>r psychiatric treatment.181. The investigators consi<strong>de</strong>red the possible involvement of Ms. Popova or individualslinked to her in the organization of the explosions in Vitebsk and Minsk. It is assumed that suchindividuals could have taken advantage of Mr. Solovyev’s knowledge of chemistry and hisability to make explosives. In or<strong>de</strong>r to verify this hypothesis, Mr. D.I. Yanush, the investigatorfor serious cases of the investigative <strong>de</strong>partment of the Vitebsk province procurator’s office andwho is <strong>de</strong>aling with the criminal case involving the explosions in Vitebsk, took <strong>de</strong>cisions tosearch the homes of Ms. Popova and Mr. Solovyev. The <strong>de</strong>cisions were approved by the <strong>de</strong>putyprocurator for Vitebsk province. In both cases, the search was assigned to officers of theDepartment for Combating Organized Crime attached to the Ministry of Internal Affairs ofBelarus. The officers also took comprehensive measures with a view to ascertaining whether ornot Ms. Popova and Mr. Solovyev could have been involved in the explosions in Vitebsk andMinsk. Ms. Popova’s and Mr. Solovyev’s homes were searched on 23 July 2008. The searcheswere conducted correctly. Neither Ms. Popova nor Mr. Solovyev submitted any complaints aboutthe militia officers involved in the search.182. On the other hand, for almost three hours prior to the start of the search, Ms. Popovarefused to allow the militia officers to enter her apartment, in spite of the fact that they presentedthe requisite documents. The militia officers entered the apartment only after the arrival of V.A.Shchukin, O.E. Karach and others, who were present during the search. No conflict situations


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 33arose in the course of the search. Neither Ms. Popova nor those present during the searchsubmitted any complaints about the actions of the militia officers. They proposed that Ms.Popova go to the Department for Combating Organized Crime for Vitebsk province forquestioning as a witness in the bombing case. At Ms. Popova’s request, Mr. V. Andreev and Mr.O. Karach, who had been present during the search, were allowed to accompany her; they agreedof their own accord to ri<strong>de</strong> in the militia vehicle to Zheleznodorozhny district internal affairsoffice.183. At the district internal affairs office, Mr. Andreev and Mr. Karach were requested toallow themselves to be fingerprinted and photographed. It was explained to them that, un<strong>de</strong>rBelarusian law, they had the right to refuse. Mr. Andreev and Mr. Karach ma<strong>de</strong> use of their rightand refused to be fingerprinted and photographed, after which they left the militia office. Nodocuments concerning the presence of the aforementioned persons in the militia office weredrawn up. Mr. Andreev and Mr. Karach did not make any complaints and expressed theirsatisfaction with the correct and tactful conduct of the proceedings. They were at the districtinternal affairs office for no longer than 10 minutes. Mr. Andreev and Mr. Karach thenprocee<strong>de</strong>d to the Department for Combating Organized Crime for Vitebsk province, where theywaited for the release of Ms. Popova, who was being questioned by an officer from the CentralAdministration for Combating Organized Crime attached to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Noone <strong>de</strong>tained, searched or questioned the aforementioned persons, and no one confiscated any oftheir property. No questions were raised about the human rights activities of these persons.184. The Vitebsk province procurator’s office does not have any documents concerning theconfiscation from Ms. Popova of copies of the 24 April 2008 edition of the newspaper Vitebskykuryer M. The conduct of the search of Ms. Popova’s home was not in any way related to theseinci<strong>de</strong>nts. The conduct of the search of Ms. Popova’s home was in no way related to her humanrights activities. During the search of Ms. Popova’s apartment on 23 July 2008, diskettes,compact discs and flashcards were confiscated. On 8 August 2008, all confiscated property wasreturned to Ms. Popova.185. In general, the investigation into Ms. Popova’s involvement in the explosions in Vitebskand Minsk, including the search of her home, was conducted in strict compliance with legislationcurrently in force, with due respect for all inter<strong>national</strong> norms and standards relating to the rightto freedom of opinion and expression, and all the relevant provisions of the Constitution ofBelarus. In connection with the aforementioned events, the citizens in question did not appeal tothe Supreme Court of Belarus or to any other judicial authority.Observations186. The Special Rapporteur thanks the Government of Belarus for the <strong>de</strong>tailed responsesprovi<strong>de</strong>d her communications. The Special Rapporteur remains concerned, however, that theenvironment in which human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs are able to operate appears to have remained veryrestrictive. In this connection, the Special Rapporteur wishes to remind the Government of theprovisions contained in the Declaration on human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, in particular articles 1 and 2which state that “everyone has the right individually or in association with others, to promoteand to strive for the protection and realization of human rights and fundamental freedoms at the<strong>national</strong> and inter<strong>national</strong> levels” and that “each State has a prime responsibility and duty toprotect, promote and implement all human rights and fundamental freedoms, inter alia, by


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 34adopting such steps as may be necessary to create all conditions necessary in the social,economic, political and other fields, as well as the legal guarantees required to ensure that allpersons un<strong>de</strong>r its jurisdiction, individually and in association with others, are able to enjoy allthose rights and freedoms in practice”.187. With regard to the right to freedom of association, the Special Rapporteur wishes to drawthe attention of the Government to the recommendations contained in her 2009 report to the<strong>General</strong> <strong>Assembly</strong>, contained in document A/64/226.Llamamiento urgenteBolivia188. El 25 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con el intento <strong>de</strong> asesinato <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Miguel EstebenGonzález Bonilla, director regional <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Estudios Jurídicos e Investigación Social(CEJIS) en el Beni, así como las acciones <strong>de</strong> intimidación, persecución y violencia perpetradascontra los miembros <strong>de</strong> esta organización.189. El CEJIS promueve los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> las comunida<strong>de</strong>s indígenas y campesinas y realizatareas como ayudar a las comunida<strong>de</strong>s a reclamar sus <strong>de</strong>rechos a las tierras comunales.190. Según la información recibida, el 27 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, dos hombres que se <strong>de</strong>splazabanen una motocicleta habrían disparado contra el vehículo <strong>de</strong> trabajo <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Gonzáles Bonillamientras conducía por la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Trinidad. El disparo habría atravesado el vidrio trasero y porpocos centímetros la bala no habría impactado en su cuerpo.191. El 24 <strong>de</strong> febrero al Sr. González Bonilla lo habrían estado siguiendo. Primero lo habríaseguido una furgoneta roja y plateada con los cristales tintados, y luego una motocicleta.192. Cuando se habría dirigida a su casa a las afueras <strong>de</strong> la localidad, Miguel GonzálezBonilla se habría dado cuenta <strong>de</strong> que lo seguía la furgoneta. Ésta le habría hecho luces, como siquisiera a<strong>de</strong>lantarlo, pero cuando él se habría <strong>de</strong>tenido para <strong>de</strong>jarla pasar, se habría quedado<strong>de</strong>trás <strong>de</strong> él.193. Luego la furgoneta habría girado ante la casa <strong>de</strong> Miguel González Bonilla, quien habríagirado en dirección contraria y habría observado que todavía lo habría seguido una motocicleta.Cuando la motocicleta habría tenido que abandonar la persecución a causa <strong>de</strong> la dificultad <strong>de</strong>lterreno, el conductor lo habría insultado a gritos.194. En varias ocasiones, individuos no i<strong>de</strong>ntificados habrían llamado a la casa <strong>de</strong>l Sr.González Bonilla y habrían preguntado a sus familiares por el para<strong>de</strong>ro <strong>de</strong> éste.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 35195. Tras el reciente ataque, el Sr. González Bonilla habría presentado una <strong>de</strong>nuncia en lapolicía y en la Fiscalía <strong>de</strong> Trinidad. Sin embargo, hasta el momento no se le habría brindadoprotección.196. Ante el temor por su seguridad, tanto él como su familia habrían abandonado su casa enTrinidad y se habrían ocultado.197. Este reciente ataque se habría producido tras una serie <strong>de</strong> actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación contrapersonal <strong>de</strong>l CEJIS en Trinidad.198. En agosto <strong>de</strong> 2008, unos motociclistas armados se habrían situados ante las oficinas <strong>de</strong>lCEJIS y se habrían quedados allí esperando a que llegaran los empleados, a los que un vecinohabría avisado.199. Unos días <strong>de</strong>spués, a principios <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, los miembros <strong>de</strong> la organización<strong>de</strong> oposición Unión Juvenil Benianista habrían tratado <strong>de</strong> ocupar las oficinas <strong>de</strong>l CEJIS enTrinidad durante una campaña en la que habrían ocupado instituciones gubernamentales yprivadas. En esta ocasión las bandas <strong>de</strong> jóvenes no habrían podido localizar ni las oficinas <strong>de</strong>lCEJIS ni a su personal.200. Durante este periodo <strong>de</strong> violencia, el personal <strong>de</strong>l CEJIS habría trabajado <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> su casa,ante el temor por su seguridad. Asimismo, numerosos miembros <strong>de</strong>l personal habrían<strong>de</strong>nunciado haber recibido amenazas e insultos a consecuencia <strong>de</strong> su trabajo.201. Tras este inci<strong>de</strong>nte, en septiembre la comisión <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos dictó medidascautelares para proteger a los empleados <strong>de</strong>l CEJIS en Trinidad. Sin embargo, las autorida<strong>de</strong>s nohabrían proporcionado protección alguna, y hasta enero <strong>de</strong> 2009 la policía no habría visitado lasoficinas <strong>de</strong>l CEJIS para hacer un seguimiento <strong>de</strong> su situación en cuanto a la seguridad.202. Otras oficinas <strong>de</strong>l CEJIS habrían sufrido también amenazas y acoso a consecuencia <strong>de</strong> sutrabajo. El 9 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, la se<strong>de</strong> central en la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Santa Cruz, Bolivia, habríansido ocupada y saqueada por estudiantes universitarios y miembros <strong>de</strong> la organización <strong>de</strong>oposición Unión Juvenil <strong>de</strong> Santa Cruz, que habrían asaltado las oficinas, <strong>de</strong>struido material ymobiliario y saqueado y quemado 30 años <strong>de</strong> archivos <strong>de</strong>l CEJIS.203. También habrían atacado otras dos ONG que promueven los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> lascomunida<strong>de</strong>s indígenas y campesinas, oficinas locales <strong>de</strong>l gobierno y dos se<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> medios <strong>de</strong>comunicación.204. Se expresó temor que el intento <strong>de</strong> asesinato contra <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Miguel Esteben GonzálezBonilla y las acciones <strong>de</strong> intimidación, persecución y violencia perpetradas contra los miembros<strong>de</strong>l CEJIS podrían estar relacionados con el trabajo <strong>de</strong>l CEJIS <strong>de</strong> promover los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> lascomunida<strong>de</strong>s indígenas y campesinas en Bolivia.Observaciones205. La Relatora Especial lamenta que al finalizar este informe, no se había recibido unarespuesta a la comunicación <strong>de</strong>l 25 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009. La Relatora Especial consi<strong>de</strong>ra que alrespon<strong>de</strong>r a las comunicaciones representa un elemento fundamental para la cooperación <strong>de</strong> los


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 36Estados con el mandato, es por ello que insta al gobierno boliviano a que le proporcione unarespuesta tratando los asuntos mencionados.Letter of allegationsBrazil206. On 30 January 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onextrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent a letter of allegation to theGovernment, regarding the killing of Mr Manoel Mattos, vice-presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the workers’ party inthe state of Pernambuco, and member of the local bar association’s human rights commission.Mr Manoel Mattos was the subject of a communication sent by the then Special Representativeof the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 1 December 2006.207. According to the information received, on 24 January 2009, Mr Manoel Mattos wasreportedly shot <strong>de</strong>ad at his home by two uni<strong>de</strong>ntified men. Mr Mattos was the subject of repeated<strong>de</strong>ath threats following his testimony at a fe<strong>de</strong>ral parliamentary enquiry into <strong>de</strong>ath squads in thenorth-east of Brazil, revealing how these armed groups operated in the bor<strong>de</strong>r area between thestates of Pernambuco and Paraíba. He notably produced a document, in collaboration with theprosecutor’s office, in which he exposed over alleged 100 homici<strong>de</strong>s by member of local <strong>de</strong>athsquads. Mr Mattos also <strong>de</strong>livered a testimony to Ms Asma Jahangir, the then UN SpecialRapporteur on Summary, Arbitrary and Extra-Judicial executions during her visit to Brazil in2003.208. It was reported that <strong>de</strong>spite the repeated threats, the protection provi<strong>de</strong>d by the fe<strong>de</strong>ralpolice to Mr Santos was withdrawn, reportedly because it was <strong>de</strong>emed to be no longer necessary.Grave concern was expressed that the killing of Mr Manoel Mattos might be linked to his nonviolentactivities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights.Response from the Government209. In a letter dated 7 April 2009, the Government of Brazil respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication,informing that Mr Manoel Mattos was receiving <strong>de</strong>ath threats because of the <strong>de</strong>nouncings andthe investigation that he was conducting regarding a <strong>de</strong>ath squad, composed of policemenoperational in the cities of Itambé and Pedras <strong>de</strong> Fogo, on the bor<strong>de</strong>r between the States ofPernambuco and Paraíba. Mr Mattos then counted on the protection of the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Police until31 March 2004, when the service was suspen<strong>de</strong>d due to disagreements between him and thepolicemen who were protecting him. These policemen alleged that Mr Mattos had disobeyed theprotection rules established by the relevant protection scheme. The <strong>de</strong>cision to suspend theprotection affor<strong>de</strong>d to Mr Mattos was a result of administrative procedures established by theFe<strong>de</strong>ral Police. Therefore, the statement that the protection was suspen<strong>de</strong>d because it was<strong>de</strong>emed unnecessary is not accurate. Furthermore, since 2006, when the Human RightsDefen<strong>de</strong>rs Protection Programme was implemented in the State of Pernambuco, Mr Mattos hadnever requested his inclusion in this Programme.210. The investigation on this killing is being conducted by the Civil Police of Paraíba, withthe cooperation of the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Police and the Prosecutor’s Office. The inquiry number


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 37002.2009.000127-8 was established before the Paraíba State’s Court of Justice (confi<strong>de</strong>ntialprocess). The Human Rights Defense Council of the Pernambuco State has filed a request offe<strong>de</strong>ralization of the investigation to the Attorney <strong>General</strong> of the Republic.211. The main perpetrators involved in the killing of Mr Mattos have been i<strong>de</strong>ntified andcriminally charged. Four of them have been arrested and an arrest warrant has been issuedagainst a fifth one. The Government stressed the efforts that have been ma<strong>de</strong> in or<strong>de</strong>r to promotemore integration between the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Police and the State Secretariats for Security and SocialDefense of Paraíba and Pernambuco, in or<strong>de</strong>r to i<strong>de</strong>ntify all the members of the “<strong>de</strong>ath squad”.In this regard, the results of the investigations in the area conducted by the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Police inclu<strong>de</strong>:“Operação Alcai<strong>de</strong>s” which repressed, among other crimes, the involvement of political lea<strong>de</strong>rsin the region of Aguas Belas with the hired killing; “Operação Aveloz” which has curbed theactivity of the <strong>de</strong>ath squads in the city of Caruaru; and the “Operação Exodus” which hasdismantled the action of armed militias involving civil and military policemen in robbery andmur<strong>de</strong>ring in the city of Olinda.Observations212. The Special Rapporteur thanks the Government for its response, but regrets that at thetime of the finalization of this report, the Government had not transmitted a reply to hercommunications of 24 September 2008, 28 August 2008, 13 August 2008, 31 July 2008, 29 May2008, 30 April 2008, 27 March 2008, 7 March 2008, 4 February 2008 (Mr. Joao Tancredo), 10January 2008, 20 November 2007, 31 October 2007, 26 October 2007, 19 July 2007, 2 July 2007,22 January 2007, 12 January 2007, 1 December 2006m 29 September 2006, 9 May 2006, 7 April2006, 28 November 2005, 10 October 2005, 3 August 2005, 16 March 2005, 2 November 2004,25 October 2004, 13 September 2004, 15 June 2004, 18 March 2004 and 9 February 2004. Sheconsi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications an important part of the cooperation of Governmentswith her mandate. She urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her, andprovi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken as well as protective measurestaken.Appel urgentBurundi213. Le 3 avril 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec l’Expert indépendant sur lasituation <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme au Burundi et le Rapporteur spécial sur le droit <strong>de</strong> toute personne<strong>de</strong> jouir du meilleur état <strong>de</strong> santé physique et mentale susceptible d'être atteint, a envoyé un appelurgent concernant une disposition du projet <strong>de</strong> co<strong>de</strong> pénal qui criminalisait l’homosexualitéet punissait tout acte sexuel entre <strong>de</strong>s personnes du même sexe consentantes d’une peine allantjusqu’à <strong>de</strong>ux ans d’emprisonnement. De sérieuses préoccupations avaient déjà été exprimées ausujet <strong>de</strong> ce projet <strong>de</strong> loi dans un appel urgent en date du 5 décembre 2008. Selon les nouvellesinformations reçues :214. Le 17 février 2009, le Sénat aurait largement rejeté la disposition dans le projet <strong>de</strong> co<strong>de</strong>pénal qui criminalisait l’homosexualité. Cependant, l’Assemblée Nationale aurait par la suitevoté la restauration <strong>de</strong> cette disposition dans le projet <strong>de</strong> co<strong>de</strong> pénal. Une commissionparlementaire, composée <strong>de</strong> membres <strong>de</strong> l’Assemblée Nationale et du Sénat, aurait été mandatée


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 38pour produire un rapport sur cette question et aurait entériné ce vote. Le projet <strong>de</strong> co<strong>de</strong> pénalserait actuellement entre les mains du Prési<strong>de</strong>nt du Burundi pour promulgation.215. La criminalisation <strong>de</strong> l’homosexualité aurait un effet préjudiciable sur les efforts duBurundi dans sa lutte contre le VIH/SIDA. Les politiques <strong>de</strong> la santé publique concernantl’épidémie du VIH/SIDA démontrent clairement que la décriminalisation <strong>de</strong> l’homosexualitécombinée avec <strong>de</strong>s efforts visant à lutter contre la discrimination <strong>de</strong>s homosexuels, lesbiennes,bisexuels et transsexuels, représentent une mesure substantielle pour restreindre la propagationdu virus. De plus, si le projet <strong>de</strong> co<strong>de</strong> en question entre en vigueur, celui-ci aurait pour effetd’entraver l’accès à information, aux soins et aux traitements <strong>de</strong>s personnes homosexuelles,atteintes <strong>de</strong> VIH/SIDA au Burundi, et par conséquent pourrait compromettre la réponse<strong>national</strong>e dans la lutte contre le VIH/SIDA.216. Ce projet <strong>de</strong> loi aurait également un effet néfaste sur la situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits<strong>de</strong> l’homme qui œuvrent pour la promotion et la protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong>s homosexuels, bisexuelset transsexuels. En effet, cette loi mettrait ces défenseurs dans une situation <strong>de</strong> vulnérabilitéaccrue car ils seraient potentiellement la cible d’attaques et d’actes d’intimidation <strong>de</strong> la part <strong>de</strong>sautorités et <strong>de</strong> la population.217. Lors <strong>de</strong> l’examen périodique universel du Burundi en date du 2 décembre 2008, leGouvernement <strong>de</strong> Votre Excellence a été interpellé sur cette question <strong>de</strong> la criminalisation <strong>de</strong>l’homosexualité et qu’il a <strong>de</strong>mandé à disposer <strong>de</strong> plus <strong>de</strong> temps pour y répondre convenablement.218. La Rapporteuse spéciale, l’Expert indépendant sur la situation <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme auBurundi et le Rapporteur spécial sur le droit <strong>de</strong> toute personne <strong>de</strong> jouir du meilleur état <strong>de</strong> santéphysique et mentale susceptible d'être atteint exhortent le Prési<strong>de</strong>nt du Burundi à ne paspromulguer le projet <strong>de</strong> co<strong>de</strong> pénal dans son état actuel, en conformité avec les obligationsinter<strong>national</strong>es du pays en matière <strong>de</strong> droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme énoncées précé<strong>de</strong>mment dans la lettredu 5 décembre 2008.Appel urgent219. Le 26 novembre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécialsur la promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, a envoyé un appelurgent au Gouvernement concernant l’annulation <strong>de</strong> l'agrément du Forum pour leRenforcement <strong>de</strong> la Société Civile (FORSC) et la situation <strong>de</strong> MM. Pacifique Nininahazwe etPierre Claver Mbonimpa. FORSC est une plateforme regroupant 146 organisations <strong>de</strong> lasociété civile burundaise. M. Nininahazwe est le délégué général du FORSC et M. Mbonimpa, leprési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> l'Association pour la Protection <strong>de</strong>s Droits <strong>de</strong> I'Homme et <strong>de</strong>s prisonniers(APRODH). Selon les informations reçues :220. Le 23 novembre 2009, l’agrément du FORSC, délivré en mai 2006, aurait été annulé parle Ministère <strong>de</strong> l'Intérieur au motif que les agréments <strong>de</strong> certaines organisations membres duFORSC ne relevaient pas <strong>de</strong> la compétence du ministère <strong>de</strong> l’Intérieur. Il est allégué que cetteannulation ferait suite à une lettre ouverte signée par le FORSC et adressée au Prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> laRépublique le 18 novembre 2009. Ce courrier dénonçait la recru<strong>de</strong>scence <strong>de</strong>s menaces àl’encontre <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs burundais. La lettre se referait en particulier aux menaces reçues parMM. Nininahazwe et Mbonimpa et a la stigmatisation <strong>de</strong> leurs organisations.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 39221. Il est allégué que MM. Nininahazwe et Mbonimpa auraient reçu <strong>de</strong>s menaces <strong>de</strong> mortsuite à la campagne initiée par le FORSC appelant notamment le Prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> la République àdiligenter <strong>de</strong>s enquêtes sur les décès <strong>de</strong> M. Ernest Manirumva, vice-prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> l’organisationanti-corruption OLUCOME, et <strong>de</strong> M. Salvator Nsabiriho, qui aurait succombé à ses blessuresaprès avoir été brutalement interrogé par la police. Il est allégué que ces menaces <strong>de</strong> mortauraient été proférées par <strong>de</strong>s agents du service <strong>national</strong> <strong>de</strong> renseignement.222. Des craintes sont exprimées que la révocation <strong>de</strong> cet agrément ainsi que les menacesreçues par MM Nininahazve et Mbonimpa soient liées aux activités non violentes <strong>de</strong> promotionet <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme du FORSC. Compte tenu <strong>de</strong>s menaces <strong>de</strong> mort proférées àl’encontre <strong>de</strong> MM Nininahazve et Mbonimpa, <strong>de</strong>s craintes sont également exprimées quant àleur intégrité physique et mentale.Observations223. La Rapporteuse spéciale regrette, au moment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport,l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse aux communications en date du 3 avril 2009 et du 26 novembre 2009 et du4 décembre 2008. Elle considère les réponses à ses communications comme partie intégrante <strong>de</strong>la coopération <strong>de</strong>s gouvernements avec son mandat. Elle exhorte le Gouvernement à répondre auplus vite aux craintes exprimées dans celles-ci.224. La Rapporteuse spéciale <strong>de</strong>meure préoccupée par la révocation <strong>de</strong> l’agrément du Forumpour le Renforcement <strong>de</strong> la Société Civile et rappelle au Gouvernement que l’article 5, alinéas b)et c) <strong>de</strong> la Déclaration sur les défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme stipule qu’afin <strong>de</strong> promouvoir etprotéger les droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme et les libertés fondamentales, chacun a le droit, individuellementou en association avec d'autres, aux niveaux <strong>national</strong> et inter<strong>national</strong> <strong>de</strong> former <strong>de</strong>s organisations,associations ou groupes non gouvernementaux, <strong>de</strong> s'y affilier et d'y participer; <strong>de</strong> communiqueravec <strong>de</strong>s organisations non gouvernementales ou intergouvernementales.Urgent appealCambodia225. On 17 February 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding criminal charges ma<strong>de</strong> against several communityrepresentatives, and in particular Chan Vichet, Ly You Leng and Khieu Bunthoeun, from theDey Krahorm community in Phnom Penh. In this regard, the Special Rapporteurs recalled thepublic statement ma<strong>de</strong> on 30 January 2009 by the Special Rapporteur on a<strong>de</strong>quate housingregarding the forcible eviction during the night of 23 and 24 January 2009 of over 130 familiesfrom Dey Krahorm.226. According to information received, as at 16 February 2009, six Dey Krahorm communityrepresentatives were facing a total of 14 criminal charges, according to their <strong>de</strong>fence lawyers.The community representatives had for long been active in supporting their community tonegotiate fair compensation for their homes in the event that they would be evicted from DeyKrahorm. The negotiations were conducted with the Municipality of Phnom Penh and the 7NGConstruction company.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 40227. Following the eviction on 24 January 2009, the Phnom Penh Municipal Court held ahearing on 11 February against Chan Vichet, a community representative leading the evictees'attempts to advocate for fair financial compensation for the loss of their homes due to theeviction, and two other Dey Krahorm community representatives named Ly You Leng andKhieu Bunthoeun. They were charged with <strong>de</strong>struction of property and physical assault.228. The charges relate to damages caused in December 2007 to a bulldozer belonging to the7NG company. Some villagers from Dey Krahorm threw stones at the machine when it wasdriven on to their land, for fear that it would be used to <strong>de</strong>molish their homes. Chan Vichet wascharged with participating and inciting the violence <strong>de</strong>spite evi<strong>de</strong>nce from multiple eyewitnessesthat he in fact tried to calm the situation and told villagers not to use violence in any manner.229. On 16 February 2009, the Phnom Penh Municipal Court announced its verdict on the trial.According to oral reports, the court convicted the three community representatives to one yearand a half each of suspen<strong>de</strong>d prison sentences un<strong>de</strong>r court surveillance for five years. ChanVicheth and one of the other representatives were jointly sentenced to pay 800,000 riels (USD200) to the company for <strong>de</strong>struction of property, while all three representatives were or<strong>de</strong>red tojointly pay up to 1.2 million riels (USD 300) to compensate medical fees for injuries enduredduring the inci<strong>de</strong>nt.230. Chan Vichet was also summoned to the same court and interviewed on 17 February by aninvestigating judge on another criminal case against him, alleging forgery and <strong>de</strong>famation. Thiscase relates to the same charges that were originally filed against Chan Vichet and other villagersin 2005. However, the case against them was closed when another investigating judge <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d todrop the charges. Without any new evi<strong>de</strong>nce being presented or new investigation being done,the prosecutor filed the same charges again in 2008.231. Concerns were expressed that charges against the above-mentioned communityrepresentatives of Dey Krahorm, similar to those ma<strong>de</strong> against many other human rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs across the country, were not based on solid evi<strong>de</strong>nce but were rather used to intimatehuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and community activists <strong>de</strong>fending land and housing rights.Response from the Government232. In a letter dated 27 May 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the urgent appeal, informingthat the verdict No. 82C dated 5 November 2008 issued by the relevant Court is based on thelegal evi<strong>de</strong>nce that Mr. Chan Vichet, Mr. Ly You Leng and Mr. Khiev Bonthoeun have beenconvicted of committing acts of injuries and damaging the properties of other people, inaccordance with the law in Cambodia (art. 41-52 of the Transitional Penal Co<strong>de</strong> adopted duringthe UNTAC period). There was also the accusation that Mr. Vichet has committed forgery and<strong>de</strong>famation as regard to the related case No. 1728 issued on 5 September 2008, which is beingun<strong>de</strong>r the investigation by the Municipal Court. The City Hall (the Phnom Penh Municipality)has not ma<strong>de</strong> any ban or prohibition of the meetings or assemblies in which the people canexercise their rights of speech, provi<strong>de</strong>d that those acts of gathering or relevant actions shall notbe in breach of the rights and the honour of others (including custom, social, or<strong>de</strong>r and <strong>national</strong>security) as stipulated in article 41 of the Cambodian Constitution. It should also be noted thatover the past, meetings or assemblies organized by the communities to exercise their rights tofreedom of expression have been permitted and protected by the City Hall authorities.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 41Letter of allegations233. On 3 April 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protectionof the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent a letter of allegations to the Governmentregarding the upheld conviction of Mr. Thach Saveth, also known as Mr. Chan Sopheak, forthe mur<strong>de</strong>r of Mr. Ros Sovannareth, a Steering Committee member of the Free Tra<strong>de</strong> Union ofWorkers of the Kingdom of Cambodia (FTUWKC) and the union’s representative at theTrinuggal Komara factory in Phnom Penh. Mr. Ros Sovannareth was shot <strong>de</strong>ad by two men on amotorbike in Phnom Penh on 7 May 2004. His mur<strong>de</strong>r came less than four months after thevirtually i<strong>de</strong>ntical mur<strong>de</strong>r of Mr. Chea Vichea, the FTUWKC's <strong>national</strong> presi<strong>de</strong>nt. The missionof the FTUWKC is to protect the legitimate rights and interests of workers and staff members.FTUWKC, in accordance with the regulations of the labour and other relevant laws of theKingdom of Cambodia, actively safeguards workers’ political rights, their right to work and theircultural rights; participates in coordinating labor relations and makes efforts to promote theeconomic <strong>de</strong>velopment and a long-term social stability of the country.234. According to the information received, on 18 February 2009, the Court of Appeal upheldthe Phnom Penh Municipal Court conviction of Mr. Sopheak in February 2005 in which he wasfound guilty of the mur<strong>de</strong>r of Mr. Sovannareth and sentenced to 15 year’s imprisonment. On 11February 2009, an appeal hearing on Mr. Sopheak’s case took place which lasted less than anhour. One of the witnesses of the assassination of Mr. Sovannareth was present in court in or<strong>de</strong>rto testify, at the request of the <strong>de</strong>fence lawyer. However, presiding Judge Um Sarith refused togive him the floor, and preferred to rely upon written statements of witnesses, that were gatheredby the police. According to reports received, there were a number of irregularities with thehearing, including the fact that again the prosecution witness statements were read out and therewas no cross-examination.235. At the original trial in 2005, the conviction of Mr Chan Sopheak by the Municipal Courtwas based on prosecution witnesses who did not appear in court, and therefore could not becross-examined by <strong>de</strong>fence lawyers. Defence witnesses who provi<strong>de</strong>d alibi testimonies,acknowledging the fact that Mr. Chan Sopheak was travelling between Anlong Veng and SiemReap on the day of Mr. Ros Sovannareth’s mur<strong>de</strong>r, were ignored. Mr. Chan Sopheak wasconvicted on the basis of written statements, prepared by the police, by four eyewitnesses to MrRos Sovannareth's mur<strong>de</strong>r who allegedly i<strong>de</strong>ntified him. None of these witnesses wereinterviewed by the court prosecutor or investigating judge who examined the case. Thewitnesses' written statements contained a glaring inconsistency: some of the witnesses reportedlysaid that Sopheak resembled the gunman, while others said he looked like the shooter’saccomplice, his motorcycle driver.236. It is worth noting the similarities of the case of Mr. Sopheak and the case of Messrs. BornSamnang and Sok Sam Oeun, who were unjustly convicted of killing Mr. Chea Vichea,FTUWKC National Presi<strong>de</strong>nt. The latter were finally released on bail on 31 December 2008upon a ruling of the Cambodian Supreme Court. The Supreme Court acknowledged the lack ofevi<strong>de</strong>nce against them and the need for further investigation. Mr Chan Sopheak was arrested bythe same Toul Kork district police as Messrs. Born Samnang and Sok Sam Oeun, led by <strong>de</strong>putychief Hun Song, who arrested Born Samnang and Sok Sam Oeun. Mr Hun Song was reportedlyinvolved in the framing of the two men for Chea Vichea's mur<strong>de</strong>r, including by allegedly forcing


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 42an initial confession to the killing by Born Samnang. More recently, in 2006, Mr Hun Song wasfired from his position after being accused of or<strong>de</strong>ring the execution of a robbery suspect.237. Concern was expressed for Mr. Chan Sopheak´s right to a fair trial. In this regard, themandate-hol<strong>de</strong>rs recalled the findings of the ILO’s Committee on Freedom of Association,which stated in its 351st report that Chan Sopheak “was sentenced to 15 years in prison for themur<strong>de</strong>r of Mr. Ros Sovannareth, in a trial lasting one hour that was characterized by breaches ofprocedural rules and the absence of full guarantees of due process of law” (para. 251). TheCommittee <strong>de</strong>plored “the fact that Mr. Thach Saveth has been sentenced to prison for the mur<strong>de</strong>rof Mr. Ros Sovannareth, in a trial closely mirroring that of Born Samnang and Sok Sam Oeun inthat it had been characterized by the absence of full guarantees of due process. In thesecircumstances, the Committee must once again stress the importance of ensuring full respect forthe right to freedom and security of person and freedom from arbitrary arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention, aswell as the right to a fair trial by an in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt and impartial tribunal” (para. 252).Urgent appeal238. On 26 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protectionof the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal to the Governmentreceived regarding Mr. Kong Sam Onn, lawyer of Ms. Mu Sochua.239. According to the information received, on 24 April 2009, Ms. Mu Sochua, an oppositionmember representing Kampot Province for the Sam Rainsy Party in the National <strong>Assembly</strong>,alleging criminal <strong>de</strong>famation filed a law suit against Prime Minister Hun Sen before the PhnomPenh Municipal Court. She claimed that a speech the Prime Minister had given on 4 April, inwhich he had referred to a woman from Kampot behaving in a “provocative way”, who “lungedtowards a man to kiss him, so much so that the buttons [of her blouse] popped out", had beendirected at her. Allegedly, the speech used the term "strong legs" to <strong>de</strong>scribe the woman, anoffensive <strong>de</strong>rogatory term in Khmer. Earlier, on 23 April, Ms. Mu Sochua and her lawyer, Mr.Kong Sam Onn, held a press conference to explain the legal case against the Prime Minister,during which Ms. Mu Sochua stated her intention to file a suit, and where her lawyer provi<strong>de</strong>dinformation on the legal grounds for bringing the action in court.240. On 24 April 2009, the Prime Minister, represented by his lawyer, Mr. Ky Tech, filed acounter-complaint before the same court in Phnom Penh. He alleged that both the politician andher lawyer, had <strong>de</strong>famed him during the press conference. The Prime Minister is seeking tenmillion riels (2,500 USD) in compensation from each of the concerned persons. Mr. Kong SamOnn was summoned to appear before an investigating judge for questioning with regard to thePrime Minister’s counter-complaint on 7 May 2009.241. The Prime Minister’s lawyer, Mr. Ky Tech, who is a former Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the BarAssociation, also lodged a complaint against Mr. Kong Sam Onn before the Bar Council, for analleged breach of the lawyers' co<strong>de</strong> of conduct in accordance with the Law on the Bar. Thecurrent Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the Bar has formed an ad-hoc committee to investigate the allegations. Thiscommittee has summoned the concerned lawyer to answer questions at the Bar on Monday, 25May 2009. It will then report back to the Bar Presi<strong>de</strong>nt who will subsequently refer the matter tothe Bar Council to <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong> on any disciplinary action.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 43242. There is serious concern that Mr. Kong Sam Onn will be exclu<strong>de</strong>d from the CambodianBar Association as a result of providing legal advice to Ms. Mu Sochua and representing her inpublic. Mr. Kong Sam Onn has represented the Sam Rainsy Party over many years, having actedfor both Mr. Sam Rainsy and Mr. Dam Sith in previous legal cases. This is, however, the firsttime he himself has been threatened with disciplinary and legal action for discharging hisfunctions. Both the legal case and the disciplinary investigation are likely to have a chillingeffect on the legal profession, particularly in cases involving high-ranking politicians.243. Concern was expressed that the proceedings taken against Ms. Mu Sochua’s lawyermight constitute acts of harassment and intimidation in or<strong>de</strong>r to prevent the lawyer fromproviding legal advise to her and representing her in public.Urgent appeal244. On 26 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection ofthe right to freedom of opinion and expression and the Special Representative on the situation ofhuman rights in Cambodia, sent an urgent appeal to the Government regarding recent instancesof <strong>de</strong>famation and disinformation lawsuits filed mostly against journalists, oppositionmembers of parliament, lawyers and other persons expressing their views in a peaceful manneron matters of public interest.245. According to information received, on 8 June 2009, Mr. Soung Sophorn, a 22-year oldlaw stu<strong>de</strong>nt and local lea<strong>de</strong>r of the SRP youth wing was charged, arrested and sentenced with US$1,250 for <strong>de</strong>famation after he wrote slogans criticising the government on the walls of hisprivate house. It has been reported that he belongs to one of the hundreds of families embattledwith the Shukaku company and Phnom Penh Municipality to <strong>de</strong>fend their rights to their landsand housing in the disputed Boeng Kak lake case where 4,000 families are un<strong>de</strong>r threat ofeviction.246. On 22 June 2009, the National <strong>Assembly</strong> voted to lift the parliamentary immunity of Mr.Ho Vann, a member of the opposition Sam Rainsy Party (SRP). Mr. Ho Vann is facing chargesof <strong>de</strong>famation following a complaint lodged against him on 27 April by 22 Royal Cambodian AirForce (RCAF) military officers, who were allegedly offen<strong>de</strong>d by a comment Mr. Ho Vann ma<strong>de</strong>in relation to post-graduate <strong>de</strong>grees given to RCAF officials by a Vietnamese military institution.Mr. Ho Vann had allegedly questioned the authenticity of those <strong>de</strong>grees in an interview given on20 April to reporters. The Municipal Court of Phnom Penh began an initial hearing of his case on17 July 2009, when in addition to Mr. Ho Vann, Mr. Neou Vannarin, a reporter from theCambodia Daily who covered comments allegedly ma<strong>de</strong> by Ho Vann in an article, also facedcharges of <strong>de</strong>famation.247. On 26 June 2009, a Phnom Penh court sentenced Mr. Hang Chakra, editor-in-chief of thenewspaper Khmer Machas Srok (Khmer Landowner), one of the only two remaining oppositionaffiliated newspapers, to one year in prison on charges of disinformation after the newspaperpublished articles concerning alleged corruption in the office of the Deputy Prime Minister SokAn.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 44248. On 5 July 2009, a lawsuit was filed against Mr. Dam Sith, editor-in-chief of MoneaksekarKhmer newspaper, by Mr. Long Dara, a government lawyer, for publishing articles betweenFebruary and May 2009 which inclu<strong>de</strong>d stories about civil servants and the removal of formerRCAF Comman<strong>de</strong>r-in-Chief Mr. Ke Kim Yan. Mr. Dam Sith has reportedly been accused ofusing false information, and has closed the newspaper on 10 July 2009 allegedly to avoidcriminal prosecution. At the same time, Mr. Dam Sith <strong>de</strong>fected to the ruling Cambodian People’sParty.249. On 14 July 2009, Mr. Moeun Sonn, presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the Khmer Civilization Foundation, anonprofit organisation, was sentenced in absentia to two years in prison on charges ofdisinformation after he raised concerns that a new lighting system in the Angkor Wat templecomplex could damage the site.250. Concern was expressed that the recent increase in the number of <strong>de</strong>famation anddisinformation lawsuits filed mostly against politicians, journalists and other persons expressingtheir views in a peaceful manner on matters of public interest might represent an attempt to stiflefreedom of expression in Cambodia. Without prejudging the outcomes of the trials of Ms. MuSochua and Mr. Ho Vann, further concern was expressed that should they be convicted ofdisinformation rather than <strong>de</strong>famation, they might permanently lose their seats in the National<strong>Assembly</strong>, which would un<strong>de</strong>rmine the rule of law and <strong>de</strong>mocracy in Cambodia.Response from the Government251. In a letter dated 15 September 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication,informing that Cambodia is a multi-party pluralistic society, where <strong>de</strong>mocracy and human rightsare fully guaranteed by its 1993 Constitution. The Cambodian Constitution recognizes theindividual rights, freedom of expression and other fundamental rights. Since 1993, Cambodia’sstate of <strong>de</strong>mocracy and the overall human rights situation have continuously been observed in asignificant progress. At present, Cambodia has thousands of civil society organizations, as wellas free press and tra<strong>de</strong> unions which have been operating in the country. Out of that number,Cambodia has at least eleven foreign human rights organizations, including the NationalDemocratic Institute (NDI) and the Inter<strong>national</strong> Republican Institute (IRI), which are workingmainly on human rights-related issues. Cambodia has also the Office of the United Nations HighCommissioner for Human Rights and the regular visits of the United Nations Special Rapporteuron Human Rights in Cambodia. Moreover, with regard to freedom of the press, Cambodia hasalmost 600 newspapers, journals and magazines, 40 radio stations, and seven television channels.If this is not enough, the people of Cambodia also have unobstructed access to all kinds offoreign media, such as the Voice of America and Radio Free Asia, Cable News Network, just toname a few. Local media supporting or leaning to the opposition party are allowed to have acomplete freedom to publish and flourish it in the country. Some of the media have been criticalof the Government on a daily basis. The people of Cambodia, therefore, enjoy largely freedom ofthe press and freedom of expression in the country.252. With respect to the recent courts verdicts on <strong>de</strong>famations and disinformation, it is theCourt’s view that they are <strong>de</strong>livered in compliance with the law established by the UnitedNations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC), as provi<strong>de</strong>d for in art. 61 on “Incitementto Discrimination”, art. 62 on “Disinformation”, and art. 63 on “Defamation and Libel”. Thesentences <strong>de</strong>livered by the Court are aimed at protecting the individual rights, as well as the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 45security and stability of the country. Like any other <strong>de</strong>mocratic country in the world, Cambodiacannot let the proliferation of voluntary public <strong>de</strong>famation and disinformation to create socialdisor<strong>de</strong>r, which is <strong>de</strong>trimental to the well-being of the society and the dignity of all citizens. In a<strong>de</strong>mocratic society, freedom of expression shall be exercised with responsibilities. Therefore, therule of law is fundamental, particularly in ensuring that people’s dignity and honour are wellrespected and protected. Freedom of expression is not absolute and it should not allow oneperson to <strong>de</strong>fame another person. It also does not permit a campaign of disinformation to takeplace repeatedly. In the face of this growing <strong>de</strong>famation and disinformation campaign to smearthe reputation of the lea<strong>de</strong>rs, the Royal Government of Cambodia has the right to resort to justiceand due process of law, such as in the cases of Ms. Mu Sochua’s <strong>de</strong>famation against PrimeMinister Sam<strong>de</strong>ch Hum Sen and Hang Chakra’s engagement in the campaign of disinformation.The recent verdicts by the Cambodian Court on both cases are carried out in compliance with theexisting laws in relation to those offences. The prevailing laws and regulations concerning<strong>de</strong>famation and disinformation exist worldwi<strong>de</strong>, particularly in <strong>de</strong>veloped countries, in or<strong>de</strong>r toprotect and guarantee the rights and honour of everyone alike. Therefore, <strong>de</strong>mocracy, respect forhuman rights and freedom of expression must be in compliance with the rule of law. TheGovernment, on its part, is aware of the <strong>de</strong>mocratic process in the country, including the practiceof freedom of expression that it has strived for with greater tolerance. All of the facts mentionedabove clearly <strong>de</strong>monstrate that Cambodia has and, remains to, full commitments to thepromotion and protection of human rights and respects for other fundamental freedoms in thecountry.Observations253. The Special Rapporteur thanks the Government for its responses, but regrets that at thetime of finalizing the present report, the Government had not transmitted a reply to hercommunications of 3 April 2009, 26 May 2009, 21 July 2008, 2 August 2008, 31 July 2007, 19July 2007, 7 July 2007, 12 March 2007, 1 December 2006, 13 July 2006, 26 June 2006, 24 May2006, 28 February 2006, 6 January 2006, 8 October 2005, 1 June 2005 and 30 June 2004. Sheconsi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications an important part of the cooperation of Governmentswith her mandate. She urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her, andprovi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken to prosecute the perpetrators aswell as protective measures taken to ensure the physical and mental integrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs andtheir families.254. She urges the Government to make every effort to ensure a safe environment conduciveto the work of all <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in the country.Lettre d’allégationsCameroon255. Le 7 janvier 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécial surla promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, le Rapporteur spécialsur la torture et autres peines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou dégradants, a envoyé une lettred’allégations au Gouvernement concernant la situation <strong>de</strong> M. Bernard Njionga, prési<strong>de</strong>nt, M.Isaac Difakoué, vice-prési<strong>de</strong>nt et MM. Nono Théophile et Mowha Franklin, membres <strong>de</strong>l’Association Citoyenne <strong>de</strong> Défense <strong>de</strong>s Intérêts <strong>Collectif</strong>s (ACDIC). L’ACDIC est un


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 46mouvement citoyen qui défend les droits <strong>de</strong>s citoyens au Cameroun. M. Njionga est aussiDirecteur du Journal ‘La Voix du Paysan’ et l’ex prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> SOS Faim Belgique. Selon lesinformations reçues :256. Le 10 décembre 2008, vers 6h00, MM. Njionga, Théophile et Franklin auraient étéarrêtés à Yaoundé. L’ACDIC avait prévu d’organiser une manifestation pacifique <strong>de</strong>vant leMinistère <strong>de</strong> l’Agriculture à Yaoundé, le jour du 60ème anniversaire <strong>de</strong> la DéclarationUniverselle <strong>de</strong>s Droits <strong>de</strong> l’Homme, afin <strong>de</strong> protester contre la corruption alléguée au sein dugouvernement. Quand les premiers membres <strong>de</strong> l’ACDIC se seraient rassemblés dans lesbureaux <strong>de</strong> l’organisation, un groupe <strong>de</strong> policiers serait arrivés et aurait bloqué l’entrée <strong>de</strong>sbureaux alors que plusieurs autres membres étaient en train d’arriver. Une heure plus tard, lapolice anti-émeute du Groupe Mobile d’Intervention (GMI), serait arrivée sur les lieux. Alorsque la tension commençait à monter entre la police et les membres <strong>de</strong> l’ACDIC, la police aurait<strong>de</strong>mandé à tous les membres qui se trouvaient à l’intérieur <strong>de</strong>s bureaux <strong>de</strong> l’ACDIC <strong>de</strong> sortir, etelle aurait <strong>de</strong>mandé à parler à M. Njongang.257. Par ailleurs, alors que certains manifestants auraient tentés <strong>de</strong> rester dans les bureaux, lapolice aurait agressée certains d'entre eux. MM. Théophile et Franklin auraient été sévèrementpassés à tabac et leur état aurait nécessité une assistance médicale et <strong>de</strong>s points <strong>de</strong> suture. Il estallégué que MM. Théophile et Franklin auraient été violentés au moment où ils entraient dans levéhicule <strong>de</strong> police pour être interrogés. La police aurait saisi dans les bureaux <strong>de</strong> l’ACDIC dumatériel <strong>de</strong>stiné à la manifestation.258. Neuf manifestants, parmi lesquels les membres <strong>de</strong> l’ACDIC cités ci-<strong>de</strong>ssus, auraient étéarrêtés et conduits au poste <strong>de</strong> police central n°1. Ils auraient tous été libérés dans la soirée du 11décembre et auraient reçu l’ordre <strong>de</strong> comparaître <strong>de</strong>vant le tribunal dans la matinée du 12décembre. Suite à cette comparution, tous les défenseurs auraient été libérés, mais les chargespour « manifestation illégale » seraient toujours pendantes. Ils seraient sommés <strong>de</strong> comparaître ànouveau le 31 janvier 2009.259. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que l’arrestation <strong>de</strong> M. Njonga ainsi que lepassage à tabac <strong>de</strong> MM. Théophile et Franklin soient liés à leurs actions légitimes en faveur <strong>de</strong>sdroits <strong>de</strong> l’homme au Cameroun.Observations260. La Rapporteuse spéciale regrette, au moment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport,l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse aux communications en date du 7 janvier 2009, du 14 octobre 2008 et du28 avril 2008. Elle considère les réponses à ses communications comme partie intégrante <strong>de</strong> lacoopération <strong>de</strong>s gouvernements avec son mandat. Elle exhorte le Gouvernement à répondre auplus vite aux craintes exprimées dans celles-ci, notamment en fournissant <strong>de</strong>s informationsprécises sur les enquêtes menées afin <strong>de</strong> traduire en justice les auteurs <strong>de</strong>s faits et les mesures <strong>de</strong>protection prises pour assurer l’intégrité physique et mentale <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs et <strong>de</strong> leurs familles.261. Par ailleurs, la Rapporteuse spéciale <strong>de</strong>meure préoccupée par les condamnations à <strong>de</strong>uxans <strong>de</strong> prison avec sursis et 26500 CFA d’amen<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> MM. Njionga, Difakoué, Théophile etFranklin et rappelle au Gouvernement que l’article 5 dispose qu’ « afin <strong>de</strong> promouvoir etprotéger les droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme et les libertés fondamentales, chacun a le droit, individuellement


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 47ou en association avec d’autres, aux niveaux <strong>national</strong> et inter<strong>national</strong> : a) De se réunir et <strong>de</strong> serassembler pacifiquement ; b) De former <strong>de</strong>s organisations, associations ou groupes nongouvernementaux,<strong>de</strong> s’y affilier et d’y participer ; c) De communiquer avec <strong>de</strong>s organisationsnon-gouvernementales ou intergouvernementales ».Appel urgentChad262. Le 17 novembre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécialsur la promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, a envoyé un appelurgent sur la situation <strong>de</strong> MM. Michel Barka, prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> l'Union syndicale du Tchad (UST), etMassalabaye Ténébaye, prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> la Ligue tchadienne <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'Homme (LTDH).263. Selon les informations reçues, le 13 octobre 2009, M. Barka aurait été suivi par plusieursvoitures banalisées et une moto. Le motard aurait brandi une arme en direction <strong>de</strong> M. Barkaavant que ce <strong>de</strong>rnier ne prenne la fuite. Les 13 et 14 octobre 2009, M. Ténébaye aurait été suivijusqu'à son domicile.264. Le 20 octobre 2009, le ministre tchadien <strong>de</strong> l'Intérieur et <strong>de</strong> la sécurité publique, lesdirecteurs <strong>de</strong> la Police Nationale, <strong>de</strong> la Sécurité Publique et <strong>de</strong>s Renseignements Générauxauraient reçu M. Ténébaye et lui auraient assuré qu’une enquête serait ouverte sur les faitssusmentionnés. Ils auraient également assuré que <strong>de</strong>s mesures seraient prises pour assurer sasécurité ainsi que celle <strong>de</strong> M. Barka. Cependant, selon plusieurs sources, aucune enquête n’auraitété diligentée à ce jour et les dispositifs <strong>de</strong> sécurité qui avaient été mis en place par les autoritésauraient été rapi<strong>de</strong>ment retirés.265. Il est allégué que ces inci<strong>de</strong>nts seraient liés aux visites <strong>de</strong> MM. Barka et Ténébaye à Pariset à Bruxelles en février 2009 en qualité <strong>de</strong> délégués du Comité <strong>de</strong> suivi <strong>de</strong> l’appel à la paix et àla réconciliation (CSAPR). Au cours <strong>de</strong> cette visite, ils auraient informé les autorités françaiseset l’Union européenne <strong>de</strong> la situation sécuritaire au Tchad, ainsi que <strong>de</strong> l’absence <strong>de</strong> mise enœuvre <strong>de</strong>s recommandations <strong>de</strong> la Commission d’Enquête sur les événements survenus enRépublique du Tchad du 28 janvier au 8 février 2008 et leurs conséquences.266. Des craintes ont été exprimées quant au fait que ces inci<strong>de</strong>nts soient liés aux activitésnon-violentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme <strong>de</strong> MM. Barka et Ténébaye. Descraintes ont également été exprimées quant à leur intégrité physique et psychologique.Observations267. La Rapporteuse spéciale regrette, au moment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport,l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse à la présente communication, ainsi qu’à toutes celles envoyées <strong>de</strong>puis 2003,soit en date du 21 janvier 2008, 14 février 2008, 29 février 2008, 5 août 2008, 9 février 2007, 2mai 2006, 6 juillet 2005, 27 juillet 2004, 1er mars 2004 et 3 décembre 2003. Elle considère lesréponses à ses communications comme partie intégrante <strong>de</strong> la coopération <strong>de</strong>s gouvernementsavec son mandat. Elle exhorte le Gouvernement à répondre au plus vite aux craintes expriméesdans celles-ci, notamment en fournissant <strong>de</strong>s informations précises sur les enquêtes menées afin


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 48<strong>de</strong> traduire en justice les auteurs <strong>de</strong>s faits et les mesures <strong>de</strong> protection prises pour assurerl’intégrité physique et mentale <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs et <strong>de</strong> leurs familles.Llamamiento urgenteChile268. El 9 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad<strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión y el Relator Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y lasliberta<strong>de</strong>s fundamentales <strong>de</strong> los indígenas, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a laatención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida en relación con el hostigamiento y laintimidación contra el Sr. Francisco Vera Millaquén, werken (vocero) <strong>de</strong> la ComunidadMapuche Huilliche “Pepiukelen”, los Sres. Cristian Andrés Espinoza Guerrero, PauloAndrés Rojas Ramírez, Pedro Alejandro Guerrero Guerrero, Alejandro Esteban TriviñoGuerrero, Francisco Alejandro Mancilla Barrientos, Jaime Miguel Bustamante Ojeda,Ricardo Alfonso Casas Mayorga, dirigentes sociales <strong>de</strong> Puerto Montt, el Sr. Jaime FacundoMendoza Collio, miembro <strong>de</strong> la Comunidad Mapuche Requem Pillan, el Sr. Juan CarlosCurinao, lonko <strong>de</strong> la Comunidad Mapuche Huañaco Millao, y los Sres y Sras. MarcelaCuripan, Rayen Queipul Paillaleo, Evelyn Fierro, Ema Catrillanca, Daniela Vira, RodrigoMillanao, Jorge Ñancucheo, Víctor Montoya, Nicolás Manque, Kevin Rubilar, Carlos Vidal,Álvaro Queipul, Javier Parra y Alexis Lican, estudiantes <strong>de</strong> la Comunidad Mapuche <strong>de</strong>Temucuicui en la IX región.269. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 13 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, agentes <strong>de</strong> la policía habríanallanado las casas <strong>de</strong> los Sres. Espinoza Guerrero, Rojas Ramírez, Guerrero Guerrero, TriviñoGuerrero, Mancilla Barrientos, Bustamante Ojeda, Casas Mayorga y Espinoza Zapatel sinpresentar ninguna or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> algún tribunal o fiscal.270. Sólo en un caso el Fiscal habría dado una or<strong>de</strong>n verbal para que el allanamiento se llevaraa cabo. En todos los <strong>de</strong>más casos se les habría forzado firmar una <strong>de</strong>claración aceptandovoluntariamente el allanamiento.271. La policía habría confiscado computadores, dispositivos <strong>de</strong> almacenamiento masivo USB,discos compactos, DVD, teléfonos celulares, documentos y libros.272. El 14 <strong>de</strong> mayo, el Sr. Vera Millaquén habría sido informado que la policía buscaba al Sr.Hernán Espinoza Zapatel y que <strong>de</strong>spués lo buscarían a él en relación con el supuesto atentadoincendiario en las oficinas <strong>de</strong> SalmonChile <strong>de</strong>l 4 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009.273. En la noche <strong>de</strong>l 14 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, un hombre <strong>de</strong>sconocido habría seguido al Sr. VeraMillaquén subiéndose al mismo autobús en el que él viajaba a Valdivia y <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> allí a Paillaco.Cuando llegó a su <strong>de</strong>stino, el Sr. Vera Millaquén se habría dado cuenta que le habrían robado suteléfono celular.274. Asimismo, el 8 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, mientras que se dirigía a Temuco para acudir a unareunión, su maletín también habría sido robado. El auxiliar <strong>de</strong>l autobús le habría informado queuna persona que había subido al autobús en Loncoche, aproximadamente a una hora <strong>de</strong> Temuco,


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 49se habría cambiado a distintos asientos hasta quedar cerca <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Vera Millaquén, quien ibadormido.275. A<strong>de</strong>más, el Sr. Vera Millaquén habría sido informado que su cuenta <strong>de</strong> correo electrónicohabría sido intervenida y se teme que su teléfono y los <strong>de</strong> sus familiares también habrían sidointerceptados.276. A principios <strong>de</strong> agosto, agentes <strong>de</strong> la policía <strong>de</strong>l Retén <strong>de</strong> Pargua habrían llegado a sucasa preguntando que era lo que iban a celebrar los Mapuches el 9 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009. Mientrasuno <strong>de</strong> los agentes hablaba con uno <strong>de</strong> los hermanos <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Vera Millaquén, un segundo habríarealizado una llamada telefónica diciendo que el Sr. Vera Millaquén no se encontraba en casa.Cabe mencionar que el 9 <strong>de</strong> agosto es la fecha <strong>de</strong>l cumpleaños <strong>de</strong> la sobrina <strong>de</strong>l Sr. VeraMillaquén y la familia estaba organizando una fiesta para celebrarlo. Supuestamente, la familiasolo habría hablado acerca <strong>de</strong>l tema por teléfono y prácticamente en clave.277. Se cree que todos estos actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento e intimidación anteriormentemencionados están relacionados con el incendio en las oficinas <strong>de</strong>l SalmonChile el 4 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong>2009. Dos días <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong>l inci<strong>de</strong>nte, varios periódicos habrían publicado la historia sobre elincendio implicando a miembros <strong>de</strong> la Comunidad Mapuche como posibles responsables <strong>de</strong>lincendio.278. En un caso separado, el 30 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, un grupo <strong>de</strong> aproximadamente 80estudiantes mapuches se habrían manifestado en el Liceo Alonso <strong>de</strong> Ercilla contra lamilitarización en sus comunida<strong>de</strong>s.279. Aproximadamente a las 12:30 horas <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong>, agentes <strong>de</strong> la policía <strong>de</strong> la prefectura <strong>de</strong>Malleco habrían intervenido violentamente, <strong>de</strong>teniendo a 16 estudiantes, incluyendo a los Sres. ySras. Curipan, Queipul Paillaleo, Fierro, Catrillanca, Vira, Millanao, Ñancucheo, Montoya,Manque, Rubilar, Vidal, Queipul, Parra y Lican.280. Asimismo, el 7 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Mendoza Collio habría sido asesinado porelementos <strong>de</strong> la policía chilena <strong>de</strong> Carabineros mientras participaba en una recuperación <strong>de</strong>tierras que supuestamente ancestralmente le pertenecían a su comunidad en el Fundo “SanSebastián” en la Comunidad <strong>de</strong> Ercilla. Varios otros miembros <strong>de</strong> la Comunidad Mapuchehabrían sido heridos durante el inci<strong>de</strong>nte, entre ellos el Sr. Curinao.281. Se expresó temor que los hostigamientos e intimidaciones contra miembros <strong>de</strong> laComunidad Mapuche y dirigentes sociales <strong>de</strong> Puerto Montt podrían estar relacionados con lasactivida<strong>de</strong>s que realizan en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno282. En una carta fechada el 23 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009 el Gobierno respondió a la comunicación.283. En relación con los allanamientos a domicilios el 13 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, el MinisterioPúblico <strong>de</strong> Chile informó que “no existen investigaciones penales a su respecto que coincidancon los hechos mencionados ni la fecha <strong>de</strong> ocurrencia <strong>de</strong> los mismo”.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 50284. Igual en relación con los actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamientos e intimidaciones contra el Sr. VeraMillaquén, el Ministerio Público <strong>de</strong> Chile señaló que “no ha <strong>de</strong>nunciado ningún hechoconstitutivo <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>lito que permita al Ministerio Público investigar su eventual ocurrencia ypartícipes”.285. En relación con la <strong>de</strong>tención <strong>de</strong> 16 estudiantes mapuches el Ministerio Público informé losiguiente; con fecha 30 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, alre<strong>de</strong>dor <strong>de</strong> las 9 horas, fueron <strong>de</strong>tenidos 16 jóvenes enel Liceo Alonso <strong>de</strong> Ercilla y Zúñiga <strong>de</strong> la localidad <strong>de</strong> Ercilla, provincia <strong>de</strong> Malleco, Novenaregión <strong>de</strong> la Araucanía. 11 <strong>de</strong> los 16 jóvenes <strong>de</strong>tenidos son menores <strong>de</strong> edad, y 14 <strong>de</strong> ellos sonestudiantes. A los jóvenes se les imputó el haber ocupado ilegalmente <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncias <strong>de</strong>l Liceo,obstruyendo a<strong>de</strong>más el tránsito <strong>de</strong> vehículos; lanzar objetos contun<strong>de</strong>ntes a la policía u colocarcarteles alusivos al conflicto mapuche, como ‘libertad a los presos políticos’, ‘solución anuestros problemas’ y otros, todo lo cual fue calificado por el fiscal como <strong>de</strong>sór<strong>de</strong>nes públicos ydaños, <strong>de</strong>litos contemplados en los artículos 289 y 487 <strong>de</strong>l Código Penal, respectivamente. Los<strong>de</strong>tenidos señalan no haber tenido participación en esta movilización.286. Al día siguiente se realizó una audiencia para verificar la legalidad <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>tención yformalizar la investigación contra los jóvenes. En dicha audiencia, el <strong>de</strong>fensor Ricardo CáceresSetlen, <strong>de</strong> la Defensoría Penal Mapuche, pudo constatar que los jóvenes habían sido agredidos,consistentes en hematomas y otras lesiones. Se alegó la ilegalidad <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>tención por la falta <strong>de</strong>antece<strong>de</strong>ntes que establecieran la efectiva participación <strong>de</strong> los jóvenes en los <strong>de</strong>sór<strong>de</strong>nes, losapremios sufridos y la falta <strong>de</strong> información <strong>de</strong> sus <strong>de</strong>rechos. En base a lo anterior, y aunque noaccedió a invalidar la <strong>de</strong>tención, el juez dispuso enviar los antece<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong> dicha <strong>de</strong>tención a lafiscalía militar <strong>de</strong> Angol, para que se inicie una investigación por eventuales <strong>de</strong>litoscontemplados en el Código <strong>de</strong> Justicia Militar; pidió a carabineros <strong>de</strong> Collipulli que diera cuentasi se le informó a los <strong>de</strong>tenidos sobre sus <strong>de</strong>rechos; y al hospital <strong>de</strong> Collipulli, que constatare laslesiones <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>tenidos. Los jóvenes fueron sometidos a medidas cautelares <strong>de</strong> prohibición <strong>de</strong>participar en activida<strong>de</strong>s públicas, arraigo regional y, para los adolescentes, sujeción aunPrograme <strong>de</strong> re-inserción social <strong>de</strong>pendiente <strong>de</strong>l Servicios Nacional <strong>de</strong> Menores, SENAME. Noobstante, los adolescentes imputados siempre alegaron que ellos fueron meros observadores <strong>de</strong>estos acontecimientos ocurridos frente a su establecimiento educacional.287. Se informó que con fecha 27 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, el juez aprobó que el procedimiento sesuspendiera a favor <strong>de</strong> 14 <strong>de</strong> los 16 jóvenes, imponiéndoles las siguientes condiciones:Prohibición <strong>de</strong> participar en actos públicos, sujeción a un programa <strong>de</strong> SENAME, tener trabajo oestudios, por un año. El 30 <strong>de</strong> septiembre se realizó un juicio en procedimiento simplificado enel que se con<strong>de</strong>nó a uno <strong>de</strong> los imputados a 61 días <strong>de</strong> presidio menor en grado mínimo,concediéndole el beneficio <strong>de</strong> remisión condicional <strong>de</strong> la pena.”288. En relación con la muerte <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Mendoza Collío, se informó que luego <strong>de</strong> la muerte <strong>de</strong>lcomunero Jaime Mendoza Collio, perteneciente al Comunidad Requén Pillan, al interior <strong>de</strong>lFundo San Sebastián en Angol, ocurrida el 12 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, se i<strong>de</strong>ntificó como responsable<strong>de</strong>l disparo, al Cabo Primero, José Miguel Jara Muñoz, perteneciente al Grupo <strong>de</strong> OperacionesPoliciales Especiales (GOPE) <strong>de</strong> Santiago, quien quedó recluido por or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> la Fiscalía Militar.289. Asimismo, se informó que, el 18 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Cabo José Jara fue cometido aProceso por el Delito <strong>de</strong> Violencia Innecesaria con Resultado <strong>de</strong> Muerte y permaneció en Prisión


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 51Preventiva al interior <strong>de</strong> la Comisaría <strong>de</strong> Angol con libre plática. El Tribunal también discutió lasolicitud <strong>de</strong> libertad <strong>de</strong>l uniformado, que fue rechazado.290. Según la carta, ante una nueva petición interpuesta el 8 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, elTribunal resolvió la libertad bajo fianza <strong>de</strong>l cabo José Jara.291. Actualmente, el Cabo José Jara se encuentra en libertad y se mantiene procesado por lamuerte <strong>de</strong> Mendoza Collio, a la espera <strong>de</strong> las diligencias que <strong>de</strong>termine el Fiscal Militar, bajosecreto <strong>de</strong> sumario en la investigación. Por lo tanto, no se tiene conocimiento <strong>de</strong> las activida<strong>de</strong>sfuturas <strong>de</strong> la Justicia Militar.292. En relación con el incendio en las oficinas <strong>de</strong> SalmonChile, se informaró que el incendiofue intencional y que el 5 <strong>de</strong> mayo el Ministerio <strong>de</strong>l Interior presentó una querella contra quienesresulten responsables por el <strong>de</strong>lito incendio en Instituto Tecnológico <strong>de</strong>l Salmón (Intesal).293. Hasta el momento las investigaciones que encabeza el Fiscal Sergio Coronado Rocha seha encaminado por una parte, a las pericias técnicas que <strong>de</strong>muestran la intencionalidad <strong>de</strong>lincendio encontrando en los escombros restos <strong>de</strong> una mochila que contendría el materialincendiario y por otra, se están realizando las pericias en relación al correo electrónico <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong>don<strong>de</strong> se envió el mensaje que se atribuía la autoría <strong>de</strong>l incendio.294. En el marco <strong>de</strong> la referida investigación, el 13 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, se informó lo siguiente:se efectuó entrada y registro voluntario en los domicilios <strong>de</strong> los Sres. Hernan Espinoza Zapatel,Ricardo Casa Mayorga, Jaime Bustamante Ojeda, Alejandro Triviño Guerrero, Cristian EspinozaGuerrero, Pedro Guerrero Guerrero, Francisco Mancilla Barrientos y en la casa en calle Huascosin número, Población Vista Hermosa, Puerto Montt, realizándose con pleno respeto a lasnormas que regulan el procedimiento <strong>de</strong> entrada y registro en lugares cerrados, conconsentimiento expreso <strong>de</strong> los encargados o propietarios <strong>de</strong> los inmuebles, lo cual consta <strong>de</strong> lasrespectivas actas firmadas. Asimismo, por los mismos encargados o propietarios, se hizo entregavoluntaria <strong>de</strong> una serie <strong>de</strong> dispositivos <strong>de</strong> almacenamiento <strong>de</strong> información. En el caso <strong>de</strong>l Sr.Ricardo Casas Mayorga, se informó que no hizo entrega voluntaria <strong>de</strong> algunos elementos así quese solicitó y se obtuvo la correspondiente autorización <strong>de</strong> incautación <strong>de</strong>l juez <strong>de</strong> garantía <strong>de</strong>turno.295. Asimismo, se informó que fueron incautados diversos dispositivos electrónicos ycomputaciones para luego ser revisados como parte <strong>de</strong> la investigación.296. Finalmente, se informó que las siguientes personas han sido formalizadas por el atentadocontra SalmónChile y serán investigadas en un plazo <strong>de</strong> 4 meses para dilucidar su participaciónintelectual y/o material en el atentado: Hernán Espinoza Zapatel, Ricardo Casa Mayorga, JaimeBustamante Ojeda, Alejandro Triviño Guerrero, Pedro Guerrero Guerrero, Francisco MancillaBarrientos, Paulo Rojas Ramírez y Cristian Espinoza Guerrero.Observaciones297. La Relatora Especial agra<strong>de</strong>ce la información proporcionada por el Gobierno <strong>de</strong> Chile enrelación con la comunicación enviada. No obstante, la Relatora Especial expresa preocupaciónpor la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores cuyo trabajo está enfocado en los


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 52<strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los pueblos indígenas. La Relatora Especial insta al Gobierno a realizar todos losesfuerzos para asegurar un ambiente seguro <strong>de</strong> modo que los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos puedan realizar su trabajo.Urgent appealChina298. On 24 December 2008, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention and the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal regarding the situation of Mr. Xiaobo Liu, Chinese citizen, age 53, resi<strong>de</strong>nt of HaidianDistrict, Beijing, is a Beijing-based writer, intellectual and human rights activist; and currentlythe editor of the online journal Democratic China, the former presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ntChinese PEN.299. On 8 December 2008, Mr. Liu was taken away from his home by the Local police and theNational Security police (guobao) from Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau (PSB).According to the <strong>de</strong>tention warrant presented by the police at the time of arrest, he was to be<strong>de</strong>tained on suspicion of “inciting subversion of state power”.300. The police authorities have not informed his family about his <strong>de</strong>tention, nor the type of<strong>de</strong>tention, nor the reasons for the <strong>de</strong>tention. It is alleged that the police authorities told Mr. Liu’swife that his <strong>de</strong>tention ‘’was a very high level <strong>de</strong>cision’’, and that the police authorities canprovi<strong>de</strong> no further information regarding the <strong>de</strong>tention.301. In the past, Mr. Liu was <strong>de</strong>tained several times: in 1989, he was jailed for 18 months forparticipating in the stu<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong>mocracy movement; in 1995, he was <strong>de</strong> facto <strong>de</strong>tained un<strong>de</strong>rruanjin, (or “soft <strong>de</strong>tention” regime, a form of resi<strong>de</strong>ntial surveillance) for 8 months in a Beijingsuburb for issuing a public petition; in 1996, he was sent to three years of Re-education throughLabor (RTL). Since 1999, Mr. Liu has been un<strong>de</strong>r resi<strong>de</strong>ntial surveillance.302. Mr. Liu’s arrest came a day before the issuance of Charter 08, a public appeal calling forreforms that promote <strong>de</strong>mocracy and human rights in the People’s Republic of China. Mr. Liu isone of the 303 Chinese citizens who signed this petition. It is alleged that Mr. Liu is <strong>de</strong>tained forsigning the petition, and also suspected of organizing the signature of the petition.303. Concern is expressed that the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Liu may be related to his nonviolentexercise of his right to freedom of opinion and expression in the course of his activities in<strong>de</strong>fence of human rights. Further concern is expressed for the physical and psychologicalintegrity of Mr. Liu while in <strong>de</strong>tention.Response from the Government304. At the time this report was finalized, the reply of the Government of 13 February 2009had not been translated.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 53Urgent appeal305. On 14 January 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal concerning Mr. Wang Debang, a human rights activist from Beijing. According to theinformation received:306. On 10 January 2009 Mr. Wang Debang was summoned by over twenty policemen to theBeijing Municipal Public Security Bureau. The police searched his home and confiscated hiscomputer and other personal items.307. Mr. Wang was interrogated for about six hours about his alleged involvement in draftingthe forthcoming Report on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in China (2008) for the NGOChinese Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs (CHRD). He was also questioned about his involvement inCharter 08, a document signed by over 300 prominent Chinese intellectuals and human rightsactivists to promote political reform and <strong>de</strong>mocratization in China.308. Concern is expressed that the summoning and interrogation of Mr. Wang, as well as theconfiscation of his computer and other personal items may be solely related to his peacefulactivities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights. Further concern is expressed that these actions may formpart of a broa<strong>de</strong>r pattern to harass signatories of Charter 08.Response from the Government309. On 27 February 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the urgent appeal. The Governmentindicated that Wang Debang, real name Wang Zhijing, is an ethnic Han male born on 4 October1965 and originally from Guilin, Guangxi. On 10 January 2009 he was issued a subpoena by theBeijing public security authorities, in accordance with the law, for investigation on suspicion ofhaving engaged in illegal activities. To date the public security authorities have taken nocoercive measures in respect of him.Urgent appeal310. On 12 February 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteurof the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce ofjudges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right tofreedom of opinion and expression and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel,inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal concerning Mr. GaoZhisheng, a human rights lawyer. Mr. Zhisheng was the subject of several communications senton 28 September 2007, 1 December 2006, 30 November 2006, 21 December 2005 and 25November 2005. According to the information received:311. Mr. Gao Zhisheng was taken away from his home in Shaanxi Province by more than 10security agents on 4 February 2009. He had previously been taken into custody on or shortlyafter 19 January 2009 and held incommunicado at an unknown location. He is consi<strong>de</strong>red to beat high risk of torture and other ill-treatment in light of the harsh treatment he received while in<strong>de</strong>tention in 2006 and 2007. His current whereabouts are unknown.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 54312. Mr. Gao Zhisheng had been previously <strong>de</strong>tained on 22 September 2007 and heldincommunicado for six weeks. During this time, he was allegedly stripped and beaten by a groupof police officers in civilian clothes. He was also beaten, given electric shocks to his genitals andhad cigarettes held close to his eyes for several hours, leaving him partially blind for a number ofdays. During his <strong>de</strong>tention in 2006, he was reportedly handcuffed and forced to sit in an ironchair or cross-legged for more than four days at a time, in addition to having bright lights shonein his eyes. In April 2007, Mr. Gao Zhisheng publicized the torture and ill-treatment he hadsuffered while in custody, which led to an escalation of harassment of his family.313. Without expressing at this stage an opinion on the facts of the case and on whether the<strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Gao Zhisheng is arbitrary or not, we would like to appeal to your Excellency'sGovernment to take all necessary measures to guarantee his right not to be <strong>de</strong>prived arbitrarily ofhis liberty and to fair proceedings before an in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt and impartial tribunal, in accordancewith articles 9 and 10 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.314. We should also like to appeal to your Excellency’s Government to take all necessarysteps to secure the right to freedom of opinion and expression of the above mentioned person, inaccordance with fundamental principles as set forth in article 19 of the Universal Declaration ofHuman RightsResponse from the Government315. On 1 April 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the urgent appeal. The Governmentindicated that on 15 August 2006, Gao Zhisheng was placed in criminal <strong>de</strong>tention on suspicionof inciting subversion of State power, and on 21 September of that year he was arrested by or<strong>de</strong>rof the procuratorial authorities. On 22 December 2006, the Beijing First Intermediate People’sCourt sentenced Gao, taking into account his meritorious service, to three years’ imprisonmentwith five years’ probation, and to one year’s <strong>de</strong>privation of his political rights. At present he isstill in Beijing serving his term of probation.316. China is a country governed by the rule of law. The public security authorities abi<strong>de</strong>strictly by the law in their handling of cases. While Gao was in criminal <strong>de</strong>tention in 2006, thepublic security authorities never tortured him. Since 2007, Gao has never been subjected to anycoercive measures or held in any covert form of imprisonment by the Chinese Government. TheChinese public security authorities have never received any complaint from Gao or from anyoneelse.Urgent appeal317. On 18 February 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protectionof the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the Special Rapporteur on torture and othercruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal regarding Mr.Lobsang Lhundup, 38 years old, born in Gemo Village, in Litang County, Ganzi, TibetanAutonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, a monk of Nekhor Monastery; his brother, Mr.Sonam Tenpa, 29 years old; Mr. Jampa Thokmey, 30 years old; Mr. Gelek Kunga, 26 yearsold; Mr. Lobsang Tenzin, 23 years old; Mr. Lobsang Phen<strong>de</strong>y, 37 years old; Mr. JampaYonten, 30 years old; Mr. Sanggey, 29 years old; Mr. Jampa Tsering, 28 years old; Mr.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 55Lobsang Wangchuk, 30 years old; Mr. Lobsang Tashi, 21 years old; Mr. Gendun Choephel,30 years old; Mr. Dargye, 37 years old; Mr. Gedhun, 29 years old; Mr. Jampa, 40 years old;Mr. Amdo Gyaltsen, 41 years old; and Mr. Damdul, head of Dekyi village, all of them residingin Litang County. According to the information received:318. Mr. Lobsang Lhundup was arrested on 15 February 2009 for staging a peaceful solo<strong>de</strong>monstration at the main market square of Litang town for about 15-20 minutes, chantingslogan such as “Long live the Dalai Lama”, “In<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce for Tibet”, “Swift return of the DalaiLama to Tibet”, or “No Losar celebration this year” (Losar being the New Year celebrated byethnic Tibetans). He was arrested and <strong>de</strong>tained by officials of the Public Security Bureau (PSB)and People’s Armed Police (PAP) and taken to the Litang PSB Detention Centre for furtherinterrogation.319. In the morning of 16 February 2009, a group of twenty Tibetans from Litang County wasalso arrested after staging a similar peaceful protest march at Litang main market square. Inaddition to the sixteen individuals named above, they inclu<strong>de</strong> two Tibetans, whose i<strong>de</strong>ntities arenot known, and Yanglo and Dolma, two Tibetan Nomad women from Sako village, who werereleased on the evening of the same day.320. Mr. Sonam Tenpa, who led the peaceful protest, was carrying a portrait of the DalaiLama adorned with a traditional Tibetan scarf, while the group chanted slogans such as “LongLive the Dalai Lama”, “In<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce for Tibet”, “Swift return of the Dalai Lama to Tibet” and“No Losar celebration this year”.321. Eyewitnesses to the scene reported that the members of the group were beaten,manhandled and forcibly loa<strong>de</strong>d into military trucks by PSB and PAP forces. Some of theprotesters were badly bruised and injured with blood dripping from their nose, head and arms.Mr. Sonam Tenpa and Mr. Lobsang Tenzin sustained particularly serious injuries from thebeatings at the site of the <strong>de</strong>monstration.322. Mr. Lobsang Lhundup is currently <strong>de</strong>tained at Litang County PSB Detention Centre,whereas the other <strong>de</strong>tainees are said to be held at Tsagha PSB Detention Centre. However, whenthe family members of Mr. Gelek Kunga arrived for a visit they could not find him at this<strong>de</strong>tention centre.323. Concerns are expressed for the physical and mental integrity of the abovementionedindividuals, in particular of Mr. Gelek Kunga whose whereabouts are currently unknown.Further concerns are expressed that their arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention might be solely based on theirreportedly peaceful exercise of their right to freedom of assembly, opinion, and expression ofpolitical beliefs.Response from the Government324. At the time this report was finalized, the reply of the Government of 17 April 2009 hadnot been translated.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 56Urgent appeal325. On 31 March 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce ofjudges and lawyers and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right tofreedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal regarding Wei Liangyue, director ofthe Harbin-based Jiaodian Law Firm and a human rights lawyer, and his wife, Du Yongjing.According to the information received, on 28 February 2009, Wei Liangyue and his wife DuYongjing were arrested by public security officers in the city of Harbin, Heilongjiang Province,while attending a Falun Gong meeting. Subsequently, Wei Liangyue and Du Yongjing werereportedly held in Nangang District Detention Center and in the Harbin City Women's No. 2Detention Center, respectively.326. While Wei Liangyue was <strong>de</strong>tained on suspicion of “gathering a crowd to disturb socialor<strong>de</strong>r” and reportedly received one and a half years of re-education through labour, his wife issuspected of “using heretical organization to obstruct the implementation of the law” and mightface criminal prosecution un<strong>de</strong>r article 300 of the Criminal Law.327. Both were reportedly warned by the authorities not to discuss the case publicly and not tohire a lawyer to represent them.328. During over 20 years of his law practice, Wei Liangyue has provi<strong>de</strong>d legal aid to localpeople facing human rights violations, including Falun Gong practitioners who have been<strong>de</strong>tained for their beliefs.329. Concern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity of Wei Liangyue andDu Yongjing while in <strong>de</strong>tention.Response from the Government330. At the time this report was finalized, the reply of the Government of 22 May 2009 hadnot been translated.Urgent appeal331. On 19 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel,inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal regarding two lawyers, Mr.Zhang Kai and Mr. Li Chunfu. According to the information received:332. Zhang Kai and Li Chunfu were hired by the family of Jiang Xiqing, a Falun Gongpractitioner who died in the Chongqing Xishanping Reeducation Center on 28 January 2009.Authorities stated that he died of a heart attack, but the family, suspicious of the cause of <strong>de</strong>ath,<strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d to hire a lawyer for legal support. A first lawyer was hired from Chongqing, but he<strong>de</strong>clined to be retained by the family after having formally inquired with the police. Zhang Kai,from a Beijing Yijia Law Firm, and Li Chunfu, from the Beijing Globe Law Firm, were hiredafterwards.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 57333. On 13 May 2009, they met with their clients at their home in the Jiangjin District,Chongqing, to discuss the case. At around 4 p.m., four policemen went to the home claiming thatthey were <strong>de</strong>livering materials from the public security bureau’s judicial administrative office.They then started to interrogate the two lawyers and their clients. Subsequently, about 20 moreindividuals from the state security unit of the Jiangjin District Public Security Bureau and theJijiang Police Substation also came to the house. When the police asked the two lawyers to showtheir i<strong>de</strong>ntity cards, Li Chunfu presented his lawyer’s license and Zhang Kai his passport, whichwere, however, not accepted by the police. Subsequently, the police officers began pulling theirhair, twisting their arms and beating them while pinning them on the ground. Afterwards, thetwo lawyers were handcuffed and taken to the police station.334. At the police station, Zhang Kai was hung up with handcuffs in an iron cage and LiChunfu was slapped in the face by a police officer. During their interrogation they were boththreatened not to <strong>de</strong>fend any Falun Gong cases. They were released at 12:40 a.m., on 14 May2009. Their hands were covered with bruises and scars; Zhang Kai’s hands were also numb andswollen and Li Chunfu had troubled hearing in one ear. They are currently being examined at theJiangjin District People’s Hospital.335. We urge your Government to take all necessary measures to guarantee that the rights ofthe aforementioned persons are respected and that accountability of any person guilty of thealleged violations is ensured.Response from the Government336. At the time this report was finalized, the reply of the Government of 9 June 2009 had notbeen translated.Letter of allegations337. On 2 June 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on tortureand other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent a letter of allegationsconcerning Jiang Cun<strong>de</strong>, sentenced to life in prison in 1987. According to the informationreceived:338. Jiang Cun<strong>de</strong> was active in the <strong>de</strong>mocracy movement that began in China in December1986. In late 1986, he was arrested after giving a speech supporting the stu<strong>de</strong>nts at Shanghai’sPeople’s Square. He was charged with plotting to hijack an aircraft and sentenced to life inprison for the crime of counterrevolutionary sabotage and related offenses.339. In early 1993, he received parole on the grounds of mental illness. It is believed that thisillness <strong>de</strong>veloped while he was in prison, since he would not have been given that sentence if hehad been diagnosed as mentally ill at the time of his conviction.340. After his release, Jiang Cun<strong>de</strong> returned to his previous activities. In June 1999, he wasarrested and returned to Tilanqiao Prison to continue serving his sentence. However, the reasonsgiven for his re-incarceration do not inclu<strong>de</strong> the cure of his mental illness.341. In 2004, Jiang Cun<strong>de</strong>’s life sentence was commuted to a fixed term of 20 years. Thelatest information reportedly provi<strong>de</strong>d by the Government in late 2007 indicated that Jiang is


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 58serving a sentence for “endangering state security” and is due for release in 2024. His convictionin 1986 had been for counterrevolution, and not endangering state security, since it did not existas a crime at the time. Moreover, hijacking an airplane was not inclu<strong>de</strong>d in the amen<strong>de</strong>d criminallaw as a crime of endangering state security, but as a crime against public security. Although thecrime of counterrevolution was removed from China’s Criminal Law in 1997, Jian Cun<strong>de</strong> is stillserving his prison sentence for this crime.342. We would also like to draw your Government’s attention to the report of the SpecialRapporteur on Torture on his visit to China, where he stated that “…prisoners are still servingsentences for counter-revolution… Most systems provi<strong>de</strong> for the release of prisoners servingsentences for a crime that is removed from the criminal law. Article 15, paragraph 1 of theInter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civil and Political Rights suggest that, at a minimum, reviews of theprisoners’ sentences should be carried out” (see E/CN.4/2006/6/Add.6, para. 60).343. We urge your Government to take all necessary measures to guarantee that the rights andfreedoms of the aforementioned person are respected and that accountability of any person guiltyof the alleged violations is ensured. We also request that your Government adopts effectivemeasures to prevent the recurrence of these acts.Response from the Government344. At the time this report was finalized, the reply of the Government of 22 July 2009 had notbeen translated.Urgent appeal345. On 10 June 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, sent an urgent appeal regarding the rejection of reregistrationof several <strong>de</strong>fense lawyers, in particular Jiang Tianyong, Li Heping, Li Xiongbing,Li Chunfu and Wang Yajun of Globe-Law in Beijing; Cheng Hai, Tang Jitian, and YangHuiwen of Anhui Law Firm in Beijing; Xie Yanyi and Li Dunyong of Gongxin Law Firm inBeijing; Wen Haibo and Liu Wei of Shunhe Law Firm in Beijing; Zhang Lihui of BeijingG&G Law Firm; Li Jinglin of Jiurui Law Firm in Beijing; Wei Liangyue of Jiaodian Law Firmin Heilongjiang; Yang Zaixin of Baijuming Law Firm in Guangxi; and Sun Wenbing of XinheLaw Firm in Liaoning.346. Li Heping, Li Chunfu, Cheng Hai, Tang Jitian and Wei Liangyue have been the subjectof previous communications sent on 5 October 2007, 13 March 2008, 7 November 2008, 31March 2009 and 19 May 2009. The Special Rapporteurs wish to thank the Government of thePeople's Republic of China for the replies received on 25 February 2008, 24 April 2008, 13February 2009 and 22 May 2009.347. On 25 June 2008, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers andthe Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs sent an allegation letter to theGovernment regarding the Law on Lawyers as amen<strong>de</strong>d on 28 October 2007 and the 1996Ministry of Justice regulations on “Methods for the Management of Lawyers ProfessionalLicenses”. In this connection, the Special Rapporteurs drew the Excellency’s Governmentattention to concerns related to the legal regime of re-registration of licenses of lawyers and its


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 59application and several new provisions of the amen<strong>de</strong>d Law on Lawyers. The SpecialRapporteurs regret that no reply has been received so far from the Government to thatcommunication. According to the information received:348. Jiang Tianyong, Li Heping, Li Xiongbing, Li Chunfu, Wang Yajun, Cheng Hai, TangJitian, Yang Huiwen, Xie Yanyi, Li Dunyong, Wen Haibo, Liu Wei, Zhang Lihui, Li Jinglin,Wei Liangyue, Yang Zaixin and Sun Wenbing had applied for the renewal of their lawyers’licenses in the ‘Annual Inspection and Registration’ procedure, which was conclu<strong>de</strong>d on 31 May2009. The above-mentioned individuals have not been granted re-registration by early June 2009and thus are in effect disbarred from carrying out their professional functions. As a consequence,they will not be able to proceed in the cases they are currently representing.349. Most of the aforementioned lawyers have worked on a number of human rights relatedcases. They represented parents in the melamine milk-pow<strong>de</strong>r affair and parents of childrenkilled during the Sichuan earthquake who are pressing for an investigation into the causes of thedisproportionately high rate of school collapses. Others have been involved in representingHIV/AIDS patients, victims of police abuses, farmers evicted from their land, and Falun Gongpractitioners. In addition, many of those lawyers supported the call for direct elections ofrepresentatives of the Lawyers Association.350. Many law firms have received instructions by their judicial and administrative<strong>de</strong>partments and lawyers associations of their localities to either ‘fail’ those lawyers in theirannual performance evaluation (a pre-requisite for successful re-licensing) who take on sensitivecases or to immediately terminate their contracts.351. Furthermore, at least three law firms, i.e. Anhui, Gongxin and Shunhe in Beijing, werealso <strong>de</strong>nied the approval by local lawyers associations in the ‘Annual Inspection andRegistration’ exercise. This rejection affects at least 30 more lawyers employed by those firms.On 17 February 2009, Beijing’s Yitong Law Firm was forced to close for six months. It isalleged that this closure was in retaliation for the advocating of some of the firm’s lawyers in thedirect election of the representatives of the Lawyers Association.352. Concern was expressed that the rejection to re-register the above-mentioned lawyers andthe law firms is related to their activities in representing victims of alleged human rightsviolations and their families in their capacity as <strong>de</strong>fense lawyers.Response from the Government353. At the time this report was finalized, the reply of the Government of 21 August 2009 hadnot been translated.Urgent appeal354. On 30 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on the rightof everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health andthe Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment,


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 60sent an urgent appeal regarding the <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Huang Qi. Mr. Huang Qi is the head of thehuman rights organization Tianwang Human Rights Service and foun<strong>de</strong>r of the human rightswebsite 64tianwang. He has also advocated on behalf of parents whose children were killedwhen their school buildings collapsed in the Sichuan earthquake in May 2008.355. Mr. Huang Qi was the subject of urgent appeals sent by the then Special Representativeon the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the Special Rapporteur on thequestion of torture on 8 December 2003, and by the Special Rapporteur on the situation ofhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 18 June 2008. We would like to thank your Excellency’s Governmentfor its letter of response dated 7 August 2008. According to new information received:356. In spite of <strong>de</strong>teriorating health conditions, Huang Qi has allegedly been <strong>de</strong>nied medicaltreatment while in <strong>de</strong>tention. Huang Qi suffers from headaches and insomnia, has an irregularheart beat and has reportedly recently discovered four lumps on his chest and abdomen. He hasnot been permitted access to any medical care.357. Following a meeting with Huang Qi on 26 May 2009, during which the human rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>scribed his health concerns, his lawyer, Mr. Mo Shaping, submitted an applicationfor bail. However, authorities have not yet respon<strong>de</strong>d to this request. Huang Qi’s family has alsobeen <strong>de</strong>nied visitation rights since he was first arrested and <strong>de</strong>tained on 10 June 2008.358. On 18 July 2008, Huang Qi was formally charged with “illegal possession of statesecrets” having been previously <strong>de</strong>tained for over a month without charge. His <strong>de</strong>tention isbelieved to be connected to articles posted on his website, 64 tianwang, regarding allegationsma<strong>de</strong> that the buildings which collapsed in the Sichuan earthquake in May 2008, and whichresulted in the <strong>de</strong>aths of many children, were structurally faulty.359. Concern was expressed that the continued <strong>de</strong>tention of Huang Qi, and the refusal toprovi<strong>de</strong> him with the necessary medical attention, are related to his work in <strong>de</strong>fence of humanrights.Response from the Government360. At the time this report was finalized, the reply of the Government of 17 December 2009had not been translated.Urgent appeal361. On 7 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Vice-ChairpersonRapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the SpecialRapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent anurgent appeal regarding Mr Xu Zhiyong and Mr Zhuang Lu. Mr Xu Zhiyong is the foun<strong>de</strong>r ofthe legal aid and research center Open Constitution Initiative (OCI, also known as Gongmeng inChinese), law professor at Beijing University of Post and Telecommunications and electedrepresentative of the People’s Congress for Haidian District. Mr Zhuang Lu is a staff member ofthe OCI. The Open Constitution Initiative addressed issues such as the <strong>de</strong>ath penalty, the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 61existence of unofficial “black jails” and represented parents of the victims of a recent taintedmilk scandal.362. Mr. Xu was the subject of an urgent appeal sent by the then Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the then Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce ofjudges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the question of torture and the then SpecialRepresentative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 7 April2006.According to information received:363. On 29 July 2009, at approximately 5.00 am, Mr Xu Zhiyong was taken from his home inBeijing by several policemen. Mr Zhuang Lu was also taken from his home at around the sametime. Both remain in police <strong>de</strong>tention at an unknown location.364. On 30 July 2009, the State Administration of Taxation held a hearing about its <strong>de</strong>cisionof 14 July 2009 in which it imposed a fine of 1.42 million RMB on OCI for tax evasion. Thehearing was reportedly held without the presence of Mr Xu Zhiyong and was closed to the public.The lawyers of Mr Xu Zhiyong and Mr Zhuang Lu atten<strong>de</strong>d the hearing.365. On 17 July 2009, three days after the State Administration of Taxation fined the OCI fortax evasion; the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Civil Affairs <strong>de</strong>clared the OCI illegal and rai<strong>de</strong>d itsoffices.366. Concern is expressed that the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention at an unknown location of Mr XuZhiyong and Mr Zhuang Lu may be related to their activities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights. Furtherconcern is expressed given that the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of the above-mentioned persons mayform part of a broa<strong>de</strong>r pattern of restricting the activities of NGOs and lawyers working onsensitive human rights issues.Response from the Government367. At the time this report was finalized, the reply of the Government of 24 December 2009had not been translated.Letter of allegations368. On 20 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent a letter ofallegations in relation to the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of four writers from Tibet Autonomous Region(TAR), Mr. Kang Gongque, Mr. Gang Ni, Mr. Zhuori Cicheng, and Mr. Tashi Rabten.According to information received:369. On 20 March 2008, Mr. Kang Gongque, editor of the newspaper “Gangsai Meiduo” andfoun<strong>de</strong>r of the Barkham University newspaper, was arrested in Luomo Temple in Qinghai, aftercon<strong>de</strong>mning the measures taken against the riots which took place that month. He is now servinga two-year sentence in a prison in Chengdu, Sichuan province.370. On 17 March 2009, Mr. Gang Ni, a monk who wrote articles entitled “Who are the realseparatists?” and “Tibetans, we must recognise the truth about AIDS”, was arrested and has beenin prison since then.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 62371. On 2 April 2009, Mr. Zhuori Cicheng, foun<strong>de</strong>r and editor of a literary magazine “Life ofSnow”, was jailed for writing articles that allegedly “incited separatism”.372. On 27 July 2009, Mr. Tashi Rabten, a journalist known by the pen-name “Therang”, wasarrested after self-publishing “The Book of Blood”, a collection of 32 articles about the March2008 riots in TAR. Reports claim that he is being held in a prison in Ruoergai, Sichuan province.373. The imprisonment of the four writers only became known after it was reported on anonline blog on 3 August 2009. The blog, as well as other local blogs which reported on this issue,have been blocked since then.374. Concern was expressed that the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of these four writers, as well as theblocking of the blogs, may represent a direct attempt to prevent in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt reporting in thePeople’s Republic of China, thus stifling freedom of expression in the country. Further concernwas expressed that some of the above-mentioned persons have been held without trial inunknown locations.Response from the Government375. At the time this report was finalized, the reply of the Government of 26 October 2009 hadnot been translated.Urgent appeal376. On 12 October 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson Rapporteurof the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the WorkingGroup on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the Special Rapporteur ontorture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appealconcerning Mrs. Liang Liwan, a petitioner from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. According to theinformation received:377. Mrs. Liang Liwan has been active as a petitioner in relation to forced evictions and<strong>de</strong>molition. It was reported that, on 22 September 2009, three men and one woman forced theirway into her temporary home and attempted to force her to sign an agreement for the <strong>de</strong>molitionof her home, which she refused.378. The next day, Mrs. Liang Liwan was arrested and <strong>de</strong>tained in police custody in Beijingby officers of the security police and other Government officials based in the city of Hangzhou.On 27 September, she was taken to Hangzhou and <strong>de</strong>tained at two different locations beforebeing transferred to an undisclosed location on 3 October. Her family currently has noinformation concerning her whereabouts. It is reported that members of the Hangzhou policeinformed her husband on 23 September only that “we have picked up your wife.”379. In December 2008, Mrs. Liang Liwan sent to Yves Cabannes, convener of the UnitedNations Advisory Group on Forced Evictions, information about the impending <strong>de</strong>molition ofher home by the local government. Later that month, her husband sustained serious injuries frombeatings by uni<strong>de</strong>ntified individuals.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 63380. In mid-August 2009, at a conference at the School of Public Management of ZhejiangUniversity, Mrs. Liang Liwan, using her own case as an example, spoke about social problemsfaced by ordinary Chinese citizens. Mr. Cabannes atten<strong>de</strong>d the conference, which was organizedby the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, a German foundation, the Centre Marc Bloch, a German socialsciences research institution, and Zhejiang University. After the conference, Mrs. Liang Liwaninvited Mr. Cabannes and others to see the site of her home, which is being requisitioned by theChinese Government for expansion of the city’s East Railway Station. During the tour, the policetook Mr. Cabannes and others to the local police substation for questioning. Mrs. Liang Liwanescaped and returned to the outskirts of Beijing to her temporary home, which she was rentingwhile petitioning the Government.381. In view of her reported <strong>de</strong>tention at an undisclosed location, serious concerns wereexpressed as regards Ms. Liang Liwan’s physical and mental integrity. Further concern wasexpressed that the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of Ms. Liang Liwan might be related to her reportedlypeaceful exercise of her right to freedom of opinion and expression in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights.Response from the Government382. At the time this report was finalized, the reply of the Government of 12 February 2010had not been translated.Urgent appeal383. On 19 October 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson Rapporteurof the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal regarding Mr.Guo Quan, former Nanjing Normal University associate professor and former member of theChina Democratic League, one of the eight State-approved political parties. According to theinformation received:384. On 16 October 2009, Guo Quan was sentenced to ten years of imprisonment on chargesof “subversion of state power” by the Suqian Intermediate People’s Court in Jiangsu Province.385. Between 2007 and 2008, Guo Quan published a large number of articles, including openletters on the Internet addressed to the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the People’s Republic of China, HisExcellency Hu Jintao, and to Mr. Wu Bangguo, Chairman of the Standing Committee of theNational People’s Congress. The letters addressed social problems in the People’s Republic ofChina such as workers who had been laid off, <strong>de</strong>mobilized military cadres, and peasants who hadlost their land. Guo Quan advocated a multi-party, competitively-elected <strong>de</strong>mocratic system and<strong>national</strong>ization of the military. He also foun<strong>de</strong>d the New Democracy Party of China. In late 2007,he was laid off by the Nanjing Normal University from his position as associate professor. Laterhe was summoned by the police, his house was searched and he was expelled from the ChinaDemocratic League.386. In November 2008, Guo Quan was <strong>de</strong>tained by the Nanjing Public Security Bureau in theGulou District on suspicion of “subversion of state power”. A case was filed on 20 June 2009with the Suqian Intermediate People’s Court, and Guo Quan’s trial took place on 7 August 2009.In issuing a <strong>de</strong>cision more than four months after it had accepted the case, the court significantly


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 64excee<strong>de</strong>d the one-and-a-half month legal time limit stipulated in article 168 of the CriminalProcedure Co<strong>de</strong> for a court to conclu<strong>de</strong> a case.387. Concerns were expressed that the criminal sentencing of Mr. Guo Quan might solely berelated to his reportedly peaceful activities petitioning your Excellency’s Government, and mightrepresent an attempt to stifle the right to freedom of opinion and expression in the country.Response from the Government388. At the time this report was finalized, the reply of the Government of 18 January 2010 hadnot been translated.Urgent appeal389. On 11 December 2009, the Special Rapporteur sent an urgent appeal to the Governmentconcerning the situation of Chen Xi, Shen Youlian, Mo Jiangang, Huang Yanming, ChenDefu, Zhu Zhengyuan, Sha Li, Wu Yuqin, Liao Shuangyuan and Zhang Chongfa, membersof the Guizhou Human Rights Forum. Chen Xi is one of the organizers of the Guizhou HumanRights Symposium which annually commemorates the Universal Declaration of Human Rightsaround the Human Rights Day.According to the information received:390. On 6 December 2009, Wu Yuqin, Shen Youlian, Mo Jiangang, Huang Yanming, ChenDefu, Zhu Zhengyuan, Sha Li, and Zhang Chongfa, were allegedly prevented to attend theannual Guizhou Human Rights Symposium, which was about to take place on the same day tocommemorate the Human Rights Day. They were allegedly stopped by the police on their way tothe symposium, searched and their mobile phones seized. It is reported that Wu Yuqin was toldby the police that the Guizhou Human Rights Symposium’s activities were illegal.391. On 7 December 2009, Chen Xi was allegedly arrested by the State security police inGuiyang and taken to an unknown location. It is alleged that the police officers were stationed infront of his home. It is reported that Chen Xi was told that he would be released after 10December 2009.392. On 14 November 2009, the police reportedly summoned Wu Yuqin and her husband,Liao Shuangyuan, and advice them not to take part in any activities related to the Human RightsDay commemorative activities. Liao Shuangyuan went into hiding after this summons.393. Concern is expressed that the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of Chen Xi, the acts of intimidationagainst Wu Yuqin, Shen Youlian, Mo Jiangang, Huang Yanming, Chen Defu, Zhu Zhengyuan,Sha Li, and Zhang Chongfa and the summons of Wu Yuqin and Liao Shuangyuan might bedirectly related to their work in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights. Given the fact that the whereabouts ofChen Xi are unknown, further concern is expressed about his physical and psychologicalintegrity.Response from the Government394. At the time this report was finalized, the reply of the Government of 5 January 2009 hadnot been translated.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 65Observations395. The Special Rapporteur thanks the Government of China for responding to most of hercommunications but regrets that at the time of the finalization of the report, the Government hadnot transmitted any replies to her communication of 12 October 2009.396. Notwithstanding the releases of Mrs. Liang Liwan in October 2009 and Chen Xi inDecember 2009, the Special Rapporteur urges the Government to transmit to her all relevantinformation regarding any investigation or prosecution in relation to these cases. The SpecialRapporteur also urges the Government to transmit all relevant information concerning the case ofMr. Guo Quan and notably how his activities, in particular the publishing of his articles, amountto a threat to the <strong>national</strong> security.Llamamiento urgenteColombia397. El 29 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad<strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, el Relator Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y lasliberta<strong>de</strong>s fundamentales <strong>de</strong> los indígenas, la Relatora Especial sobre la violencia contra la mujer,con inclusión <strong>de</strong> sus causas y consecuencias y el Relator Especial sobre las ejecucionesextrajudiciales, sumarias o arbitrarias, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atenciónurgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida en relación con el asesinato <strong>de</strong>l Sr. EdwinLegarda, esposo <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Aida Quilcué Vivas, Consejera Mayor <strong>de</strong>l Consejo RegionalIndígena <strong>de</strong>l Cauca (CRIC).398. La Sra. Aida Quilcué Vivas también ha tenido un papel importante en la Minga Nacional<strong>de</strong> Resistencia Indígena y Popular, una jornada <strong>de</strong> unidad comunitaria, social y popularconvocada por la Organización Nacional Indígena <strong>de</strong> Colombia (ONIC) para <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r la vida ylos <strong>de</strong>rechos territoriales, políticos, ambientales y alimentarios <strong>de</strong> las poblaciones indígenas. Enoctubre <strong>de</strong> 2008, las autorida<strong>de</strong>s colombianas, incluyendo al Presi<strong>de</strong>nte, supuestamentejustificaron la represión <strong>de</strong> esta Minga por parte <strong>de</strong> las Fuerzas Armadas <strong>de</strong> Colombia.399. De acuerdo con las informaciones recibidas, el 16 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, a primeras horas<strong>de</strong> la mañana, entre las localida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> Inzá y Totoró, Departamento <strong>de</strong> Cauca, soldados <strong>de</strong>lBatallón “José Hilario López” <strong>de</strong> la tercera división <strong>de</strong>l Ejército habrían llevado a cabo un ataquearmado contra el Sr. Edwin Legarda.400. La víctima conducía una camioneta <strong>de</strong> la Consejería <strong>de</strong>l CRIC con vidriossemipolarizados que se había asignado a su esposa, la Sra. Aida Quilcué Vivas.401. En total 17 balas, disparadas <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> varios ángulos, habrían llegado al vehículo. El Sr.Edwin Legarda se habría muerto unas horas <strong>de</strong>spués en un hospital.402. Al momento <strong>de</strong>l ataque el Sr. Edwin Legarda se dirigía a recoger a la Sra. Aida QuilcuéVivas, quien regresaba <strong>de</strong> Ginebra, Suiza, don<strong>de</strong> había asistido como representante <strong>de</strong>l CRIC y<strong>de</strong>legada <strong>de</strong> la Organización Indígena <strong>de</strong> Colombia (ONIC) al Examen Periódico Universal(EPU) <strong>de</strong> Colombia en las Naciones Unidas.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 66403. Ante el EPU la Sra. Aida Quilcué Vivas habría <strong>de</strong>nunciado las violaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos <strong>de</strong> las cuales los pueblos indígenas son víctima, incluyendo supuestas ejecucionesextrajudiciales por parte <strong>de</strong> las fuerzas <strong>de</strong> seguridad.404. Se expresó preocupación <strong>de</strong> que el asesinato <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Edwin Legarda podría estarvinculado con las activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Aida Quilcué Vivas en la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos, en particular los <strong>de</strong>rechos indígenas. Consi<strong>de</strong>rando que el vehículo conducido por el Sr.Edwin Legarda tenía vidrios semipolarizados y no se podía comprobar quién lo conducía, seexpresó temor que el ataque podría haber sido dirigido contra la Sra. Aida Quilcué Vivas. Así seexpresó gran preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Aida Quilcué Vivas.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno405. En dos cartas fechadas el 16 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009 y el 23 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Gobiernorespondió al llamamiento urgente. Según la información recibida <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno, las alegacionespresentadas en el llamamiento urgente fueron exactas.406. Se informó que el Sr. Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> la República <strong>de</strong> Colombia ha señalado las másprofundas condolencias a la Sra. Aida Quilqué, a toda su familia, al CRIC y a toda la comunidadindígena.407. Se expresó el gran interés <strong>de</strong>l Estado en que los hechos que ro<strong>de</strong>aron la muerte <strong>de</strong>l Sr.Legarda sean esclarecidos lo más pronto posible y se informó que las autorida<strong>de</strong>s judiciales seencuentran a<strong>de</strong>lantando las investigaciones pertinentes, con total in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia y transparencia.408. Se señaló que la misma mañana <strong>de</strong> los hechos, el Ministro <strong>de</strong> la Defensa y compañíapidieron una investigación a la Procuraduría, a la Fiscalía y al <strong>de</strong>legado <strong>de</strong> la Alta Comisionadapara los Derechos Humanos, que presi<strong>de</strong> la Delegación en Colombia. En este sentido, la Fiscalía41 Delegada ante la Unidad <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos y DIH asumió la investigación por la muerte<strong>de</strong>l Sr. Legarda. En <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong> esta investigación, el 16 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008 la SeccionalPolicía Judicial (SIJIN) <strong>de</strong> Popayán proporcionó más <strong>de</strong> 40 pruebas documentales con diversosestudios técnicos y entrevistas y el 22 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, en el municipio <strong>de</strong> Totoró, laPolicia Judicial elaboró un programa metodológico y se allegaron varios documentos obtenidospor la Procuraduría Provincial <strong>de</strong> Popayán, así como el informe pericial <strong>de</strong> necropsia <strong>de</strong>l Sr.Legarda y una dilegencia <strong>de</strong> inspección judicial.409. Asimismo, se informó que una Comisión <strong>de</strong>l Cuerpo Técnico <strong>de</strong> Investigación (CTI) <strong>de</strong>Popoyán se <strong>de</strong>splazó al sitio don<strong>de</strong> ocurrieron los hechos con el propósito <strong>de</strong> recolectar laevi<strong>de</strong>ncia física correspondiente. Esta Comisión observó que el sitio no se encontrabaacordonada y habían varias personas en el sector.410. Se señaló también que se recibieron informes <strong>de</strong>l investigador <strong>de</strong> campo, entre ellos, uninforme <strong>de</strong>l laboratorio <strong>de</strong> toxicología.411. Por otro lado la Procuraduría Provincial <strong>de</strong> Popayán abrió una indagación preliminar. El17 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, visitó las instalaciones <strong>de</strong>l Batallón José Hilarío López y se le solicitóal Comandante <strong>de</strong> mencionado Batallón copia <strong>de</strong> la or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> operaciones. Posteriormente, se


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 67recibieron las versiones libres <strong>de</strong> los 34 soldados que al parecer habrían participado en loshechos que presuntamente ocasionaron la muerte <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Legarda.412. Se informó que, el día 2 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Procuraduría Provincial <strong>de</strong> Popayánrecibió la <strong>de</strong>claración bajo la gravedad <strong>de</strong> juramento <strong>de</strong> la persona que se encontraba con lavíctima el día <strong>de</strong> los hechos y <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Quilqué. A la fecha se encontraban a la espera <strong>de</strong>información solicitada al Batallón, así como <strong>de</strong> recibir otros testimonios que serían necesariospara a<strong>de</strong>lantar la investigación disciplinaria.413. Asimismo, se informó que las autorida<strong>de</strong>s han fortalecido la protección <strong>de</strong> la Sra. AidaQuilqué y su familia.El esquema <strong>de</strong> protección <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Quilqué está compuesto por:- Un vehículo blindado- Dos unida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> escolta pertenecientes a la guardia indígena- Dos medios <strong>de</strong> comunicación Avantel asignados a las dos unida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> escolta- Un celular y un Avantel asignados a la señora Aida Quilqué.El esquema <strong>de</strong> protección <strong>de</strong> la hija <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Aida Quilqué está compuesto por:- Un vehículo blindado.- Una escolta perteneciente a la guardia. Indígena- Un Avantel asignado a la escolta.- Un Avantel asignado a la hija <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Aida Quilqué.En otra carta fechada el 23 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, se proporcionó la <strong>de</strong>claración <strong>de</strong>tallada <strong>de</strong> loshechos y especificación <strong>de</strong>l reporte e involucrados.Llamamiento urgente414. El 27 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con los actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento contra el Sr. YuriNeira, miembro <strong>de</strong>l Movimiento Nacional <strong>de</strong> Víctimas <strong>de</strong> Crímenes <strong>de</strong> Estado (MÓVICE) ycoordinador <strong>de</strong> activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>l Salmón Cultural, un centro <strong>de</strong> encuentro para jóvenes don<strong>de</strong> se<strong>de</strong>sarrollan varias activida<strong>de</strong>s culturales como muestras <strong>de</strong> cine, talleres <strong>de</strong> danza, pintura,conciertos privados, activida<strong>de</strong>s académicas y reuniones <strong>de</strong> análisis y estudio político.415. El Sr. Yuri Neira es padre <strong>de</strong> Nicolás Neira, fallecido a consecuencia <strong>de</strong> los golpespropinados por la policía anti-disturbios el 1 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2005. Según los informes, <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> elasesinato <strong>de</strong> su hijo, el Sr. Yuri Neira ha venido realizando <strong>de</strong>nuncias <strong>de</strong> la represión policial eimpunidad, tanto <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> sus activida<strong>de</strong>s en el marco <strong>de</strong> la sección <strong>de</strong> Bogotá <strong>de</strong>l MOVICE,como en su trabajo continuo con jóvenes en el centro “El Salmón Cultural”. Debido a susactivida<strong>de</strong>s, ha sufrido cuatro intentos <strong>de</strong> asesinatos y ha sido igualmente objeto <strong>de</strong> arrestosarbitrarios, continuos seguimientos, amenazas y señalamientos.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 68416. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 16 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009 por la tar<strong>de</strong> unos agentes <strong>de</strong>lDepartamento Administrativo <strong>de</strong> Seguridad (DAS) habrían procedidos al allanamiento <strong>de</strong>linmueble en el cual se encuentra la se<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>l centro social “El Salmón Cultural” en Bogotá, en elque colabora el Sr. Yuri Neira.417. El dispositivo <strong>de</strong>l DAS habría contada con 25 personas fuertemente armadas y alre<strong>de</strong>dor<strong>de</strong> ocho vehículos, entre los cuales se encontraba un carro anti-explosivos.418. En el momento en que los efectivos <strong>de</strong>l DAS habrían intentados entrar en el edificio, éstese habría encontrada sin ocupantes. Las puertas <strong>de</strong>l primer piso, las rejas <strong>de</strong> la entrada y la puertaque da lugar a la escalera habría mostrados claros signos <strong>de</strong> haber sido forzadas.419. Hacia las 16h00, habría llegado el arrendatario <strong>de</strong>l segundo piso, don<strong>de</strong> se ubica “ElSalmón Cultural”. El Sr. Yuri Neira habría afirmado que el allanamiento en curso sólo podíallevarse a cabo en presencia <strong>de</strong> un funcionario <strong>de</strong> la Defensoría <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo. Esta persona llegaríahacia las 16h30 y diez minutos más tar<strong>de</strong>, se presentaría también un representante <strong>de</strong>l programa<strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong>l Senado <strong>de</strong> la República.420. Hacia las 17h20, se habría personado en el lugar la Fiscal 304 <strong>de</strong>legada ante el DAS, lacual no habría permitido la presencia <strong>de</strong> los abogados <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>fensa durante el proceso <strong>de</strong>allanamiento. Por otra parte, la or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> allanamiento, que carecía <strong>de</strong> autorización por un juez <strong>de</strong>garantías, se basaba en supuestos informes <strong>de</strong> inteligencia <strong>de</strong>l DAS.421. En el marco <strong>de</strong> la inspección, un funcionario <strong>de</strong>l DAS habría tomado varias fotografías<strong>de</strong> las instalaciones así como <strong>de</strong> las personas presentes en el lugar. Hacia las 21h30, los agentes<strong>de</strong>l DAS se habrían retirados, sin haber podido encontrar algún indicio <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>lito.422. A<strong>de</strong>más, el 17 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, hacia las 20h30, dos hombres se habrían presentados enel centro “El Salmón Cultural” preguntando por el Sr. Yuri Neira. Cuando éste habría afirmadoque no se encontraba en el lugar, uno <strong>de</strong> los hombres habría afirmado “éste es, <strong>de</strong>le, <strong>de</strong>le”. Luegouno <strong>de</strong> los hombres habría cogido al Sr. Yuri Neira <strong>de</strong>l brazo mientras el otro le habría repetido“hágale, hágale”. Al llegar varias personas al lugar, se habría conseguido cerrar la puerta, con locual los dos agresores se habrían quedados fuera <strong>de</strong>l local. A los cinco minutos, y tras haberintentado entrar en vano por la fuerza, éstos habrían abandonados el lugar.423. Se expresó temor que el allanamiento <strong>de</strong>l local <strong>de</strong>l centro “El Salmón Cultural” así comola agresión sufrida por el Sr. Yuri Neira podrían estar relacionados con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos. En visto <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumida se expresó preocupación por laintegridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Yuri Neira.Llamamiento urgente424. El 28 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con las amenazas contra Asesoría y ServiciosLegales para Refugiados (ASELER).


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 69425. ASELER es una organización no gubernamental ubicada en Quito, que brinda asesoría yservicios legales a <strong>de</strong>mandantes <strong>de</strong> asilo y a ciudadanos colombianos refugiados en Ecuador.426. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 15 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 20:30,dos personas y sus familias - miembros <strong>de</strong> la Asociación <strong>de</strong> Personas en Condición <strong>de</strong> Refugioen el Ecuador (ASOREC), que proporcionaban alojamiento a un cliente <strong>de</strong> ASELER - habríanhallado una carta <strong>de</strong> amenaza en la entrada <strong>de</strong> su casa, en la que se les habría <strong>de</strong>clarado comoobjetivos militares. Dicha misiva habría sido firmada por el Comando Central <strong>de</strong> las ÁguilasNegras <strong>de</strong> Colombia en Rearme (Águilas Negras), un grupo armados ilegales surgidos <strong>de</strong>lproceso <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>smovilización <strong>de</strong> organizaciones paramilitares.427. El día anterior, el 14 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la ASOREC habría recibido otra carta <strong>de</strong> amenazafirmada por el mismo grupo armado. Esta carta habría expresado la intención <strong>de</strong> acabar con lavida <strong>de</strong> cuatro personas, incluyendo a un cliente <strong>de</strong> ASELER y su familia. Asimismo, habría<strong>de</strong>clarado como objetivos militares a todos los grupos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y organizaciones sociales que puedan dificultar la labor <strong>de</strong> las “FuerzasMilitares.” A<strong>de</strong>más, otras organizaciones que proporcionan apoyo a las cuatro personasmencionadas, también habrían sido enumeradas como objetivos militares.428. ASELER habría presentado una <strong>de</strong>nuncia por intimidación en el Ministerio Público <strong>de</strong>Ecuador por las amenazas que recibió su cliente el día miércoles 14 <strong>de</strong> enero (<strong>de</strong>nuncia 09-01-14129). También se habrían solicitado medidas cautelares a la Comisión Interamericana <strong>de</strong>Derechos Humanos a favor <strong>de</strong> su cliente.429. Luego <strong>de</strong> la segunda amenaza recibida por los dirigentes <strong>de</strong> ASOREC, se habríarealizado una nueva <strong>de</strong>nuncia el martes 20 <strong>de</strong> enero y se habría pedido una ampliación a lasmedidas cautelares presentas ante la Comisión Interamericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos para losdirigentes <strong>de</strong> ASOREC y el personal <strong>de</strong> ASELER.430. El 9 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 12:45 habría sido entregada en las oficinas<strong>de</strong> ASELER una carta que el portero <strong>de</strong>l edificio habría encontrado sobre su escritorio. La carta,que habría sido firmada por el Secretariado <strong>de</strong>l Estado Mayor Central <strong>de</strong> las Fuerzas ArmadasRevolucionarias <strong>de</strong> Colombia, Ejército <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo (FARC-EP) habría contenida una lista <strong>de</strong> 11refugiados colombianos en Ecuador, cinco <strong>de</strong> los cuales habrían sido clientes <strong>de</strong> ASELER,señalándolos como objetivos militares. La carta también habría solicitado la colaboración <strong>de</strong>camaradas con el fin <strong>de</strong> tomar represalias contra varias organizaciones (en total 5organizaciones), todas ellas vinculadas a algunas <strong>de</strong> las personas enumeradas como objetivosmilitares en la misma carta. En rojo, en la parte superior <strong>de</strong> la carta, se habría podido leer“GRUPO DE BUSQUEDA Y LIMPIEZA FARC-EP Guerrilla Urbana” y el fondo <strong>de</strong> la cartahabría consistido en la silueta <strong>de</strong>l mapa <strong>de</strong> Colombia sobre la que se habría encontrado el texto“FARC-EP” sobre la imagen <strong>de</strong> un libro abierto y dos fusiles cruzados.431. El mismo día, ASELER habría presentado una <strong>de</strong>nuncia por intimidación ante elMinisterio Público (trámite número 09-01-09075). También se habrían solicitado medidascautelares a la Comisión Interamericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos a favor <strong>de</strong> las personasenumeradas en la carta como objetivos militares.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 70432. Se expresó temor que las amenazas contra ASELER, así como contra las personas yorganizaciones mencionadas, podrían estar motivadas por su trabajo legítimo <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, específicamente por el apoyo que se da a refugiados en el Ecuador. En vista<strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido, se expresó preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> losmiembros <strong>de</strong> ASELER.Llamamiento urgente433. El 9 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> magistrados yabogados y el Relator Especial sobre las ejecuciones extrajudiciales, sumarias o arbitrarias,enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la informaciónrecibida en relación con las amenazas contra la Sra. Lina Paola Malagón Díaz, abogada <strong>de</strong> laComisión Colombiana <strong>de</strong> Juristas (CCJ) y otro miembro <strong>de</strong> la CCJ. La Sra. Lina Paola MalagónDíaz a<strong>de</strong>lanta activida<strong>de</strong>s sobre la impunidad en casos <strong>de</strong> violaciones cometidas contra las y lossindicalistas en Colombia.434. El trabajo <strong>de</strong> la CCJ está orientado a contribuir al <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho internacional <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho internacional humanitario <strong>de</strong> conformidad con lospropósitos y principios <strong>de</strong> la Carta <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas, y a la plena vigencia <strong>de</strong>l Estadosocial y <strong>de</strong>mocrático <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>recho en Colombia.435. La CCJ ya fue objeto <strong>de</strong> una comunicación <strong>de</strong> la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, quien envió una carta el 3 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2008 referentea la intimidación sufrida por tres <strong>de</strong> sus miembros en el curso <strong>de</strong> su trabajo.436. Según la información recibida, el 2 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, a las 12h21, habría sido recibidoun fax en el que se <strong>de</strong>clara como objetivo militar a la Sra. Lina Paola Malagón Díaz, abogada <strong>de</strong>la Comisión Colombiana <strong>de</strong> Juristas. En el texto <strong>de</strong> la amenaza, también se habría mencionado aotro miembro <strong>de</strong> la CCJ, quien habría <strong>de</strong>bido salir <strong>de</strong>l país a finales <strong>de</strong> 2008, por haber sidovíctima <strong>de</strong> persecución y amenazas por parte <strong>de</strong>l mismo grupo paramilitar, que se auto<strong>de</strong>nomina“Bloque Capital <strong>de</strong> las Águilas Negras AUC”.437. En febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, Sra. Lina Paola Malagón Díaz realizó un informe sobre la impunida<strong>de</strong>xistente en los crímenes que se cometen en Colombia contra las y los sindicalistas por susactivida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos laborales. Este informe habría sido un insumo importantepara la audiencia que se llevó a cabo el 12 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009 en el Congreso estadouni<strong>de</strong>nse,que fue convocada por el representante George Miller, Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> la Comisión <strong>de</strong> Educación yTrabajo <strong>de</strong> la Cámara <strong>de</strong> Representantes <strong>de</strong> Estados Unidos, y cuyo propósito fue examinar lasituación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los trabajadores en Colombia y la violencia antisindical.438. El trabajo realizado por la CCJ para dicha audiencia se habría coordinado con el Director<strong>de</strong> la Escuela Nacional Sindical (ENS) el Sr. José Luciano Sanín Vásquez, quien habríaparticipado en el espacio convocado por el Representante a la Cámara <strong>de</strong> los Estados UnidosGeorge Miller. Esta participación habría generado la reacción <strong>de</strong>l Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> la RepúblicaÁlvaro Uribe Vélez, quien habría señalado a los participantes en la reunión como personas quedistorsionan la verdad, motivadas por “el odio político”.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 71439. Se expresó temor que la amenaza en contra <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Lina Paola Malagón Díaz y la CCJpodría estar relacionada con el trabajo <strong>de</strong> la CCJ <strong>de</strong> proteger los <strong>de</strong>rechos sindicales.Llamamiento urgente440. El 20 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> magistrados yabogados y el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong>expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con los procesos judiciales en contra <strong>de</strong>l sacerdote JavierGiraldo, el abogado Elkin Ramírez Jaramillo, y el Sr. Miguel Ángel Afanador.441. El Padre Javier Giraldo es <strong>de</strong>fensor <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y miembro <strong>de</strong>l el Centro <strong>de</strong>Investigación y Educación Popular (CINEP), el abogado Elkin Ramírez Jaramillo es el director<strong>de</strong> la Corporación Jurídica Libertad y el Sr. Miguel Ángel Afanador, fue Defensor <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo enla región <strong>de</strong> Urabá, Antioquia.442. El CINEP es una organización no gubernamental, creada por la Compañía <strong>de</strong> Jesús en elaño <strong>de</strong> 1962, comprometida con la transformación social, económica y política <strong>de</strong> Colombia<strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> los sectores excluidos, consi<strong>de</strong>rando que los mismos son agentes importantes en laconstrucción <strong>de</strong> una nueva sociedad y que su participación en las <strong>de</strong>cisiones fundamentales queles conciernen se constituye en una garantía para producir un impacto <strong>de</strong> cambio en la sociedadcolombiana.443. Des<strong>de</strong> su fundación en 1993, la Corporación Jurídica Libertad viene <strong>de</strong>sarrollando, entreotras, activida<strong>de</strong>s como representación legal a las víctimas <strong>de</strong> crímenes <strong>de</strong> lesa humanidad enbusca <strong>de</strong> verdad, justicia y reparación; presentación <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>mandas ante los organismosinternacionales <strong>de</strong> protección <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos; <strong>de</strong>fensa penal <strong>de</strong> personas sindicadas <strong>de</strong>pertenecer a grupos insurgentes, así como <strong>de</strong> lí<strong>de</strong>res sociales y comunitarios vinculadosjudicialmente por o con ocasión <strong>de</strong> sus activida<strong>de</strong>s políticas o en razón <strong>de</strong> su opinión, y laelaboración <strong>de</strong> informes e investigaciones para divulgar la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.444. Según la información recibida, el 13 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Fiscalía 216 seccional <strong>de</strong> laciudad <strong>de</strong> Bogotá habría or<strong>de</strong>nado reabrir la investigación y vincular mediante indagatoria alPadre Javier Giraldo y al abogado Elkin Ramírez por los presuntos <strong>de</strong>litos <strong>de</strong> injuria, falsa<strong>de</strong>nuncia y calumnia, en razón <strong>de</strong> varias <strong>de</strong>nuncias instauradas por el Coronel Néstor Iván DuqueLópez, antiguo Comandante <strong>de</strong>l Batallón “Bejarano Muñoz” <strong>de</strong> la Brigada XVII, en la región <strong>de</strong>Urabá.445. Las <strong>de</strong>nuncias <strong>de</strong>l Coronel Duque López se habrían basado en que el 22 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong>2005, un día <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> ocurrida la masacre <strong>de</strong> San José <strong>de</strong> Apartadó, hechos en los que segúnlas alegaciones recibidas, se habría <strong>de</strong>mostrado la participación <strong>de</strong> miembros <strong>de</strong> la Brigada XVII<strong>de</strong>l Ejército Nacional junto con paramilitares, el Padre Javier Giraldo habría <strong>de</strong>nunciado estoshechos y a sus responsables ante los medios <strong>de</strong> comunicación. Posteriormente, el 18 y 25 <strong>de</strong>mayo <strong>de</strong>l mismo año, el Padre Javier Giraldo habría <strong>de</strong>nunciado los mismos hechos ante laComisión Segunda <strong>de</strong> la Cámara <strong>de</strong> Representantes.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 72446. Asimismo, el 12 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2004 el Sacerdote Javier Giraldo, el abogado ElkinRamírez y el Sr. Miguel Ángel Afanador, habrían <strong>de</strong>nunciado ante las autorida<strong>de</strong>s políticas <strong>de</strong>lpaís y ante organismos nacionales e internacionales <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos graves irregularida<strong>de</strong>scometidas por personal perteneciente al Batallón <strong>de</strong> Ingenieros “Carlos Bejarano Muñoz”, <strong>de</strong> laBrigada XVII <strong>de</strong>l Ejército, con se<strong>de</strong> en Carepa, Antioquia, cuyo comandante era el CoronelNéstor Iván Duque López.447. La información relacionada con tales hechos habría sido también presentada ante la CorteInteramericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos (CoIDH), instancia que dispuso medidas especiales <strong>de</strong>protección en favor <strong>de</strong> la Comunidad <strong>de</strong> Paz <strong>de</strong> San José <strong>de</strong> Apartadó, lo que originó que enseptiembre <strong>de</strong> 2005, el Coronel Duque López formulara otra <strong>de</strong>nuncia contra el Padre JavierGiraldo, el abogado Elkin Ramírez Jaramillo y el Sr. Miguel Ángel Afanador por los <strong>de</strong>litos <strong>de</strong>injuria, calumnia y falsa <strong>de</strong>nuncia. Dicha <strong>de</strong>nuncia habría conllevado el inicio <strong>de</strong> unainvestigación preliminar, resuelta en primera instancia con inhibición y archivo <strong>de</strong> las diligencias.448. Dicha <strong>de</strong>cisión inhibitoria habría sido revocada por la segunda instancia (la Fiscalía 216Seccional <strong>de</strong> Bogotá), en virtud <strong>de</strong> un recurso <strong>de</strong> apelación interpuesto por el representante legal<strong>de</strong>l Coronel Duque López. Asimismo habría or<strong>de</strong>nado la reapertura formal <strong>de</strong> la investigación yla vinculación <strong>de</strong>l Padre Javier Giraldo y <strong>de</strong>l abogado Elkin Ramírez Jaramillo medianteindagatoria.449. Según las informaciones recibidas, esta diligencia, que <strong>de</strong>bería comenzar durante el mes<strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, conllevaba el riesgo <strong>de</strong> que el <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad individual <strong>de</strong> losmencionados <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos pueda verse afectado por el hecho <strong>de</strong> haberactuado en el marco <strong>de</strong> su trabajo y por haber presentado una solicitud legítima ante el SistemaInteramericano <strong>de</strong> protección <strong>de</strong> los Derechos Humanos.450. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido, se expresó preocupación por la integridad física ypsicológica <strong>de</strong>l Padre Javier Giraldo, el abogado Elkin Ramírez Jaramillo y el Sr. Miguel ÁngelAfanador. Se expresó temor que el hostigamiento contra dichos <strong>de</strong>fensores, en particular envirtud <strong>de</strong> los procesos judiciales existentes contra ellos, podría estar relacionado con su trabajolegítimo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en Colombia.Llamamiento urgente451. El 24 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con el asesinato <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Álvaro Miguel RiveraLinares Rivera, <strong>de</strong>fensor <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> la población Lesbianas, Gay, Bisexuales y/oTransgeneristas (LGBT) en la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Santiago <strong>de</strong> Cali, Valle <strong>de</strong>l Cuaca, Colombia.452. El Sr. Álvaro Miguel Rivera hizo parte <strong>de</strong> diferentes organizaciones y proyectos quepromueven los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> la población LGBT, como la Red Colombiana <strong>de</strong> Personas Viviendocon VIH 'RECOLVIH', <strong>de</strong> la cual fue uno <strong>de</strong> los gestores, y la cual trabaja en gran medida en<strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> las personas que conviven con el virus <strong>de</strong>l VIH/SIDA. Según lasinformaciones el Sr. Rivera Linares también fue gestor <strong>de</strong>l Colectivo Tinku, apoyó los procesos


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 73<strong>de</strong> formación <strong>de</strong> la Confluencia <strong>de</strong> Organizaciones “Lí<strong>de</strong>res y Lí<strong>de</strong>rezas <strong>de</strong>l Sector LGBT” y fuegestor <strong>de</strong> la Tercera Marcha <strong>de</strong>l Orgullo LGBT en Cali “Katari 2008”.453. Según la información recibida, el 6 <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Álvaro Miguel RiveraLinares, habría sido hallado muerto en su apartamento, maniatado, amordazado y con golpes envarias partes <strong>de</strong>l cuerpo y en la cabeza.454. En razón <strong>de</strong> su trabajo, el Sr. Rivera Linares habría sido amenazado en varias ocasionesanteriores. En el año 2001, el Sr. Rivera Linares habría sido amenazado por su trabajo y sehabría visto obligado a <strong>de</strong>splazarse forzadamente tras haber <strong>de</strong>nunciado la práctica <strong>de</strong> exámenesforzados <strong>de</strong> VIH/SIDA por parte <strong>de</strong> la guerrilla.455. El homicidio <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Álvaro Miguel Rivera, se habría sumada a las cerca <strong>de</strong> 60 muertespor prejuicio contra el género ocurridas entre 2006 y 2007 en Colombia, así como al homicidio<strong>de</strong> otro <strong>de</strong>fensor <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> la población LGBT, el Sr. Fredys Pineda quien habríasido asesinado en Apartadó (Departamento <strong>de</strong> Antioquia) en febrero <strong>de</strong> 2008.456. La muerte <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Álvaro Miguel Rivera habría ocurrido en un momento en el que sehabría <strong>de</strong>nunciado la violencia generalizada contra la población LGBT en Cali, entre la cual sehabría contado abusos por parte <strong>de</strong> la Policía y <strong>de</strong>tenciones arbitrarias, especialmente contra lapoblación travestis en ejercicio <strong>de</strong> la prostitución.457. El 1 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009 habría sido asesinada en su peluquería en Cali la estilistatransgeneristas Sharon Perea, y al día siguiente habría muerta la Sra. Susana (Alejandro GómezFajardo) en el Barrio Granada por un disparo <strong>de</strong> arma <strong>de</strong> fuego. También el 1 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009habría sido asesinada en Pereira, Risaralda, la trabajadora sexual la Sra. Ariadna Paniagua.458. Varias mujeres transgeneristas, en particular trabajadoras sexuales, habrían <strong>de</strong>nunciadouna “campaña” llamada <strong>de</strong> “prevención” por parte <strong>de</strong> algunos policías en Santiago <strong>de</strong> Cali, bajola cual ellos las habría obligados a llenar un formulario con datos personales, fotos y huelladigital. Las que no habrían aceptada esta encuesta habría sido arrestadas y llevadas a unaestación <strong>de</strong> policía y sólo habría sido liberadas al aceptar brindar los datos exigidos.459. A pesar <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>nuncia <strong>de</strong> esta práctica por parte <strong>de</strong> la ONG Santamaría Fundación antelas autorida<strong>de</strong>s competentes (Policía Metropolitana <strong>de</strong> Cali, Defensoría y Personería), variasmujeres transgeneristas habrían seguido siendo hostigadas, arrestadas arbitrariamente, yamenazadas impunemente por los mismos policías al <strong>de</strong>nunciar estos actos. Entre los 30 casosregistrados por Santamaría Fundación, está el <strong>de</strong> Britney Vanessa Cabral, quien habría sidoarrestada hacia las 22h00 <strong>de</strong>l 7 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009 en el Barrio Granada y llevada a la Estación<strong>de</strong> policía La Flora. Esta situación se habría venido <strong>de</strong>nunciando <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> hace algunos años porvarias organizaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> esa comunidad y por activistas como el Sr.Álvaro Miguel Rivera. Según las <strong>de</strong>nuncias, habría persistido la inacción <strong>de</strong> las entida<strong>de</strong>sestatales concernidas frente a esta situación.460. Se agra<strong>de</strong>ció la nueva legislación colombiana que reconoce los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> las unioneshomosexuales. Sin embargo se expresó temor que la muerte <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Álvaro Miguel Rivera podríaestar relacionada con su trabajo legítimo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> la comunidad LGBT. Envisto <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumida se expresó preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica y la


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 74seguridad <strong>de</strong> todas las personas <strong>de</strong> la comunidad LGTB que han sido víctimas <strong>de</strong> atropellos y/uhostigamientos.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno461. En una carta fechada el 19 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Misión Permanente <strong>de</strong> Colombiarespondió al llamamiento con información elaborada por la Dirección <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong>lMinisterio <strong>de</strong> Relaciones Exteriores <strong>de</strong> Colombia. Dicha carta confirmó las alegacionespresentadas en el llamamiento urgente. Según la carta, se inició una investigación y el 18 <strong>de</strong>marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, en asocio con el investigador judicial asignado, se elaboró el programametodológico en el que se or<strong>de</strong>naron algunas pruebas tales como entrevistas en el vecindario,actividad laboral <strong>de</strong>l occiso y otras con el fin <strong>de</strong> facilitar el esclarecimiento <strong>de</strong> los hechos.462. Según la carta, una vez asumida la investigación, se a<strong>de</strong>lantaron las siguientes diligencias:Entrevista recibida por investigador <strong>de</strong> campo, informe <strong>de</strong>l investigador <strong>de</strong> laboratorio con lafijación polimétrica <strong>de</strong>l lugar <strong>de</strong> los hechos y los planos topográficos respectivos, informe condocumentación fotográfica.463. Se ha cumplido la recepción <strong>de</strong> entrevistas, se allegó el protocolo <strong>de</strong> la necropsia número20090101760011000558 suscrito por el médico forense el 7 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, e igualmente serecibió el informe <strong>de</strong>l investigador <strong>de</strong> campo adscrito al CTI, en el que se adjuntó ladocumentación fotográfica sobre la escena <strong>de</strong> los hechos.464. Se informó que al momento <strong>de</strong> rendir el informe, no se habrían tomado <strong>de</strong>cisiones <strong>de</strong>fondo y en el transcurso <strong>de</strong> la etapa investigativa no se ha contado con agencia especial <strong>de</strong>lMinisterio Público.465. Asimismo, se informó que los hechos presentados en la comunicación y las presuntasviolaciones contra los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> las personas transexuales en Cali han sido tratados conespecial atención, con el fin <strong>de</strong> propiciar un escenario <strong>de</strong> respuesta interinstitucional.466. Según la carta, en enero <strong>de</strong> 2009 se convocó una reunión en la que participaronrepresentantes <strong>de</strong> la Alcaldía <strong>de</strong> Cali y dos organizaciones LGBT.467. Se informó que, entre otras <strong>de</strong>cisiones tomadas, la policía metropolitana nombró unoficial <strong>de</strong> enlace para aten<strong>de</strong>r las peticiones <strong>de</strong> la población LGBT.468. En relación con el tema <strong>de</strong> orientación sexual y <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en general, cabeseñalar que, <strong>de</strong> conformidad con lo previsto en el artículo 13, <strong>de</strong>l Decreto 4530 <strong>de</strong> 2008, por elcual se modificó la estructura <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong> interior y <strong>de</strong> justicia, son funciones <strong>de</strong> laDirección <strong>de</strong> Asuntos Indígenas, Minorías y Rom, entre otras las siguientes:469. “3. Diseñar programas <strong>de</strong> asistencia técnica. Social y <strong>de</strong> apoya a la política paracomunida<strong>de</strong>s indígenas. Rom y poblaciones LGTB Lesbianas, gays, transexuales y bisexuales”.470. “9. Prestar asesoría a las gobernaciones y alcaldías municipales parea la <strong>de</strong>bida atencióna las comunida<strong>de</strong>s indígenas, al pueblo Rom y a la población LGTB”.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 75471. Se informó que, en atención a lo anterior, el Gobierno está concertando una cita con elDirector <strong>de</strong> Asuntos indígenas, Minorías y Rom <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong>l Interior y <strong>de</strong> Justicia, con elfin <strong>de</strong> generar una dinámica <strong>de</strong> concertación para impulsar políticas públicas sobre la materia,que propicien transformaciones tendientes a superar la violencia ejercida contra esa población.Llamamiento urgente472. El 9 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> magistrados yabogados, el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong>expresión y la Relatora Especial sobre una vivienda a<strong>de</strong>cuada como elemento integrante <strong>de</strong>l<strong>de</strong>recho a un nivel <strong>de</strong> vida a<strong>de</strong>cuado y sobre el <strong>de</strong>recho <strong>de</strong> no discriminación a este respectoenviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la informaciónrecibida en relación con las amenazas contra las señoras Blanca Irene López y Claudia Erazo yel Sr. Rigoberto Jiménez.473. Blanca Irene López y Claudia Erazo son abogadas <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos que trabajanpara la Corporación Jurídica Yira Castro (CJYC), una organización que <strong>de</strong>fien<strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong>comunida<strong>de</strong>s campesinas y <strong>de</strong> las víctimas <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>splazamiento forzado. Rigoberto Jiménez es ellí<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong> la Coordinación Nacional <strong>de</strong> Desplazados.474. Blanca Irene López y la CJYC ya fueron objeto <strong>de</strong> una comunicación <strong>de</strong> la entoncesRepresentante Especial <strong>de</strong>l Secretario <strong>General</strong> sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos enviada el 4 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2007.475. Según la información recibida, el 26 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la CJYC habría recibido unaamenaza <strong>de</strong> muerte por correo electrónico enviada a Blanca Irene López y Claudia Erazo por elAUC Bloque Capital <strong>de</strong> las Águilas Negras, una rama <strong>de</strong>l grupo paramilitar auto<strong>de</strong>nominado lasÁguilas Negras. Este correo electrónico habría sido el octavo <strong>de</strong> una serie <strong>de</strong> amenazas idénticasenviadas a la CJYC <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> 2007.476. Asimismo, el 4 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, habría llegado al correo electrónico <strong>de</strong> la CJYC y al<strong>de</strong> la Coordinación Nacional <strong>de</strong> Desplazados otro mensaje <strong>de</strong> amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte <strong>de</strong>l mismogrupo (Águilas Negras AUC Bloque Capital), dirigido esta vez no sólo contra Blanca IreneLópez y Claudia Erazo, sino también contra Rigoberto Jiménez.477. La CJYC habría <strong>de</strong>nunciado estas amenazas y otros inci<strong>de</strong>ntes tales como el sabotaje <strong>de</strong>su página Web y un allanamiento <strong>de</strong> su se<strong>de</strong>, en el que se habría sustraído informaciónrelacionada con violaciones <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en Colombia. El 6 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, laCJYC habría enviado una petición pública a la Fiscalía <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Nación, solicitandoinformación sobre las medidas tomadas en relación con estas amenazas y ataques. Sin embargo,hasta la fecha no se habría recibido ninguna respuesta.478. Se expresó temor que las amenazas en contra <strong>de</strong> las abogadas Blanca Irene López yClaudia Erazo, y el Sr. Rigoberto Jiménez podrían estar relacionadas con su trabajo en <strong>de</strong>fensa<strong>de</strong> las poblaciones <strong>de</strong>splazadas. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido, se expresó preocupación por suintegridad física y psicológica.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 76Llamamiento urgente479. El 28 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos junto con el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>l Grupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre las <strong>de</strong>saparicionesforzadas o involuntarias enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con la intimidación sufrida por la Asociación <strong>de</strong>Familiares <strong>de</strong> Detenidos Desaparecidos en Colombia (ASFADDES) <strong>de</strong>bido a su implicaciónen la <strong>de</strong>nuncia <strong>de</strong> violaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, en particular, sobre las <strong>de</strong>saparicionesforzadas o involuntarias.480. Acor<strong>de</strong> a la información recibida, el 5 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, ASFADDES realizaba unaactividad <strong>de</strong> formación y fortalecimiento en el conocimiento <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>lito <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>saparición forzadaen Colombia, dirigido a los familiares asociados en el centro recreacional Tranquilandia, ubicadoen el kilómetro 68 <strong>de</strong> la vía Bogotá – Melgar, en la vereda Chinauta <strong>de</strong>l Municipio <strong>de</strong>Fusagasuga.481. Según la información proporcionada, en la madrugada <strong>de</strong>l domingo 5 <strong>de</strong> abril, hombresvestidos <strong>de</strong> negro entraron a tres <strong>de</strong> las cabañas don<strong>de</strong> se encontraban hospedados familiares <strong>de</strong>las diferentes seccionales, llevándose los papeles, prendas <strong>de</strong> vestir, celulares y bolsos <strong>de</strong>algunos asociados.482. Acor<strong>de</strong> a la información recibida, la patrulla <strong>de</strong> la Policía Nacional que acudió al lugar <strong>de</strong>los hechos puso en duda lo sucedido y señaló que nunca en la zona se había presentado unasituación similar ya que ocurrió cerca <strong>de</strong> un centro recreativo <strong>de</strong> la Policía Nacional.Carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones483. El 15 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió una carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobiernola información recibida en relación con el asesinato <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Ana Isabel Gómez Pérez lí<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>un movimiento <strong>de</strong> víctimas que busca la recuperación <strong>de</strong> tierras usurpadas por paramilitares.484. A<strong>de</strong>más <strong>de</strong> presidir la junta <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>splazados, la Sra. Gómez Pérez pertenecía a la juntadirectiva <strong>de</strong>l Comité <strong>de</strong> Familiares Víctimas <strong>de</strong> la Violencia en Córdoba (COMFAVIC), queagrupa a más <strong>de</strong> 4.000 personas que reclaman reparación en el marco <strong>de</strong> la Ley <strong>de</strong> Justicia y Paz.485. Cabe recordar que la muerte <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Ana Isabel Pérez es similar al asesinato <strong>de</strong> la Sra.Yolanda Izquierdo, otra lí<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>splazados que reclamaban la <strong>de</strong>volución <strong>de</strong> sus tierras enValencia, en el sur <strong>de</strong> Córdoba. La Sra. Izquierdo fue asesinada a tiros por varios sicarios en lapuerta <strong>de</strong> su casa el 31 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2007. El 16 <strong>de</strong> febrero 2002, la Representante Especial sobrela situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió una carta sobre su asesinato y <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong>entonces no se conoce quiénes fueron los autores <strong>de</strong>l crimen.486. Según la información recibida, el 14 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Gómez Pérez habría sidoatacada en una zona rural <strong>de</strong> Córdoba cuando viajaba en una motocicleta con su hija, <strong>de</strong> 16 años,quien habría salido ilesa <strong>de</strong>l ataque.487. El 1 <strong>de</strong> abril, durante una reunión <strong>de</strong> víctimas <strong>de</strong> los paramilitares y ante <strong>de</strong>legados <strong>de</strong> laComisión Nacional <strong>de</strong> Reparación y Reconciliación, la Sra. Gómez Pérez habría <strong>de</strong>nunciado que


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 77ha sido objeto <strong>de</strong> amenazas por parte <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sconocidos que la intimidaban para que <strong>de</strong>sistiera <strong>de</strong>seguir apoyando a los <strong>de</strong>splazados que preten<strong>de</strong>n acce<strong>de</strong>r a la reparación que ofreció el Gobiernoa través <strong>de</strong> la Ley 975. Ese día también habría <strong>de</strong>nunciado la "<strong>de</strong>sidia" <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno para reparara quienes han tenido que convivir con la pobreza por culpa <strong>de</strong> la violencia <strong>de</strong>satada porparamilitares.488. Hace seis años la Sra. Gómez Pérez habría huido <strong>de</strong> su parcela en Unguía, <strong>de</strong>partamento<strong>de</strong> Chocó, a causa <strong>de</strong> las amenazas <strong>de</strong>l bloque paramilitar 'Élmer Cár<strong>de</strong>nas'. Des<strong>de</strong> entonces, sehabía refugiado en la vereda El Minuto <strong>de</strong> Dios <strong>de</strong>l municipio <strong>de</strong> Los Córdobas, don<strong>de</strong> habríasido asesinada.489. En visto <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido se expresó temor que la muerte <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Ana Isabel GómezPérez podría estar relacionada con su trabajo legítimo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> loscampesinos <strong>de</strong>splazados en Colombia.Carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones490. El 15 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron una carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con el asesinato <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Edgar Martínez, miembro<strong>de</strong> la Fe<strong>de</strong>ración Agrominera <strong>de</strong>l Sur <strong>de</strong> Bolívar (FEDEAGROMISBOL). El Sr. Martíneztambién era Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> la Asociación <strong>de</strong> Integración <strong>de</strong> Comunida<strong>de</strong>s Agrominera Sur – Sur,ASICASS, <strong>de</strong>legado <strong>de</strong> la Junta <strong>de</strong> Acción comunal <strong>de</strong> la vereda el Retorno <strong>de</strong>l Municipio <strong>de</strong>San Pablo; vocero <strong>de</strong> la Mesa <strong>de</strong> Integración Social por la transformación social <strong>de</strong> San Pablo;miembro <strong>de</strong>l equipo coordinador <strong>de</strong> los proyectos productivos <strong>de</strong> la Zona Edgar Quiroga <strong>de</strong> laFe<strong>de</strong>ración Agrominera <strong>de</strong>l Sur <strong>de</strong> Bolívar y vocero <strong>de</strong> la Comisión <strong>de</strong> Interlocución <strong>de</strong>l Sur <strong>de</strong>Bolívar por parte <strong>de</strong> las comunida<strong>de</strong>s.491. La FEDEDEAGROMISBOL ya fue objeto <strong>de</strong> una comunicación <strong>de</strong> la RepresentativaEspecial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos que envió una carta el 24 <strong>de</strong>noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2006 sobre el asesinato <strong>de</strong>l lí<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong> la organización, el Sr. Alejandra Uribe Chaconpor presuntos miembros <strong>de</strong>l Ejército Nacional en el sur <strong>de</strong> Bolívar.492. Según la información recibida, el 22 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, entre las 09h00 y las 10h00 el Sr.Martínez habría sido asesinado en el municipio <strong>de</strong> San Pablo, en el sur <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>partamento <strong>de</strong>Bolívar, cuando se habría dirigida en su motocicleta a su vivienda ubicada en la vereda el retorno<strong>de</strong>l mismo municipio. El asesinato se habría producido en un lugar conocido como “El Cuatro”,cercano a un retén <strong>de</strong> la policía nacional, ubicado en la salida <strong>de</strong>l casco urbano <strong>de</strong> San Pablo,cuando sicarios que le habrían propinados cinco disparos en la cabeza que le habría causado lamuerte <strong>de</strong> forma instantánea.493. El Sr. Martínez se encontraba <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el 21 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009 en el municipio <strong>de</strong> San Pablo,al no haber podido salir <strong>de</strong>l mismo <strong>de</strong>bido a que la policía nacional se lo habría impedido. Élhabría pretendido llegar al corregimiento <strong>de</strong> Monterrey ante lo cual la policía habría manifestadoque le estaba prohibido dirigirse hacia allí porque habrían asesinado a unos policías. Al poco rato,el Sr. Martínez habría intentado salir nuevamente <strong>de</strong>l casco urbano <strong>de</strong> San Pablo hacia su


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 78vivienda pero en el mismo retén <strong>de</strong> la policía, se le habría informado que no podía hacerloporque era muy tar<strong>de</strong>.494. Según se informó, la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> las comunida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>l sur <strong>de</strong>Bolívar habría sido <strong>de</strong>nunciada permanentemente. El 18 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, los gruposparamilitares que operan en el Sur <strong>de</strong> Bolívar, manifestaron públicamente su presencia armada yaccionar en la región <strong>de</strong>l Sur <strong>de</strong> Bolívar, auto<strong>de</strong>nominándose “Auto<strong>de</strong>fensas Gaitanistas <strong>de</strong>Colombia”.495. El 30 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, en el marco <strong>de</strong> la Mesa <strong>de</strong> Interlocución <strong>de</strong>l Sur <strong>de</strong> Bolívar, en lacual se habrían reunidos más <strong>de</strong> 100 lí<strong>de</strong>res <strong>de</strong>l sur <strong>de</strong> Bolívar para discutir con <strong>de</strong>legados <strong>de</strong>lgobierno nacional sobre la problemática <strong>de</strong>l Territorio, y en don<strong>de</strong> se habrían <strong>de</strong>nunciado elpeligro que existía sobre el municipio, al querer implementar una planta <strong>de</strong> procesamiento <strong>de</strong>palma aceitera para la producción <strong>de</strong> Biodiesel, así como la proliferación <strong>de</strong> este monocultivo yla <strong>de</strong>dicación <strong>de</strong> cada vez más área municipal a este cultivo, poniendo en riego la diversidadbiológica, los recursos hídricos, y la soberanía y seguridad alimentaria <strong>de</strong> los pobladores <strong>de</strong>lmunicipio.496. En visto <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumida se expresó temor que el asesinato <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Edgar Martínezpodría estar relacionado con su trabajo para los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los campesinos en Colombia. Seexpresó temor por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> los otros dirigentes <strong>de</strong>lFEDEAGROMISBOL que según la información recibida corren peligro.Llamamiento urgente497. El 29 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente, señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobiernola información recibida en relación con el acto <strong>de</strong> intimidación en contra <strong>de</strong> la hija <strong>de</strong> 12 años <strong>de</strong>la Sra. Aída Quilcué Vivas, Consejera Mayor <strong>de</strong>l Consejo Regional Indígena <strong>de</strong>l Cauca (CRIC).498. La Sra. Quilcué ha tenido un papel importante en la Minga Nacional <strong>de</strong> ResistenciaIndígena y Popular, la cual constituyó una jornada <strong>de</strong> unidad comunitaria, social y popularconvocada por la Organización Nacional Indígena <strong>de</strong> Colombia (ONIC) para <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r la vida ylos <strong>de</strong>rechos territoriales, políticos, ambientales y alimentarios <strong>de</strong> las poblaciones indígenas.499. La Sra. Aída Quilcué ya había sido objeto <strong>de</strong> una comunicación <strong>de</strong> la Relatora Especialsobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, quién el 29 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008envío una carta sobre el asesinato <strong>de</strong> su esposo, el Sr. Edwin Legarda.500. El Sr. Legarda fue asesinado mientras se dirigía a recoger a la Sra. Quilcué quienregresaba <strong>de</strong> Ginebra, Suiza, don<strong>de</strong> había asistido como representante <strong>de</strong>l CRIC y <strong>de</strong>legada <strong>de</strong> laOrganización Indígena <strong>de</strong> Colombia (ONIC) al Examen Periódico Universal (EPU) <strong>de</strong> Colombiaen las Naciones Unidas. Ante el EPU la Sra. Aida Quilcué Vivas habría <strong>de</strong>nunciado lasviolaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> las cuales los pueblos indígenas son víctimas, incluyendosupuestas ejecuciones extrajudiciales por parte <strong>de</strong> las fuerzas <strong>de</strong> seguridad. En abril <strong>de</strong> 2009,siete miembros <strong>de</strong> las fuerzas armadas fueron <strong>de</strong>tenidos en relación con el asesinato <strong>de</strong>l Sr.Legarda.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 79501. La Relatora Especial agra<strong>de</strong>ce las respuestas recibidas <strong>de</strong> parte <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno <strong>de</strong> suExcelencia el 16 y el 23 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009. La Relatora Especial también expresa su apreciación<strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>claración <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno Colombiano durante la décima sesión <strong>de</strong>l Consejo <strong>de</strong> DerechosHumanos en que el Gobierno con<strong>de</strong>nó el asesinato <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Legarda y garantizó que unainvestigación sería llevada a cabo por parte <strong>de</strong> la Fiscalía <strong>General</strong> y con todo el apoyo <strong>de</strong>lGobierno. En este contexto la Relatora Especial nota que en abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, siete miembros <strong>de</strong> lasfuerzas armadas fueron <strong>de</strong>tenidos en relación con el asesinato <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Legarda.502. Como consecuencia <strong>de</strong>l asesinato <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Legarda, el 14 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009 la CorteInteramericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos or<strong>de</strong>nó a las autorida<strong>de</strong>s colombianas la protección <strong>de</strong> laSra. Quilcué y <strong>de</strong> otros 32 miembros <strong>de</strong>l CRIC. Des<strong>de</strong> entonces, las autorida<strong>de</strong>s colombianas hanprovisto seguridad a la Sra. Quilcué, sin embargo se han visto hombres vigilándoles ysiguiéndoles y se teme que ella y los otros miembros <strong>de</strong>l CRIC aún corran peligro.503. Según la información recibida, el 14 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong>l 2009, la hija <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Quilcué seencontraba frente a su hogar en Clarete, Popayán, en el <strong>de</strong>partamento <strong>de</strong>l Cauca cuando vio unvehículo acercándosele. El coche se aparcó frente a ella y uno <strong>de</strong> los cuatro hombres, convestimenta civil, le apuntó con una pistola. El conductor <strong>de</strong>l vehiculo le dijo al que se encontrabaapuntándole, que escondiera la pistola porque la gente les miraba. Entonces la hija <strong>de</strong> la Sra.Quilcué corrió hacia su casa para contarle la situación a los miembros <strong>de</strong> la Guarda Indígena, unaorganización <strong>de</strong> voluntarios que ofrece protección a las comunida<strong>de</strong>s indígenas frente a losactores armados. El vehículo se marchó enseguida.504. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido se expresó temor por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> laSra. Quilcué y su familia, así como también la <strong>de</strong> los miembros <strong>de</strong> la CRIC. Se expresópreocupación respecto a que el acto <strong>de</strong> intimidación en contra <strong>de</strong> la hija menor <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Quilcuépodría estar relacionado con el trabajo <strong>de</strong> ésta en la protección <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los indígenasasí como la investigación <strong>de</strong>l asesinato <strong>de</strong> su marido, el Sr. Legarda.Llamamiento urgente505. El 23 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con las amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte en contra el Sr. Fe<strong>de</strong>rico SajoneroAguilar y otros miembros <strong>de</strong> la Corporación Regional para la Defensa <strong>de</strong> los DerechosHumanos (CREDHOS).506. El Sr. Fe<strong>de</strong>rico Sajonero Aguilar es el fiscal <strong>de</strong> la Junta Directiva <strong>de</strong> CREDHOS y elpresi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>l Sindicato Nacional <strong>de</strong> la Salud y la Seguridad Social (SINDESS).507. CREDHOS fue sujeto <strong>de</strong> tres comunicaciones <strong>de</strong> la anterior Representante Especial <strong>de</strong>lSecretario <strong>General</strong> sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos. También fuesujeto <strong>de</strong> dos comunicaciones enviadas el 27 y el 3 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2008 por la Relatora Especialsobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y el Relator Especial sobre lapromoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, en relación con un anuncioamenazante supuestamente enviado por las Águilas Negras. Hasta la fecha no se ha recibidoninguna respuesta a estas últimas dos comunicaciones.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 80508. Según la información recibida, el 26 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, un individuo <strong>de</strong>sconocido habríavenido a la puerta <strong>de</strong> la casa <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Fe<strong>de</strong>rico Sajonero y habría dicho a las personas presentes:“que ya estaba or<strong>de</strong>nada la muerte <strong>de</strong> ese [sic.] y <strong>de</strong> todos esos[sic.] <strong>de</strong> Credhos, que ya teníanubicados los sitios <strong>de</strong> trabajo y direcciones <strong>de</strong> resi<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> cada uno <strong>de</strong> ellos, y que sólo estabanesperando el momento oportuno para darles plomo a uno por uno.”509. Según se informó, varios miembros <strong>de</strong> Credhos habrían recibido más <strong>de</strong> nueve amenazasfirmadas por grupos armados <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el mes <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2008. Estas amenazas habrían sidotransmitidas en forma <strong>de</strong> comunicados y panfletos proce<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong> las Auto<strong>de</strong>fensas Unidas <strong>de</strong>Colombia, Águilas Negras, Héroes <strong>de</strong> Castaño, así como <strong>de</strong> un grupo paramilitar comandado poralias “Don Mario” y <strong>de</strong> las auto<strong>de</strong>fensas gaitanistas. Dichos grupos habrían hecho amenazas <strong>de</strong>muerte directas a todos los dirigentes <strong>de</strong> Credhos y <strong>de</strong> otras organizaciones sociales <strong>de</strong>fensoras<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en las regiones <strong>de</strong> Barrancabermeja y <strong>de</strong>l Magdalena Medio.510. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido se expresó temor por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong>l Sr.Fe<strong>de</strong>rico Sajonero, así como también la <strong>de</strong> todos los miembros <strong>de</strong> Credhos. Se expresópreocupación respecto a que esta última amenaza podría estar relacionada con el trabajo <strong>de</strong>Credhos en la protección <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en las regiones <strong>de</strong> Barrancabermeja yMagdalena Medio.Llamamiento urgente511. El 13 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con los actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación contra la Sra. Claudia JulietaDuque.512. La Sra. Duque es una periodista autónoma y colaboradora <strong>de</strong> la organización <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos Equipo Nizkor, una organización que trabaja en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y encontra <strong>de</strong> la impunidad en América Latina y el mundo.513. La Sra. Duque ya ha sido objeto <strong>de</strong> dos comunicaciones <strong>de</strong>l Relator Especial sobre lapromoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, <strong>de</strong>l Relator Especial sobre lasejecuciones extrajudiciales, sumarias o arbitrarias y <strong>de</strong> la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, quienes enviaron una comunicación al Gobierno <strong>de</strong> suExcelencia el 23 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2008 y otra el 23 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2004.514. De acuerdo con las informaciones recibidas, aproximadamente el 6 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, laSra. Duque se habría percatado que un vehículo le seguía cuando conducía con su hija <strong>de</strong> 15años tanto a la ida como a la vuelta <strong>de</strong> Unicentro. Cuando su hija bajó <strong>de</strong>l vehículo llegando aUnicentro, el vehículo sospechoso habría perseguido a la menor antes <strong>de</strong> volver a seguir a la Sra.Duque.515. El 30 <strong>de</strong> junio, un hombre no i<strong>de</strong>ntificado habría llamado a la casa <strong>de</strong> los padres <strong>de</strong> la Sra.Duque en Pereira, preguntando por la hija <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Duque. El hombre habría dicho que era unamigo <strong>de</strong> la hija y que ella le había proporcionado el número <strong>de</strong> teléfono. Sin embargo, la hija <strong>de</strong>la Sra. Duque vive con ella en Bogotá y la menor no tiene el número <strong>de</strong> teléfono <strong>de</strong> sus abuelos.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 81516. Cabe mencionar que la semana anterior la Fiscalía <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Nación habría empezadoa interrogar a oficiales <strong>de</strong>l Departamento Administrativo <strong>de</strong> Seguridad (DAS) quienesposiblemente habrían estado involucrados en actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación y amenazas contra la Sra.Duque <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el año 2001.517. Asimismo, en febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Duque habría presentado un inci<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sacatocontra el DAS por no cumplir con una or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> la Corte Constitucional <strong>de</strong>l 23 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong>2008. Según dicha or<strong>de</strong>n, el DAS <strong>de</strong>bería haber entregado a la Sra. Duque todos los informes <strong>de</strong>inteligencia relativos a la misma, obtenidos <strong>de</strong> manera ilegal <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> 2001.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno518. En una carta fechada el 4 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Misión Permanente <strong>de</strong> Colombia informóque habrían remitido al Vicepresi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> la República y al Ministro <strong>de</strong> Relaciones Exteriores elllamamiento urgente <strong>de</strong> la Relatora Especial.Carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones519. El 30 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> magistrados yabogados y el Relator Especial sobre la promoción y protección <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron una carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con los actos ilegales <strong>de</strong> vigilancia, incluidasinterceptaciones telefónicas, <strong>de</strong> correos electrónicos y seguimientos sin or<strong>de</strong>n judicial, en contra<strong>de</strong> varias organizaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y sus dirigentes, incluso los presi<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong> laCorporación Colectivo <strong>de</strong> Abogados José Alvear Restrepo (CCAJAR) y <strong>de</strong> la ComisiónColombiana <strong>de</strong> Juristas (CCJ), el Sr. Alirio Uribe Muñoz y Gustavo Gallón, respectivamente;así como otras ONGs, entre ellas, CODHES, Re<strong>de</strong>paz, Cáritas Diocesanas, Colectivo <strong>de</strong>Abogados Luis Carlos Pérez, Corporación Siempreviva, Diakonia Colombia, ILSA,MINGA y el Movimiento Cimarrón. Asimismo, quisiéramos referirnos a los actos ilegales <strong>de</strong>vigilancia llevados a cabo respecto <strong>de</strong> varios jueces, incluyendo magistrados <strong>de</strong> las Altas Cortes,entre ellos, Jaime Araujo Rentería, Magistrado <strong>de</strong>l Consejo Nacional Electoral y ex Magistrado<strong>de</strong> la Corte Constitucional, Julio Arturo Beltrán Sierra, ex magistrado auxiliar <strong>de</strong> la CorteSuprema <strong>de</strong> Justicia, Rodrigo Escobar Gil, magistrado <strong>de</strong> la Corte Suprema <strong>de</strong> Justicia, ClaraInés Vargas, ex magistrada <strong>de</strong> la Corte Constitucional y Carlos Vicente <strong>de</strong> Roux Rengifo, ex juez<strong>de</strong> la Corte Interamericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos; así como periodistas, entre ellos, HolmanMorris y Daniel Coronell.520. Según la información recibida, en un artículo publicado el 25 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la revistaSemana informó que <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con la investigación preliminar por parte <strong>de</strong> la Fiscalía, elDepartamento Administrativo <strong>de</strong> Seguridad (DAS) habría realizado <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> 2004 una operaciónespecífica en contra las organizaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos llamada “Transmilenio.” En estaoperación el DAS habría monitorizado las finanzas, movimientos, ubicación, composición <strong>de</strong>lnúcleo familiar y medios <strong>de</strong> transporte <strong>de</strong> los miembros <strong>de</strong>l Colectivo <strong>de</strong> Abogados José AlvearRestrepo, en particular el presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> dicha organización, el Sr. Alirio Uribe Muñoz, así como<strong>de</strong> otras organizaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos colombianas, entre ellas, CODHES, Re<strong>de</strong>paz,Cáritas Diocesanas, Comisión Colombiana <strong>de</strong> Juristas, en particular su presi<strong>de</strong>nte, Sr. Gustavo


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 82Gallón, Colectivo <strong>de</strong> Abogados Luis Carlos Pérez, Corporación Siempreviva, DiakoniaColombia, ILSA, MINGA y Movimiento Cimarrón.521. Asimismo, se informó que se habrían realizado acciones similares <strong>de</strong> inteligenciarespecto <strong>de</strong> varios jueces, incluyendo algunos magistrados y ex magistrados <strong>de</strong> la Corte Suprema<strong>de</strong> Justicia y <strong>de</strong> la Corte Constitucional, entre ellas, interceptaciones telefónicas e investigaciones<strong>de</strong> sus movimientos bancarios sin or<strong>de</strong>n judicial. Según las alegaciones recibidas, la Fiscalíahabría encontrado investigaciones <strong>de</strong> inteligencia respecto <strong>de</strong> varios jueces, entre ellos, JaimeAraujo Rentería, Magistrado <strong>de</strong>l Consejo Nacional Electoral y ex Magistrado <strong>de</strong> la CorteConstitucional, Julio Arturo Beltrán Sierra, ex magistrado auxiliar <strong>de</strong> la Corte Suprema <strong>de</strong>Justicia, Rodrigo Escobar Gil, magistrado <strong>de</strong> la Corte Suprema <strong>de</strong> Justicia, Clara Inés Vargas, exmagistrada <strong>de</strong> la Corte Constitucional y Carlos Vicente <strong>de</strong> Roux Rengifo, ex juez <strong>de</strong> la CorteInteramericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos.522. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 28 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Fiscal <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Naciónllamó a indagatoria a cuatro lí<strong>de</strong>res <strong>de</strong>l DAS por su presunta responsabilidad en actos ilegales <strong>de</strong>vigilancia, incluidos “los <strong>de</strong>litos <strong>de</strong> concierto para <strong>de</strong>linquir, violación ilícita <strong>de</strong> comunicaciones,utilización ilícita <strong>de</strong> equipos transmisores o receptores; abuso <strong>de</strong> autoridad, falsedad i<strong>de</strong>ológicaen documento público, <strong>de</strong>strucción, supresión u ocultamiento <strong>de</strong> documento público; y frau<strong>de</strong>procesal en sus actos <strong>de</strong> vigilancia” en contra <strong>de</strong>, entre otros, magistrados <strong>de</strong> las Altas Cortes,periodistas y organizaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos. Asimismo, recientemente se habría llamado arendir indagatoria a la ex directora <strong>de</strong>l DAS, María <strong>de</strong>l Pilar Hurtado por los <strong>de</strong>litos <strong>de</strong> conciertopara <strong>de</strong>linquir, abuso <strong>de</strong> autoridad y falsedad en documento.523. Según se informó, en 2004 el DAS habría creado el primer Grupo Especial <strong>de</strong>Inteligencia llamado G-3 para realizar “seguimientos a organizaciones o personas <strong>de</strong> ten<strong>de</strong>nciaopositora frente a las políticas gubernamentales, con el fin <strong>de</strong> restringir o neutralizar susacciones.” Este grupo habría actuado durante 2004 y 2005. Según el Fiscal <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Nación,Mario Iguarán Arana, “se encontró que varias personas acordaron y ejecutaron interceptacionestelefónicas, <strong>de</strong> correos electrónicos y seguimientos sin or<strong>de</strong>n judicial, o utilizándola <strong>de</strong> maneraarbitraria.”524. Se alegó que durante la semana <strong>de</strong>l 19 al 23 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, gran parte <strong>de</strong> losdocumentos públicos <strong>de</strong>l DAS habrían sido <strong>de</strong>struidos o ocultados por funcionarios <strong>de</strong>l DAS.525. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido se expresó temor que los actos ilegales <strong>de</strong> vigilancia encontra <strong>de</strong> varias organizaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y sus dirigentes, incluido el Colectivo <strong>de</strong>Abogados José Alvear Restrepo, y en particular el presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> dicha organización, el Sr. AlirioUribe Muñoz, así como la Comisión Colombiana <strong>de</strong> Juristas, y en particular su presi<strong>de</strong>nte, Sr.Gustavo Gallón, al igual que las organizaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos arriba mencionadas;podrían estar relacionados con su trabajo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en Colombia. Seexpresó temor por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> los Sres. Alirio Uribe Muñoz y GustavoGallón, así como <strong>de</strong> los miembros <strong>de</strong> las organizaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanosmencionadas y <strong>de</strong>más personas que estuvieron bajo vigilancia <strong>de</strong>l DAS. Asimismo, se expresóuna profunda preocupación por las graves consecuencias que podrían tener estos actos ilegales<strong>de</strong> vigilancia sobre <strong>de</strong> la in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong>l po<strong>de</strong>r judicial.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 83Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno526. En tres cartas fechadas 4 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, 2 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009 y 26 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong>2009, el Gobierno respondió a la carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones. En la primera carta se informó que laexactitud <strong>de</strong> los hechos será <strong>de</strong>terminado por los resultados <strong>de</strong> las investigaciones penales ydisciplinarias que ya fueron iniciadas por las autorida<strong>de</strong>s competentes con fundamento en la<strong>de</strong>nuncia penal presentada por el Dr. Felipe Muñoz, director <strong>de</strong>l Departamento Administrativo<strong>de</strong> Seguridad (DAS), luego <strong>de</strong> que informaciones <strong>de</strong> prensa dieran a conocer a la opinión públicasobre estas actuaciones.527. La carta subrayó el hecho <strong>de</strong> que las presuntas activida<strong>de</strong>s ilegales <strong>de</strong> inteligenciasa<strong>de</strong>lantadas por algunas personas vinculadas al DAS <strong>de</strong> las que presuntamente fueron víctimasopositores, organizaciones sociales, magistrados, miembros <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno Nacional - entre otros -no hacen parte <strong>de</strong> una política <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno.528. Asimismo, se informó que ya existe una investigación penal en curso con el propósito <strong>de</strong>esclarecer los hechos <strong>de</strong>nunciados, así como para i<strong>de</strong>ntificar e individualizar a los responsables.529. Según la carta, en reiteradas oportunida<strong>de</strong>s, las más altas autorida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>l GobiernoNacional han con<strong>de</strong>nado públicamente <strong>de</strong> la manera más enérgica este tipo <strong>de</strong> prácticas,manifestando así mismo su mayor interés en el esclarecimiento <strong>de</strong> los presuntos hecho ilícitosque involucran la responsabilidad <strong>de</strong> algunas personas vinculadas al DAS.530. El Ministro <strong>de</strong>l Interior y <strong>de</strong> Justicia explicó que no solo estaban interceptados losteléfonos <strong>de</strong> los magistrados, periodistas y congresistas, sino también miembros <strong>de</strong>l altoGobierno.531. Asimismo, se informó que, el 21 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, el DAS expidió una comunicaciónpública en el que rechazó ese tipo <strong>de</strong> acción y se informó que nunca se han dado instruccionespara realizar las intercepciones a las que se refiere la información periodística. Asimismo, seafirmó que hacer intercepciones sin la <strong>de</strong>bida or<strong>de</strong>n judicial constituye un <strong>de</strong>lito sancionado porla legislación penal colombiana.532. En el marco <strong>de</strong> la investigación penal, el Fiscal <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Nación ha or<strong>de</strong>nado lapráctica <strong>de</strong> diversas pruebas, tales como el registro <strong>de</strong> las instalaciones <strong>de</strong>l DAS don<strong>de</strong> funcionanlos equipos <strong>de</strong> interceptación, entrevistas a funcionarios <strong>de</strong> las áreas <strong>de</strong> Inteligencia yContrainteligencia e inspecciones a los protocolos y a los libros <strong>de</strong> registros.533. Se informó que se creó un grupo élite para que se encargara <strong>de</strong> iniciar el proceso <strong>de</strong>investigación en torno a las supuestas grabaciones que <strong>de</strong> manera ilegal se habrían realizado avarias personas <strong>de</strong> la vida pública. Se <strong>de</strong>signó a dos fiscales <strong>de</strong>legados ante la Corte Suprema <strong>de</strong>Justicia y a 10 investigadores <strong>de</strong>l CTI para a<strong>de</strong>lantar las averiguaciones respectivas.534. Adicionalmente, la Procuraduría <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Nación ha iniciado la correspondienteinvestigación disciplinaria, con el propósito <strong>de</strong> establecer las responsabilida<strong>de</strong>s disciplinarias <strong>de</strong>los servidores públicos involucrados en estos hechos, e imponer las sanciones a que haya lugar.La Fiscalía informó que se or<strong>de</strong>naron entrevistas con funcionarios <strong>de</strong> las áreas <strong>de</strong> inteligencia y


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 84contrainteligencia para establecer posibles responsabilida<strong>de</strong>s, y aseguró que se les ofrecerántodos los beneficios a quienes colaboren para esclarecer el caso.535. Cabe añadir que el Director <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong>l DAS ha tomado la iniciativa para implementardiversas medidas administrativas, <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> las cuales se <strong>de</strong>staca las renuncias aceptadas <strong>de</strong> lossubdirectores <strong>de</strong> Análisis y <strong>de</strong> Operaciones, que hacer parte <strong>de</strong> la Dirección <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong>Inteligencia; traslados y rotaciones internas <strong>de</strong> persona, así como cambios en la estructuraorganizacional <strong>de</strong>l DAS. De igual manera, el Director <strong>General</strong> or<strong>de</strong>nó la <strong>de</strong>svinculación <strong>de</strong> 54funcionarios, los cuales <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> diferentes verificaciones, resultaron no confiables parapermanecer al servicio <strong>de</strong> la Entidad.536. El DAS encontró que el inventario <strong>de</strong> aparatos <strong>de</strong> interceptación está completo, con locual, en su criterio, se <strong>de</strong>scartaría la hipótesis <strong>de</strong> que las interceptaciones se hicieron con unequipo tobado hace unos meses. Se estableció a<strong>de</strong>más que un ex funcionario <strong>de</strong> la institución, <strong>de</strong>la seccional <strong>de</strong> inteligencia, estaría atrás <strong>de</strong> la supuesta red mafiosa <strong>de</strong>dicada a interceptar amagistrados, fiscales, funcionarios <strong>de</strong>l alto Gobierno, policías, políticos y periodistas.537. Asimismo, uno <strong>de</strong> los principales expertos en el mundo en peritaje forense <strong>de</strong> audioelaboró un estudio acerca <strong>de</strong> estas interceptaciones, como resultado <strong>de</strong>l cual concluyó que lasmás recientes grabaciones <strong>de</strong>nunciadas NO se realizaron <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> las salas fijas <strong>de</strong>l DAS ni <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong>los equipos móviles.538. El Gobierno Nacional impulsó al interior <strong>de</strong>l Congreso <strong>de</strong> la República , la aprobación <strong>de</strong>una nueva Ley <strong>de</strong> inteligencia (Ley 1288 <strong>de</strong> 5 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009), la cual contiene disposicionesque garantizan el correcto uso <strong>de</strong> las herramientas <strong>de</strong> inteligencia y contrainteligencia, por parte<strong>de</strong> las entida<strong>de</strong>s competentes para ello.539. Se subrayó que el Estado <strong>de</strong> Colombia protege, reconoce y garantiza la labor periodística,<strong>de</strong> las Organizaciones <strong>de</strong>fensoras <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos y <strong>de</strong> las organizaciones sindicales, y eneste sentido, con<strong>de</strong>na y rechaza cualquier acción violenta en contra <strong>de</strong> los lí<strong>de</strong>res sindicales ysindicalistas, <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos, periodistas y en general <strong>de</strong> cualquier ciudadanoen el país.540. Asimismo, se informó que el Gobierno Nacional apoya, reconoce y respeta la actividad<strong>de</strong> la Rama Judicial y en este sentido, brinda las garantías necesarias para que los HonorablesMagistrados <strong>de</strong> las Altas Cortes puedan <strong>de</strong>sarrollar su labor en total in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia y seguridad.541. Por último, se informó que el Estado <strong>de</strong> Colombia brinda todas las medidas <strong>de</strong> proteccióny seguridad necesarias a quienes consi<strong>de</strong>ren se encuentran en grave situación <strong>de</strong> riesgo y/oamenaza, por razón <strong>de</strong> su actividad sindical, civil, social, periodística etc.542. En relación con las medidas <strong>de</strong> protección adoptadas, se informó que han implementadovarias medidas a favor <strong>de</strong> 10 personas: esquema duro con vehículo blindado, escolta, medio <strong>de</strong>comunicación Avantel, uso personal medio <strong>de</strong> comunicación Avantel (uso <strong>de</strong> escoltas), blindaje<strong>de</strong> resi<strong>de</strong>ncia. Asimismo, se informó que la Corporación Colectivo <strong>de</strong> Abogados “José AlvearRestrepo” es beneficiaria <strong>de</strong> medidas cautelares solicitadas por la Honorables ComisiónInteramericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el 11 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2000.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 85543. Asimismo, se informó que la Comisión Colombiana <strong>de</strong> Juristas (que también esbeneficiaria <strong>de</strong> medidas cautelares solicitadas por la Honorable Comisión Interamericana <strong>de</strong>Derechos humanos <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el 4 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2003) ha afirmado que no acepta medidas <strong>de</strong>protección materiales, ya que manifiestan no estar <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con las medidas que brinda elPrograma <strong>de</strong> Protección <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong>l Interior y <strong>de</strong> Justicia, sino que solicitan laimplementación <strong>de</strong> medidas políticas por parte <strong>de</strong>l Estado colombiana.544. Se informó que se ha implementado medidas protectoras y <strong>de</strong> carácter colectivo para laAsociación para la Promoción Social Alternativa (MINGA), también beneficiaria <strong>de</strong> medidascautelares solicitadas por la Honorable Comisión Interamericana d Derechos Humanos, <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el10 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2008.545. Asimismo se informó que el periodista Hollman Morris, beneficiario <strong>de</strong>l Programa <strong>de</strong>Protección <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong>l Interior y <strong>de</strong> Justicia también es beneficiario <strong>de</strong> medidas <strong>de</strong>protección. Asimismo, el Estado informó que la Policía Nacional implementó medidaspreventivas <strong>de</strong> seguridad en torno a la resi<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong>l periodista y su familia. No obstante loanterior, el Sr. Hollman Morris ha incumplido en varias oportunida<strong>de</strong>s los compromisos <strong>de</strong>bidospara su seguridad, y si bien el Estado tiene la obligación convencional y constitucional <strong>de</strong>garantizar la vida y la integridad personal <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Morris, no es menos cierto que para que elEstado pue<strong>de</strong> cumplir con esta obligación, se requiere que el periodista adopte responsablementedichas conductas mínimas <strong>de</strong> seguridad que no buscan otra cosa que el beneficiario <strong>de</strong> lasmedidas <strong>de</strong> protección se compromete con facilitar la a<strong>de</strong>cuada y efectiva prestación <strong>de</strong> esteservicio por parte <strong>de</strong> las autorida<strong>de</strong>s competentes.546. Asimismo, se informó que el Director <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Policía Nacional se comprometió acontinuar ofreciendo todas las garantías <strong>de</strong> seguridad y protección a los Magistrados <strong>de</strong> las AltasCortes.547. Se informó que el Gobierno Nacional ha actuado con toda la diligencia para brindarleprotección a todos los magistrados <strong>de</strong> las Altas Cortes.548. De otra parte, el Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Defensa informó que luego <strong>de</strong> haber sostenido una reunióncon los Magistrados <strong>de</strong> las Altas Cortes, se van a reforzar las medidas <strong>de</strong> seguridad <strong>de</strong> losmagistrados entre otros.549. Asimismo, el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> la República informó acerca <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>stinación <strong>de</strong> tresmillones <strong>de</strong> dólares <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos para la protección <strong>de</strong> los Magistrados <strong>de</strong> las AltasCortes y sus familias.Llamamiento urgente550. El 23 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con la Sra. Islena Rey, el Sr. Miguel Martínez y el Sr. DanielPiedrahita. La Sra. Rey era presi<strong>de</strong>nta <strong>de</strong>l ahora disuelto Comité Cívico por los DerechosHumanos <strong>de</strong>l Meta, el Sr. Martínez es lí<strong>de</strong>r campesino integrante <strong>de</strong> AGROGUEJAR(Asociación <strong>de</strong> Campesinos <strong>de</strong>l Bajo Ariari) y el Sr. Piedrahita es abogado <strong>de</strong>fensor <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 86551. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 17 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las16:30 horas <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong>, la Sra. Rey habría sido víctima <strong>de</strong> una tentativa <strong>de</strong> asesinato. El inci<strong>de</strong>ntehabría ocurrido cuando la Sra. Rey y los Sres. Martínez y Piedrahita se trasladaban en barcosobre el río Güejar cerca <strong>de</strong>l sitio <strong>de</strong>nominado Charco Malario en el Municipio <strong>de</strong> Puerto Rico,en el <strong>de</strong>partamento <strong>de</strong>l Meta. Supuestamente, integrantes <strong>de</strong> las Fuerzas ArmadasRevolucionarias <strong>de</strong> Colombia (FARC) habrían disparado en su contra. La Sra. Rey habría sidogravemente herida y se encuentra ahora en el Hospital Municipal <strong>de</strong> Puerto Rico en el Meta enespera <strong>de</strong> ser trasladada en helicóptero a un hospital en la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Villavicencio. Los Sres.Martínez y Piedrahita habrían resultado ilesos.552. Se expresó temor que este ataque contra la Sra. Rey y los Sres. Martínez y Piedrahitapodría estar relacionado con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos. Asimismo, seexpresó una profunda preocupación por la seguridad física <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Rey y los Sres. Martínez yPiedrahita.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno553. En cartas fechada el 12 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 y el 27 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2010, el Gobiernorespondió al llamamiento urgente. La carta confirmó que la Sra. Rey resultó herida en un ataquey proporcionó la información <strong>de</strong>tallada al respecto.554. Se informó que, <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong>l ataque, las autorida<strong>de</strong>s policiales prestaron la protecciónnecesaria a la Sra. Rey quien fue atendida por personal médico <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Salud <strong>de</strong>lMunicipio <strong>de</strong> Puerto Rico. La Sra. Rey fue traslada en un helicóptero a otro hospital don<strong>de</strong> fueinternado con protección policial. Según la carta, la salud <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Rey logró ser estabilizado yse le practicaron las dos cirugías que su estado <strong>de</strong> salud requería.555. La carta subrayó el hecho <strong>de</strong> que la Sra. Rey cuenta con vigilancia estacionaria <strong>de</strong> laPolicía Nacional en su resi<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> manera permanente y medidas <strong>de</strong> protección en su lugar <strong>de</strong>trabajo.556. Se informó que hay <strong>de</strong>stacado un grupo <strong>de</strong> Policía Judicial que logró la individualización<strong>de</strong>l agresor, perteneciente al Frente 43 <strong>de</strong> las FARC.557. Asimismo, se informó que el Estado colombiano ha con<strong>de</strong>nado <strong>de</strong> la forma más enérgicacualquier atentado contra la integridad y el trabajo <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y queha reiterado su compromiso <strong>de</strong> continuar brindando protección y garantías a los que, por lanaturaleza <strong>de</strong> sus activida<strong>de</strong>s, se encuentran en algún nivel <strong>de</strong> vulnerabilidad y <strong>de</strong> seguiravanzando para evitar que los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos sean víctimas <strong>de</strong> amenazas,hostigamiento y atentados como el ocurrido el 17 <strong>de</strong> octubre.558. En la carta fechada el 27 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2010, se confirmó que <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el 28 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong>1996, la Sra. Islena Rey es beneficiaria <strong>de</strong> las Medidas Provisionales or<strong>de</strong>nadas por la HonorableCorte Interamericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos. Es <strong>de</strong> resaltar que periódicamente se llevan a caboreuniones <strong>de</strong> seguimiento y concertación <strong>de</strong> las Medidas Provisionales en la que participan losbeneficiarios y sus representantes. La más reciente reunión se realizó el 21 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, enla Dirección <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Relaciones Exteriores.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 87559. Se informó que los hechos <strong>de</strong> 17 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009 aún se encuentran siendo objeto <strong>de</strong>investigación por parte <strong>de</strong> las autorida<strong>de</strong>s judiciales competentes, con el propósito <strong>de</strong> esclarecerlos hechos <strong>de</strong>nunciados y <strong>de</strong> individualizar e i<strong>de</strong>ntificar a los responsables.560. No obstante, a la luz <strong>de</strong> las investigaciones preliminares, se informó que el día <strong>de</strong> loshechos, la Sra. Rey y sus acompañantes se <strong>de</strong>splazaban por el río Gũejar con dirección almunicipio <strong>de</strong> Puerto Rico (<strong>de</strong>partamento <strong>de</strong>l Meta) en un bote perteneciente al Cuerpo <strong>de</strong>Bomberos adscrito a esta localidad; embarcación que exhibía una ban<strong>de</strong>ra blanca.Posteriormente, en horas <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong>, la mencionada embarcación fue víctima <strong>de</strong> un ataqueperpetrado presuntamente por el grupo armado ilegal FARC. Una vez arribó la embarcación almunicipio <strong>de</strong> Puerto Rico, las autorida<strong>de</strong>s policiales prestaron la protección necesaria a la Sra.Rey, quien fue atendida por personal médico <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Salud <strong>de</strong> dicha localidad. Esa mismanoche, la Sra. Rey fue trasladada a la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Villavicencio (<strong>de</strong>partamento <strong>de</strong>l Meta) en unhelicóptero <strong>de</strong> la Fuerza Aérea Colombiana, siendo recibida por una ambulancia <strong>de</strong> la Policía yescoltada hasta el hospital “Clínica <strong>de</strong> la Nueva EPS”, don<strong>de</strong> fue internada, bajo protecciónpolicial. Según información médica preliminar, la salud <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Rey logró ser estabilizada y sele practicaron las dos cirugías que su estado <strong>de</strong> salud requería.561. En el marco <strong>de</strong> la citada investigación sobre el inci<strong>de</strong>nte antedicho, la Fiscalía <strong>de</strong>conocimiento elaboró el correspondiente programa metodológico y profirió ór<strong>de</strong>nes <strong>de</strong> PolicíaJudicial al Cuerpo Técnico <strong>de</strong> Investigaciones (CTI) <strong>de</strong> la Fiscalía <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Nación. Ya sehan a<strong>de</strong>lantado entrevistas a algunos testigos <strong>de</strong> los hechos. No obstante, es necesario resaltarque la Fiscalía <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Nación hizo hincapié en los obstáculos existentes para obtener las<strong>de</strong>claraciones <strong>de</strong> varios <strong>de</strong> los testigos, consi<strong>de</strong>rando la dificultad que implica conocer su actualubicación.562. La Fiscalía es encuentra trabajando sobre un hipótesis relacionada con la causa <strong>de</strong> loshechos, y en este sentido, hasta la fecha, se ha <strong>de</strong>terminado que presuntamente el ataque no ibadirigido a la Sra. Rey, sino contra el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> la Junta <strong>de</strong> Acción Comunal <strong>de</strong>l corregimiento<strong>de</strong> Puerto Toledo (<strong>de</strong>partamento <strong>de</strong>l Meta), quien al parecer había sido víctima <strong>de</strong> amenazas porparte <strong>de</strong>l grupo guerrillero <strong>de</strong> las FARC. El 19 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, es <strong>de</strong>cir, dos días <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong>latentado, el Comité Cívico por los Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong>l Meta emitió un comunicado públicoen el que realizó, entre otras, la siguiente afirmación: “Es <strong>de</strong> precisar que esta Organización en<strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong> sus activida<strong>de</strong>s humanitarias no ha sido objeto <strong>de</strong> amenazas, ni <strong>de</strong> agresiones porparte <strong>de</strong> ningún actor armado. Esta Organización <strong>de</strong>sconoce las causas y móviles <strong>de</strong> dichaacción”.563. Como resultado <strong>de</strong> las labores investigativas, la Fiscalía logró la i<strong>de</strong>ntificación yindividualización <strong>de</strong>l presunto autor <strong>de</strong>l ataque, cuyo nombre y alias pertenecen a la reserva <strong>de</strong>lsumario, y quien al parecer forma parte <strong>de</strong> la estructura <strong>de</strong>l Frente 43 <strong>de</strong> las FARC.564. La carta esbozó las varias medidas <strong>de</strong> protección que se relacionan a continuación. Seincluye un vehículo blindado, dos unida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> escolta, tres medios <strong>de</strong> comunicación Avantel, yun medio <strong>de</strong> comunicación celular. Se notó que el esquema implementado a favor <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Reyes consi<strong>de</strong>rado como un “Esquema Duro <strong>de</strong> Protección” dado su nivel <strong>de</strong> riesgo, el cual ha sidoevaluado en diversas oportunida<strong>de</strong>s por parte <strong>de</strong> funcionarios expertos <strong>de</strong>l DepartamentoAdministrativo <strong>de</strong> Seguridad (DAS), arrojando resultado “Extraordinario”. La carta <strong>de</strong>scribió la<strong>de</strong>finición <strong>de</strong>l riesgo “Extraordinario”.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 88565. La Policía Nacional reportó que la Sra. Rey cuenta con un Esquema <strong>de</strong> protección <strong>de</strong>seguridad resi<strong>de</strong>ncial, conformado por tres unida<strong>de</strong>s adscritas al Grupo <strong>de</strong> Protección aDignatarios <strong>de</strong>l Departamento <strong>de</strong> Policía <strong>de</strong>l Meta en turnos <strong>de</strong> ocho horas. De igual modo,existe una or<strong>de</strong>n permanente por parte <strong>de</strong>l Comando <strong>de</strong> Policía <strong>de</strong>l Meta en el sentido <strong>de</strong> realizarrevistas y rondas policiales por parte <strong>de</strong> las patrullas <strong>de</strong>l sector, tanto a la resi<strong>de</strong>ncia como al sitio<strong>de</strong> trabajo <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Rey. Asimismo la Policía Nacional informó que cada 45 días, la Sra. Rey esinvitada a las reuniones <strong>de</strong> interlocución organizadas por el Comando <strong>de</strong> Policía <strong>de</strong>lDepartamento <strong>de</strong>l Meta y su Oficina <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos, con los representantes <strong>de</strong> lasOrganizaciones No Gubernamentales <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos y lí<strong>de</strong>res sindicalistas en el<strong>de</strong>partamento <strong>de</strong>l Meta; espacios estos don<strong>de</strong> la Sra. Rey participa activamente y su intervenciónqueda registrada en un acta que es enviada posteriormente a la Inspección <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la PolicíaNacional, en la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Bogotá.566. Se confirmó el Estado <strong>de</strong> Colombia estará atento a la situación <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Rey y en estesentido, se encuentra dispuesto a escuchar las solicitu<strong>de</strong>s que en materia <strong>de</strong> protección presentela beneficiaria, y que una vez se recabe mayor información sobre el particular, el Estado <strong>de</strong>Colombia la retirá a la Relatora Especial en forma oportuna.Llamamiento urgente567. El 30 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con la Sra. Claudia Julieta Duque. La Sra. Duque es unaperiodista in<strong>de</strong>pendiente, colaboradora <strong>de</strong> la organización <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos Equipo Nizkor eintegrante <strong>de</strong> la Fe<strong>de</strong>ración Colombiana <strong>de</strong> Periodistas (Fecolper) y <strong>de</strong> la junta directiva <strong>de</strong> laUnión <strong>de</strong> Periodistas <strong>de</strong> Bogotá (UPB).568. La Sra. Duque ya ha sido objeto <strong>de</strong> dos comunicaciones conjuntas <strong>de</strong>l Relator Especialsobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión; <strong>de</strong>l Relator Especialsobre las ejecuciones extrajudiciales, sumarias o arbitrarias; y <strong>de</strong> la Relatora Especial sobre lasituación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, quienes enviaron comunicaciones alGobierno <strong>de</strong> su Excelencia el 23 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2008 y el 23 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2004, y una adicionalcomunicación por parte <strong>de</strong> la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos el 13 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009. Se agra<strong>de</strong>cieron las respuestas <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno confechas 4 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, 5 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2008 y 8 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2004.569. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 16 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las12:30 horas <strong>de</strong>l mediodía, alre<strong>de</strong>dor <strong>de</strong> diez personas habrían llegado al complejo resi<strong>de</strong>ncialdon<strong>de</strong> vive la Sra. Duque. Seis <strong>de</strong> ellos habrían ingresado al complejo; tres personas habrían idoa la puerta <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>partamento <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Duque mientras los otros tres habrían permanecido en laentrada <strong>de</strong>l complejo. Cuatro personas más habrían esperado afuera, cada uno en un vehículo.570. Una persona que se encontraría en el <strong>de</strong>partamento, se habría dado cuenta <strong>de</strong> la situaciónirregular cuando el perro <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Duque habría empezado a ladrar <strong>de</strong>bido a la presencia <strong>de</strong>personas afuera <strong>de</strong> la puerta <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>partamento. Cuando dichas personas se habrían percatado <strong>de</strong>la presencia <strong>de</strong> esta persona en el <strong>de</strong>partamento, se habrían retirado <strong>de</strong>l lugar. Aunque dichapersona habría llamado a la seguridad <strong>de</strong>l complejo varias veces, ésta no habría <strong>de</strong>tenido niinterrogado a las personas cuando salían <strong>de</strong>l complejo.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 89571. Cabe añadir que la cámara <strong>de</strong> seguridad ubicada afuera <strong>de</strong>l edificio don<strong>de</strong> vive la Sra.Duque habría sido dañada el día anterior al inci<strong>de</strong>nte y una cámara ubicada a<strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong>l edificiohabría <strong>de</strong>jado <strong>de</strong> funcionar aproximadamente a las 10:30 horas <strong>de</strong> la mañana <strong>de</strong>l 16 <strong>de</strong> octubre<strong>de</strong> 2009. A<strong>de</strong>más, el celular <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Duque habría sido bloqueado <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> las 12 horas <strong>de</strong>lmediodía hasta las 7 horas <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>l mismo día.572. Posteriormente, la policía habría iniciado una investigación y habría revisado los vi<strong>de</strong>os<strong>de</strong> seguridad <strong>de</strong> todo el complejo.573. Este inci<strong>de</strong>nte forma parte <strong>de</strong> una serie <strong>de</strong> actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación y amenazas contra la Sra.Duque. Recientemente, varias personas no i<strong>de</strong>ntificadas habrían llamado por teléfono a la familia<strong>de</strong> la Sra. Duque preguntando por su para<strong>de</strong>ro. A<strong>de</strong>más, la Sra. Duque habría sido vigilada yperseguida en varias ocasiones en los últimos meses.574. Existen alegaciones <strong>de</strong> que estos nuevos actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación están relacionados con lainvestigación penal sobre actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación y amenazas contra la Sra. Duque en la queestarían involucrados varios funcionarios <strong>de</strong>l Departamento Administrativo <strong>de</strong> Seguridad (DAS).Recientemente, la Fiscalía <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Nación habría empezado a interrogar a dichosfuncionarios <strong>de</strong>l DAS. A<strong>de</strong>más, en febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Duque habría presentado una<strong>de</strong>nuncia por <strong>de</strong>sacato contra el DAS por no cumplir con una or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> la Corte Constitucional<strong>de</strong>l 23 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2008. Según dicha or<strong>de</strong>n, el DAS <strong>de</strong>bía haber entregado a la Sra. Duquetodos los informes <strong>de</strong> inteligencia vinculados con ella, obtenidos <strong>de</strong> manera ilegal <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> 2001.575. Se expresó temor que estos actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación contra la Sra. Duque podrían estardirectamente relacionados con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos. Durante suvisita a Colombia, <strong>de</strong>l siete al dieciocho <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial tuvo laoportunidad <strong>de</strong> encontrarse con la Sra. Duque en varias ocasiones. Expresó su profundapreocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Duque.Llamamiento urgente576. El 16 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con la Sra. Ingrid Vergara, lí<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>l MovimientoNacional <strong>de</strong> Víctimas <strong>de</strong> Crímenes <strong>de</strong> Estado (MOVICE) en la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Sincelejo,Departamento <strong>de</strong> Sucre, y su hija.577. La Sra. Vergara ya ha sido objeto <strong>de</strong> una comunicación <strong>de</strong> la entonces RepresentanteEspecial <strong>de</strong>l Secretario <strong>General</strong> sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos el21 abril <strong>de</strong> 2008. Se agra<strong>de</strong>ció la respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno a dicha comunicación el 20 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong>2008.578. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 26 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 1:15horas <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong>, la hija <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Vergara se habría percatado <strong>de</strong> la presencia <strong>de</strong> un vehículoblanco con cristales polarizados vigilándola mientras esperaba el autobús afuera <strong>de</strong> su escuela enSincelejo. El vehículo se habría <strong>de</strong>tenido y dos jóvenes se le habrían acercado. Posteriormente,los jóvenes habrían informado a la hija <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Vergara que los hombres habrían dicho que


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 90<strong>de</strong>bía mandar a <strong>de</strong>cir a su madre que guardara silencio si quería llegar al año nuevo. Una vez quelos jóvenes habrían entregado el mensaje, el vehículo se habría retirado.579. La joven Vergara habría visto el mismo vehículo siguiéndola en tres ocasiones los días19, 20 y 21 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009. Asimismo, varios vecinos <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Vergara le habríaninformado que el 21 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009 una camioneta blanca con cristales polarizados habríapasado por su casa varias veces, reduciendo la velocidad en frente <strong>de</strong> la casa.580. Se expresó temor que esta amenaza y los actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento contra la Sra. Vergara ysu familia podrían estar relacionados con las activida<strong>de</strong>s que realiza en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos y en particular con su trabajo <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>nunciar violaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos cometidaspor miembros <strong>de</strong> grupos paramilitares en la región. En vista <strong>de</strong> las informaciones aquí resumidas,se expresó profunda preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Vergara asícomo por la <strong>de</strong> su hija. La Relatora Especial quiso reiterar que, si bien reconoce los esfuerzos <strong>de</strong>lGobierno para mejorar la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, aún queda muchopor hacer para garantizar un entorno seguro y propicio para los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanosen Colombia.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno581. En una carta fechada el 27 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2010, el Gobierno respondió al llamamientourgente. Se informó que las presuntas amenazas y seguimientos en contra <strong>de</strong> la Sra. IngridVergara y su hija se encuentran siendo objeto <strong>de</strong> investigación por parte <strong>de</strong> la Fiscalía <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong>la Nación. Se prometió que se informará a la Relatora Especial sobre la exactitud <strong>de</strong> lassupuestas amenazas, una vez concluyan las investigaciones penales correspondientes. En<strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong> la mencionada investigación, se or<strong>de</strong>nó la realización <strong>de</strong>l programa metodológico yse emitieron ór<strong>de</strong>nes <strong>de</strong> policía judicial al Cuerpo Técnico <strong>de</strong> Investigaciones <strong>de</strong> la Fiscalía<strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Nación (CTI).582. En relación con los presuntos hechos <strong>de</strong> violencia acaecidos en abril <strong>de</strong> 2008 en contra <strong>de</strong>la Sra. Ingrid Vergara y su hija, la Fiscalía <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Nación manifestó que estos seencuentran siendo objeto <strong>de</strong> investigación por parte <strong>de</strong> la Fiscalía 6 Seccional <strong>de</strong> Sincelejo. El 19<strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, se llevó a cabo un Comité Técnico Jurídico con el fin <strong>de</strong> analizar los avancesy obstáculos en el marco <strong>de</strong> las investigaciones penales en que figuran como víctimas losmiembros <strong>de</strong> MOVICE, incluyendo a la Sra. Vergara, y que contó con la presencia <strong>de</strong> unfuncionario adscrito a la Dirección Nacional <strong>de</strong> Fiscalías.583. Asimismo, se informó que <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el año 2006, la Sra. Vergara es beneficiaria <strong>de</strong> medidascautelares solicitadas por la Honorable Comisión Interamericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos a favor<strong>de</strong> diez y siete (17) miembros <strong>de</strong> la MOVICE – Seccional Sucre. En este sentido, se tiene que lasmedidas <strong>de</strong> protección brindadas por el Estado a favor <strong>de</strong> estas personas son concertadas con losbeneficiarios y/o sus representantes en <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong> las reuniones seguimiento y concertación <strong>de</strong>las medidas cautelares que periódicamente se llevan a cabo en le Ministerio <strong>de</strong> RelacionesExteriores <strong>de</strong> Colombia.584. Es así como, en materia <strong>de</strong> estas medidas <strong>de</strong> protección, el Estado <strong>de</strong> Colombia sepermite señalar que según el Ministerio <strong>de</strong>l Interior y <strong>de</strong> Justicia, actualmente cuenta con unmedio <strong>de</strong> comunicación celular y un apoyo <strong>de</strong> transporte por cien horas. Asimismo, la Policía


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 91Nacional lleva a cabo rondas periódicas <strong>de</strong> seguridad perímetral en el sector done se encuentraubicada la resi<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Vergara. De igual forma, le fue entregado un manual <strong>de</strong>autoprotección, con recomendaciones <strong>de</strong> seguridad para ser tenídas en cuenta por la beneficiaria.Adicionalmente, se le ofreció el acompañamiento policial en sus <strong>de</strong>splazamientos en casonecesarios, previa comunicación al comando <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>partamento <strong>de</strong> Policía Sucre.585. A la luz <strong>de</strong> los recientes hechos <strong>de</strong> seguimientos y amenazas en contra <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Vergara,la Policía Nacional informó que se han adoptado nuevas medidas <strong>de</strong> protección a su favor, lascuales consisten en las siguientes:586. Labores <strong>de</strong> búsqueda <strong>de</strong> información e investigativas por parte <strong>de</strong> las Seccionales <strong>de</strong>Inteligencia y Policía Judicial <strong>de</strong> esta unidad a fin <strong>de</strong> esclarecer los hechos <strong>de</strong>lictivos que sepresentan en esos sectores.587. Acciones <strong>de</strong> aproximación con lí<strong>de</strong>res y habitantes <strong>de</strong>l sector, con el fin <strong>de</strong> dialogar conellos, informarse <strong>de</strong> noveda<strong>de</strong>s que se presenten y prestarles el apoyo en cuanto a seguridad serefiere.588. Revisión permanente <strong>de</strong>l Dispositivo y Plan <strong>de</strong> Seguridad <strong>de</strong> Sincelejo, Comuna Sur.589. Dispositivo <strong>de</strong> seguridad extremando el control perimetral en la carretera Troncal <strong>de</strong>Occi<strong>de</strong>nte, sitio al bor<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> cual ubica su resi<strong>de</strong>ncia. Este control durante las 24 horas en el ejevial se realiza por parte <strong>de</strong> la Policía <strong>de</strong> Carreteras, en el perímetro Sincelejo – Corozal –Cartagena por la vía Ovejas.590. Labores permanentes <strong>de</strong> Vigilancia Comunitaria.591. Activación <strong>de</strong> las Re<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> Apoyo y Red <strong>de</strong> Cooperantes.592. Para concluir, se confirmó que el Estado <strong>de</strong> Colombia estará atento a la situación <strong>de</strong> laSra. Vergara, y en este sentido se encuentra dispuesto a escuchar las solicitu<strong>de</strong>s que en materia<strong>de</strong> protección presente la beneficiaria. El Estado <strong>de</strong> Colombia otorga las garantías necesariaspara el cumplimiento <strong>de</strong> la labor que <strong>de</strong>sarrollan todos los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos enel país, y lamenta los presuntos hechos <strong>de</strong> violencia <strong>de</strong> que al parecer fue víctima la Sra. Vergara.El Estado <strong>de</strong> Colombia está atento a prestar la colaboración que las autorida<strong>de</strong>s judicialesrequieran para el esclarecimiento <strong>de</strong> los hechos <strong>de</strong>nunciados, los cuales se encuentra siendoinvestigaciones. Una vez se recabe mayor información sobre el particular, el Estado <strong>de</strong> Colombiala remitirá a la Relatora Especial en forma oportuna.Llamamiento urgente593. El 1 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad<strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión y el Relator Especial sobre las ejecuciones extrajudiciales, sumarias oarbitrarias, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con la Sra. Luz Marina Porras Bernal, integrante <strong>de</strong> lasMadres <strong>de</strong> Soacha, su hijo, el Sr. John Smith Porras Bernal y los <strong>de</strong>más miembros <strong>de</strong> lasMadres <strong>de</strong> Soacha.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 92594. Las Madres <strong>de</strong> Soacha es un grupo formado por madres <strong>de</strong> los jóvenes <strong>de</strong> Soacha,Cundinamarca, que fueron ejecutados extrajudicialmente, supuestamente a manos <strong>de</strong>l ejército, enenero <strong>de</strong> 2008. Las Madres <strong>de</strong> Soacha exigen justicia en los asesinatos <strong>de</strong> sus hijos. El Sr. SmithPorras Bernal ayuda a las Madres <strong>de</strong> Soacha y realiza campañas para exigir justicia y poner fin ala impunidad en este caso conocido como “los falsos positivos <strong>de</strong> Soacha”.595. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 2 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Smith Porras Bernalhabría recibido una carta en la que <strong>de</strong>cía “así se esconda y se encierre en ese apartamento ustedsale porque sale y hay te vamos a coger porque se le advirtió… si no quieres que te pase nadalárguese lo más pronto posible porque le queda muy poco tiempo no lo olvi<strong>de</strong> no estamosjugando porque ya lo tenemos fichado créalo no estamos jugando…”596. Asimismo, el 20 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Smith Porras Bernal habría recibido otra cartaamenazante en su casa que <strong>de</strong>cía que, “se atuviera a las consecuencias”. Esta amenaza sereferiría a otra carta amenazante enviada el 10 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009 en la que el autor habríaadvertido al Sr. Smith Porras Bernal y a las otras personas que exigen justicia en relación con lasejecuciones extrajudiciales en Soacha que <strong>de</strong>ben guardar silencio, una amenaza que habría sidoignorado.597. Cabe añadir que otras <strong>de</strong> las Madres <strong>de</strong> Soacha han sido objeto <strong>de</strong> intimidación yhostigamiento.598. Se expresó temor que las amenazas contra el Sr. Smith Porras Bernal y la Sra. PorrasBernal y los actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación y hostigamiento contra otros miembros <strong>de</strong> las Madres <strong>de</strong>Soacha estén relacionados con las activida<strong>de</strong>s que realizan en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos,y en particular con sus esfuerzos para exigir justicia en el caso <strong>de</strong> sus hijos ejecutadosextrajudicialmente. Como se mencionó en el comunicado <strong>de</strong> prensa <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> la visita <strong>de</strong> laRelatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos a Colombia enseptiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, siguen existiendo en Colombia patrones <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento y persecucióncontra los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, y a menudo contra sus familiares. El Gobierno <strong>de</strong>Colombia tiene la responsabilidad <strong>de</strong> investigar <strong>de</strong> manera exhaustiva las violaciones cometidascontra los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y enjuiciar a sus autores. Asimismo, el Gobierno <strong>de</strong>su Excelencia <strong>de</strong>be con<strong>de</strong>nar firmemente cualquier acto <strong>de</strong> agresión o intimidación contra los<strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, tomando la oportunidad para reconocer la importancia <strong>de</strong> sulabor.Llamamiento urgente599. El 10 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con el Sr. Jorge Eliecer Molano Rodríguez y sufamilia.600. El Sr. Molano Rodríguez es abogado <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y el asesor jurídico <strong>de</strong> variasorganizaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos incluyendo a la Corporación Sembrar, la AsociaciónNoma<strong>de</strong>sc, la Corporación Jurídica Utopia y el sindicato Fe<strong>de</strong>agromisbol. En su capacidad <strong>de</strong>abogado ha representado a varias víctimas en casos <strong>de</strong>licados <strong>de</strong> violaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos incluyendo a varios <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos que se han encontrado bajo


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 93vigilancia <strong>de</strong>l Departamento Administrativo <strong>de</strong> Seguridad (DAS). Asimismo, ha realizadointervenciones públicas en las audiencias <strong>de</strong>l juzgamiento <strong>de</strong> varios oficiales <strong>de</strong>l EjércitoNacional por las <strong>de</strong>sapariciones forzadas <strong>de</strong> once personas en noviembre <strong>de</strong> 1985. A<strong>de</strong>más,representa a los familiares <strong>de</strong> las víctimas <strong>de</strong> la masacre <strong>de</strong>l 21 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2005 en laComunidad <strong>de</strong> Paz <strong>de</strong> San José <strong>de</strong> Apartado. El juicio en relación con esta masacre iniciará estemes.601. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 1 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el personal <strong>de</strong> seguridadasignado para la protección <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Molano Rodríguez se habría enterado <strong>de</strong> que algunosindividuos no i<strong>de</strong>ntificados habrían acudido a la portería <strong>de</strong>l complejo resi<strong>de</strong>ncial don<strong>de</strong> vive elabogado, en tres ocasiones distintas la semana anterior, pidiendo acceso a su casa, sin quereri<strong>de</strong>ntificarse. Supuestamente, cuando el vigilante <strong>de</strong>l complejo habría llamado al <strong>de</strong>partamento<strong>de</strong> la familia Molano Rodríguez para confirmar la presencia <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Molano Rodríguez, losindividuos se habrían retirado.602. Durante los últimos meses, las oficinas <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Molano Rodríguez habrían estado bajo lavigilancia <strong>de</strong> individuos <strong>de</strong>sconocidos vestidos <strong>de</strong> civil. Asimismo, se alega que su teléfonocelular habría sido intervenido por parte <strong>de</strong>l DAS <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el 2004 en el marco <strong>de</strong> su operación <strong>de</strong>espionaje contra <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, magistrados y lí<strong>de</strong>res políticos.Recientemente, el Sr. Molano Rodríguez se habría percatado <strong>de</strong> más interferencia <strong>de</strong> susllamadas telefónicas.603. Asimismo, varios comentarios sobre el Sr. Molano Rodríguez habrían sido escritos enforos <strong>de</strong> Internet incluyendo uno que <strong>de</strong>cía “Me dirijo exclusivamente al vulgar y <strong>de</strong>svergonzadoEduarda (jorge molano) para manifestarle mi asco, mi repugnancia. huele a terrorista, a apátrida,a dinero <strong>de</strong> los infelices secuestrados, que le abonan seguramente cada quincena sus patroncitos<strong>de</strong>l monte. si tiene familia, seguramente que caminan cabizbajos. me imagino que usted no sabequé es honor.” Supuestamente estos comentarios estarían relacionados con sus intervenciones enlas audiencias <strong>de</strong>l juzgamiento <strong>de</strong> los oficiales <strong>de</strong>l Ejército Nacional anteriormente mencionadas.604. Asimismo, el 14 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 7 horas <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong>, lapareja <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Molano Rodríguez habría sido seguida por un hombre robusto <strong>de</strong> cabello negro. El7 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 11 horas <strong>de</strong> la mañana, habría sido seguidanuevamente por otro hombre cuando caminaba por la Carrera Séptima tras una reunión en elColectivo <strong>de</strong> Abogados José Alvear Restrepo.605. Se expresó temor que estos actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento e intimidación contra el Sr. MolanoRodríguez podrían estar relacionados con las activida<strong>de</strong>s que realiza en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos y podrían representar un intento <strong>de</strong> disuadirle <strong>de</strong> seguir con su importante trabajo, enparticular su trabajo <strong>de</strong> representación <strong>de</strong> los familiares <strong>de</strong> las víctimas <strong>de</strong> la masacre ocurrida enla Comunidad <strong>de</strong> Paz <strong>de</strong> San José <strong>de</strong> Apartado en el juicio que empezará el 14 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong>2009. Se expresó una profunda preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong>l Sr.Molano Rodríguez así como por la <strong>de</strong> su familia. Como la Relatora Especial mencionó en elcomunicado <strong>de</strong> prensa <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> su visita a Colombia en septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, siguen existiendoen Colombia patrones <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento y persecución contra los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos, y a menudo contra sus familiares. El Gobierno <strong>de</strong> su Excelencia tiene laresponsabilidad <strong>de</strong> investigar <strong>de</strong> manera exhaustiva las violaciones cometidas contra los<strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y enjuiciar a sus autores.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 94Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno606. En una carta fechada el 27 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2010, el Gobierno respondió al llamamientourgente. Se informó que la Fiscalía <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Nación manifestó que una vez consultado elSistema Penal Oral Acusatorio (SPOA), se constató que los presuntos seguimientos,hostigamientos y amenazas en contra <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Jorge Elicer Molano durante los meses <strong>de</strong>septiembre y diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 no fueron <strong>de</strong>nunciados ante las autorida<strong>de</strong>s competentes porparte <strong>de</strong> la presunta víctima ni <strong>de</strong> sus representantes, por lo cual no hacen parte <strong>de</strong> ningunainvestigación penal.607. Es así como, el Gobierno Nacional, a través <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Relaciones Exteriores,solicitó a la Fiscalía <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Nación consi<strong>de</strong>rar la viabilidad <strong>de</strong> iniciar el proceso penalcorrespondiente para el esclarecimiento <strong>de</strong> los hechos, o bien que estos se acumulen a lainvestigación penal que por <strong>de</strong>nuncias similares fue iniciada en el mes <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, por parte<strong>de</strong> la Fiscalía 330 <strong>de</strong> la Unidad <strong>de</strong> Libertad Individual y Otras Garantías en la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Bogotá.Se confirmó asimismo que una vez se recabe mayor información sobre el particular, el Estado <strong>de</strong>Colombia la retirá a la Relatora Especial en forma oportuna.608. En el marco <strong>de</strong> esa investigación – la cual se encuentra en etapa procesal <strong>de</strong> indagación –el 1 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2008 la Fiscalía elaboró el correspondiente programa metodológico con el fin <strong>de</strong>asegurar los medios que permitan establecer la ocurrencia <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>lito, así como también parai<strong>de</strong>ntificar las posibles hipótesis sobre las circunstancias <strong>de</strong> tiempo, modo y lugar en que esteocurrió. El 2 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2008, se emitieron ór<strong>de</strong>nes <strong>de</strong> Policía Judicial a la Seccional <strong>de</strong>Investigaciones Judiciales <strong>de</strong> la Policía Nacional (SIJIN) en Bogotá, <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> las cuales sesolicitó a<strong>de</strong>lantar entrevista con el Sr. Molano y a testigos <strong>de</strong> los hechos. Asimismo se or<strong>de</strong>nó larealización <strong>de</strong> un estudio <strong>de</strong> seguridad a su favor. Actualmente la Fiscalía se encuentra a laespera <strong>de</strong> recibir el respectivo informe <strong>de</strong> Policía Judicial.609. En relación con las medidas <strong>de</strong> protección brindadas a favor <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Molano, el Estado <strong>de</strong>Colombia se permite señalar que el Programa <strong>de</strong> Protección que li<strong>de</strong>ra la Dirección <strong>de</strong> DerechosHumanos <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong>l Interior y <strong>de</strong> Justicia informó sobre varias activida<strong>de</strong>s que haemprendido para brindarle protección. Estas activida<strong>de</strong>s se incluyen la realización urgente <strong>de</strong>lestudio técnico <strong>de</strong> nivel <strong>de</strong> riesgo <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Molano el 25 septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2008; la asignación al Sr.Molano <strong>de</strong> un medio <strong>de</strong> comunicación Avantel en septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2008; y la asignación <strong>de</strong> unapoyo especial <strong>de</strong> transporte terrestre al Sr. Molano.610. El Comité Técnico <strong>de</strong> la Oficina <strong>de</strong> Protección Especial <strong>de</strong>l DepartamentoAdministrativo <strong>de</strong> Seguridad (DAS) le realizó al Sr. Molano el estudio <strong>de</strong> nivel <strong>de</strong> riesgo quearrojó como resultado un nivel “Extraordinario”. El 5 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, el CRER analizó elcaso <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Molano y recomendó asignarle las medidas <strong>de</strong> protección siguientes: un vehículoblindado, dos unida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> escolta (cada uno con su arma <strong>de</strong> dotación) y dos chalecos blindados.611. El 2 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Dirección <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong>l Interior y<strong>de</strong> Justicia hizo entrega efectiva <strong>de</strong>l vehículo blindado aprobado a favor <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Molano, quiensuscribió un Acta <strong>de</strong> compromisa en esa misma fecha y en la que consta que recibió dichoautomotor como medida <strong>de</strong> protección a su favor. El 4 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Dirección nombradasuministró a la Dirección <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos y DIH <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Relaciones Exterioresun reporte en el que se sintetizó las medidas que se han adoptado en favor <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Molano, que


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 95incluyeron dos apoyos <strong>de</strong> transporte terrestre, dos medios <strong>de</strong> comunicación Avantel, un esquemacon vehículo blindado.612. El 28 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Dirección <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong>lInterior y <strong>de</strong> Justicia dio respuesta a una comunicación enviada por la Corporación SEMBRARel 2 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, en la cual solicitan algunas medidas <strong>de</strong> protección para el asesorjurídico <strong>de</strong> esta organización, Sr. Molano. Este Ministerio se refiere a cada una <strong>de</strong> las solicitu<strong>de</strong>selevadas por SEMBRAR. En relación con las asignación <strong>de</strong> tres unida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> escolta, el Sr.Molano se comprometió a enviar dos hojas <strong>de</strong> vida <strong>de</strong> personal <strong>de</strong> confianza con el objeto <strong>de</strong>reforzar su esquema <strong>de</strong> seguridad. Al respecto, sólo una hoja vida fue alegada, la cual seencuentra en el proceso final <strong>de</strong> revisión y valoración. Respecto <strong>de</strong> la tercera unidad <strong>de</strong> escolta –sobre quién el Sr. Molano solicitó que fuera un agente <strong>de</strong> planta <strong>de</strong>l DAS y a<strong>de</strong>más <strong>de</strong> suconfianza - El DAS comunicó que esta medida sería efectivamente asignada en el transcurso <strong>de</strong>laño <strong>de</strong> 2010.613. En cuanta a la asignación <strong>de</strong> dos armas <strong>de</strong> apoyo, el DAS tornó la <strong>de</strong>cisión <strong>de</strong> asignar unarma <strong>de</strong> apoyo como soporte al esquema <strong>de</strong> protección <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Molano. Sobre el cambio <strong>de</strong>vehículo por uno <strong>de</strong> blindaje nivel 5, se informó que el 24 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 fue entregadoun vehículo blindado <strong>de</strong> nivel superior marca Toyota Prado Mo<strong>de</strong>lo 2009. Con relación a laasignación <strong>de</strong> tiquetes aéreos, se informó a la Corporación SEMBRAR que <strong>de</strong> acuerdo a la<strong>de</strong>cisión tomada por el Comité <strong>de</strong> Reglamentación y Evaluación <strong>de</strong> Riesgos – CRER – todos losmiembros <strong>de</strong> esa organización, <strong>de</strong> la cual hace parte el Sr. Molano, son beneficiarios <strong>de</strong> cuatrotiquetes aéreos nacionales mensuales. Se solicitó al Sr. Molano hacer uso <strong>de</strong> estos tiquetes aéreosen caso <strong>de</strong> requerir <strong>de</strong>splazamientos que representen una situación <strong>de</strong> riesgo para su vida eintegridad personal.614. En relación con la adopción <strong>de</strong> medidas <strong>de</strong> protección necesarias a las oficinas <strong>de</strong> laCorporación SEMBRAR, se informó que la adopción está sujeta a valoración técnica <strong>de</strong> laPolicía Nacional, la cual está en trámite en el momento. No obstante, el Programa <strong>de</strong> Protecciónli<strong>de</strong>rado por el Ministerio <strong>de</strong>l Interior y <strong>de</strong> Justicia informó que tomará las previsiones necesariaspara asegurar la protección <strong>de</strong> la se<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> la organización SEMBRAR, para lo cual un expertotécnico en la matera se entrevistará con los beneficiarios a fin <strong>de</strong> precisar las medidas aimplementar.615. Finalmente, se manifestó a los beneficiarios que, en todo caso, estará atenta a la situación<strong>de</strong> seguridad <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Molano y seguirá adoptando las medidas <strong>de</strong> protección que sean necesariaspara garantizar sus <strong>de</strong>rechos. Asimismo, proporcionó un número celular <strong>de</strong> contacto, a fin <strong>de</strong> que<strong>de</strong>sea comunicar cualquier inquietud o coordinar las medidas <strong>de</strong> seguridad necesarias.616. Adicionalmente, en vista <strong>de</strong> los hechos sobrevivientes dados a conocer por el Sr. Molanoa través <strong>de</strong> una solicitud <strong>de</strong> información elevada por parte <strong>de</strong> la Honorable ComisiónInteramericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos, la Policía Nacional informó el 15 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009que no existen alianzas estratégicas <strong>de</strong> seguridad que incluyeran sondas al lugar <strong>de</strong> resi<strong>de</strong>ncia o<strong>de</strong> trabajo <strong>de</strong> este beneficiario. No obstante, la Coordinación <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> la PolicíaNacional tomó contacto con el Sr. Molano para ofrecer los servicios <strong>de</strong> seguridad. Comorespuesta, el Sr. Molano manifestó que ya contaba con un esquema <strong>de</strong> seguridad, y que por elmomento no requería <strong>de</strong> los servicios ofrecidos por esta entidad estatal. Sin embargo, la PolicíaNacional informó que por solicitud <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong>l Interior y <strong>de</strong> Justicia, la Policía


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 96Metropolitana <strong>de</strong>l Valle <strong>de</strong> Aburrá brindó protección especial al Sr. Molano en el hotel don<strong>de</strong> sehospedó durante un viaje que realizó a Me<strong>de</strong>llín entre el 12 y 17 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009. LaPolicía aciaró que esta protección sólo se brindó en horas <strong>de</strong> la noche ya que el Ministerio <strong>de</strong>lInterior y <strong>de</strong> Justicia especificó que durante el día el Sr. Molano estarla acompañando por suactual esquema <strong>de</strong> protección.Observaciones617. La Relatora Especial agra<strong>de</strong>ce las respuestas <strong>de</strong>talladas que el Gobierno <strong>de</strong> Colombia haproporcionado en relación con las comunicaciones enviadas y expresa su satisfacción por elhecho <strong>de</strong> que se hayan iniciado investigaciones y procesos <strong>de</strong> protección en varios <strong>de</strong> los casos.De otro lado, la Relatora Especial lamenta que al momento <strong>de</strong> la finalización <strong>de</strong>l presenteinforme no había recibido respuesta a sus comunicaciones <strong>de</strong>l 21 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 28 <strong>de</strong>enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 9 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 20 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 9 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 28 <strong>de</strong>abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 29 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 15 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 23 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 13 <strong>de</strong>julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 30 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 23 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 30 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 16 <strong>de</strong>noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 1 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 y el 10 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009. La RelatoraEspecial consi<strong>de</strong>ra que al respon<strong>de</strong>r a las comunicaciones representa un elemento fundamentalpara la cooperación <strong>de</strong> los Estados con el mandato, es por ello que insta al gobierno colombianoa que le proporcione una respuesta tratando los asuntos mencionados.618. Para observaciones generales sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos en Colombia, la Relatora Especial quisiera hacer referencia a las conclusiones yrecomendaciones contenidas en el informe elaborado <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> su visita al país, que tuvo lugar<strong>de</strong>l 7 al 18 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 atendiendo a una invitación <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno(A/HRC/13/22/Add.3).Lettre d’allégationsCongo (Republic of the)619. Le 27 mars 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécial surla promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, a envoyé une lettred’allégations concernant la mort <strong>de</strong> M. Bruno Ossebi, journaliste <strong>de</strong> <strong>national</strong>ité française etcongolaise, qui travaillait pour le journal Mwinda. Selon les informations reçues:620. Le soir du 21 janvier 2009, un incendie aurait eu lieu dans la maison <strong>de</strong> M. Bruno Ossebiqui aurait provoqué la mort <strong>de</strong> sa compagne et <strong>de</strong> ses enfants âgés <strong>de</strong> 8 et 10 ans. M. BrunoOssebi aurait été transféré à l’hôpital militaire avec <strong>de</strong>s brûlures au second <strong>de</strong>gré sur 30 pourcent <strong>de</strong> son corps. Il serait décédé le 1 février 2009, malgré <strong>de</strong>s améliorations antérieures <strong>de</strong> sonétat <strong>de</strong> santé, et ce le jour précédant son évacuation médicale vers la France.621. L’incendie du 21 janvier 2009 aurait été précédé <strong>de</strong> la publication d’un article par M.Bruno Ossebi dans le journal Mwinda, alléguant <strong>de</strong>s cas <strong>de</strong> corruption au sein du Gouvernement,en particulier le Prési<strong>de</strong>nt Denis Sassou-Nguesso. L’article contenait un entretien avec M.Benjamin Toungamani, dissi<strong>de</strong>nt politique en exil. Il est aussi rapporté que le même soir du 21janvier 2009, un autre incendie aurait été enregistré à la maison <strong>de</strong> M. Benjamin Toungamani,


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 97sans avoir causé <strong>de</strong> blessures. Le Bureau <strong>de</strong> Procureur aurait ouvert une investigation, néanmoinssans résultat à ce jour.622. En outre, il est rapporté que MM. Bruno Ossebi et Benjamin Toungamani planifiaient <strong>de</strong>porter plainte en France contre le Prési<strong>de</strong>nt Denis Sassou-Nguesso ainsi que contre les Prési<strong>de</strong>nts<strong>de</strong> pays voisins, la Guinée Equatoriale et le Gabon.623. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que les décès <strong>de</strong> M. Bruno Ossebi, <strong>de</strong> sa femmeet <strong>de</strong> ses <strong>de</strong>ux enfants soient liés aux activités non-violentes <strong>de</strong> celui-ci en matière <strong>de</strong> promotionet protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme, notamment dans l’exercice <strong>de</strong> son droit à la libertéd’opinion et d’expression.Observations624. La Rapporteuse spéciale regrette, au moment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport,l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse à la communication en date du 27 mars 2009. Elle exhorte leGouvernement à répondre au plus vite aux très sérieuses craintes exprimées dans celle-ci,notamment en fournissant <strong>de</strong>s informations précises sur les enquêtes menées afin <strong>de</strong> traduire enjustice les auteurs <strong>de</strong>s faits. Elle considère les réponses à ses communications comme partieintégrante <strong>de</strong> la coopération <strong>de</strong>s gouvernements avec son mandat.Llamamiento urgenteCuba625. El 2 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con los actos <strong>de</strong> acoso y las amenazas contra losSres. Juan Carlos González Leiva, abogado invi<strong>de</strong>nte y el Director Ejecutivo <strong>de</strong>l Consejo <strong>de</strong>Relatores <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> Cuba (CRDHC), Sergio Díaz Larrastegui, integrante <strong>de</strong>lCRDHC, Julio Romero Muñoz, coordinador <strong>de</strong>l Movimiento Solidario Expresión Libre(MOSEL) en la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Camagüey, y Alejandro García Cruz, vice-coordinador <strong>de</strong>l ComitéCiudadano Contra los Malos Tratos <strong>de</strong>l MOSEL.626. El CRDHC tiene como objetivo el monitoreo y seguimiento <strong>de</strong> la situación <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos en Cuba. El Sr González Leiva ha sido ya objeto <strong>de</strong> comunicaciones <strong>de</strong> laRepresentante Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos que enviócartas el 1 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2007 y el 8 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2006. Ninguna respuesta fue recibida por laRepresentante Especial.627. El MOSEL tiene como objetivo lograr la transformación <strong>de</strong> las leyes <strong>de</strong>l país para bien <strong>de</strong>la dignidad <strong>de</strong> cada ciudadano cubano. El CRDHC y el Comité Contra los Malos Tratos <strong>de</strong>lMOSEL han transmitido informes sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en Cuba al proceso<strong>de</strong>l Examen Periódico Universal (EPU) <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas sobre Cuba que se realizará elpróximo 5 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009. Ambos grupos han notado un patrón <strong>de</strong> represalias en el contexto<strong>de</strong> sus sumisiones al EPU.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 98628. Según la nueva información recibida, en horas <strong>de</strong> la mañana <strong>de</strong>l 21 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, elSr. González Leiva habría recibido cinco mensajes amenazadores e injuriosos <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> oficinas <strong>de</strong>comunicaciones <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno y llamadas que habrían marcado números <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el centroETECSA, controlado por la Seguridad <strong>de</strong>l Estado y a través <strong>de</strong>l teléfono móvil.629. Durante 2008, previa y posteriormente a la preparación y el envío <strong>de</strong>l informe sobre los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos al Comité que se encarga <strong>de</strong>l procedimiento <strong>de</strong>l Examen Periódico Universal,las autorida<strong>de</strong>s cubanas habrían intensificado la represión contra el CRDHC. El 1 <strong>de</strong> noviembre<strong>de</strong>l 2008, el CRDHC habría sido <strong>de</strong>salojado <strong>de</strong> la vivienda don<strong>de</strong> funcionaba su oficina <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong>hace 16 meses, como resultado <strong>de</strong> las presiones <strong>de</strong> Seguridad <strong>de</strong>l Estado a la dueña <strong>de</strong> dichaoficina.630. El CRDHC encontró otra vivienda pero les cortaron totalmente la línea telefónica.Seguridad <strong>de</strong>l Estado habría acosado a su propietario, el invi<strong>de</strong>nte Sr. Díaz Larrastegui. El 9 <strong>de</strong>enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, habría sido expulsado <strong>de</strong> su centro <strong>de</strong> trabajo en la Corporación <strong>de</strong> InformáticaCOPEXTEL, don<strong>de</strong> se <strong>de</strong>sempeñaba como especialista en gestión <strong>de</strong> la información. LaSeguridad <strong>de</strong>l Estado le habría retirado la computadora imprescindible, no sólo para su trabajo,sino para el <strong>de</strong>sempeño <strong>de</strong> su vida personal y la superación social <strong>de</strong> su discapacidad física.631. En diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, oficiales <strong>de</strong> Villa Marista, se<strong>de</strong> nacional <strong>de</strong> Seguridad <strong>de</strong>l Estado,habrían amenazado al Sr. Díaz Larrastegui. La Seguridad <strong>de</strong>l Estado habría reunido a los vecinosy habría instrumentado una pesquisa casa por casa para expulsar el CRDHC, para lo cual habríadado <strong>de</strong> plazo hasta el día 1 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009.632. El Sr. Sergio Díaz Larrastegui habría recibido llamadas telefónicas <strong>de</strong> la policía políticaque lo habría aterrorizado, le habría exigido que coopere con ellos, que le brin<strong>de</strong> todo tipo <strong>de</strong>información y que permita la instalación <strong>de</strong> cámaras y vi<strong>de</strong>os <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> la vivienda. Otrosmiembros <strong>de</strong>l CRDHC habrían sido seguidos por oficiales <strong>de</strong> Seguridad <strong>de</strong>l Estado y les habríanhecho saber que la vivienda se encuentra bajo vigilancia y control día y noche.633. En los últimos meses, el CRDHC habría sufridos a<strong>de</strong>más la quema <strong>de</strong> los equipos <strong>de</strong>grabación y la introducción <strong>de</strong> virus en sus computadoras,634. En relación con el acoso contra el MOSEL, el 21 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, a las 14.00horas, el Sr. García Cruz, habría sido visitado en su vivienda por un capitán local <strong>de</strong> la policíaquien le habría amenazado. El día 9 <strong>de</strong> diciembre, el Sr. García Cruz habría sido <strong>de</strong>tenido en lavía pública, se le habrían retirado los documentos <strong>de</strong> i<strong>de</strong>ntidad para obligarle a comparecer a laSegunda Unidad <strong>de</strong> la Policía Nacional.635. Se expresó temor que estos actos <strong>de</strong> acoso y hostigamiento contra los Sres. Juan CarlosGonzález Leiva, Sergio Díaz Larrastegui, Julio Romero Muñoz y Alejandro García Cruzpodrían estar relacionados con sus trabajos legítimos en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos enCuba, y específicamente por su participación en el proceso <strong>de</strong>l Examen Periódico Universal. Envista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido, se expresó preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> losSres. Juan Carlos González Leiva, Sergio Díaz Larrastegui, Julio Romero Muñoz y AlejandroGarcía Cruz.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 99Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno636. En una carta fechada el 4 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009 el Gobierno respondió al llamamientourgente. Según la carta las alegaciones presentadas carecen totalmente <strong>de</strong> fundamento. Seinformó que, en Cuba, el Estado es el garante <strong>de</strong> la promoción y protección <strong>de</strong> todos los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos para todos los ciudadanos, y ninguna persona es acosada, amenazada u hostigada porrazones relacionada con el disfrute <strong>de</strong> sus <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.637. Se expresó la preocupación <strong>de</strong> Cuba por el uso <strong>de</strong>l idioma español en el texto <strong>de</strong>lllamamiento. El Gobierno pidió que se tome mayor cuidado en la elaboración <strong>de</strong> este tipo <strong>de</strong>llamamientos.638. Se informó que las personas a las que se refiere el llamamiento no son <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y que todos están incluidos en la nómina <strong>de</strong> asalariados <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno <strong>de</strong>Estados Unidos en la ejecución <strong>de</strong> su política <strong>de</strong> hostilidad, bloqueo y agresiones contra elGobierno Cubano.639. Asimismo, se señaló que ninguna <strong>de</strong> las organizaciones mencionadas opera en Cuba enactivida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos. Todos los objetivos <strong>de</strong>scritos con relación a lasmismas fueron copiados <strong>de</strong> los estatutos <strong>de</strong> varias <strong>de</strong> las más <strong>de</strong> 2200 organizaciones nogubernamentales que si <strong>de</strong>fien<strong>de</strong>n los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en Cuba.640. Se informó que todas las alegaciones fueron investigadas, una por una, que todas sonfalsas y fabricadas con el menor pudor y ética y que ninguna correspon<strong>de</strong> con ningún hechoocurrido.641. Se informó también que las autorida<strong>de</strong>s en Cuba no amenazan telefónicamente, nireprimen, <strong>de</strong>salojan <strong>de</strong> sus viviendas, cortan líneas telefónicas, expulsan <strong>de</strong> centros <strong>de</strong> trabajos,confiscan computadoras, amenazan <strong>de</strong> cualquier otro modo, someten a vigilancia diurna ynocturna viviendas, queman equipos <strong>de</strong> grabación, introducen virus a computadoras; tampocoretiran documentos e i<strong>de</strong>ntidad <strong>de</strong> modo arbitrario a ciudadano alguno.642. En Cuba la Ley se respeta y se aplica <strong>de</strong> modo escrito. Nadie queda sujeto a modo alguno<strong>de</strong> acoso, amenaza u hostilidad.643. Cuba confirmó la voluntad <strong>de</strong> seguir cooperando con sus labores y por tanto, aun cuandocomo en este caso, se trate <strong>de</strong> burdas fabricaciones, no dudaremos en respon<strong>de</strong>r.Llamamiento urgente644. El 3 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento contra mujeresmiembros <strong>de</strong>l colectivo conocido como Las Damas <strong>de</strong> Blanco, inclusive la <strong>de</strong>tención temporal<strong>de</strong> tres <strong>de</strong> ellas, las Sras. Maritza Castro, Ivonne Mayesa Galano y Neris Castillo a<strong>de</strong>más <strong>de</strong>las amenazas contra la Sra. Ariana Montoya Aguilar.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 100645. Las Damas <strong>de</strong> Blanco es una organización <strong>de</strong> familiares <strong>de</strong> disi<strong>de</strong>ntes políticosencarcelados. Las Damas <strong>de</strong> Blanco organizan marchas pacíficas en las que reparten flores ypi<strong>de</strong>n la liberación <strong>de</strong> sus familiares y amigos aún en prisión. En 2005, este grupo recibió elPremio Sajarov a la Libertad <strong>de</strong> Conciencia, otorgado por el Parlamento Europeo.646. Las Damas <strong>de</strong> Blanco ya fue sujeto <strong>de</strong> varias comunicaciones <strong>de</strong> la Relatora Especialsobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos que envió cartas al Gobierno <strong>de</strong> Cubael 7 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2008, el 19 <strong>de</strong> mayo 2008 y el 8 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2008. La Relatora Especialagra<strong>de</strong>ció las respuestas proporcionada por el Gobierno <strong>de</strong> Cuba fechada el 16 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2008,el 22 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2008 y el 22 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2008.647. Según la información recibida, el 10 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Ivonne Mallesa habríasido <strong>de</strong>tenida brevemente por el Departamento <strong>de</strong> Seguridad <strong>de</strong>l Estado (DSE) cubano, trashaber sido <strong>de</strong>tenida anteriormente y liberada dos días antes.648. El 8 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, agentes <strong>de</strong>l DSE habrían tratado <strong>de</strong> impedir la participación <strong>de</strong>varios miembros <strong>de</strong> las Damas <strong>de</strong> Blanco en un evento con motivo <strong>de</strong>l Día Internacional <strong>de</strong> laMujer. Habrían sido arrestadas las Sras. Maritza Castro, Ivonne Mayesa Gallano y Neris Castillo,mientras que a otras Damas, se les habría impedido salir <strong>de</strong> su vivienda para dirigirse almencionado evento.649. Según las <strong>de</strong>nuncias, anteriormente, el 19 <strong>de</strong> febrero 2009, hacia las 15h30, las Sras.Maritza Castro e Ivonne Mayesa Galano habrían sido <strong>de</strong>tenidas cuando se habrían encontrada enla Calzada <strong>de</strong> Buenos Aires en San Julio y Durege, en el municipio Cerro <strong>de</strong> La Habana. Habríansido conducidas luego a la Cuarta Unidad policial <strong>de</strong>l municipio capitalino <strong>de</strong> Cerro, en don<strong>de</strong>habrían sido sometidas a tres horas <strong>de</strong> intenso interrogatorio por agentes <strong>de</strong> la Sección 21 <strong>de</strong>lDSE.650. Las Sras. Maritza Castro e Ivonne Mayesa Galano habrían sido interrogadas en particularpor el hecho que ellas habrían formado parte, junto a otros miembros <strong>de</strong> las Damas <strong>de</strong> Blanco,<strong>de</strong>l grupo que acompañó a la Sra. Noelia Peraza Jiménez durante la noche <strong>de</strong>l 18 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong>2009, frente al Hospital Militar "Carlos J. Finlay" en la Habana, con el fin <strong>de</strong> expresar susolidaridad con su marido, el prisionero <strong>de</strong> conciencia Sr. Sigler Amaya, quien habría llevadocinco meses ingresado en dicho hospital. Las Damas <strong>de</strong> Blanco habrían reclamado a<strong>de</strong>más laentrega <strong>de</strong>l diagnóstico médico sobre el activista preso. Después <strong>de</strong> este hecho, las Sras. MaritzaCastro e Ivonne Mayesa Galano habrían sido subidas por la fuerza a un autobús y habríanrecibido golpes y empujones <strong>de</strong> los agentes, quienes luego las habrían conducido a sus casas. Enesa ocasión habrían sido advertidas por oficiales <strong>de</strong> la Seguridad <strong>de</strong>l Estado <strong>de</strong> que no participenen ninguna actividad durante la semana <strong>de</strong>l 16 <strong>de</strong> marzo 2009.651. El 10 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Ariana Montoya Aguilar, también miembro <strong>de</strong> lasDamas <strong>de</strong> Blanco, habría sido visitada por un agente <strong>de</strong>l DSE en su casa, en el Barrio Vedado <strong>de</strong>la Habana y éste habría procedido a prohibirle terminantemente que acudiera a la Iglesia <strong>de</strong>Santa Rita <strong>de</strong> Casia, uno <strong>de</strong> los lugares en don<strong>de</strong> se reúnen habitualmente las Damas <strong>de</strong> Blanco.652. En visto <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumida se expresó temor que el hostigamiento contra las Sras.Maritza Castro, Ivonne Mayesa Galano y Neris Castillo y las amenazas contra la Sra. ArianaMontoya Aguilar podrían estar relacionados con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 101humanos, en particular, su ejercicio pacífico <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> expresión. Asimismo, seexpresó preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> las Sras. Maritza Castro, IvonneMayesa Galano, Neris Castillo y Ariana Montoya Aguilar y <strong>de</strong> las mujeres miembros <strong>de</strong> lasDamas <strong>de</strong> Blanco.Llamamiento urgente653. El 23 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con la Sra. María Nélida López Báez, fotógrafa<strong>de</strong> la asociación <strong>de</strong> periodistas "Centro <strong>de</strong> Información Hablemos Press" (CIHPRESS).654. Según las informaciones recibidas, la Sra. María Nélida López Báez fue arrestada el 16<strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009 en La Habana por agentes <strong>de</strong> Seguridad <strong>de</strong>l Estado. Su hijo recibió la visita <strong>de</strong>una mujer a las 7.00 horas <strong>de</strong>l 16 <strong>de</strong> junio, quien le entregó la cartera y prendas <strong>de</strong> su madre. Lavisitante le informó que su madre había sido arrestada dicha mañana mientras se dirigía a la se<strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>l CIHPRESS. El lugar don<strong>de</strong> se encuentra <strong>de</strong>tenida no fue especificado. Informó también queel arresto se produjo porque la Sra. López Báez es objeto <strong>de</strong> un procedimiento por "peligrosidadsocial pre-<strong>de</strong>lictiva". Se afirma que esta disposición permite <strong>de</strong>tener a una persona aunque nohaya cometido ningún <strong>de</strong>lito, en nombre <strong>de</strong> la amenaza potencial que pue<strong>de</strong> representar para lasociedad.655. La Sra. López Báez habría sido objeto <strong>de</strong> tres interpelaciones ante las autorida<strong>de</strong>s durantemayo <strong>de</strong> 2009.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno656. En una carta fechada el 3 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 el Gobierno respondió al llamamientourgente e informó que las alegaciones incluidas en la comunicación son falsas.657. Según la carta, resultan falsas las alegaciones que la Sra. López Baéz habría sidosometida a un proceso por “peligrosidad social pre <strong>de</strong>lictiva” y que habría sido objeto <strong>de</strong> tresinterpretaciones ante las autorida<strong>de</strong>s cubanas durante mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009.658. Se señaló que la Sra. López Baéz no ha sido objeto <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tención alguna y tampoco seencuentra sujeta a un proceso por Estado Peligroso.659. Según la carta la Sra. López Baéz y su hijo están <strong>de</strong>sempleados y se <strong>de</strong>dican al comercioilegal <strong>de</strong> prendas <strong>de</strong> vestir.660. Se informó que en febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, con el proposito <strong>de</strong> obtener financiamiento ysupuesta protección ante las consecuencias <strong>de</strong> sus activida<strong>de</strong>s ilícitas, la Sra. López Baézestableció relaciones con el “Centro <strong>de</strong> Información Hablemos PRESS”.661. Según la carta, el Centro <strong>de</strong> Información Hablemos PESS es una agrupación extranjeraque viola elementales <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong>l pueblo cubano. No constituye una organización nogubernamental que actue en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos; por otro lado, atenta contra los<strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong>l pueblo cubano.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 102662. Asimismo, se expresó la opinión <strong>de</strong> que la Sra. López Baéz y el Centro <strong>de</strong> informaciónHablemos PRESS no califican en el concepto <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos segúnestablece el texto <strong>de</strong> la Declaración sobre los Defensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.663. Se reiteró que en Cuba ninguna persona es <strong>de</strong>tenida o sancionada por el disfrute <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos y que en Cuba la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión alcanza su más plena realización. A<strong>de</strong>más, sereiteró que en Cuba, por mandato constitucional, se respetan y protegan todos los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos y liberta<strong>de</strong>s fundamentales <strong>de</strong> todos sus ciudadanos sin distinción <strong>de</strong> ninguna especie.664. Cuba expresó su esperanza <strong>de</strong> que el llamamiento sea <strong>de</strong>scontinuado.Observaciones665. La Relatora Especial agra<strong>de</strong>ce las respuestas <strong>de</strong>talladas que el Gobierno <strong>de</strong> Cuba haproporcionado. Sin embargo la Relatora Especial lamenta que al finalizar este informe, no sehabía recibido una respuesta a la comunicación <strong>de</strong>l 3 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009. La Relatora Especialconsi<strong>de</strong>ra que al respon<strong>de</strong>r a las comunicaciones representa un elemento fundamental para lacooperación <strong>de</strong> los Estados con el mandato, es por ello que insta al gobierno cubano a que leproporcione una respuesta tratando los asuntos mencionados.666. Asimismo, la Relatora Especial insta al Gobierno a que elabore informacionesadicionales y resultados concretos <strong>de</strong> las investigaciones mencionadas en las respuestas recibidas,incluyendo las medidas que se hayan impuesto para sancionar a los responsables y para protegera los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y sus familiares.Urgent appealDemocratic People’s Republic of Korea667. On 2 April 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on thesituation of human rights in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and the SpecialRapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, send an urgent appeal tothe Government in relation to U.S citizens Ms Laura Ling and Ms Euna Lee, journalists withthe San Francisco based online television station Current TV.668. According to information received, on 17 March 2009, Ms Ling, Ms Lee and theircameraman Mr Mitch Koss were arrested by North Korean authorities on the bor<strong>de</strong>r betweenNorth Korea and China. They were on a reporting assignment to investigate the allegedtrafficking and sale of women from North Korea into China. It is not clear whether Ms Ling andMs Lee were arrested on North Korean territory. Several sources suggest that North Koreanbor<strong>de</strong>r guards may have crossed the Tumen river (that forms the bor<strong>de</strong>r) while they were filmingon the Chinese bank.669. Ms Ling and Ms Lee are currently being held in Pyongyang on charges of entering NorthKorea “illegally” and of carrying out “hostile activities”. If convicted they face a sentence of upto 10 years of forced labour. A Swedish diplomat has been allowed to visit them in Pyongyang.Mr Koss, who managed to escape from the North Korean bor<strong>de</strong>r guards, was <strong>de</strong>tained for several


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 103days by Chinese authorities before being <strong>de</strong>ported. Their gui<strong>de</strong>, a Chinese citizen of NorthKorean origin, is reportedly still being <strong>de</strong>tained by the Chinese police.670. Concern was expressed that the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of Ms Lee and Ms Ling may belinked to their activities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, in particular their investigative reporting intothe alleged trafficking and sale of women between the North Korean and Chinese bor<strong>de</strong>rs.Further concern was expressed that the actions taken by the authorities may represent a directattempt to prevent in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt reporting in North Korea, thus stifling freedom of expression inthe country.Response from the Government671. In a letter dated 8 April 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on 2April 2009. In its response the Government noted that it did not feel any need to respond to suchcommunications as they attempt to impertinently instruct a sovereign state to do this or thatbased on distorted information.672. Furthermore, the Government informed that, as already known, two American reporterswere <strong>de</strong>tained on 17 March 2009, as a result of their illegal entry into DPRK territory bycrossing the DPRK-China bor<strong>de</strong>r and hostile acts.673. While the investigation is un<strong>de</strong>rway, consular contact is allowed and treatment is given inaccordance with relevant inter<strong>national</strong> laws. The Government also enclosed copies of the reportsof the Korean Central News Agency on this matter.Observations674. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government for its response to hercommunication. In this connection, she wishes to reiterate that in accordance with the provisionsof the Co<strong>de</strong> of Conduct (Human Rights Council resolution 5/2), Special Procedures mandatehol<strong>de</strong>rs are entitled to send communications on individual cases falling within the scope of theirrespective mandates, and this should by no means viewed as instructing a sovereign State.Lettre d’allégationsDemocratic Republic of the Congo675. Le 19 mars 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécial surla promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, a envoyé une lettred’allégations sur la situation <strong>de</strong> MM. Floribert Chebeya Bahizire, Directeur Exécutif <strong>de</strong> laVoix <strong>de</strong>s Sans Voix pour les Droits <strong>de</strong> l’Homme (VSV) et Secrétaire Exécutif National duRéseau National <strong>de</strong>s ONGs <strong>de</strong>s Droits <strong>de</strong> l’Homme <strong>de</strong> la République Démocratique du Congo(RENADHOC), Dolly Ibefo Mbfunga, Directeur Exécutif Adjoint <strong>de</strong> la VSV, Donat Tshikaya,Chargé <strong>de</strong> réception au RENADHOC, et Coco Tanda, caméraman pour Canal NumériqueTélévision (CNTV). M. Chebeya Bahizire a fait l'objet <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux appels urgents envoyés parl'ancienne Représentante Spéciale du Secrétaire Général sur la situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits<strong>de</strong> l'homme le 16 juillet 2004 et le 14 août 2006.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 104676. Selon les informations reçues, le 15 mars 2009, à la suite d'une conférence <strong>de</strong> presse surles actuelles tensions interinstitutionnelles en République démocratique du Congo qui s’est tenueau siège du RENADHOC, dans la commune <strong>de</strong> Barumbu, MM. Floribert Chebeya Bahizire,Dolly Ibefo Mbfunga, Donat Tshikaya et Coco Tanda auraient été arrêtés par un groupe d’agentsarmés <strong>de</strong> la police <strong>national</strong>e congolaise. Ils auraient ensuite été conduits au siège <strong>de</strong> l’Agence<strong>national</strong>e <strong>de</strong>s renseignements (ANR). Ils seraient présentement détenus à la prison <strong>de</strong> KinMazière. Du matériel informatique et <strong>de</strong> bureau, ainsi qu’une caméra <strong>de</strong> la chaîne privée CanalCongo TV, auraient été saisis par les forces <strong>de</strong> l’ordre.677. L’objectif <strong>de</strong> cette conférence <strong>de</strong> presse était notamment d’annoncer une marchepacifique et un rassemblement <strong>de</strong>vant le Palais du Peuple que la Synergie <strong>de</strong>s ONGs <strong>de</strong> laSociété Civile <strong>de</strong> la RDC avait prévu d’organiser le lundi 16 mars 2009, en vue <strong>de</strong> remettre unmémorandum aux Prési<strong>de</strong>nts du Sénat et <strong>de</strong> l’Assemblée <strong>national</strong>e « pour la sauvegar<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> ladémocratie en RDC ».678. De sérieuses préoccupations ont été exprimées quant au fait que l’arrestation et ladétention <strong>de</strong> MM. Floribert Chebeya Bahizire, Dolly Ibefo Mbfunga, Donat Tshikaya et CocoTanda soient liées à leurs activités non-violentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong>l’homme.Appel urgent679. Le 29 juillet 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec la Prési<strong>de</strong>nte-Rapporteurdu Groupe <strong>de</strong> Travail sur la détention arbitraire, du Rapporteur spécial sur la promotion et laprotection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, du Rapporteur spécial sur la torture etautres peines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou dégradants, a envoyé un appel urgent sur lasituation <strong>de</strong> M. Gol<strong>de</strong>n Misabiko, Prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> l'Association africaine pour la défense <strong>de</strong>s droits<strong>de</strong> l'Homme (ASADHO)/Katanga. M. Misabiko a fait l’objet <strong>de</strong> communications envoyéesrespectivement le 7 janvier 2005, le 24 mai 2005 et le 6 juin 2005. Aucune réponse à ces troiscommunications n’a été reçue à ce jour.680. Selon les informations reçues, le 24 juillet 2009, suite à une convocation, M. Misabiko etM. Thimothée Mbuya, Vice-Prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> l'ASADHO/Katanga, se seraient rendus en débutd’après-midi à la direction provinciale <strong>de</strong> l’Agence <strong>national</strong>e <strong>de</strong>s renseignements (ANR) àLubumbashi où ils auraient été interrogés sur la publication d’un rapport publié le 13 juillet 2009par l’ASADHO/Katanga intitulé : « Mine uranifère <strong>de</strong> Shinkolobwe: <strong>de</strong> l’exploitation illiciteartisanale à l’accord entre la RD Congo et le groupe nucléaire français AREVA ». Dans cerapport, l’ASADHO/Katanga dénonçait la poursuite clan<strong>de</strong>stine <strong>de</strong> l’exploitation <strong>de</strong> la mineuranifère <strong>de</strong> Shinkolobwe, suite à sa fermeture officielle par décret prési<strong>de</strong>ntiel nº 04/17 du 27janvier 2004 portant classement <strong>de</strong> Shinkolobwe comme zone interdite à l'activité minière. Selonl’ASADHO/Katanga, les exploitants bénéficieraient <strong>de</strong> la complicité <strong>de</strong> membres <strong>de</strong>s Forcesarmées <strong>de</strong> la RDC, <strong>de</strong> la Police <strong>national</strong>e congolaise et <strong>de</strong> l’Auditorat militaire. Le 22 juillet, lesautorités provinciales civiles et militaires auraient dépêché à Shinkolobwe une mission <strong>de</strong>vérification <strong>de</strong>s allégations <strong>de</strong> l'ASADHO-Katanga, à laquelle l'ASADHO-Katanga aurait refusé<strong>de</strong> participer au motif que les militaires impliqués dans l'exploitation illicite auraient reçu l’ordre<strong>de</strong> quitter les lieux avant l’arrivée <strong>de</strong> la délégation.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 105681. M. Mbuya aurait été libéré le 24 juillet en début <strong>de</strong> soirée et M. Misabiko aurait passé lanuit dans le cachot <strong>de</strong> l’ANR. Le 25 juillet, M. Misabiko aurait été transféré vers le Parquet duTribunal <strong>de</strong> gran<strong>de</strong> instance (TGI) <strong>de</strong> Lubumbashi et serait <strong>de</strong>puis détenu au dépôt du TGI. M.Misabiko serait accusé d' « atteinte à la sûreté <strong>de</strong> l'Etat », <strong>de</strong> « diffamation » et <strong>de</strong> « mouvementsubversif ». Le 28 juillet, M. Misabiko aurait été présenté en chambre du Conseil pourrégulariser sa détention conformément à la procédure pénale congolaise. Le Ministère publicaurait sollicité la prorogation <strong>de</strong> la détention arguant qu’il attendait que l’ANR régularise le PVd’audition car celui-ci serait entaché d’irrégularités (sans i<strong>de</strong>ntité, ni signature <strong>de</strong> l’Officier <strong>de</strong>police judiciaire instructeur) et que le rapport <strong>de</strong> l’ASADHO/Katanga lui soit transmis. Lesavocats <strong>de</strong> M. Misabiko auraient invoqué l’irrégularité <strong>de</strong> la détention et ainsi introduit unerequête <strong>de</strong> mise en liberté provisoire. Le délibéré sur cette question <strong>de</strong>vrait être rendu le 29 juillet2009.682. De sérieuses craintes ont été exprimées quant au fait que l’audition <strong>de</strong> MM. Misabiko etMbuya et la subséquente détention préventive <strong>de</strong> M. Misabiko soient liées à leurs activités <strong>de</strong>défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme, et ce dans l’exercice <strong>de</strong> leur droit à la liberté d’opinion etd’expression. De sérieuses craintes ont également été exprimées pour l’intégrité physique etmentale <strong>de</strong> M. Misabiko durant sa détention, notamment à la lumière <strong>de</strong> précé<strong>de</strong>nts actes <strong>de</strong>torture et <strong>de</strong> mauvais traitements qu’il avait subis lors <strong>de</strong> sa détention par l’ANR en 2001. M.Misabiko s’était par la suite rendu en Suè<strong>de</strong> où il avait reçu <strong>de</strong> longs traitements médicaux pourles blessures infligées en détention.Lettre d’allégations683. Le 14 août 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécial sur lapromotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, concernant la situation<strong>de</strong> MM. Dismas Kitenge, prési<strong>de</strong>nt du Groupe Lotus et vice-prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> la FIDH, FloribertChebeya, prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> la Voix <strong>de</strong>s sans voix (VSV), Timothé Mbuya, vice-prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> lasection <strong>de</strong> l'ASADHO dans la province du Katanga, Jean-Marie Kabanga, membre du Grouped'action non violente évangélique et Elie Kadima, membre du Mouvement pour les droits <strong>de</strong>l'Homme et la réconciliation et XX, journaliste <strong>de</strong> radio Okapi.684. Selon les informations reçues, le 7 août 2009, une manifestation rapportée commepacifique et organisée par un collectif <strong>de</strong> 17 organisations <strong>de</strong> la société civile congolaise se seraittenue <strong>de</strong>vant le Gouvernorat <strong>de</strong> Lubumbashi pour exiger la libération <strong>de</strong> M. Gol<strong>de</strong>n Misabiko,Prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> l'Association africaine pour la défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'Homme (ASADHO)/Katanga,détenu <strong>de</strong>puis le 24 juillet 2009 suite à la publication du rapport <strong>de</strong> l’ASADHO/Katanga intitulé :« Mine uranifère <strong>de</strong> Shinkolobwe: <strong>de</strong> l’exploitation illicite artisanale à l’accord entre la RDCongo et le groupe nucléaire français AREVA ». Alors que les manifestants quittaient leGouvernorat, un escadron <strong>de</strong> la police mobile armé les aurait stoppés, leur aurait arraché uneban<strong>de</strong>role avant <strong>de</strong> molester plusieurs manifestants. MM. Dismas Kitenge, Floribert Chebeya,Timothé Mbuya, Jean-Marie Kabanga et Elie Kadima auraient été arrêtés et conduits au poste <strong>de</strong>police <strong>de</strong> Lubumbashi. Il leur aurait été d’une part reproché d'avoir manifesté sans autorisation,alors qu’ils avaient informé les autorités locales plus d’une semaine auparavant, conformément àl’article 26 <strong>de</strong> la Constitution <strong>de</strong> la RDC qui prévoit un régime d’information; et d’autre part<strong>de</strong>mandé <strong>de</strong> fournir les preuves attestant du caractère illégal et illicite <strong>de</strong> l’exploitation artisanale<strong>de</strong> la mine uranifère <strong>de</strong> Shinkolobwe.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 106685. Après un interrogatoire d’une heure trente, MM. Dismas Kitenge, Floribert Chebeya,Timothé Mbuya, Jean-Marie Kabanga, et Elie Kadima auraient été informés qu’ils allaient êtreconduits dans les locaux <strong>de</strong> l’Agence <strong>national</strong>e <strong>de</strong>s renseignements (ANR). Finalement, ilsauraient été amenés au siège du gouvernorat <strong>de</strong> Lubumbashi où ils auraient été libérés.686. En marge <strong>de</strong> ces arrestations, M. XX aurait été giflé et molesté par <strong>de</strong>s éléments <strong>de</strong>l’ANR qui auraient tenté <strong>de</strong> le faire entrer à l’intérieur <strong>de</strong> leur véhicule non immatriculée et luiauraient ravi son matériel radiophonique, en dépit <strong>de</strong> la présentation <strong>de</strong> son badge <strong>de</strong> journaliste<strong>de</strong> Radio Okapi.687. Des craintes ont été exprimées quant au fait que les arrestations <strong>de</strong> MM. Dismas Kitenge,Floribert Chebeya, Timothé Mbuya, Jean-Marie Kabanga et Elie Kadima soient liées à leursactivités non-violentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. Des craintes ontégalement été exprimées quant à l’usage <strong>de</strong> la force par les forces <strong>de</strong> l’ordre contre lesmanifestants pacifiques et contre M. XX. Enfin, <strong>de</strong> sérieuses craintes ont été réitérées quant à lasituation <strong>de</strong> M. Gol<strong>de</strong>n Bisako qui a fait l’objet d’un appel urgent envoyé le 29 juillet 2009 par laPrési<strong>de</strong>nte-Rapporteur du Groupe <strong>de</strong> Travail sur la détention arbitraire, le Rapporteur spécial surla promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, le Rapporteur spécialsur la torture et autres peines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou dégradants et la Rapporteusespéciale sur la situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme.Appel urgent688. Le 7 septembre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Vice-Prési<strong>de</strong>ntRapporteur du Groupe <strong>de</strong> Travail sur la détention arbitraire, le Rapporteur spécial sur lapromotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression et le Rapporteur spécialsur la torture et autres peines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou dégradants, a envoyé un appelurgent concernant la situation <strong>de</strong> M. Robert Llunga Numbi, prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>national</strong> <strong>de</strong>s Amis <strong>de</strong>Nelson Man<strong>de</strong>la pour la défense <strong>de</strong>s droits humains (ANMDH), Mme Marie-Thérèse Kalonda,chargée <strong>de</strong> programme à l'ANMDH, M. Jean-Paul Itupa, chargé <strong>de</strong>s Relations publiques au sein<strong>de</strong> la section ANMDH <strong>de</strong> Kalamu et M. Ndumba Toutou. L’ANMDH est une organisationcongolaise <strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme œuvrant dans la province du Bas- Congo.689. Selon les informations reçues, le 31 août 2009, vers 16 h, M. Llunga Numbi, MmeMarie-Thérèse Kalonda, M. Jean-Paul Itupa et M. Ndumba Toutou auraient été arrêtés sur leurlieu <strong>de</strong> travail à Matonge.690. Mme Kalonda, M. Itupa et M. Toutou auraient été libérés dans la soirée du 31 août. M.Llunga Numbi serait toujours détenu dans les locaux <strong>de</strong> l'Agence <strong>national</strong>e <strong>de</strong>s renseignements(ANR) à Kinshasa/Gombe sans qu’aucune charge n’ait été retenue contre lui. Il est allégué qu’iln’aurait accès ni à son avocat, ni à sa famille. Le 1er septembre, <strong>de</strong>s membres <strong>de</strong> sa familleauraient essayé <strong>de</strong> lui faire parvenir <strong>de</strong>s vivres, mais auraient essuyé un refus <strong>de</strong>s agents <strong>de</strong>l'ANR.691. Il est allégué que ces arrestations seraient liées à la publication par l'ANMDH d'uncommuniqué <strong>de</strong> presse en date du 17 août 2009, dénonçant les conditions <strong>de</strong> travail <strong>de</strong>s ouvriers<strong>de</strong> la Société Générale Industrielle (SGI) à Kasangulu, province du Bas-Congo, et à la tenued'une conférence <strong>de</strong> presse le 24 août à Kinshasa sur ce thème.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 107692. Des craintes ont été exprimées quant au fait que les arrestations <strong>de</strong> Mme Kalonda, MM,Itupa, Toutou et Llunga Numbi ainsi que le maintien en détention <strong>de</strong> M. Llunga Numbi soientliés à leurs activités non violentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. Comptetenu <strong>de</strong> la détention incommunicado <strong>de</strong> M. Llunga Numbi, <strong>de</strong>s craintes ont également étéexprimées quant à l’intégrité physique et psychologique <strong>de</strong> M. Llunga Numbi et plusgénéralement <strong>de</strong>s employés <strong>de</strong> l’ANMDH.Lettre d’allégations693. Le 15 septembre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécialsur les exécutions extrajudiciaires, sommaires ou arbitraire et le Rapporteur spécial sur lapromotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, a envoyé une lettred’allégations concernant l’assassinat <strong>de</strong> M. Bruno Koko Chirambiza. M. Cirambiza étaitjournaliste présentateur du journal en Swahili à la radio Star émettant à Bukavu.694. Selon les informations reçues, dans la nuit du samedi 22 au dimanche 23 août 2009, alorsqu’il rentrait d’un mariage, M. Chirambiza aurait été poignardé à mort par un groupe <strong>de</strong> huitpersonnes armées en tenue civile. M. Chirambiza serait décédé <strong>de</strong>s suites <strong>de</strong> ses blessures àl’hôpital général <strong>de</strong> référence <strong>de</strong> Bukavu.695. De vives craintes ont été exprimées quant au fait que l’assassinat <strong>de</strong> M. Chirambiza soitlié à ses activités non violentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme, notammentdans l’exercice <strong>de</strong> son droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression. M. Chirambiza est le troisièmejournaliste assassiné à Bukavu en 2 ans, après MM. Didace Namujimbo et Serge Maheshe <strong>de</strong>Radio Okapi, assassinés en novembre 2008 et juin 2007 respectivement. De vives craintes ont <strong>de</strong>ce fait également été exprimées quant à l’intégrité physique et mentale <strong>de</strong>s journalistes -et pluslargement <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme- travaillant dans l’est <strong>de</strong> la RDC.Appel urgent696. Le 28 septembre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale a envoyé un appel urgent sur la situation<strong>de</strong> MM. Timothée Mbuya, vice-prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> la section <strong>de</strong> l'ASADHO dans la province duKatanga; Gregory Mulamba, secrétaire exécutif du Centre <strong>de</strong>s Droits <strong>de</strong> l’Homme et du DroitHumanitaire (CDH); Emmanuel Umpula, directeur exécutif <strong>de</strong> l’Action Contre l'Impunité pourles Droits Humains (ACIDH); et Mme Dominique Munongo, coordinatrice du Centre <strong>de</strong>Développement pour la Femme (CDF). M. Mbuya a fait l’objet d’un appel urgent du 29 juillet2009, envoyé par la Prési<strong>de</strong>nte-Rapporteur du Groupe <strong>de</strong> Travail sur la détention arbitraire, leRapporteur spécial sur la promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression,le Rapporteur spécial sur la torture et autres peines ou traitements cruels, inhumains oudégradants et la Rapporteuse spéciale sur la situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme. Unsecond appel urgent concernant M. Mbuya a été envoyé le 14 août 2009 par le Rapporteurspécial sur la promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression et laRapporteuse spéciale sur la situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme.697. Selon les informations reçues, le 16 septembre 2009, vers 21h, MM. Mbuya et Umpulaont tous <strong>de</strong>ux reçu un message texte sur leurs téléphones portables en provenance d’un numéroqui nous est connu. Ce message indiquait “Ton Chef, on l’a déjà déclassé et il reste toi et troisautres”. Un second message aurait ensuite été reçu par les <strong>de</strong>ux hommes disant “Vous pensez


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 108être plus malins. Sache que ce ne pas fini. On verra quand vous serez tous morts comme certainsjournalistes si vous faites encore <strong>de</strong>s marches”.698. Le même jour, M. Mulamba aurait reçu <strong>de</strong>ux messages provenant du même numérotéléphonique en ces termes : “On connait où tu habites à Kampemba. Tu es le <strong>de</strong>uxième sur notreliste”. Le <strong>de</strong>uxième message poursuivait en disant “Nous allons nous occuper <strong>de</strong> toi-même si tuas <strong>de</strong>s petits appuis”.699. Le 17 Septembre 2009, vers 8h du matin, un autre message aurait simultanément été reçupar MM. Mulamba, Mbuya et Umpula d’un numéro qui nous est connu. Ce message, se référantà Mme Munongo, membre <strong>de</strong> la famille royale Yeke <strong>de</strong> Katanga, leur annonçait “Dites à votreamie Munongo, même si elle a du sang royal, on va aussi l’attaquer. ” Le même jour, une plainteaurait été adressée au Procureur <strong>de</strong> la République.700. Le 18 septembre 2009, après être intervenus dans une émission radiotélévisée afin <strong>de</strong>dénoncer les menaces dont ils auraient été victimes, MM. Mulamba, Mbuya et Umpula auraientreçu un message en provenance d’un téléphone portable les menaçant en ces termes : «Après vosdéclarations, nous vous accordons 48 heures soit pour quitter Lubumbashi avec votre Munongosoit pour dire au revoir à vos familles. Nous allons agir.»701. Le 21 septembre 2009, les trois hommes auraient reçu un autre message provenant d’untéléphone portable dont le libellé les menaçait <strong>de</strong> la façon suivante: «Compte à rebours. Noussommes et nous restons sérieux à nos décisions. Vos protecteurs vous trompent. Nous avons tousvos mouvements et vos habitations. Vos réunions avec la Monuc c’est rien. Ils protègentcombien <strong>de</strong> journalistes. C’est un problème d'heures. C’est un problème d'heures. VotreDominique MUNONGO, nous allons l’arracher dans sa jeep comme une mangue ».702. Il est allégué que ces menaces seraient liées aux activités <strong>de</strong> MM. Mbuya, Mulamba,Umpula et <strong>de</strong> Mme Munongo en faveur <strong>de</strong> la libération <strong>de</strong> M. Gol<strong>de</strong>n Misabiko, prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong>l'Association africaine pour la défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'Homme ASADHO)/Katanga, qui aurait étécondamné le 21 septembre 2009, par le Tribunal <strong>de</strong> paix <strong>de</strong> Lubumbashi à un an <strong>de</strong> prison avecsursis pour atteinte à la sureté <strong>de</strong> l’Etat.703. Des craintes ont été exprimées quant au fait que ces menaces soient liées aux activitésnon-violentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme <strong>de</strong> MM. Mbuya, Mulamba,Umpula et <strong>de</strong> Mme Munongo. Compte tenu <strong>de</strong> la teneur <strong>de</strong>s messages reçus, <strong>de</strong>s craintes ontégalement été exprimées quant à l’intégrité physique et psychologique <strong>de</strong> MM. Mbuya,Mulamba, Umpula et <strong>de</strong> Mme Munongo.Appel urgent704. Le 13 octobre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécialsur la promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression et la Rapporteusespéciale chargée <strong>de</strong> la question <strong>de</strong> la violence contre les femmes, y compris ses causes et sesconséquences, a envoyé un appel urgent sur la situation <strong>de</strong> Mme Rebecca Agamile et <strong>de</strong>smembres <strong>de</strong> la SOFEPADI. Mme Agamile est la trésorière <strong>de</strong> l'association Solidarité Fémininepour la Paix et le Développement (SOFEPADI), une organisation pour la promotion <strong>de</strong>s droits<strong>de</strong>s femmes basée à Bunia. Un appel urgent concernant <strong>de</strong>s actes <strong>de</strong> harcèlement à l’encontre <strong>de</strong>s


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 109membres <strong>de</strong> la SOFEPADI a été envoyé par la Rapporteuse spéciale chargée <strong>de</strong> la question <strong>de</strong> laviolence contre les femmes, y compris ses causes et ses conséquences et l’ancienneReprésentante spéciale du Secrétaire général concernant la situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong>l'homme le 15 avril 2008.705. Selon les informations reçues, le 1eroctobre 2009, vers 22 :00 h, huit hommes cagoulésarmés auraient pénétré au domicile <strong>de</strong> Mme Agamile à Bunia. Les hommes lui auraient reproché<strong>de</strong> les accuser <strong>de</strong> violations <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. Ils l’auraient également menacée, ainsi que safille <strong>de</strong> 16 ans, <strong>de</strong> viol et <strong>de</strong> mort. Un voisin serait intervenu après avoir entendu <strong>de</strong>s détonationsprovenant du domicile <strong>de</strong> Mme Agamile.706. Il est allégué que Mme Agamile leur aurait versé 1.850 US dollars pour qu’ils quittent samaison. Ces <strong>de</strong>rniers auraient emporté plusieurs objets dont le téléphone portable <strong>de</strong> MmeAgamile.707. Le 7 octobre 2009, <strong>de</strong>s proches <strong>de</strong> Mme Agamile auraient reçu un appel menaçant celleci<strong>de</strong> se rendre à nouveau chez elle et <strong>de</strong> la tuer. Cet appel provenait du téléphone portable <strong>de</strong>Mme Agamile que les hommes armés avaient emporté le 1er octobre 2009.708. Il est allégué que le nombre <strong>de</strong> menaces à l'encontre <strong>de</strong>s membres <strong>de</strong> la SOFEPADIaurait augmenté <strong>de</strong>puis 2008. L’association serait accusée <strong>de</strong> collaborer avec la Cour pénaleinter<strong>national</strong>e (CPI) et <strong>de</strong> fournir <strong>de</strong>s informations sur les violations <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme.709. Des craintes ont été exprimées quant au fait que les menaces à l’encontre <strong>de</strong> MmeAgamile et <strong>de</strong>s membres <strong>de</strong> la SOFEPADI soient liées à leurs activités non-violentes <strong>de</strong>promotion et protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. Compte tenu <strong>de</strong> la gravité <strong>de</strong>s menaces, <strong>de</strong>scraintes ont également été exprimées quant à l’intégrité physique et psychologique <strong>de</strong> MmeAgamile, <strong>de</strong> sa fille et <strong>de</strong>s membres <strong>de</strong> la SOFEPADI.Appel urgent710. Le 30 octobre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec la Rapporteuse spécialechargée <strong>de</strong> la question <strong>de</strong> la violence contre les femmes, y compris ses causes et sesconséquences, a envoyé un appel urgent sur la situation <strong>de</strong> M. Franck Kamunga. M Kamungaest le directeur exécutif <strong>de</strong> Droits Humains Sans Frontières (DHSF), une organisationgouvernementale basée à Kinshasa offrant une ai<strong>de</strong> juridique aux femmes victimes <strong>de</strong> violence.711. Selon les informations reçues, le 6 octobre 2009, M. Kamunga aurait reçu une lettre <strong>de</strong>menaces à son domicile <strong>de</strong> Kinshasa. Le 7 octobre, il aurait reçu un appel téléphonique lemenaçant.712. Le 10 octobre, M. Kamunga aurait reçu un autre appel anonyme le menaçant <strong>de</strong> mort s'ilcontinuait à dénoncer les forces <strong>de</strong> police comme étant les auteurs présumés d’actes <strong>de</strong> violenceou d'arrestations arbitraires à l'encontre <strong>de</strong>s femmes. Son interlocuteur l’aurait informé du faitqu’il connaissait son adresse avant <strong>de</strong> raccrocher.713. Le 11 octobre, M. Kamunga aurait alerté le commissariat <strong>de</strong> police <strong>de</strong> son quartier <strong>de</strong> cesinci<strong>de</strong>nts.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 110714. Des craintes ont été exprimées quant au fait que ces menaces soient liées aux activitésnon violentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme <strong>de</strong> M. Kamunga, en particulierl’ai<strong>de</strong> juridique qu’il dispense aux femmes victimes <strong>de</strong> violence. Compte tenu <strong>de</strong> la gravité <strong>de</strong>smenaces reçues, <strong>de</strong>s craintes ont également été exprimées quant à l’intégrité physique etpsychologique <strong>de</strong> M. Kamunga et <strong>de</strong> ses collègues <strong>de</strong> DHSF.Observations715. La Rapporteuse spéciale regrette, au moment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport,l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse aux 49 communications envoyées <strong>de</strong>puis 2004. Elle considère les réponsesà ses communications comme partie intégrante <strong>de</strong> la coopération <strong>de</strong>s gouvernements avec sonmandat. Elle exhorte le Gouvernement à répondre au plus vite aux craintes exprimées danscelles-ci, notamment en fournissant <strong>de</strong>s informations précises sur les enquêtes menées afin <strong>de</strong>traduire en justice les auteurs <strong>de</strong>s faits et les mesures <strong>de</strong> protection prises pour assurer l’intégritéphysique et mentale <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs et <strong>de</strong> leurs familles.716. La Rapporteuse Spéciale renvoie aux conclusions et recommandations formulées dansson rapport <strong>de</strong> mission en République Démocratique du Congo, effectuée du 21 mai au 3 juin2009 (A/HRC/13/22/Add.2), ainsi qu’à celles contenues dans le second rapport conjoint <strong>de</strong>s septprocédures spéciales thématiques du Conseil <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme sur la situation enRépublique Démocratique du Congo <strong>de</strong> mars 2010 (A/HRC/13/56).Lettre d’allégationsDjibouti717. Le 9 avril 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécial sur lapromotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, a envoyé une lettred’allégations au Gouvernement sur la situation <strong>de</strong> M. Jean-Paul Noël Abdi, prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> laLigue djiboutienne <strong>de</strong>s droits humains (LDDH). M. Noël Abdi a été le sujet d’un appel urgentenvoyé par le Rapporteur spécial sur la promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinionet d’expression et l’ancienne Représentante spéciale du Secrétaire général concernant la situation<strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme le 13 mars 2007. Nous accusons réception <strong>de</strong> la réponse duGouvernement <strong>de</strong> Votre Excellence en date du 23 mars 2007. Selon les informations reçues :718. Le 4 avril 2009, M. Noël Abdi aurait été arrêté dans le centre-ville <strong>de</strong> Djibouti par <strong>de</strong>séléments du Service <strong>de</strong> recherche et <strong>de</strong> documentation <strong>de</strong> la gendarmerie <strong>national</strong>e. Ceux-ci luiauraient signifié, en ne produisant aucun mandat d’arrêt, que cette arrestation était motivée par<strong>de</strong>s « injures publiques à l’autorité judiciaire » que M. Noël Abdi aurait proférées dans une noted’information en date du 26 mars 2009, dans laquelle il avait dénoncé les « graves manquements<strong>de</strong> la justice djboutienne et en particulier son absence d’indépendance, illustrés par la nonmotivationet la non-rédaction <strong>de</strong> certains jugements et décisions <strong>de</strong> justice en particulier dansles procès sensibles comme celui du père Sandro ». M. Noël Abdi aurait ensuite été conduit à laBriga<strong>de</strong> Nord <strong>de</strong> la gendarmerie <strong>de</strong> Djibouti avant d’être placé en gar<strong>de</strong> à vue.719. Le 5 avril 2009, M. Noël Abdi aurait été déféré <strong>de</strong>vant le parquet en comparutionimmédiate et entendu par le substitut du procureur dans le cadre d’une procédure <strong>de</strong> flagrant délit.Il aurait ensuite été interrogé par le juge d’instruction, <strong>de</strong>vant lequel il aurait nié toute injure àl’autorité judiciaire, avant d’être libéré.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 111720. Selon les termes <strong>de</strong> la décision <strong>de</strong> l’instruction, M. Noël-Abdi serait désormais placé souscontrôle judiciaire, se verrait opposer une interdiction <strong>de</strong> sortie du territoire ainsi qu’uneobligation d’émarger <strong>de</strong> façon régulière auprès du cabinet du juge d’instruction, dans l’attente <strong>de</strong>l’ouverture d’une enquête à son encontre.721. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que l’arrestation <strong>de</strong> M. Noël Abdi et sonplacement subséquent sous contrôle judiciaire serait liés à ses activités pacifiques <strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong>sdroits <strong>de</strong> l’homme.Observations722. La Rapporteuse spéciale regrette, au moment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport,l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse à la communication en date du 9 avril 2009. Elle exhorte le Gouvernementà répondre au plus vite aux craintes exprimées dans celle-ci. Elle considère les réponses à sescommunications comme partie intégrante <strong>de</strong> la coopération <strong>de</strong>s gouvernements avec son mandat.Llamamiento urgenteEcuador723. El 13 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte-Relatora <strong>de</strong>l Grupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre la DetenciónArbitraria, el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong>expresión y el Relator Especial sobre la tortura y otros tratos o penas crueles, inhumanos o<strong>de</strong>gradantes, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con la <strong>de</strong>tención y el ataque <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Vicente ZhuñioSamaniego, lí<strong>de</strong>r campesino, presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> la Asociación <strong>de</strong> Campesinos <strong>de</strong> Limón Indanza, ymiembro <strong>de</strong> la Coordinadora Nacional por la Defensa <strong>de</strong> la Vida y la Soberanía (CNDVS).724. El CNDVS es un comité <strong>de</strong> organizaciones e individuos que <strong>de</strong>fien<strong>de</strong>n los <strong>de</strong>rechosmedioambientales, amenazados por los planes <strong>de</strong>l gobierno <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollar proyectos <strong>de</strong> mineríaen gran escala en zonas rurales.725. El 6 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, el CNDVS presentó una <strong>de</strong>nuncia ante el Defensor <strong>de</strong>lPueblo <strong>de</strong> Ecuador, en la que <strong>de</strong>stacaron el patrón <strong>de</strong> persecución particularmente contramiembros <strong>de</strong>l Comité. Vicente Zhuñio Samaniego fue uno <strong>de</strong> los lí<strong>de</strong>res comunitariosmencionados en esta <strong>de</strong>nuncia.726. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 5 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 18h30,Vicente Zhuñio Samaniego fue arrestado en las cercanías <strong>de</strong>l centro <strong>de</strong> salud ubicado en la calleprincipal <strong>de</strong>l vecindario <strong>de</strong> Indanza, en el <strong>de</strong>partamento <strong>de</strong> Limón Indanza, provincia <strong>de</strong> MoronaSantiago, mientras caminaba por la calle. Los funcionarios policiales actuantes habrían cumplidoór<strong>de</strong>nes <strong>de</strong>l jefe político <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>partamento. Presuntamente, el arresto se habría sido llevado acabo sin que hubiera una or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> arresto ni que el Sr. Vicente Zhuñio Samaniego estuvierainvolucrado en actividad alguna en el momento <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>tención. El Sr. Vicente ZhuñioSamaniego habría sido trasladado a un lugar <strong>de</strong>sconocido a bordo <strong>de</strong> una patrulla <strong>de</strong> la policíanacional.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 112727. El 6 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Vicente Zhuñio Samaniego fue localizado en el Hospital <strong>de</strong>Macas, con heridas <strong>de</strong> bala en la cabeza. El habría sido incomunicado por más <strong>de</strong> 16 horas ytransportado a Macas, a una distancia <strong>de</strong> 6 horas <strong>de</strong> Indanza. Permanece allí bajo custodiapolicial. El será sometido a una intervención quirúrgica para extraerle un perdigón localizado enla lengua. El 13 <strong>de</strong> enero se habría presentado una petición para la revocatoria <strong>de</strong> la or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong>prisión preventiva.728. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido, se expresó preocupación por la integridad física ypsicológica <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Vicente Zhuñio Samaniego. Se expresó temor que la <strong>de</strong>tención <strong>de</strong>l Sr.Vicente Zhuñio Samaniego podría estar relacionada con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s legítimas en la <strong>de</strong>fensa<strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos como lí<strong>de</strong>r comunitario y miembro <strong>de</strong>l CNDVS, específicamente porsu tarea <strong>de</strong> sacar a la luz el impacto social y ambiental <strong>de</strong> la minería a gran escala en Ecuador.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno729. En dos cartas fechadas el 20 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009 y el 17 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la MisiónPermanente <strong>de</strong> Ecuador ante las Naciones Unidas y otros Organismos Internacionales en Ginebrarespondió al llamamiento urgente.730. Se confirmó que la <strong>de</strong>tención <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Zhunio Samaniego ocurrió cuando se encontrabaabasteciendo <strong>de</strong> víveres a las personas que obstaculizaban la vía que conduce al Plan <strong>de</strong> Milagros– Indanza – San Juan Bosco. Los agentes <strong>de</strong> policía procedieron a pedirle sus documentos <strong>de</strong>i<strong>de</strong>ntificación pero el Sr. Zhunio se negó a presentarlos, situación que <strong>de</strong>rivó en la reacciónagresiva <strong>de</strong>l señor Zhunío en contra <strong>de</strong> los agentes <strong>de</strong> policía. Estos procedieron a su <strong>de</strong>tención.Cuando ingresaban al patrullero, personas <strong>de</strong>sconocidas, ocultas en la vegetación empezaron adisparar en contra <strong>de</strong>l personal policial. De este suceso resultaron heridos tanto el señor Zhuniocomo el agente <strong>de</strong> policía Wilson Ramírez.731. Se inició la Instrucción Fiscal por el <strong>de</strong>lito flagrante <strong>de</strong> sabotaje a servicios públicos oprivados, en contra <strong>de</strong> Joel Vicente Zhunio Samaniego con or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> prisión preventiva, quienluego <strong>de</strong> su recuperación en el Hospital <strong>de</strong>l Seguro Campesino en la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Cuenca fuetrasladado al centro <strong>de</strong> Rehabilitación Social <strong>de</strong> Macas el 21 enero 2009.732. Posteriormente el imputado recupera su libertad el 5 febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009 por disposición <strong>de</strong>la Sala <strong>de</strong> la Corte <strong>de</strong> lo Penal <strong>de</strong> Morona Santiago. En la actualidad el señor Zhunio seencuentra en libertad, ejerciendo su <strong>de</strong>recho a la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> la Institución Fiscal No. 04-2009.733. Adicionalmente, el Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Justicia y Derechos Humanos ha enviado unacomunicación, por ser materia <strong>de</strong> su competencia, a la Defensoría <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo, para la realización<strong>de</strong> una veeduría <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>bido proceso <strong>de</strong>l caso señalado.734. En la carta fechada el 17 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, se proporcionó información elaborada por elGobernador <strong>de</strong> Imbabura explicando que, el 20 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, en el sector <strong>de</strong> Pinsaqui "Y" <strong>de</strong>Cotocachi, los Sres. Ernesto Rodolfo Pereira, Lenin Armando Rosero, Wilmer RolandoMontenegro, Hernando Wellintong Pereira y Lenin Leonardo Alvear, amparados en el Art. 129<strong>de</strong>l Código Penal, fueron aprendidos por encontrarse obstaculizando la vía pública, y puestos aór<strong>de</strong>nes <strong>de</strong>l Fiscal Distrital <strong>de</strong> Otavalo, <strong>de</strong> acuerdo a los principios <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>bido proceso, se realizó


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 113la respectiva Audiencia <strong>de</strong> Formulación <strong>de</strong> Cargos, en la cual fueron puestos en libertad el 21 <strong>de</strong>enero <strong>de</strong>l 2009.735. Por otra parte, el Gobernador <strong>de</strong> Morona Santiago señala que, el 21 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009,agentes policiales se encontraban <strong>de</strong>spejando la vía en el sector Las Peñas, entrada a Roldós,don<strong>de</strong> se encontraban escombros en las vías. Personas no i<strong>de</strong>ntificadas, ocultos en la vegetación<strong>de</strong>l lugar, empezaron a disparar a los miembros <strong>de</strong> la policía. Los agentes <strong>de</strong>l or<strong>de</strong>n tuvieron querepelar este ataque y por este suceso fueron aprendidos los señores: Carlos Gustavo RumipullaUyaguari, Angel Geovanni Ullaguari Zuñiga, Clever Oswaldo Lalvay Morocho y VicenteGermán Naikiai Shiki, acusados <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>lito <strong>de</strong> terrorismo organizado, Art. 160.1 <strong>de</strong>l Código Penal.736. Los <strong>de</strong>tenidos fueron trasladados al Centro <strong>de</strong> Rehabilitación Social <strong>de</strong> Macas, el 22 <strong>de</strong>enero <strong>de</strong>l 2009, <strong>de</strong> acuerdo a la boleta <strong>de</strong> encarcelamiento emitida por el Juez Tercero <strong>de</strong> loPenal y Tránsito <strong>de</strong> Morona Santiago. Dicha <strong>de</strong>cisión fue apelada por los <strong>de</strong>tenidos ante la CorteProvincial <strong>de</strong> Justicia <strong>de</strong> Morona Santiago, quien aceptó la apelación interpuesta y revoca laresolución <strong>de</strong> prisión preventiva, disponiendo que por el momento no existen los suficienteselementos <strong>de</strong> juicio para dictar esta medida cautelar <strong>de</strong> prisión preventiva <strong>de</strong> los imputados. Enconsecuencia, el 19 febrero 2009 todos los imputados son puestos en libertad, <strong>de</strong> la cual gozanplenamente a partir <strong>de</strong> dicha fecha. Al respecto también se ha coordinado con la Defensoría <strong>de</strong>lPueblo para que realice una veeduría <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>bido proceso al caso señalado.Llamamiento urgente737. El 28 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con las amenazas contra Asesoría y ServiciosLegales para Refugiados (ASELER). ASELER es una organización no gubernamental ubicadoen Quito, que brinda asesoría y servicios legales a <strong>de</strong>mandantes <strong>de</strong> asilo y a refugiados enEcuador.738. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 15 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 20:30,dos personas y sus familias - miembros <strong>de</strong> la Asociación <strong>de</strong> Personas en Condición <strong>de</strong> Refugioen el Ecuador (ASOREC), que proporcionaban alojamiento a un cliente <strong>de</strong> ASELER habríanhallado una carta <strong>de</strong> amenaza en la entrada <strong>de</strong> su casa, en la que se les habría <strong>de</strong>clarado comoobjetivos militares. Dicha misiva habría sido firmada por el Comando Central <strong>de</strong> las ÁguilasNegras <strong>de</strong> Colombia en Rearme (Águilas Negras), un grupo armados ilegales surgidos <strong>de</strong>lproceso <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>smovilización <strong>de</strong> organizaciones paramilitares.739. El día anterior, el 14 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la ASOREC habría recibido otra carta <strong>de</strong> amenazafirmada por el mismo grupo armado. Esta carta habría expresado la intención <strong>de</strong> acabar con lavida <strong>de</strong> cuatro personas, incluyendo a un cliente <strong>de</strong> ASELER y su familia. Asimismo, habría<strong>de</strong>clarado como objetivos militares a todos los grupos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y organizaciones sociales que puedan dificultar la labor <strong>de</strong> las “FuerzasMilitares.” A<strong>de</strong>más, otras organizaciones que proporcionan apoyo a las cuatro personasmencionadas, también habrían sido enumeradas como objetivos militares.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 114740. ASELER habría presentado una <strong>de</strong>nuncia por intimidación en el Ministerio Público <strong>de</strong>Ecuador por las amenazas que recibió su cliente el día miércoles 14 <strong>de</strong> enero (<strong>de</strong>nuncia 09-01-14129). También se habrían solicitado medidas cautelares a la Comisión Interamericana <strong>de</strong>Derechos Humanos a favor <strong>de</strong> su cliente. Luego <strong>de</strong> la segunda amenaza recibida por losdirigentes <strong>de</strong> ASOREC, se habría realizado una nueva <strong>de</strong>nuncia el martes 20 <strong>de</strong> enero y se habríapedido una ampliación a las medidas cautelares presentas ante la Comisión Interamericana <strong>de</strong>Derechos Humanos para los dirigentes <strong>de</strong> ASOREC y el personal <strong>de</strong> ASELER.741. El 9 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 12:45 habría sido entregada en las oficinas<strong>de</strong> ASELER una carta que el portero <strong>de</strong>l edificio habría encontrado sobre su escritorio. La carta,que habría sido firmada por el Secretariado <strong>de</strong>l Estado Mayor Central <strong>de</strong> las Fuerzas ArmadasRevolucionarias <strong>de</strong> Colombia, Ejército <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo (FARC-EP) habría contenida una lista <strong>de</strong> 11refugiados colombianos en Ecuador, cinco <strong>de</strong> los cuales habrían sido clientes <strong>de</strong> ASELER,señalándolos como objetivos militares. La carta también habría solicitado la colaboración <strong>de</strong>camaradas con el fin <strong>de</strong> tomar represalias contra varias organizaciones (en total cincoorganizaciones), todas ellas vinculadas a algunas <strong>de</strong> las personas enumeradas como objetivosmilitares en la misma carta. En rojo, en la parte superior <strong>de</strong> la carta, se habría podido leer“GRUPO DE BUSQUEDA Y LIMPIEZA FARC-EP Guerrilla Urbana” y el fondo <strong>de</strong> la cartahabría consistido en la silueta <strong>de</strong>l mapa <strong>de</strong> Colombia sobre la que se habría encontrado el texto“FARC-EP” sobre la imagen <strong>de</strong> un libro abierto y dos fusiles cruzados.742. El mismo día, ASELER habría presentado una <strong>de</strong>nuncia por intimidación ante elMinisterio Público (trámite número 09-01-09075). También se habrían solicitado medidascautelares a la Comisión Interamericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos a favor <strong>de</strong> las personasenumeradas en la carta como objetivos militares.743. Se expresó temor que las amenazas contra ASELER, así como contra las personas yorganizaciones mencionadas, podrían estar motivadas por su trabajo legítimo <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, específicamente por el apoyo que se da a refugiados en el Ecuador. En vista<strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido, se expresó preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> losmiembros <strong>de</strong> ASELER.Llamamiento urgente744. El 18 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con las amenazas contra la Sra. Leidy JohannaVélez Moreira, a su compañero, el Sr. Neil Wernher Bastante Cár<strong>de</strong>nas, y a su familia. LeidyJohanna Vélez Moreira es agente <strong>de</strong> policía.745. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 23 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, un agente <strong>de</strong> policía habríaseguido a la Sra. Vélez Moreira cuando habría sido concurrido a una reunión con el fiscalresponsable <strong>de</strong> la investigación <strong>de</strong> la tortura y asesinato <strong>de</strong> sus hermanos, los Sres. Yandry JavierVélez Moreira y Juan Miguel Vélez Ce<strong>de</strong>ño, ocurridos en diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008. Un día <strong>de</strong>spués,varios agentes <strong>de</strong> policía también habrían seguido a su compañero, el Sr. Neil Wernher BastanteCár<strong>de</strong>nas, en un automóvil sin placas <strong>de</strong> matrícula. Algunos <strong>de</strong> estos policías ya los habríanseguido el 28 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 115746. Las acciones intimidatorias contra la Sra. Leidy Vélez Moreira y su familia habríancomenzados en octubre <strong>de</strong> 2007, cuando su casa familiar <strong>de</strong> Quito habría sido objeto <strong>de</strong> unregistro a cargo <strong>de</strong> agentes vestidos <strong>de</strong> civil. Al parecer, los agentes habrían buscado al Sr.Yandry Javier Vélez Moreira, hermano <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Leidy Vélez Moreira, por consi<strong>de</strong>rarlosospechoso <strong>de</strong> robo. Los agentes no habrían sido muñidos <strong>de</strong> ór<strong>de</strong>nes <strong>de</strong> registro o <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tencióny, según informes, habrían preguntado a la Sra. Leidy Vélez dón<strong>de</strong> estaba su hermano. Tambiénla habría amenazado con traerle la cabeza <strong>de</strong> Sr. Yandry Javier en una ban<strong>de</strong>ja <strong>de</strong> plata si norevelaba su para<strong>de</strong>ro. Al protestar Leidy Vélez, los agentes la habrían insultado y habría <strong>de</strong>tenidoa su compañero, quien habría quedado en libertad 20 días <strong>de</strong>spués.747. Seis meses <strong>de</strong>spués, en junio <strong>de</strong> 2008, el agente <strong>de</strong> policía a cargo <strong>de</strong>l registro en casa <strong>de</strong>la Sra. Leidy Vélez se habría dirigido a ella en la calle. Según la versión <strong>de</strong> Leidy Vélez, elagente la habría agarrado <strong>de</strong>l brazo y le habría amenazado y a su hermano. La Sra. Leidy Vélezhabría informado a sus superiores <strong>de</strong> todos los hechos a medida que tuvieron lugar.Segúninformes, hasta la fecha no habrían tomado ninguna medida. En octubre <strong>de</strong> 2008 la Sra. LeidyVélez habría presentado una <strong>de</strong>nuncia formal ante la policía.748. A los Sres. Yandry Javier Vélez Moreira y Juan Miguel Vélez Ce<strong>de</strong>ño los encontraronmuertos el 12 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008. Les habían disparado y, según informes, presentabanseñales <strong>de</strong> haber sido torturados antes <strong>de</strong> su muerte. Según sus familiares, los hermanos habríansalido <strong>de</strong> su casa la noche anterior y los habrían matado cuando se <strong>de</strong>splazaban en la furgoneta<strong>de</strong> su madre. Unos días antes <strong>de</strong> estos acontecimientos, cuando los hermanos habrían viajadoscon unos familiares en la misma camioneta, unos agentes vestidos <strong>de</strong> civil los habrían parado yles habrían pedido sus documentos <strong>de</strong> i<strong>de</strong>ntidad. Cuando los agentes vieron el documento <strong>de</strong>l Sr.Yandry Vélez dijeron: “Tú eres el famoso Yandry Vélez Moreira, contra ti tenemos una consigna;agra<strong>de</strong>ce que estás con tu familia”.749. La familia Vélez habría presentado varias <strong>de</strong>nuncias contra el Grupo <strong>de</strong> ApoyoOperacional <strong>de</strong> la policía (GAO), entre ellas una por la muerte y tortura <strong>de</strong> los Sres. YandryVélez Moreira y Juan Miguel Vélez Ce<strong>de</strong>ño en Montecristi, provincia <strong>de</strong> Manabí, en diciembre<strong>de</strong> 2008.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno750. En una carta fechada el 1 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Misión Permanente <strong>de</strong>l Ecuador anteNaciones Unidas y otros Organismos Internacionales en Ginebra respondió al llamamientourgente.751. El Gobierno <strong>de</strong>l Ecuador señaló que, en su opinión, el caso presentado en el llamamientourgente no se trataba <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y no había implicación alguna <strong>de</strong> lasliberta<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> opinión o expresión.752. Se informó que se trataba <strong>de</strong> actos <strong>de</strong>lictivos bajo investigación <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> la justiciaordinaria <strong>de</strong>l país y sometidos al <strong>de</strong>bido proceso.753. En relación con el caso <strong>de</strong> la señora Leidy Johanna Vélez Moreira y sus familiares, elMinisterio <strong>de</strong> Justicia y Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong>l Ecuador facilitó la siguiente información:


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 116754. En lo referente a la posible tortura y muerte <strong>de</strong> Yandry Javier Vélez Moreira y José VélezCe<strong>de</strong>ño, la Fiscalía <strong>de</strong> la Provincia <strong>de</strong> Manabí inició la indagación previa respectiva, en virtud <strong>de</strong>la <strong>de</strong>nuncia planteada por la señora Leidy Vélez Moreira.755. Se informó que La Unidad Distrital <strong>de</strong> Asuntos Internos <strong>de</strong>l Comando <strong>de</strong>l Primer Distrito<strong>de</strong> la Policía Nacional estaba realizando las investigaciones sobre la <strong>de</strong>nuncia presentada porLeidy Vélez Moreira, en la Primera Corte Distrital <strong>de</strong> Justicia Policial, en contra <strong>de</strong> los presuntosresponsables <strong>de</strong>l allanamiento e intimidaciones en su contra, así como <strong>de</strong> las posibles torturas ymuertes <strong>de</strong> sus hermanos.756. El Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Justicia y Derechos Humanos gestionó con la Fiscalía <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong>lEstado el ingreso <strong>de</strong> Leidy Vélez Moreira al Programa <strong>de</strong> Protección <strong>de</strong> Víctimas y testigosquienes están a cargo <strong>de</strong> su protección.757. Se estaban coordinando acciones con la Defensoría <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo para que vigile el <strong>de</strong>bidoproceso en la <strong>de</strong>nuncia penal presentada en contra <strong>de</strong> miembros <strong>de</strong> la Policía Nacional por lamuerte <strong>de</strong> los hermanos <strong>de</strong> Leidy Vélez Moreira.758. El Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Justicia y Derechos Humanos solicitó al Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Gobierno yPolicía que vigile el proceso <strong>de</strong> la investigación administrativa que la Dirección <strong>de</strong> AsuntosInternos <strong>de</strong> la Inspectoría <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Policía Nacional, lleva a cabo por la <strong>de</strong>nuncia presentadapor la señora Leidy Vélez Moreira.759. Se informó que el Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Justicia y Derechos Humanos mantiene contactopermanente con Leidy Vélez Moreira, para evaluar su situación y dar seguimiento <strong>de</strong> losprocesos tanto para su protección como para garantizar su <strong>de</strong>recho a acce<strong>de</strong>r a la justicia <strong>de</strong>manera efectiva.Llamamiento urgente760. El 4 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión y la Relatora Especial sobre la violencia contra la mujer, con inclusión <strong>de</strong>sus causas y consecuencias, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con el ataque contra las Sras. Rosa EtelvinaMisacango Chuñir y Gloria Livia Jiménez Berrezueta, quienes son integrantes <strong>de</strong>l Frente <strong>de</strong>Mujeres Defensoras <strong>de</strong> la Pachamama, una organización que se ocupa <strong>de</strong> los problemas queenfrentan las mujeres como resultado <strong>de</strong> los proyectos mineros.761. Según la información recibida, el 22 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 19:00 horas,dos hombres y dos mujeres conocidos <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Misacango Chuñir habrían venido a su casaubicada en el Barrio 13 <strong>de</strong> Abril <strong>de</strong>l centro parroquial <strong>de</strong> Molleturo, y la habrían atacado verbal yfísicamente.762. Las cuatro personas habrían entrado por la fuerza a la casa <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Misacango Chuñir yhabrían dicho: “vaga, por vaga andas haciendo problema… no ves que las mineras van a traertrabajo… vaga, porque no tienes que hacer andas fastidiando”. La Sra. Misacango Chuñir habríasido agredida físicamente, junto con su hijo, en presencia <strong>de</strong> sus dos nietos <strong>de</strong> 2 y 5 años. La Sra.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 117Misacango Chuñir habría recibido patadas y golpes y habría sido arrastrada <strong>de</strong>l cabello hasta lacalle. Según la información recibida, la agresión terminó con la intervención <strong>de</strong> personas en lacalle. Como resultado <strong>de</strong>l ataque, la Sra. Misacango Chuñir habría sufrido contusiones por todoel cuerpo, así como hinchazones en la cabeza y heridas como consecuencia <strong>de</strong>l pelo que le fuearrancado.763. El día 23 <strong>de</strong> abril, la Sra. Misacango Chuñir habría puesto una <strong>de</strong>nuncia <strong>de</strong>l ante laFiscalía <strong>de</strong> Cuenca. Se alegó que los agresores estaban a la espera <strong>de</strong> recibir trabajo en la minería,concretamente en la empresa EcuadorGold.764. Asimismo, se informó que el 25 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, la Sra. Gloria Livia JiménezBerrezueta, otra integrante <strong>de</strong>l Frente <strong>de</strong> Mujeres Defensoras <strong>de</strong> la Pachamama, también habríasido atacada en la parroquia Victoria <strong>de</strong>l Portete. Sus agresores no habrían sido procesados ocon<strong>de</strong>nados.765. En visto <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido se expresó temor que estos ataques podrían estardirectamente relacionados con el trabajo legítimo que realizan las Sras. Rosa Etelvina MisacangoChuñir y Gloria Livia Jiménez Berrezueta en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, en particular enrelación con los problemas que enfrentan las mujeres como resultado <strong>de</strong> los proyectos mineros.Se expresó preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> las Sras. Misacango Chuñir yJiménez Berrezueta, así como por la <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>más miembros <strong>de</strong>l Frente <strong>de</strong> Mujeres Defensoras<strong>de</strong> la Pachamama.Observaciones766. La Relatora Especial agra<strong>de</strong>ce la información proporcionada por el Gobierno <strong>de</strong> Ecuadoren relación con las comunicaciones fechadas el 13 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009 y el 18 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009.No obstante, la Relatora Especial lamenta que en el momento <strong>de</strong> finalizar este informe, elGobierno no le haya remitido información en respuesta a las comunicaciones <strong>de</strong>l 28 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong>2009 y 4 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009 e insta al gobierno ecuatoriano a que adopte todas las medidasnecesarias para proteger los <strong>de</strong>rechos y las liberta<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> las personas mencionadas en estoscasos, así como investigar, procesar e imponer las sanciones a<strong>de</strong>cuadas a todas las personasresponsables <strong>de</strong> las violaciones alegadas.Urgent appealEgypt767. On 20 February 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteurof the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce ofjudges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right tofreedom of opinion and expression and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel,inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal to the Governmentregarding Mr. Dia' el Din Gad, an Egyptian citizen and stu<strong>de</strong>nt blogger. According toinformation received:768. On 6 February 2009, Mr. Dia' el Din Gad was arrested outsi<strong>de</strong> his home in Qotour city,near Tanta city (north of Cairo) by State Security Investigations (SSI) officers. Just before his


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 118arrest, Dia’ el Din Gad had returned to his home in Qotour city. When he left the house, he wasimmediately arrested by SSI officers and allegedly beaten as he was taken away.769. He is reportedly held incommunicado in an unknown location, and his whereabouts havenot been disclosed by the Egyptian authorities, <strong>de</strong>spite inquiries by his family and his lawyerwith the Ministry of the Interior and the office of the Public Prosecutor.770. According to local activists, a few days before he was arrested, Dia' el Din Gad had takenpart in <strong>de</strong>monstrations organized by the liberal Wafd opposition party in Cairo in solidarity withthe people of Gaza.771. On his blog Dia' el Din Gad criticized the Egyptian policy regarding Gaza – including therestrictions on humanitarian aid <strong>de</strong>livered through Egypt to Gaza – and regarding the 4 Februaryarrest of Ahmed Doma, a leading member of a youth movement, the Popular Movement to FreeEgypt.772. Mr. Dia' el Din Gad reportedly frequently suffers panic attacks which make it difficult forhim to breathe. He also has difficulty walking or bending one of his legs, due to injuries sufferedin childhood. He takes medication, which he did not have with him when he was arrested.773. In view of the alleged <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Dia' el Din Gad at an undisclosed or unconfirmedlocation, concern is expressed that he may be at risk of torture or other forms of ill-treatment. Weshould like to appeal to your Excellency to seek clarification of the circumstances with a view toensuring that the right to physical and mental integrity of Mr. Dia' el Din Gad is protected.Urgent appeal774. On 5 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding the warning letter received by the Egyptian Organizationfor Human Rights (EOHR) from the Egyptian Ministry of Social Solidarity. The EgyptianOrganization for Human Rights has been a fully functioning Non-Governmental Organization(NGO) since 1985, and has worked to increase respect for human rights through fact-findingmissions, publications and awareness-raising.775. The then Special Representative of the Secretary <strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs previously sent an allegation letter concerning the EOHR on 19 January 2004.According to the information received:776. On 27 April 2009, the Egyptian Organization for Human Rights (EOHR) received a letterfrom the Egyptian Ministry of Social Solidarity, warning EOHR of the possibility that it wouldbe subjected to closure and dissolution for violating the Law of Association No. 84 of 2002(NGO Law). The letter indicated that Article 42 of the NGO Law had been breached by EOHR,which, allegedly, had received foreign funding without authorization.777. The warning sent by the Ministry of Social Solidarity related to the regional conferenceon the right to access to information, titled “Information is a right for all”, which took place on27-28 January 2009 in Cairo. The conference was organized by EOHR, with the cooperation ofthe Centre of Media Freedom in the Middle East and North Africa (CMF MENA).


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 119778. On 31 July 2008, EOHR allegedly notified the competent authorities of the conferenceand requested authorization to receive funding from the CMF MENA, in or<strong>de</strong>r to cover travelexpenses for the participants attending the conference. According to the source, no response wasreceived from relevant authorities within 60 days, the time frame provi<strong>de</strong>d by law. According tothe NGO Law, lack of response from the authorities within the specific time frame implicatesinitial approval. In view of this, EOHR and CMF MENA procee<strong>de</strong>d with the organization of theconference.779. The 27 April 2009 warning came following the release of EOHR’s Annual Report 2008,and two other EOHR reports on torture and freedom of opinion and expression in Egypt.780. Concern is expressed that the warning letter received from the Ministry of SocialSolidarity could be related to EOHR’s activities in support of the right to freedom of expression.Response from the Government781. On 4 August 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the urgent appeal. The Governmentindicated that the EOHR ma<strong>de</strong> use of foreign funding to organize, jointly with the Centre forMedia Freedom in the Middle East and North Africa, a regional conference on the right to accessinformation held in January 2009. The EOHR has informed the MSS before the event but did notcomplete the due legal process till after the completion of the project in contravention to Law No.84 regulating the activities of NGOs in Egypt.782. In exercising its legal mandate as regulator of the activities of civil society in Egyptincluding non governmental organizations, the MSS sent a letter of inquiry on the relevantcircumstances to the EOHR making reference to a number of articles of Law No. 84 includingarticle 42 which penalizes non-conforming organizations with the penalty of closure.783. The EOHR misinterpreted the MSS letter and consi<strong>de</strong>red it a warning for closurenotwithstanding the nature of the letter, which is a routine communication, regularly sent in suchsituation. Subsequently, the EOHR sent an explanatory letter to the MSS clarifying that theEOHR has filed on March 27, 2009 a formal request at the MSS for permission to utilize thefunding for the purposes of the conference and pursuant to an exchange of contacts, a process isin progress to fulfill the relevant procedures in or<strong>de</strong>r to grant the required permission to theEOHR.Observations784. The Special Rapporteur thanks the Government of Egypt of the response provi<strong>de</strong>d to theurgent appeal of 5 May 2009 but regrets that at the time of the finalization of the report, theGovernment had not transmitted any replies to her communications of 20 February 2009, 21August 2008 and 18 January 2008. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications as animportant part of the cooperation of Governments with her mandate.785. The Special Rapporteur urges the Government to transmit to her all relevant informationregarding any investigation or prosecution in relation to the abduction of Mr. Dia' el Din Gad inFebruary 2009. Despite the release of Mr. Dia' el Din Gad in March 2009, the Special


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 120Rapporteur expresses concern regarding the alleged threats against Mr. Dia' el Din Gad and hisfamily from State security officers.786. In this connection, the Special Rapporteur wishes to remind the Government of theprovisions contained in the Declaration on human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, in particular article 12paragraphs 2 and 3 of the Declaration which provi<strong>de</strong> that the State shall take all necessarymeasures to ensure the protection by the competent authorities of everyone, (…) against anyviolence, threats, retaliation, <strong>de</strong> facto or <strong>de</strong> jure adverse discrimination, pressure or any otherarbitrary action as a consequence of his or her legitimate exercise of the rights referred to in theDeclaration”.Letter of allegationsEritrea787. On 12 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent a letter ofallegations to the Government in relation to the arrests, <strong>de</strong>tention and <strong>de</strong>aths of journalists inEritrea since 2001.788. We would like to draw the attention of your Excellency’s Government to the fact thatinformation regarding the alleged <strong>de</strong>aths of Mr. Seyoum Tsehaye (or Fsehaye), Mr. DawitHabtemichael and Mr. Yusuf Mohamed Ali, as well as the <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Medhane Tewel<strong>de</strong>(also i<strong>de</strong>ntified as Medhane Haile), Mr. Temesghen Gebreyesus, Mr. Said Abdulka<strong>de</strong>r, Mr.Emanuel Asrat and Mr. Fessehaye “Joshua” Yohannes was the subject of a letter of allegationsent to your Excellency’s Government on 29 November 2006.789. In addition, a letter of allegation regarding the <strong>de</strong>ath of Mr. Fessehaye “Joshua”Yohannes allegedly as a result of the treatment he had received un<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>tention and of veryharsh conditions in Dongolo prison was also sent to your Excellency’s Government on 9 March2007. As yet a response to these letters of allegation has not been received from yourExcellency’s Government.790. According to additional information received, Mr. Said Abdulka<strong>de</strong>r, Foun<strong>de</strong>r and Editorof Admas and former journalist with public-owned Haddas Eritrea, was arrested on 20September 2001 and believed to have died in <strong>de</strong>tention in March 2005.791. Mr. Medhane Tewel<strong>de</strong> (or Medhane Haile), former Deputy Editor of Keste Debena, wasarrested on 18 September 2001 and <strong>de</strong>tained in cell no.8 in Eiraeiro Prison Camp. It has beenreported that he died in February 2006, and that his body has never been han<strong>de</strong>d over to hisfamily.792. Mr. Mattewos Habteab, Editor and co-Foun<strong>de</strong>r of Meqaleh, was arrested on 19September 2001 and is currently <strong>de</strong>tained in Dahlak Island Prison.793. Mr. Dawit Isaac, owner and co-Foun<strong>de</strong>r of Setit, was arrested on 23 September 2001 andhas been <strong>de</strong>tained in an unknown location. He was allegedly moved to a hospital in February2009 due to serious illness.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 121794. Mr. Temesghen Gebreyesus and Mr. Emanuel Arsat, whose information was the subjectof the letter of allegation dated 29 November 2006; remain un<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>tention in Dahlak IslandPrison and Eiraeiro Prison Camp respectively.795. It has been reported that the journalists were <strong>de</strong>tained in September 2001 as a result ofinterviewing members of the opposition and reporting on the alleged crackdown againstgovernment critics which took place in July 2001. The licenses of all of the country’s eightin<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt newspapers were also reportedly withdrawn in September 2001.796. Concern was expressed that the continued <strong>de</strong>tention of the above-mentioned journalistsas well as the withdrawal of the licenses of in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt newspapers is a direct attempt to stiflefreedom of expression in Eritrea.Observations797. The Special Rapporteur regrets that, at the time of the finalization of the ciurrent report,no response had been received from the Government regarding the letter of allegations sent on12 August 2009. The Special Rapporteur remains concerned at the large number of arrests,<strong>de</strong>tention and <strong>de</strong>aths of journalists in the country since 2001 which has a serious impact on theright to freedom of opinion and expression and the functioning of an in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt civil societyand media. The Special Rapporteur wishes to bring to the Government’s attention the provisionscontained in the Declaration on Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs (Declaration on the Right andResponsibility of Individuals, Groups and Organs of Society to Promote and Protect UniversallyRecognized Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms) and in particular article 6 point b) and c)which provi<strong>de</strong> that everyone has the right, individually or in association with others as provi<strong>de</strong>dfor in human rights and other applicable inter<strong>national</strong> instruments, freely to pulish, impart ordisseminate to others views, information and knowledge on all human rights and fundamentalfreedoms; and to study, discuss, form and hold opinions on the observance, both in law and inpractice, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms and, through these and other appropriatemeans, to draw public attention to those matters.Letter of allegationsEthiopia798. On 21 January 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onViolence against Women and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of theright to freedom of opinion and expression, sent a letter of allegations to the Government, inrelation to concerns about the restrictions to the effectiveness of human rights organizations inEthiopia that may result from the adoption of the “Proclamation for the Registration andRegulation of Charities and Societies” (hereinafter: “the Proclamation”).799. The Proclamation was the subject of an urgent appeal sent on 17 July 2008 by the SpecialRapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression. No reply has beenreceived to date from your Excellency’s Government to the communication.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 122800. The Proclamation was adopted on 5 January 2009 by the Ethiopian Parliament. Theadoption of the law was prece<strong>de</strong>d by several months’ negotiations during which the draft wassubject to amendments.801. While we consi<strong>de</strong>r the stated aim to enhance the transparency and accountability of civilsociety organization is legitimate, we are of the opinion that the law in its current form will resultin serious restrictions on the activities of NGOs working on a host of human rights issues. Thestrict implementation of the Proclamation would ren<strong>de</strong>r it nearly impossible for civil societyorganizations to carry out their work in Ethiopia.802. The Proclamation establishes three categories of non-governmental organizations(referred to in the Proclamation as “charities” or “societies”): Ethiopian Charities or Societies;Ethiopian Resi<strong>de</strong>nts Charities and Foreign Charities. Ethiopian Resi<strong>de</strong>nt Charities are <strong>de</strong>fined asthose “formed un<strong>de</strong>r the laws of Ethiopia and which consist of members whom all dwell inEthiopia and who receive more than 10% of their funds form foreign country sources”. ForeignCharities are <strong>de</strong>fined un<strong>de</strong>r the provisions of the Proclamation as “Charities that are formedun<strong>de</strong>r the laws of foreign countries or which consist of members who are foreign <strong>national</strong>s or arecontrolled by foreign <strong>national</strong>s or receive funds from foreign country sources”.803. As a result of these provisions, even Ethiopian NGOs formed un<strong>de</strong>r Ethiopian laws andconsisting of Ethiopian members would not be <strong>de</strong>fined as Ethiopian Charities in case theyreceive more than 10% of their funding from “foreign country sources”. “Income from foreignsource” inclu<strong>de</strong>s any transfer ma<strong>de</strong> from a foreign source, including from Ethiopians livingabroad. The consequences of the <strong>de</strong>finition are serious, as Foreign and Ethiopian Resi<strong>de</strong>ntCharities are expressly banned from carrying out any work related to: ‘the advancement ofhuman and <strong>de</strong>mocratic rights’; ‘the promotion of equality of nations, <strong>national</strong>ities and peoplesand that of gen<strong>de</strong>r and religion’; ‘the promotion of the rights of the disabled and children’srights’; ‘the promotion of conflict resolution or reconciliation’; ‘the promotion of the justice andlaw enforcement services’.804. The Proclamation expressly bars Ethiopian NGOs which receive more than 10% of theirfunding from foreign sources from working on the areas listed above. It would also make anywork by foreign NGOs in these fields illegal without the written consent of the Ethiopiangovernment. Section 1.3.2 (b) namely provi<strong>de</strong>s that the Proclamation shall not be applicable to“inter<strong>national</strong> or foreign organizations operating in Ethiopia by virtue of an agreement with theGovernment of the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.805. The Proclamation establishes the Charities and Societies Agency (hereinafter: theAgency) with wi<strong>de</strong>-ranging discretionary powers to refuse to accord legal recognition to NGOs,to disband NGOs that have already been legally recognized, and to subject NGOs to intrusivepatterns of surveillance. The Agency will be governed by a Chief Director who will benominated by the government. The Agency will have a Charities and Societies Board(hereinafter: Board) consisting of seven members, nominated by the government. The powers ofthe Agency are broad and vaguely <strong>de</strong>fined. For instance, the Agency may refuse to register anNGO if “the proposed Charity or Society is likely to be used for unlawful purposes or forpurposes prejudicial to public peace, welfare or the good or<strong>de</strong>r in Ethiopia” . In most cases the<strong>de</strong>cisions of the Agency are not subject to the right of appeal. Foreign and Ethiopian Resi<strong>de</strong>ntCharities have no right to appeal the Agency’s <strong>de</strong>cisions in court.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 123806. All NGOs, including those already established, are required to register with the Agencywithin three months of their establishment. The licence shall be renewed every three years. TheAgency may “from time to time institute inquiries with regard to Charities or Societies” and may,by or<strong>de</strong>r require the NGO or any officer or employee to furnish any information in theirpossession which relates to any Charity or Society” .807. The Proclamation also prescribes criminal penalties for administrative infractions.Although the lengthy prison sentences contained in previous drafts of the law had been removedfrom the final Proclamation as adopted, it still contains a provision which foresees that “anyperson who violates the provisions of this proclamation shall be punishable in accordance withthe provisions of the criminal co<strong>de</strong>”. This provision is extremely vague, especially given that theprevious prison sentences foreseen for violations of the Proclamation have been changed intofines.808. Article 31 of the Ethiopian Constitution guarantees the right to freedom of association“for any cause or purpose” except in cases where organizations are formed “in violation ofappropriate laws” or in or<strong>de</strong>r to subvert the Constitution. Article 30 of the Constitutionguarantees the right to freedom of assembly, and Art 29 guarantees the right to freedom ofexpression. All of these rights are subject to caveats articulated in the Constitution, but at thesame time Art 13 requires that the rights be interpreted “in a manner conforming to the principlesof the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenants on Human Rights andinter<strong>national</strong> instruments adopted by Ethiopia”.809. Several provisions of the Proclamation, especially those restricting the work of foreignand Ethiopian NGOs are not consistent with Art 22 of the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civil andPolitical Rights and Ethiopia’s Constitution. Furthermore, as a UN member state, Ethiopia isrequired to uphold the UN Declaration on Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs. The Declaration, which wasadopted by the <strong>General</strong> <strong>Assembly</strong> by consensus on 9 December 1998, does not contain newrights, but merely articulates existing ones so that it is easier to apply to the practical role andsituation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs.Response from the Government810. The Government respon<strong>de</strong>d in a letter dated 16 February 2009 to the communication senton 21 January 2009. The Government confirmed that the Charities and Societies ProclamationNo. 12/2009 was passed by the Parliament. Its principal objectives, as stated in the Proclamation,are ensuring citizens right to association and aiding and facilitating the role of CSOs in theoverall <strong>de</strong>velopment of the people of Ethiopia. A necessary element in implementing theseobjectives is ensuring transparency and accountability. While the Government admits that theRapporteurs basically cited provisions in the Proclamation with accuracy, it noted that it wouldbe hard to agree with the interpretations and implications given to most of the provisions cited inthe letter. Statements such as the Proclamations would restrict “effectiveness of human rightsorganizations”, that the Agency has “powers broad and vaguely <strong>de</strong>fined”, and some of theprovisions are “not consistent with Article 22 of the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civil and PoliticalRights and Ethiopia’s Constitution” are some of the statements which would not accurately<strong>de</strong>scribe the word and spirit of the Proclamation.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 124811. Regarding the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Government does not <strong>de</strong>nythe universality of the human rights enshrined in the UDHR. One way or another, andirrespective of the instrument’s formal validity, the Government consi<strong>de</strong>rs this document togui<strong>de</strong> human rights standards and implementation in the world. The Government further believesthat the two Covenants and other inter<strong>national</strong> (and regional) human rights instruments to mostof which Ethiopia has subscribed have ensured the interpretation and concrete applicationof theDeclaration. The Government also holds no reservations towards the Declaration on the Rightand Responsibility of Individuals, Groups and Organs of Society to Promote and ProtectUniversally Recognized Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The Government recognizesthe Declaration’s objectives of reiteration and calling the attention of all concerned to universaland fundamental human rights standards.812. With regard to the 2004 report by the Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> onthe situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs (A/59/401), the Government appreciates the“encouragement” the Rapporteurs have exten<strong>de</strong>d towards the Government for theimplementation of the recommendations on good practices on NGO regulations. While generallythe Government does not object the recommendations on good practices adopted by the thenSpecial Representative – and as a matter of fact many of the recommendations are reflected inthe new legislation, it should be stressed that the implementation of most of therecommendations requires an i<strong>de</strong>al situation, which the country finds very hard.813. For example, the recommendations require registration to be optional. In a <strong>de</strong>velopingcountry like Ethiopia, in a country where self-regulation by charities and societies is mostly nonexistent,and a country where the government has yet to <strong>de</strong>vise a mechanism where charities andsocieties have to answer to their members, contributors and beneficiaries, it would not be easy toimagine charities and societies ri<strong>de</strong> free. Assuming that there is no requirement of registration –which in effect means no requirement of reporting on financial and administrative matters – inwhat ways, un<strong>de</strong>r the country’s present circumstances, is a charity to be accountable. Oneobjective of the Proclamation has been to introduce the rule of law in the formation, operationand dissolution of these organizations. As i<strong>de</strong>ntified by the Rapporteurs, the Proclamation aimsat ensuring transparency and accountability, which were missing in the operation of the societysince the time they started operating. The only way to ensure rule of law in the operation ofcharities and societies in the country is registration and supervision by the Government.814. While Ethiopian Charities are free to involve in any charitable activity, certain limitationsare imposed on non-Ethiopian charities. The restricted charitable activities, listed in theProclamation, relate to political activities, which the Government believes should not be left toforeigners and foreign funds. The State is at the early stage of <strong>de</strong>mocratization. This process of<strong>de</strong>mocratization has to take root in the country and its people before it is exposed to the undueinfluence of foreigners to the whole political system. Foreigners are normally free in the exerciseof human rights in the country. But for the exercise of political rights, natural limitations have tobe put in place if the exercise of public affairs is required to be free and the sovereignty andin<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of a State and its people are to be maintained. Other activities – activities which donot affect the political system of the country and activities which overlap with the traditionalcharitable activities – are i<strong>de</strong>ntified and allowed in the Proclamation. Foreign charities andsocieties, without discrimination, can engage in those activities.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 125815. As to the Agency, ensuring accountability and transparency has been one of the motivesfor the issuance of the legislation. The Agency, which is entrusted with the implementation ofthe Proclamation, registers and recognizes charities and societies and ensures the observance ofthe law. In addition to supervision through inquiries and investigation of reports, the Agencymay suspend or cancel CSOs that do not abi<strong>de</strong> by the law. But these powers should not lead tothe assertions that the Agency has intrusive powers and that the Agency’s powers are “broad andvaguely <strong>de</strong>fined”. First of all, the Agency has to exercise its powers on the basis of theProclamation and other laws. The Proclamation provi<strong>de</strong>s clear powers and responsibilities of theAgency. These powers given to the Agency are nothing but reasonable in light of the supervisoryfunctions of the Agency. Second, the <strong>de</strong>cisions of the Agency are appealable to the Board ofCharities and Societies, which has two representatives of charities and societies as its members.Third, Ethiopian charities and societies are also allowed to appeal to the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral High Court.816. In relation to the severity of punishment, “fine” is the only penalty that the Proclamationhas introduced. While amount of fine is fixed consi<strong>de</strong>ring such factors as the gravity of theoffence and the ability to pay, the fines provi<strong>de</strong>d in the Proclamation, the Government believes,are nothing out of the ordinary. As to other forms of punishment, the Proclamation refers to theCriminal Co<strong>de</strong>. With or without reference, the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong> applies to crimes and punishmentwithout distinction of anyone including charities and societies and officers associated with them.If persons involved in charitable activities commit crimes as <strong>de</strong>fined in the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>,exclusion of criminal law from the operation of “charitable activities” would be out of reason.817. As a fe<strong>de</strong>ral legislation, the Proclamation is issued by the HPR. As in any <strong>de</strong>mocraticsociety, the HPR, which obtains authority from the Constitution, must abi<strong>de</strong> by the Constitutionand the inter<strong>national</strong> human rights standards zealously embraced by the Constitution. Two of theprovisions that caused the concerns of the Rapporteurs are Article 19 on freedom of expressionand Article 21 on peaceful assembly. However, the Government finds it hard to see how thesefundamental rights are restricted by the Proclamation. The Proclamation does not profess toregulate freedom of expression and assembly. They are regulated by separate legislations, whichallow the exercise of those rights without distinction.818. Regarding freedom of association of Article 22 of the Covenant, the Proclamation takesthe “realization of citizen’s right to association” as a prime motive in enacting the Proclamation.But still this right should be in line with the fundamentals of political rights. Should foreignersbe allowed to form political organizations to exercise their right of association? Obviously theEthiopian laws, like the laws of any other sovereign State, do not allow political association toforeigners. This is not discrimination. Such prohibitions are associated with the sovereignty of acountry, which would be lost if foreigners got engaged in such crucial public affairs.819. It is the Government’s firm belief that the Covenant’s reservation of public affairs tocitizens (Article 25) is triggered by the traditional concern of sovereignty. Presently politicalactivities are becoming more and more intertwined with other social and charitable activities.Hence caution has to be exercised in allowing foreigners to carry out “charitable” activities lestthe State would fall un<strong>de</strong>r the influence of external forces. The issue then would be to <strong>de</strong>terminethe extent of freedom of association permitted to foreigners and foreign funds. In <strong>de</strong>ciding this<strong>de</strong>licate matter, the Government has limited the operation of foreign charities on some charitableactivities that the Government believes would substantially involve public affairs.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 126820. The Covenant’s rights to freedom of expression, freedom of assembly and freedom ofassociation are the same as the Constitution’s. Compatibility with the Covenant’s provisionsshould be presumed to imply compatibility with the Constitution’s provisions. The Constitutionsarticle 29 (the right of thought, opinion and expression) and article 31 (the right of assembly,<strong>de</strong>monstration and petition) are governed by other laws such as Peaceful Demonstration andPublic Political Meeting Procedure Proclamation No. 3/1991 – which is in line with theConstitution and inter<strong>national</strong> human rights standards ensures the right to peaceful assembly and<strong>de</strong>monstration – and the Freedom of the Mass Media and Access to Information ProclamationNo. 590/2008 – which implements some aspects of the Constitution’s freedom of expression.821. Un<strong>de</strong>r Article 31, which is more related to CSOs, the Constitution enshrines the freedomof association for “any cause or purpose”. But it also envisages the existence of “appropriate”laws to prohibit some organizations. The Proclamation on CSOs may be consi<strong>de</strong>red such a lawwith regard to foreign CSOs. The appropriateness of prohibition by the Proclamation against theparticipation of foreign CSOs in some charitable activities should be tested in light of the rightsof participation in public affairs. Un<strong>de</strong>r the Constitution, participation in public affairs isreserved for citizens. On the basis of the Government’s appreciation, the unlimited involvementof foreigners in charitable activities has in the past impaired the free exercise by citizens of theirrights to participate in public affairs. As stated before, allowing all “charitable” activities toforeigners would also expose the State to undue influence of its political system. Hence theGovernment has taken the legitimate measure of limiting involvement of foreigners in thepolitical un<strong>de</strong>rtakings of the country.822. Since the beginning of the Government’s <strong>de</strong>sire to overhaul the legal framework forCSOs some ten years back, suggestions on the possible content of a future legislation have beengathered from stakehol<strong>de</strong>rs. After preparing the initial draft, the Government tabled the draft forpublic discussion. Before the final draft was sent to the Parliament, extensive discussions beforethe Council of Ministers had taken place. A number of consultative meetings with charities andsocieties had also been conducted. High profile consultative meetings with NGOs chaired byhigher officials such as the Minister of Justice, and, even on two occasions, chaired by the PrimeMinister himself, are believed to have given NGOS the opportunity to comment on the draftlegislation and provi<strong>de</strong> their recommendations. On various occasions, public <strong>de</strong>bate/dialoguewith the participation of prominent civil societies, political parties and professionals, aired via<strong>national</strong> television, was conducted. In the HPR as well, before the passage of the Proclamation,the committee of the House had invited concerned organs especially CSOs for public hearing oftheir views before the House.823. Given the number of amendments ma<strong>de</strong> on the initial draft on the basis ofrecommendations from various stakehol<strong>de</strong>rs, it is difficult to state the exact extent ofincorporation of the views of CSOs in the final legislation. However, the amendments ma<strong>de</strong> onthe initial draft mostly owe themselves to the recommendations by civil society. To mention few,the penalty of imprisonment was removed from the final legislation; a third category of“Ethiopian Resi<strong>de</strong>nt Charities and Societies” was introduced; the possibility of a police officer oran agency or other government official having had the right to attend in all meetings of CSOswas removed; two of the seven members of the Charities and Societies Board, the highest organof the regulatory Agency, were ma<strong>de</strong> to be nominated from Charities and Societies themselves.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 127Observations824. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government the <strong>de</strong>tailed response provi<strong>de</strong>dregarding the “Proclamation for the Registration and Regulation of Charities and Societies”.However, the Special Rapporteur remains concerned that the law significantly restricts the spacefor in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt human rights activity in the country and has a profound effect on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of civil society. The Special Rapporteur firmly believes that human rightsactivities and monitoring, including the <strong>de</strong>nunciation of human rights abuses, should not beconsi<strong>de</strong>red as political activity and restricted. In this connection, the Special Rapporteur wishesto draw the attention of the Government to the Declaration on Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs((Declaration on the Right and Responsibility of Individuals, Groups and Organs of Society toPromote and Protect Universally Recognized Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms) whichclealy states in its article 1 that “Everyone has the rights, individually and in association withothers, to promote and strive for the protection and realization of human rights and fundamentalfreedoms at the <strong>national</strong> and inter<strong>national</strong> levels”. The provisions of the Declaration clearly referto “everyone” and should not be construed to refer to citizens of a given country. However,un<strong>de</strong>r the “Charities and Societies Law” even Ethiopian citizens are prevented from engaging inhuman rights activities, in case more than 10% of the budget of the non-governmentalorganization is received from above. Such provisions are contrary to not only the Declaration onhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, but also to relevant provisions of the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civiland Political Rights and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.Urgent appealFiji825. On 15 September 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding threats against Mr. Netani Rika, editor-in-chief of the FijiTimes and winner of the Pacific Islands News Association (PINA)’s 2009 Pacific MediaFreedom Award, as well as the situation of media freedom in the Republic of the Fiji Islands.826. According to information received, on 28 August 2009, Real Fiji News, a progovernmentblog, published a statement suggesting that Mr. Rika’s life is un<strong>de</strong>r threat. On thesame day, uni<strong>de</strong>ntified visitors allegedly came to his home, and uni<strong>de</strong>ntified persons reportedlyma<strong>de</strong> calls to his newsroom asking when Mr. Rika would return.827. Reports claim that Mr. Rika has been subjected to numerous threats in the past, includingphone calls from the military <strong>de</strong>manding his presence at the barracks, after which he wassubjected to intimidation by military officers in May 2007, having rocks thrown at his house andcar by unknown men, and an attack on his home with home-ma<strong>de</strong> petrol bombs in March 2009.828. Reports also claim that Mr. Evan Hannah, the publisher of the Fiji Times, was <strong>de</strong>portedin May 2008. Mr. Rex Gar<strong>de</strong>ner, who replaced Mr. Hannah’s position as publisher and chiefexecutive officer of the Fiji Times, was also reportedly <strong>de</strong>ported in January 2009. Several FijiTimes journalists and journalists from other news outlets have also allegedly been <strong>de</strong>tained bythe police for writing stories that are critical of the government.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 128829. Concern was expressed that the recent threat and intimidation against Mr. Rika and otherjournalists working with the Fiji Times was related to critical reports on the military coup andmedia sanctions, and that such acts might represent a direct attempt to stifle freedom of opinionand expression in the Republic of the Fiji Islands. Further concern was expressed regarding thephysical and psychological integrity of Mr. Rika and journalists in general who voice peacefulcriticisms of the government.830. Concerns regarding the crackdown on media freedom in the Republic of the Fiji Islandswere previously communicated to the Government on 30 April 2009 by the Special Rapporteuron the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression. Thecommunication also addressed concerns regarding the Public Emergency Regulations, whichinter alia prohibit editors to publish or broadcast any material that shows the military in anunfavourable light and permit media organizations to be closed down if prior approval to publishsensitive stories is not obtained from the government.Observations831. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of finalizing the present report, theGovernment had not transmitted a reply to her aforementioned communication as well as to allher previous communications sent on 14 April 2008, 29 January 2007 (twice) and 25 January2007. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications an important part of the cooperation ofGovernments with her mandate. She urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised byher, and provi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken to prosecute theperpetrators as well as protective measures taken to ensure the physical and mental integrity of<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and their families.Lettre d’allégationsFrance832. Le 7 juillet 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale a envoyé une lettre d’allégations auGouvernement concernant la situation <strong>de</strong> M. Michel Forst, Secrétaire général <strong>de</strong> la Commission<strong>national</strong>e consultative <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme (CNCDH).833. Selon les informations reçues, M. Forst ne serait prochainement pas reconduit dans sesfonctions <strong>de</strong> Secrétaire général <strong>de</strong> la CNCDH, sur décision du cabinet du Premier Ministre.834. Cette décision, si finalement prise, serait contraire à l’article 16 du décret en Conseild’Etat du 26 juillet 2007 qui dispose que « le Secrétariat <strong>de</strong> la CNDH est assuré par un Secrétairegénéral nommé sur proposition du Prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> la Commission ». Hors, ce <strong>de</strong>rnier aurait proposéque le mandat <strong>de</strong> M. Forst soit reconduit pour une pério<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> 3 ans, conformément à l’article 16précité.835. Dans un courrier en date du 31 octobre 2007, le Comité inter<strong>national</strong> <strong>de</strong> coordination <strong>de</strong>sinstitutions <strong>national</strong>es pour la promotion et la protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme avait informé lePrési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> la République française <strong>de</strong>s « réserves émises par le sous-comité d’accréditationquant aux interventions du cabinet du Premier Ministre dans les modalités <strong>de</strong> nomination <strong>de</strong>l’instance dirigeante ».


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 129836. Des craintes ont été exprimées quant au fait que l’éventuelle non-reconduction du mandat<strong>de</strong> M. Forst puisse être liée à ses activités légitimes <strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme, enl’occurrence ses activités <strong>de</strong> porte-parole <strong>de</strong> la CNCDH qui s’est exprimée <strong>de</strong> manière critiquesur les récentes lois adoptées en France en matière <strong>de</strong> sécurité et <strong>de</strong> droit d’asile. Le témoignage<strong>de</strong> M. Forst dans le cadre du procès d’un dirigeant d’une organisation non-gouvernementale, quiavait protesté contre les conditions d’expulsion d’une personne <strong>de</strong> <strong>national</strong>ité congolaise, aégalement été évoqué comme possible raison <strong>de</strong> l’éventuelle non-reconduction du mandat <strong>de</strong> M.Forst.Réponse du Gouvernement837. Par une lettre datée du 8 septembre 2009, le Gouvernement a indiqué que l’arrêtéreconduisant M. Michel Forst dans ses fonctions <strong>de</strong> secrétaire général <strong>de</strong> la Commission<strong>national</strong>e consultative <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme (CNCDH) a été signé par le Premier ministre le 21juillet <strong>de</strong>rnier. Le même jour, le Premier ministre installait officiellement la nouvellecommission, réitérant, au nom du Gouvernement, son attachement au rôle <strong>de</strong> la CNCDH et à sonindépendance, renforcés par la réforme <strong>de</strong> 2007. Il a par ailleurs fait part à cette occasion <strong>de</strong> savolonté d’augmenter la saisine <strong>de</strong> la Commission sur les projets gouvernementaux touchant auxdroits <strong>de</strong> l’homme et <strong>de</strong> son souhait que l’influence <strong>de</strong> la Commission soit étendue. Lesallégations selon lesquelles le mandat <strong>de</strong> M. Forst aurait pu ne pas être renouvelé en raison <strong>de</strong>faits liés à ses activités au sein <strong>de</strong> la CNCDH sont sans fon<strong>de</strong>ment.838. Les autorités françaises tiennent également à rappeler que la France considère laprotection <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme et le respect et la promotion <strong>de</strong> la Déclaration« sur le droit et la responsabilité <strong>de</strong>s individus, groupes et organes <strong>de</strong> la société, <strong>de</strong> promouvoir etprotéger les droits <strong>de</strong> l’Homme et les libertés fondamentales universellement reconnus » commeétant une priorité, tant sur le plan inter<strong>national</strong>, que sur son territoire.Lettre d’allégations839. Le 10 décembre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécialsur le droit à l'éducation et le Rapporteur spécial sur les droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme <strong>de</strong>s migrants, aenvoyé une lettre d’allégation au Gouvernement reçues au sujet <strong>de</strong> la mise en œuvre d’unlogiciel <strong>de</strong> données « <strong>Base</strong>-élèves premier <strong>de</strong>gré» au sein <strong>de</strong> l’Education <strong>national</strong>e dans lequelsont inscrites <strong>de</strong>s données nominatives concernant les enfants scolarisés dans les établissementsscolaires, et dont les directeurs d’écoles sont dans l’obligation d’y inscrire tous les élèvesscolarisés dans leur établissement.840. Le 9 octobre 2009, MM. Clau<strong>de</strong> Didier, Michel Duckit et Rémi Riallan et MmesElisabeth Heurtier et Patricia Arthaud, directeurs et directrices d’écoles dans le département <strong>de</strong>l’Isère, auraient reçu une lettre <strong>de</strong> l’inspection académique <strong>de</strong> leur département leur <strong>de</strong>mandantd’enregistrer les élèves <strong>de</strong> leurs établissements dans le fichier informatique <strong>Base</strong> élèves premier<strong>de</strong>gré, sous peine <strong>de</strong> sanction allant jusqu’au retrait <strong>de</strong> leur postes. Le courrier <strong>de</strong> l’inspectionacadémique préciserait que cette saisie <strong>de</strong>vait être effectuée au plus tard le 25 octobre 2009.841. MM. Didier, Duckit et Rallian et Mmes Heurtier et Arthaud auraient déjà fait l’objet <strong>de</strong>sanctions disciplinaires en raison <strong>de</strong> leur refus d’appliquer l’arrêté du 20 octobre 2008 portantcréation <strong>de</strong> la <strong>Base</strong> élèves premier <strong>de</strong>gré au motif que le fichier serait contraire au droit <strong>de</strong>s


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 130enfants et <strong>de</strong> leurs familles au respect <strong>de</strong> leur vie privée. Plusieurs retenues <strong>de</strong> journées <strong>de</strong> salaireauraient été effectuées à l’encontre <strong>de</strong> ces directeurs. Par ailleurs, M. Jean-Yves Le Gall se seraitvu retirer son poste <strong>de</strong> directeur et aurait été muté d’office pour les même raisons.842. Il est également allegué que plus d’un millier <strong>de</strong> plaintes auraient été déposées par <strong>de</strong>sparents pour enregistrement illégal <strong>de</strong> leurs enfants dans la <strong>Base</strong> élèves premier <strong>de</strong>gré. LeConseil d’Etat aurait été saisi <strong>de</strong> cette question. Les requérants, ainsi que les directeurs d’école,<strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>raient à ce que soient respectées les observations et recommandations récemmentadoptées par le Comité <strong>de</strong>s Nations Unies <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’enfant.843. Des craintes ont été exprimées quant au fait que les mesures disciplinaires prises àl’encontre <strong>de</strong> ces directeurs et directrices d’école ainsi que les menaces <strong>de</strong> sanctionsdisciplinaires soient liées à leurs activités non violentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits<strong>de</strong> l’homme, notamment du droit au respect <strong>de</strong> la vie privée. Des craintes sont égalementsoulevées au sujet <strong>de</strong> la conservation <strong>de</strong> données nominatives <strong>de</strong>s élèves pendant une durée <strong>de</strong>trente-cinq ans, et du fait que ces données pourraient être utilisées pour la recherche <strong>de</strong>s enfants<strong>de</strong> parents migrants en situation irrégulière ou pour la collecte <strong>de</strong> données sur la délinquance.Observations844. La Rapporteuse spéciale remercie le Gouvernement pour sa réponse en date du 8septembre 2009, mais regrette, au moment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport, l’absence <strong>de</strong>réponse à sa communication du 10 décembre 2009. Elle considère les réponses à sescommunications comme partie intégrante <strong>de</strong> la coopération <strong>de</strong>s gouvernements avec son mandat.Elle exhorte le Gouvernement à répondre au plus vite aux craintes exprimées dans celles-ci.Appel urgentGabon845. Le 7 janvier 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec la Prési<strong>de</strong>nte-Rapporteurdu Groupe <strong>de</strong> Travail sur la détention arbitraire et le Rapporteur spécial sur la promotion et laprotection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, a envoyé un appel urgent auGouvernement concernant la situation <strong>de</strong> MM. Gregory Ngbwa Mintsa, plaignant dans l’affaire<strong>de</strong>s « Biens Mal Acquis » initiée en France, Marc Ona Essangui, Coordinateur pour le Gabon<strong>de</strong> la campagne « Publiez Ce Que Vous Payez » qui milite pour une gestion transparente <strong>de</strong>srevenus <strong>de</strong>s industries extractives, Georges Mpaga, Prési<strong>de</strong>nt du Réseau <strong>de</strong>s OrganisationsLibres <strong>de</strong> la Bonne Gouvernance au Gabon, Dieudonné Koungou, journaliste au bimensuelprivé Tendance Gabon et Gaston Asseko, Directeur technique <strong>de</strong> la radio Sainte-Marieappartenant à l'Eglise catholique.846. Selon les informations reçues, les 30 et 31 décembre 2008, MM. Gregory Ngbwa Mintsa,Marc Ona Essangui, Georges Mpaga, Dieudonné Koungou et Gaston Asseko auraient été arrêtésà Libreville par <strong>de</strong>s agents <strong>de</strong>s services <strong>de</strong> renseignement. Aucun mandat n’aurait été produit lors<strong>de</strong> cette arrestation. Les cinq personnes auraient été conduites dans les locaux <strong>de</strong> la policejudiciaire <strong>de</strong> la ville et n’auraient à ce jour pas eu accès à un avocat. Les charges retenues contreelles ne sont pas connues.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 131847. Par ailleurs, il est allégué que M. Gaston Asseko, qui aurait récemment subi uneintervention chirurgicale et <strong>de</strong>vrait prendre correctement un traitement postopératoire, ainsi queMM. Marc Ona Essangui, Georges Mpaga et Dieudonné Koungou, seraient détenus torses nusdans un sous-sol humi<strong>de</strong>. Quant à M. Gregory Ngbwa Mintsa, celui-ci souffrirait d’œdèmes surles membres inférieurs.848. Des craintes ont été exprimées quant au fait que l’arrestation et la détention <strong>de</strong> MM.Gregory Ngbwa Mintsa, Marc Ona Essangui, Georges Mpaga, Dieudonné Koungou et GastonAsseko soient liées à leurs activités non-violentes <strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme, enparticulier leur travail sur le thème <strong>de</strong> la bonne gouvernance et <strong>de</strong> la transparence financière. Descraintes sont également exprimées pour l’intégrité physique et morale <strong>de</strong>s cinq détenus.Réponse du Gouvernement849. Par une lettre en date du 23 février 2009, le Gouvernement a indiqué que le Ministre <strong>de</strong>l’intérieur a saisi le Procureur <strong>de</strong> la République sur la base d’informations relatives à <strong>de</strong>s actionsen cours et en préparation, tendant à porter atteinte à la sécurité et à la stabilité <strong>de</strong>s institutions.Une enquête préliminaire a été ouverte par le Procureur <strong>de</strong> la République et a abouti àl’interpellation, le 31 décembre 2009, <strong>de</strong> MM. Marc Ona Essangui, Gregoire Ngbwa Mintsa,Gaston Asseko Mba, Bernard Poathy (journaliste), Léon Dieudonné Koungou et Georges Mpaga.Les personnes amenées ont été, pour certaines, auditionnées et relâchées, et pour d’autres,auditionnées et gardées en vue dans les locaux <strong>de</strong> la Police judiciaire pendant 72 heures pour lesbesoins <strong>de</strong> l’enquête et ce, conformément aux dispositions pertinentes du Co<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> procédurepénale gabonais. M. Léon Dieudonné Koungou a été remis en liberté. Il est important <strong>de</strong>souligner qu’en ce qui concerne la durée <strong>de</strong> la gar<strong>de</strong> à vue, les jours fériés ne sont pas pris encompte.850. Suite aux résultats <strong>de</strong> l’enquête préliminaire, MM. Ona Essangui, Ngbwa Mintsa, AssekoMba, Poathy et Mpaga ont été présentés au Juge qui les a mis en examen. Ces quatre personnesont été inculpées pour détention <strong>de</strong> documents en vue <strong>de</strong> leur diffusion dans un but <strong>de</strong>propagan<strong>de</strong> écrite, aux fins d’incitation à la révolte contre les autorités <strong>de</strong> l’Etat, conformémentaux dispositions <strong>de</strong>s articles 88, 89 et 90 du Co<strong>de</strong> pénal gabonais. Les chefs d’inculpationretenus constituent <strong>de</strong>s infractions pénales prévues et punies par lesdits articles. Le 7 janvier2009, les personnes inculpées ont été placées sous mandat <strong>de</strong> dépôt et déférées à la maisond’arrêt <strong>de</strong> Libreville. A la <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> leurs avocats, Me Rufin Nkoulou Ondo et Me BertrandHoma Moussavou du Barreau gabonais, les prévenus ont bénéficié d’une mise en libertéprovisoire le 12 janvier 2009, assortie d’une interdiction <strong>de</strong> sortie du territoire jusqu’au terme <strong>de</strong>l’instruction <strong>de</strong> l’affaire. Pendant la durée <strong>de</strong> leur gar<strong>de</strong> à vue, et tout au long <strong>de</strong> la phased’instruction <strong>de</strong> l’affaire, les prévenus ont eu droit à la visite <strong>de</strong> leurs avocats et ont pus’entretenir avec ces <strong>de</strong>rniers sans la moindre entrave. Les prévenus n’ont subi aucune torture ousévices, ni traitements inhumain, cruel ou dégradant.851. Me Thierry Levy, avocat au barreau <strong>de</strong> Paris, qui aurait été mandaté par certainesfamilles <strong>de</strong>s détenus aux côtés <strong>de</strong> Me Nkoulou Ondo, a sollicité le 6 janvier 2009, du Consulatgénéral du Gabon en France, un visa d’entrée au Gabon en vue <strong>de</strong> participer à la défense <strong>de</strong>sprévenus. La seule pièce figurant dans sa <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> visa étant un carnet <strong>de</strong> vaccination, sarequête a été invalidée pour non-conformité aux dispositions <strong>de</strong> l’article 2 <strong>de</strong> la Conventionfranco-gabonaise <strong>de</strong> 1992, relative à la circulation <strong>de</strong>s personnes. Notification a été faite à


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 132l’intéressé <strong>de</strong> compléter son dossier selon les stipulations susmentionnées, auprès du Consulat duGabon, pour un réexamen <strong>de</strong> sa requête.Appel urgent852. Le 7 octobre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécial surla promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, a envoyé un appelurgent concernant la situation <strong>de</strong> MM. Jonas Moulenda et Albert Yangari. M. Moulenda estjournaliste au quotidien « L'Union » et M. Yangari directeur <strong>de</strong> publication du même journal.853. Selon les informations reçues, le 26 septembre 2009, le domicile <strong>de</strong> M. Moulenda auraitété perquisitionné par trois agents <strong>de</strong>s services <strong>de</strong> sécurité en tenue civile. Ces <strong>de</strong>rniers auraientemporté l’agenda <strong>de</strong> M. Moulenda qui contenait son répertoire téléphonique, <strong>de</strong>s adresses et <strong>de</strong>snotes.854. Il est allégué que lors <strong>de</strong> cette perquisition un hélicoptère faisait la ron<strong>de</strong> au <strong>de</strong>ssus duquartier <strong>de</strong> M. Moulenda tandis que <strong>de</strong>s éléments du régiment <strong>de</strong> parachutistes gabonais s’étaientpostés à l'entrée <strong>de</strong> la rue menant à son domicile.855. Le même jour, craignant d'être arrêté par les services spéciaux <strong>de</strong>s forces arméesgabonaises, M. Moulenda se serait refugié dans une ambassa<strong>de</strong> à Libreville.856. Il est allégué que cette perquisition serait liée à la publication par M. Moulenda d’unesérie <strong>de</strong> reportages contestant le bilan officiel <strong>de</strong> trois morts lors <strong>de</strong>s émeutes post- électoralesqui ont secoué Port-Gentil du 3 au 6 septembre 2009. La série d’articles, publiée du 20 au 24septembre 2009, ferait état <strong>de</strong> 22 morts, <strong>de</strong> corps emportés par <strong>de</strong>s militaires vers <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong>stinations inconnues et <strong>de</strong> la possible existence d’un charnier.857. Par ailleurs, le 25 septembre 2009, M. Yangari aurait été interpellé par les servicesspéciaux <strong>de</strong>s forces armées gabonaises pour avoir laissé M. Moulenda publier ces articles. Ces<strong>de</strong>rniers auraient exigé <strong>de</strong> M. Yangari qu’il leur indique où trouver M. Moulenda.858. Des craintes ont été exprimées quant au fait que cette perquisition au domicile <strong>de</strong> M.Moulenda ainsi que l’interpellation <strong>de</strong> M. Yangari soient liées à leurs activités non violentes <strong>de</strong>promotion et <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. Compte tenu <strong>de</strong>s circonstances ayant entourécette perquisition et <strong>de</strong> la fuite <strong>de</strong> M. Moulenda, <strong>de</strong>s craintes ont également été exprimées quantà son intégrité physique et psychologique.Observations859. La Rapporteuse spéciale remercie le Gouvernement pour sa réponse en date du 23 février2009, mais regrette, au moment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport, l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse à sacommunication du 7 octobre 2009. Elle considère les réponses à ses communications commepartie intégrante <strong>de</strong> la coopération <strong>de</strong>s gouvernements avec son mandat. Elle exhorte leGouvernement à répondre au plus vite aux craintes exprimées dans celles-ci, notamment enfournissant <strong>de</strong>s informations précises sur les enquêtes menées afin <strong>de</strong> traduire en justice lesauteurs <strong>de</strong>s faits et les mesures <strong>de</strong> protection prises pour assurer l’intégrité physique et mentale<strong>de</strong>s défenseurs et <strong>de</strong> leurs familles.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 133Letter of allegationsGambia860. On 8 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent a letter ofallegations concerning the <strong>de</strong>tention of tra<strong>de</strong> union lea<strong>de</strong>rs and journalists Ms. Sarata Jabbi-Dibba, Mr. Emil Touray and Mr. Pa Modou Faal, Vice-Presi<strong>de</strong>nt, Secretary <strong>General</strong> andTreasurer respectively of the Gambia Press Union (GPU), Mr. Sam Sarr, Editor, Mr.Abubacarr Saidykhan, reporter with the opposition newspaper Foroyaa, Mr. Ebrima Sawaneh,News Editor, and Mr. Pap Saine, Managing Editor with the Point newspaper.861. According to information received, on 12 June 2009, a statement published by theGambian Press Union (GPU) in The Point and Foroyaa newspapers criticized Presi<strong>de</strong>nt YahyaJammeh for his <strong>de</strong>nial of any alleged State involvement in the mur<strong>de</strong>r of prominent Gambianjournalist Deyda Hydara, who was killed by gunmen in his car on the outskirts of Banjul inDecember 2004. The GPU statement further linked the poor state of media freedom in thecountry to state-sponsored harassment and intimidation of journalists. The Presi<strong>de</strong>nt’s remarkswere ma<strong>de</strong> during an interview broadcast on Government television GRTS on 8 June.862. On 15 June 2009, Ms. Sarata Jabbi-Dibba, Mr. Emil Touray and Mr. Pa Modou Faalwere summoned by the Gambian National Intelligence Agency (GNIA) in Banjul for questioningin relation to the aforementioned GPU statement and they were subsequently arrested. On thesame day, NIA officers in plain clothes arrested Mr. Sam Sarr, Mr. Abubacarr Saidykhan, Mr.Ebrima Sawaneh, and Mr. Pap Saine in Banjul.863. On 18 June 2009, the seven journalists appeared at Kanifing Police Court where theywere charged with “conspiracy to publish seditious publication”, contrary to Section 368 of theCriminal Co<strong>de</strong>, and “publishing seditious publication”, contrary to Section 51 sub-Section one(A) and (C) of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>. Mr. Touray, Mr. Modou Fall, Mr. Saine, Mr. Sawaneh, Mr.Sarr and Mr. Saidykhan were then taken to Banjul’s Mile Two prison. Ms. Sarata Jabbi-Dibbwas released on bail of 200,000 dalasis, and her colleagues were granted bail four days later. Allare due to appear in court on 7 July 2009.864. Concern was expressed that the aforementioned events might represent a direct attempt toprevent in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt reporting in Gambia thus stifling freedom of expression in the country.Urgent appeal865. On 12 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinionand expression regarding the sentencing of Mr Emil Touray, Secretary <strong>General</strong>; Mr SarataJabbi Dibba, Vice Presi<strong>de</strong>nt and Mr Pa Modou Faal, Treasurer of the Gambian Press Union(GPU); Mr Pap Saine and Mr Ebou Sawaneh, publisher and editor of Point newspaper and MrSam Sarr, editor of Foroyaa newspaper.866. According to information received, on 6 August 2009, Mr Emil Touray, Mr Sarata JabbiDibba, Mr Pa Modou Faal, Mr Pap Saine, Mr Ebou Sawaneh and Mr Sam Sarr were convicted


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 134on six counts of sedition and <strong>de</strong>famation and sentenced to a mandatory sentence of two years’imprisonment and fined 250,000 Dalasis (US$10,000) on two of the six counts. Failure to paywill result in having to serve two extra years for each count. The journalists are reportedly being<strong>de</strong>tained at Mile 2 State Central Prison in Banjul pending appeal. The trial of the six journalistswas reportedly held behind closed doors, allegedly for state security reasons.867. On 15 June 2009, the six journalists were arrested along with Foroyaa reporter AbubakarSaidykhan, by members of the National Intelligence Agency (NIA) and <strong>de</strong>tained without chargefor three days at the NIA headquarters in Banjul. On 18 June, they appeared in court and,without legal representation, were charged with “seditious publication”.868. The arrests and subsequent prosecution of the aforementioned journalists stem from thepublishing of a Press Union statement in The Point and Foroyaa’ on 11 June 2009 that criticizedPresi<strong>de</strong>nt Yayha Jammeh for making "inappropriate" comments during a interview on Statetelevision. During the interview, aired on state-run Gambia Radio and Television Service on 8June, the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt was reportedly questioned about the unsolved mur<strong>de</strong>r of Point Editor DeydaHydara in 2004. During the interview Presi<strong>de</strong>nt Jammeh reportedly said that the Governmentinvestigation into the killing of Mr Hydara had been <strong>de</strong>layed. The GPU statement also called onPresi<strong>de</strong>nt Jammeh to acknowledge the Government’s responsibility for the killing, which thePresi<strong>de</strong>nt had <strong>de</strong>nied in another interview a few days earlier.869. Mr Saine reportedly suffers from a heart condition and is in urgent need of a pacemaker.870. Concern was expressed that the aforementioned prosecution and subsequentimprisonment of Mr Emil Touray, Mr Sarata Jabbi Dibba, Mr Pa Modou Faal, Mr Pap Saine, MrEbou Sawaneh and Mr Sam Sarr might represent a direct attempt to prevent in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ntreporting in the Gambia, thus stifling freedom of expression in the country.Urgent appeal871. On 29 September 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onextrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal regarding therecent speech of the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the Gambia, Colonel A.J.J Jammeh, allegedly threateninghuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and anyone who seeks to “<strong>de</strong>stabilise” the country.872. According to the information received, on 21 September 2009, Presi<strong>de</strong>nt Jammeh<strong>de</strong>livered a speech on the state-owned Gambia Radio and Television Services (GRTS), where heallegedly threatened to kill human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in the Gambia, together with anyone whoseeks to “<strong>de</strong>stabilise” the country. Some excerpts of his speech read as follows: “What I want tomake very clear to everybody and those so-called human rights campaigners is that I will neverallow anyone to <strong>de</strong>stabilise this country. […] If you think that you can collaborate with so-calledhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, and get away with it, you must be living in a dream world. I will killyou, and nothing will come out of it. If you are affiliated with any human rights group, be rest(sic) assured that your security is not guaranteed by my Government. We are ready to killsaboteurs.”


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 135873. Deep concern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity of all humanrights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in the Gambia, including all personnel and persons working with the AfricanCommission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, which has its headquarters in Banjul, and whichwas to hold its 46 th ordinary session from 11 to 25 November 2009. The content of the speechwas of particular concern as it followed a recent case of six journalists who were arrested andsentenced to two years of imprisonment and fined 250,000 Dalasis (US$10,000) for criticizingthe government regarding the lack of investigation into the mur<strong>de</strong>r of journalist Mr. DeydraHydara, which was the subject of our urgent appeal sent to your Excellency’s government on 12August 2009. While the Special Rapporteurs welcomed the fact that the journalists were laterreleased on a presi<strong>de</strong>ntial pardon, they remain concerned that the right to freedom of opinion an<strong>de</strong>xpression is being stifled in the Gambia and that all persons who voice criticism of thegovernment are now exposed to heighted risk to their physical and psychological integrity.Observations874. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of finalizing the present report, theGovernment had not transmitted a reply to the aforementioned communications as well as tothose sent on 1 April 2008 and 11 October 2007. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communicationsan important part of the cooperation of Governments with her mandate. She urges theGovernment to respond to the concerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed information regardinginvestigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken to prosecute the perpetrators as well as protective measures taken toensure the physical and mental integrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and their families.875. As stated in a press release dated 9 October 2010, jointly with Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the SpecialRapporteur on human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs from the African Commission on Human and Peoples'Rights, the Special Rapporteur was <strong>de</strong>eply disturbed by statements attributed to Presi<strong>de</strong>ntJammeh ma<strong>de</strong> on 21 September 2009.876. She urges again the Gambian authorities to take all necessary steps to ensure theprotection by all relevant authorities of everyone, individually and in association with others,against any violence, threats, retaliation, <strong>de</strong> facto or <strong>de</strong> jure adverse discrimination, pressure orany other arbitrary action as a consequence of his or her legitimate exercise of the rights referredto in the Declaration on Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs.877. She further urges again the Gambian Government to take all necessary steps to secure theright to freedom of opinion and expression of all persons, including human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs inthe Gambia, in accordance with fundamental principles as set forth in article 19 of the UniversalDeclaration of Human Rights, and reiterated in article 19 of the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civiland Political Rights.Llamamiento urgenteGuatemala878. El 15 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con las amenazas en contra <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Fredy


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 136Peccerelli, director <strong>de</strong> la Fundación <strong>de</strong> Antropología Forense <strong>de</strong> Guatemala (FAFG), el Sr.Gianni Peccerelli, hermano <strong>de</strong> Fredy Bert Peccerelli, la Sra. Bianka Monterroso, hermana <strong>de</strong>Fredy Peccerelli, el Sr. Omoni Girón, coordinador <strong>de</strong> laboratorio <strong>de</strong> la FAFG y esposo <strong>de</strong> la Sra.Bianka Peccerelli Monterroso.879. El Sr. Peccerelli y la FAFG ya fueron objeto <strong>de</strong> varias comunicaciones <strong>de</strong> la RelatoraEspecial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, Sra. Margaret Sekaggya queenvió una carta el 28 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong>l 2008, y <strong>de</strong> su pre<strong>de</strong>cesora Hina Jilani, que envió cartas el 27<strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong>l 2002 (E/CN.4/2003/104. Add.1 párrafo 224), el 19 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong>l 2003(E/CN.4/2004/94/Add.3, párrafo 194), el 16 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong>l 2005 (E/CN.4/2006/95/Add.1,párrafo 213) y el 21 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong>l 2006 (A/HRC/4/37/Add.1, párrafo 289).880. La FAFG se <strong>de</strong>dica a investigaciones forenses y a la exhumación <strong>de</strong> cadáveres <strong>de</strong>personas enterradas en fosas secretas durante el conflicto interno <strong>de</strong> Guatemala.881. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 8 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, a la 13h13, se habría enviado alSr. Fredy Peccerelli un mensaje <strong>de</strong> correo electrónico que contenía amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte encontra <strong>de</strong> él y <strong>de</strong> su hermano. El supuesto texto <strong>de</strong>l mensaje que es conocido por la RelatoraEspecial, <strong>de</strong>cía que individuos <strong>de</strong>sconocidos estaban siguiendo al Sr. Fredy Peccerelli y que ibana matar sus hermanos. Se escribía que se habían adjuntado fotos al correo electrónico para que elSr. Fredy Peccerelli tomara en serio las amenazas.882. El Sr. Omar Bertoni Girón habría sido copiado en este correo electrónico en el que seadjunta una foto <strong>de</strong>l coche <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Gianni Peccerelli aparcado en una gasolinera situada cerca <strong>de</strong>don<strong>de</strong> viven el Sr. Fredy Peccerelli y el Sr. Gianni Peccerelli. La foto estuviera sellada con fecha<strong>de</strong>l 5 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong>l 2009. Habría sido tomado cuando el Sr. Gianni Peccerelli estaba haciendodiligencias con su guardaespaldas.883. El 12 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, los mismos <strong>de</strong>fensores habrían recibido otro correo electrónicoamenazante. El supuesto texto, el cual es conocido por la Relatora Especial, <strong>de</strong>cía que se estabanvigilando a la Sra. Bianka Monterroso, la esposa <strong>de</strong> Sr. Omar Bertoni Girón y a su hija. Segúnlos informes <strong>de</strong>cía: “Esto les dira. Omar tu esposa se mira muy bien <strong>de</strong> rojo con tu hija. Hoy losvimos frente a la FAFG.” Luego <strong>de</strong>cía que iban primera a matar los hermanos <strong>de</strong>l Sr. FredyPecerelli y luego él mismo.884. La <strong>de</strong>scripción <strong>de</strong> la hermana <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Peccerelli correspondía con la vestimenta <strong>de</strong>l día ycon le había hecho momentos antes <strong>de</strong> recibir el mensaje.885. Se expresó temor que la amenaza en contra <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Fredy Peccerelli, <strong>de</strong> su hermano, Sr.Gianni Peccerelli, y <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Omar Bertoni Girón podría estar relacionada con el trabajo <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>investigación <strong>de</strong> los crimines <strong>de</strong>l pasado y, más en general, en cuestiones <strong>de</strong> justicia y <strong>de</strong>recho ala verdad. Asimismo, se expresó preocupación que los integrantes <strong>de</strong> la FAFG han sidoamenazados <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> hace varios años sin que se hayan procesado o con<strong>de</strong>nado a los responsables<strong>de</strong> las amenazas. A<strong>de</strong>más se alegó que la protección proporcionada fue insuficiente.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 137Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno886. En una carta fechada el 4 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009 el Gobierno respondió al llamamientourgente confirmando que las alegaciones presentadas en la misma fueron exactas.887. Según la carta, el Ministerio Público y Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Gobernación realizaron lasinvestigaciones necesarias en relación con este caso y la Comisión Presi<strong>de</strong>ncial informará en supróxima comunicación los resultados <strong>de</strong> las mismas.888. Sin embargo, el Estado consi<strong>de</strong>ró importante indicar que a pesar <strong>de</strong> consi<strong>de</strong>rar exactoshechos, toda vez que los mismos fueron <strong>de</strong>nunciados, se encuentran en investigación con el fin<strong>de</strong> establecer su origen y los autores responsables <strong>de</strong> éstos.889. Se informó que el Sr. Fredy Peccerelli y su familia presentaron <strong>de</strong>nuncias a la Fiscalía <strong>de</strong>Delitos cometidos Contra Activistas <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio Público, quien realizala investigación correspondiente ante el Juez Segundo <strong>de</strong> Primera Instancia Penal,Narcoactividad y Delitos Contra el Ambiente <strong>de</strong>l Departamento <strong>de</strong> Guatemala. La cartacomunicó también que el Sr. Fredy Peccerelli entregó al Ministerio Público el correo impreso yla fotografía mencionados en el llamamiento urgente. El <strong>de</strong>nunciante indicó que la fotografía fueenviada el 9 <strong>de</strong> enero, en la que aparece el vehículo <strong>de</strong> su hermano Gianni y aclaró que laprimera vez dicha fotografía tenía fecha 5 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, y por daños sufridos en el vehículo,estima que la fotografía pudo ser <strong>de</strong>l 13 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008.890. La carta proporcionó información en relación con las investigaciones y diligenciasiniciadas en relación al caso. Se informó que, entre otras cosas, se tomó <strong>de</strong>claración <strong>de</strong>l Sr. FredyPeccerelli y <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Omar Bertoni Girón y se entrevistó con Fredy Peccerelli en varias ocasiones.Asimismo, se citó verbalmente a la Sra. Jeannette Peccerilli prestar <strong>de</strong>claración.891. A<strong>de</strong>más, se i<strong>de</strong>ntificó el lugar don<strong>de</strong> fue tomada la fotografía enviada y se estableció queen el lugar indicado existen cámaras <strong>de</strong> vi<strong>de</strong>o <strong>de</strong> seguridad, instaladas en la gasolinera ShellSanta Elisa, Avanida Petapa 32-69 <strong>de</strong> la zona 12. Posteriormente, el Ministerio Público solicitó aautorida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> la gasolinera las grabaciones <strong>de</strong> las cámaras <strong>de</strong> seguridad para la investigación yse practicó inspección <strong>de</strong> la memoria <strong>de</strong> equipo <strong>de</strong> cómputo don<strong>de</strong> obran las grabaciones <strong>de</strong> lascámaras <strong>de</strong> televisión <strong>de</strong> seguridad <strong>de</strong> esa estación, procediendo a obtener copia <strong>de</strong> las mismas.Se informó que se practicaron diligencias <strong>de</strong> investigación para i<strong>de</strong>ntificar e individualizar a lapersona que se observa en el vi<strong>de</strong>o tomando la fotografía, entre estas diligencias se tomaron las<strong>de</strong>claraciones <strong>de</strong> los Sres. Augusto Gabriel Saguil (agente <strong>de</strong> seguridad) y Fredy ArmandoPeccerelli Monterroso, la persona que aparece es el Sr. Gianni Peccerelli Monterroso.892. Asimismo, se informó que el Técnico en Informática <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio Público <strong>de</strong>terminólos IP (direcciones electrónicas) utilizados para enviar cada uno <strong>de</strong> los correos electrónicos, asícomo las empresas a los que les han asignado los mismos. En virtud <strong>de</strong> que los propietarios yusuarios <strong>de</strong> los IP, origen <strong>de</strong> los correos electrónicos pertenecen a empresas privadas que prestanese servicio, se solicitó autorización judicial para solicitarle: nombre <strong>de</strong>l usuario que contrató elservicio, servidor utilizado, dirección y región don<strong>de</strong> está instalado y cualquier otro dato queayuda a la investigación.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 138893. La carta comunicó también que se citó al Sr. Gianni Paolo Peccerelli Monterroso paraprestar <strong>de</strong>claración en varias ocasiones y al final, el 28 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, compareció a prestar<strong>de</strong>claración.894. Se comunicó también que se citó a los agentes <strong>de</strong> Policía Nacional Civil que prestanseguridad a las instalaciones <strong>de</strong> la Fundación <strong>de</strong> Antropología <strong>de</strong> Guatemala, no habiendocomparecido.895. Se solicitó al registro fiscal <strong>de</strong> vehículos, traspasos y modificaciones a laSuperinten<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> Administración Tributaria SAT, informe sobre datos <strong>de</strong>l vehículo así comolos datos <strong>de</strong> propiedad, indicando la SAT que dicho vehículo pertenece al Sr. Roberto EstuardoDe León Gálvez.896. En relación con las medidas <strong>de</strong> protección adoptadas en este caso se informó que elEstado <strong>de</strong> Guatemala ha mantenido la seguridad <strong>de</strong> las personas relacionadas a este caso,aplicando mecanismos <strong>de</strong> protección en base el requerimiento que hiciera la CorteInteramericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos, quien otorgó medidas provisionales a favor <strong>de</strong>l Sr.Peccerelli Monterroso y su familia, así como a antropólogos y miembros <strong>de</strong> la Fundación <strong>de</strong>Antropología Forense <strong>de</strong> Guatemala, el 24 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2006.897. Se informó que el Sr. Peccerelli Monterroso y familia, así como los <strong>de</strong>más integrantes <strong>de</strong>la Fundación <strong>de</strong> Antropología Forense tenían asignados 24 elementos <strong>de</strong> seguridadpertenecientes a la División <strong>de</strong> Protección a Personalida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> Sub Dirección <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong>Unida<strong>de</strong>s Especialistas y a la División <strong>de</strong> Protección y Seguridad <strong>de</strong> la Subdirección <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong>Seguridad Pública, ambas <strong>de</strong> la Policía Nacional Civil, proporcionándoles seguridad <strong>de</strong> tipopersonal al Sr. Peccerelli Monterroso y su familia, así como a dos <strong>de</strong> sus antropólogoscolaboradores. Aunado a lo anterior, se le brinda seguridad <strong>de</strong> puesto fijo en la se<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> laFundación <strong>de</strong> Antropología Forense <strong>de</strong> Guatemala FAFG.898. Asimismo, se informó que el caso es analizado, investigado y evaluado constantementepor la Instancia <strong>de</strong> Análisis <strong>de</strong> Ataque contra Defensores <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos en Guatemala,adscrita al Viceministerio <strong>de</strong> Seguridad <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Gobernación, creada por AcuerdoMinisterial No. 103-2008, publicado el 23 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2008.899. Según la carta, las investigaciones <strong>de</strong> todos los hechos <strong>de</strong>nunciados <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el 2002 por elSr. Freddy Armando Peccerelli Monterroso, sus familiars y por otros miembros <strong>de</strong> la Fundación<strong>de</strong> Antropología Forense, aún son investigados por la Fiscalía <strong>de</strong> Delitos contra Activistas <strong>de</strong>Derechos Humanos, <strong>de</strong> conformidad con la legislación penal guatemalteca, en las que se hanlogrado resultados parciales, que hasta el momento no han permitido formular alguna acusación,pero se están incorporando nuevos elementos <strong>de</strong> investigación que permitan concluir la misma,razón por la cual este procedimiento aún se encuentra en su etapa preparatoria.900. El Estado <strong>de</strong> Guatemala expresó su opinión <strong>de</strong> que los mecanismos <strong>de</strong> protecciónaplicados a favor <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Peccerelli, familia y miembros <strong>de</strong> la Fundación <strong>de</strong> AntropologíaForense <strong>de</strong> Guatemala han sido efectivos toda vez que no se ha manifestado hecho físico queatente contra la vida, seguridad, libertad u otras <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y liberta<strong>de</strong>s reconocidos. ElEstado manifestó su intención <strong>de</strong> continuar brindando estas medidas para salvaguardar la vida eintegridad <strong>de</strong> los beneficiarios.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 139Carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones901. El 30 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron una carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con el asesinato <strong>de</strong> los Sres. Amado CorazónMonzón, dirigente <strong>de</strong>l Movimiento <strong>de</strong> Comerciantes Unidos <strong>de</strong> las Calles <strong>de</strong> Coatepeque(MCUCC), y Armando Donaldo Sánchez Betancurt, abogado in<strong>de</strong>pendiente y asesor <strong>de</strong>lComité <strong>de</strong> Unidad Campesina (CUC) y <strong>de</strong>l MCUCC.902. Como dirigente <strong>de</strong>l MCUCC, el Sr. Amado Corazón Monzón había li<strong>de</strong>rado elmovimiento <strong>de</strong> protesta contra el proyecto <strong>de</strong> traslado <strong>de</strong> los comercios tradicionales <strong>de</strong>Coatepeque al nuevo centro <strong>de</strong> mayoreo. El Sr. Armando Donaldo Sánchez Betancurt habríatrabajado conjuntamente con el Sindicato <strong>de</strong> Ven<strong>de</strong>dores <strong>de</strong>l Mercado en la solicitud <strong>de</strong> amparospara evitar sus <strong>de</strong>salojos y con el CUC en el movimiento <strong>de</strong> resistencia.903. El conflicto por la ubicación futura <strong>de</strong>l mercado municipal data <strong>de</strong> 1993 y afecta a más <strong>de</strong>5.000 comerciantes <strong>de</strong> las calles. Los ven<strong>de</strong>dores se oponen a este traslado puesto que nosolamente comprometería sus puestos <strong>de</strong> trabajo sino que a<strong>de</strong>más, el nuevo emplazamiento parasus comercios está supuestamente contaminado y pondría en peligro la salud <strong>de</strong> los trabajadores.Se han dictado varias ór<strong>de</strong>nes <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>salojo, y los comerciantes han obtenido mandamientosjudiciales contra ellas. Algunos comerciantes han protestado, y. en octubre <strong>de</strong> 2008, el gobiernonacional <strong>de</strong>cretó el estado <strong>de</strong> emergencia en Coatepeque.904. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 12 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 06h00,unos <strong>de</strong>sconocidos habrían matado al Sr. Amado Corazón Monzón, dirigente <strong>de</strong>l MCUCC,cuando abría su tienda <strong>de</strong> alimentación. Le habrían disparado tres veces en la cabeza.905. El 23 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, unos <strong>de</strong>sconocidos habrían disparado cuatro tiros al abogadoArmando Sánchez, y lo mataron, cuando aparcaba su automóvil. Su homicidio se produjo trasuna fallida negociación entre el MCUCC y el gobierno local.906. Dos días antes, el 21 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, en un discurso que se retransmitió en dosemisoras <strong>de</strong> radio locales, el Alcal<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> Coatepeque, supuestamente dijo: “los comerciantes vana tener una linda sorpresa el 23 o 24”.907. En visto <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido se expresó temor que los muertes <strong>de</strong> los Sres. ArmandoDonaldo Sánchez Betancurt y Amado Corazón Monzón podrían estar relacionadas con su trabajolegítimo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los trabajadores. Se expresó preocupación por los otros20 dirigentes <strong>de</strong>l MCUCC que según la información recibida corren peligro.Carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones908. El 26 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió una carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobiernola información recibida en relación con el persistente hostigamiento judicial en contra <strong>de</strong>l Sr.Jorge Luis López Sologaistoa.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 140909. Sr. Jorge Luis López Sologaistoa es el Director Ejecutivo <strong>de</strong> la Organización <strong>de</strong> Apoyo auna Sexualidad Integral Frente al Sida (OASIS). La OASIS es una organización guatemaltecaque trabaja en la educación y prevención <strong>de</strong>l VIH/SIDA y en la promoción y protección <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> gays, lesbianas, bisexuales y personas transgénero y otras comunida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> ladiversidad sexual.910. Según la información recibida, el 4 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong>l 2008 un grupo <strong>de</strong> trabajadoras sexualeshabrían puesto una <strong>de</strong>nuncia en el Ministerio Público (MP) contra Laila por varios ataquesviolentos sufrido en la noche anterior. Ese mismo día, el Sr. Jorge Luis López Sologaistoa habríaacompañado a este grupo a la Subestación <strong>de</strong> policía 11-14 (la Casa Central <strong>de</strong> la PolicíaNacional Civil, PNC) para mostrar la <strong>de</strong>nuncia y pedir su atención ante la situación <strong>de</strong>inseguridad en las calles con el aumento <strong>de</strong> violencia que enfrentan las trabajadoras sexuales.911. En la misma noche <strong>de</strong>l 4 <strong>de</strong> julio, el Sr. Jorge Luis López Sologaistoa habría tenidonoticia <strong>de</strong> que otro grupo <strong>de</strong> personas estaba buscando a Laila con intención <strong>de</strong> agredirle. El Sr.Jorge Luis López Sologaistoa habría alertado <strong>de</strong> ello a la policía y a otras trabajadoras sexuales,aconsejándoles a éstas que tomaran las medidas que consi<strong>de</strong>raran oportunas para su seguridad.Habría encontrado a Laila en la calle y le habría repetido lo mismo, recomendándole que secuidara, y volvió a llamar a la PNC para pedir presencia policial. Laila fue atacada algunosminutos <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> este encuentro por personas <strong>de</strong>sconocidas.912. La Fiscalía número 11 <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>litos contra la vida y la integridad <strong>de</strong> las personas <strong>de</strong>l MPinició la acusación contra el Sr. Jorge Luis López Sologaistoa, y el 4 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2008 seemitió una or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> captura en su contra por su supuesta participación en la tentativa <strong>de</strong>asesinato <strong>de</strong> Laila.913. El 23 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, hacia las 10h00, el Sr. Jorge Luis López Sologaistoa se habríapresentado, en el marco <strong>de</strong> una audiencia judicial, ante el Juez Noveno <strong>de</strong> Instancia Penal, porestar siendo acusado <strong>de</strong>l intento <strong>de</strong> asesinato en contra <strong>de</strong> una trabajadora sexual, en hechosocurridos el 4 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2008 (por favor, véase más abajo). El Sr. Juez Lic. Nery OswaldoMedina Mén<strong>de</strong>z habría resoluto que, a pesar <strong>de</strong> que no proce<strong>de</strong> la tipificación <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>lito <strong>de</strong>lintento <strong>de</strong> asesinato, existirían elementos <strong>de</strong> convicción para mantener ligado a proceso a Sr.López Sologaistoa por el <strong>de</strong>lito <strong>de</strong> encubrimiento propio. Según el artículo 474 <strong>de</strong>l Código Penal,encubrimiento propio significa lo siguiente: “Es responsable <strong>de</strong> encubrimiento propio quien sinconcierto, connivencia o acuerdo previos con los autores o cómplices <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>lito pero conconocimiento <strong>de</strong> su perpetración, interviniere con posterioridad, ejecutando alguno <strong>de</strong> lossiguientes hechos: 1. Ocultar al <strong>de</strong>lincuente o facilitar su fuga. 2. Negar a la autoridad, sinmotivo justificado, la entrega <strong>de</strong> un sindicado, perseguido o <strong>de</strong>lincuente que se encuentre en laresi<strong>de</strong>ncia o morada <strong>de</strong> la persona requerida”.914. El argumento <strong>de</strong>l Juez habría sido que se reconoce, tanto por el Sr. López Sologaistoacomo por la víctima, que el acusado habría sido avisado sobre el ataque. A<strong>de</strong>más, el Juez habríatenido dudas sobre si no estaría encubriendo la i<strong>de</strong>ntidad <strong>de</strong> los autores <strong>de</strong> los hechos. Por estasrazones habría resoluto, en primer lugar, el auto <strong>de</strong> procesamiento en contra <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Jorge LuisLópez Sologaistoa por el <strong>de</strong>lito <strong>de</strong> encubrimiento propio y, en segundo lugar, la aplicación <strong>de</strong>medida sustitutiva <strong>de</strong> prisión domiciliaria no vigilada, <strong>de</strong>biendo comparecer cada treinta díasante el oficial cuarto <strong>de</strong>l juzgado noveno. Al mismo tiempo, la Comisión Presi<strong>de</strong>ncialCoordinadora <strong>de</strong> la Política <strong>de</strong>l Ejecutivo en Materia <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos habría informado


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 141sobre las medidas cautelares en beneficio <strong>de</strong>l Sr. López Sologaistoa a fin <strong>de</strong> que se garantice suintegridad física mientras se encuentre ligado a proceso el <strong>de</strong>fensor <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.915. Anteriormente, el Sr. López Sologaistoa, como miembro <strong>de</strong> OASIS, habría sido clave enla <strong>de</strong>nuncia en torno al asesinato <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Juan Pablo Menén<strong>de</strong>z Cartagena, alias “Paulina”,miembro <strong>de</strong> OASIS, ocurrido el 17 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2005 en la “zona 1” <strong>de</strong> la Ciudad <strong>de</strong>Guatemala. Por esta razón, cuenta <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el 3 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2006 con medidas cautelaresor<strong>de</strong>nadas por la Corte Interamericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos.916. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido, se expresó temor que el hostigamiento judicial en contra <strong>de</strong>lSr. Jorge Luis López Sologaistoa podría estar relacionado con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s legítimas en la<strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en la educación y prevención <strong>de</strong>l VIH/SIDA y en la promocióny protección <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> gays, lesbianas, bisexuales y personas transgénero y otrascomunida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> la diversidad sexual. Se expresó preocupación por los juicios en contra Sr. JorgeLuis López Sologaistoa y por la seguridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> los/las <strong>de</strong>fensores/as <strong>de</strong> lacomunidad transgénero en Guatemala.Llamamiento urgente917. El 23 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y el el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con las amenazas contra el Sr. Leocadio JuracánJalomé, coordinador <strong>de</strong>l Comité Campesino <strong>de</strong>l Altiplano (CCDA).918. El CCDA trabaja en temas relacionados con el <strong>de</strong>sarrollo rural y el apoyo al trabajo <strong>de</strong>los campesinos campesinas guatemaltecas. Los programas que <strong>de</strong>sarrolla el Comité en el trabajoson proyectos para la soberanía alimentaria y <strong>de</strong>sarrollo rural; y que apoya programas <strong>de</strong> unnuevo mo<strong>de</strong>lo <strong>de</strong> organización campesina, el empo<strong>de</strong>ramiento organizativo <strong>de</strong> la mujer y latransformación y comercialización <strong>de</strong> la producción y servicios sociales. El Sr. Juracán Jaloméa<strong>de</strong>más es miembro <strong>de</strong>l Consejo Político <strong>de</strong>l movimiento Sindical, Indígena y CampesinoGuatemalteco (MSICG).919. Según la información recibida, el 26 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 11h30,el Sr. Juracan Jalomé habría recibido una llamada a su teléfono móvil en la cual un hombre sini<strong>de</strong>ntificar le habría dicho: “Estoy haciendo una investigación secreta y quiero hablar contigoinmediatamente; estás discriminando y manipulando a los campesinos, haciendo mal uso <strong>de</strong>lcargo que tenés [sic.] como dirigente, en este momento hay una persona <strong>de</strong> lentes que estáponiendo una <strong>de</strong>nuncia en contra tuya, quiero saber en don<strong>de</strong> estas para que arreglemos cuentas”.Cuando Leocadio Juracán Jalomé habría preguntado dón<strong>de</strong> se podría reunir con su interlocutor,éste le habría dicho que fuera a Escuintla, una ciudad en el suroeste <strong>de</strong> Guatemala. Luego, laconversación habría quedado interrumpida. La Fiscalía <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos habría sidoinformada <strong>de</strong> este suceso.920. Con anterioridad a la mencionada conversación telefónica, el 19 y el 22 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong>2009, el Sr. Juracán Jalomé habría participado en conferencias <strong>de</strong> prensa para promocionar los<strong>de</strong>rechos indígenas y laborales. El 23 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, habría asistido a una reunión enrelación con la ratificación <strong>de</strong>l Convenio 175 <strong>de</strong> la Organización Internacional <strong>de</strong>l Trabajo (OIT).


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 142Recientemente, el CCDA también habría apoyado la construcción <strong>de</strong> viviendas en su comunidad.El 19 <strong>de</strong> febrero en conferencia <strong>de</strong> Prensa el Sr. Juracán Jalomé shabría emplazada políticamenteal Gobierno para ejecute acciones que terminen con la violaciones a los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y los<strong>de</strong>salojos <strong>de</strong> varias comunida<strong>de</strong>s y habría <strong>de</strong>mandado el cumplimiento <strong>de</strong> las promesas hechaspor las autorida<strong>de</strong>s en presentar la iniciativa <strong>de</strong> Ley <strong>de</strong> Desarrollo Rural al Congreso <strong>de</strong> laRepública por el presi<strong>de</strong>nte en la presentación <strong>de</strong> su informe anual.921. El año pasado habría recibido a una <strong>de</strong>legación <strong>de</strong> estudiantes <strong>de</strong> los Estados Unidos <strong>de</strong>América que llegó con la intención <strong>de</strong> construir viviendas en la al<strong>de</strong>a. Según se informa, unaorganización que dice llamarse Fundación Familia habría escrito a la escuela <strong>de</strong> la al<strong>de</strong>a parasolicitar la misma ayuda que el CCDA había recibido. Dicha organización habría sidoinvestigada y se habría <strong>de</strong>scubierta que no existía en la región.922. El 30 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2008, el Sr. Juracan Jalomé habría sido víctima <strong>de</strong> un ataque, mientrasse habría dirigido a bordo <strong>de</strong> un vehículo <strong>de</strong> Panajachel a San Lucas Tolimán. Estos hechos, quehabrían sido <strong>de</strong>nunciados ante el Ministerio Público Local pero no habrían sido investigados,ocurrieron <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> que el Sr. Juracan Jalomé regresara <strong>de</strong> un viaje a Europa, durante el cualpresentó varias <strong>de</strong>nuncias.923. El 26 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2006, la se<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>l CCDA habría sido objeto <strong>de</strong> un allanamiento,durante el cual habría sido sustraído material informático con informaciones importantes.924. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido, se expresó preocupación por la integridad física ypsicológica <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Juracán Jalomé y los miembros <strong>de</strong>l CCDA. Se expresó temor que lasamenazas en contra dicho <strong>de</strong>fensor podrían estar relacionadas con su trabajo legítimo en <strong>de</strong>fensa<strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en Guatemala.Llamamiento urgente925. El 9 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> magistrados yabogados y el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong>expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con el secuestro <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Gladis Elizabeth MonterrosoVelásquez <strong>de</strong> Morales, las amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte contra su esposo, el Dr. Sergio Morales,Procurador <strong>de</strong> los Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> Guatemala, y los ataques contra el Licenciado LuisRoberto Romero <strong>de</strong> la Procuraduría <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos (PDH) <strong>de</strong> Guatemala.926. Según la información recibida, el 25 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, a las 7h00, la Sra. GladysMonterroso habría sido secuestrada, cuando se encontraba en las afueras <strong>de</strong> un restaurante en laZona 9 <strong>de</strong> la Ciudad <strong>de</strong> Guatemala, en don<strong>de</strong> asistiría a una reunión. La Sra. Monterroso habríasido introducida por la fuerza en un vehículo por tres hombres encapuchados. A las 20h00 <strong>de</strong>lmismo día, la Sra. Monterroso, llamó a sus familiares informando que se encontraba en unparque ubicado en la Colonia Atlántida, Zona 18. La víctima habría sido drogada y vejadadurante las 13 horas que duró su cautiverio. Al ser ingresada al hospital, su estado <strong>de</strong> salud era<strong>de</strong>licado y presentaba diversas quemaduras <strong>de</strong> cigarro y golpes en varias partes <strong>de</strong> su cuerpo.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 143927. El secuestro habría sucedido a pocas horas <strong>de</strong> haberse hecho público el informe “Derechoa saber”, que <strong>de</strong>nuncia abusos y crímenes cometidos por la Policía Nacional (PN) durante elconflicto armado, incluyendo asesinatos y <strong>de</strong>sapariciones forzadas, redactado en base a unarecopilación <strong>de</strong> 10 años <strong>de</strong> documentos <strong>de</strong>l archivo histórico <strong>de</strong> la Policía Nacional.928. El Procurador, el Dr. Sergio Morales y algunos <strong>de</strong> sus colaboradores cercanos habríanestado recibiendo diversas amenazas <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> hace varios meses. Según la información recibida, el14 <strong>de</strong> marzo, el Licenciado Luis Roberto Romero, abogado encargado <strong>de</strong> la Unidad <strong>de</strong>Averiguaciones Especiales <strong>de</strong> la Procuraduría <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos, quien trabaja sobre loscasos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sapariciones forzadas ocurridas durante el conflicto armado en Guatemala, habríasido golpeado por <strong>de</strong>sconocidos, produciéndole una incapacidad <strong>de</strong> una semana.929. Se expresó temor que el secuestro <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Monterroso Velásquez <strong>de</strong> Morales y lasamenazas en contra <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Sergio Morales y el Sr. Luis Roberto Romero podrían estarrelacionados con su trabajo legítimo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en Guatemala. En visto<strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido se expresó una profunda preocupación por la integridad física y psicológicay la seguridad <strong>de</strong> todos los miembros <strong>de</strong> la Procuraduría <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> Guatemala.Llamamiento urgente930. El 23 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte y actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamientocontra el Sr. Edgar Neftaly Aldana Valencia, Secretario <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Filial <strong>de</strong> San Benito, ElPetén, <strong>de</strong>l Sindicato <strong>de</strong> Trabajadores <strong>de</strong> la Salud <strong>de</strong> Guatemala, y la Sra. Karen LucreciaArchila Lara, esposa <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Aldana y miembro <strong>de</strong>l sindicato.931. Según la información recibida, el 1 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, alre<strong>de</strong>dor <strong>de</strong> las 7.20 horas, el Sr.Edgar Neftaly Aldana Valencia, a su salida <strong>de</strong>l trabajo <strong>de</strong>l hospital <strong>de</strong> San Benito, se habríapercatado <strong>de</strong> que dos hombres le seguían a bordo <strong>de</strong> una motocicleta <strong>de</strong> color rojo, por lo quecambió <strong>de</strong> dirección y logró escabullirse. Minutos <strong>de</strong>spués, su esposa, la Sra. Karen LucreciaArchila Lara, le advirtió telefónicamente que dos hombres a bordo <strong>de</strong> una moto roja habíandisparado nueve veces contra su casa, causando graves <strong>de</strong>sperfectos, por lo que le pidió no ir a sudomicilio. Su esposa y su hija salieron ilesas <strong>de</strong>l ataque contra la vivienda. El Sr. Aldana sedirigió entonces al Centro <strong>de</strong> Salud <strong>de</strong> Santa Elena, refugiándose en una <strong>de</strong> las clínicas.932. Posteriormente, recibió una llamada telefónica <strong>de</strong> un hombre no i<strong>de</strong>ntificado quien lehabría amenazado <strong>de</strong> la siguiente forma: “Por haberte metido en problemas, tú y tu esposa, <strong>de</strong>sindicalistas en el hospital, me pagaron Q 100,000.00 por eliminarte físicamente, pero po<strong>de</strong>mosllegar a un acuerdo”.933. Hacia las 11.00 horas, recibió una serie <strong>de</strong> llamadas telefónicas que <strong>de</strong>cidió no respon<strong>de</strong>r.Recibió también en ese mismo aparato cuatro mensajes <strong>de</strong> texto en un intervalo <strong>de</strong> cinco minutos,con claras amenazas dirigidas hacia él y a su mujer. Le pedían que contestara a su celular y leinformaban que habían sido contratados para asesinarle así como a su mujer, pero que si accedíaa pagar otros Q 100, 000,00 no le pasaría nada y podría conocer la i<strong>de</strong>ntidad <strong>de</strong> las personas que


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 144or<strong>de</strong>naron el atentado. El Sr. Aldana Valencia respondió que era una persona honrada que seganaba la vida humil<strong>de</strong>mente, y que no disponía <strong>de</strong> dinero.934. El mismo día 1 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Aldana Valencia <strong>de</strong>nunció estos hechos ante laPolicía Nacional Civil (PNC) y el Ministerio Público (MP), los que se encuentran siendoinvestigados por la Fiscalía <strong>de</strong>l Crimen Organizado <strong>de</strong> Chiquimula con el número MP2702/009/1280. El 17 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Fiscalía habría abierto una investigación, pero al día <strong>de</strong>hoy no se conocen los resultados <strong>de</strong> la misma. El Sr. Aldana Valencia habría <strong>de</strong>cididoescon<strong>de</strong>rse y no habría sido entrevistado hasta la fecha por autoridad alguna.935. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo expuesto, se expresó preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong>lSr. Edgar Neftaly Aldana Valencia y <strong>de</strong> su esposa la Sra. Karen Lucrecia Archila Lara. Seexpresó temor que las amenazas proferidas contra estas personas podrían estar relacionadas consu trabajo legítimo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los trabajadores <strong>de</strong> Guatemala.Llamamiento urgente936. El 16 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con la Relatora Especial sobre la violencia contra la mujer, coninclusión <strong>de</strong> sus causas y consecuencias, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a laatención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida en relación con amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte yasalto físico contra la Sra. Juana Bacá Velasco.937. La Sra. Bacá Velasco es la coordinadora <strong>de</strong> La Red <strong>de</strong> Mujeres Ixhiles, una organizaciónubicada en Nebaj que trabaja en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> la mujer.938. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 6 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Bacá Velasco habríarecibido una llamada <strong>de</strong> un hombre no i<strong>de</strong>ntificado quien le habría dicho que el ayuntamiento lohabía contratado para asesinarla.939. El 3 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, un vehículo, que supuestamente pertenecía al alcal<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>l municipio,se habría acercado a la casa <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Bacá Velasco mientras ella se encontraba afuera charlandocon algunos amigos. Las personas que se encontraban en el vehículo le habrían puesto las lucesaltas <strong>de</strong>l vehículo directo a la cara <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Bacá Velasco y luego se habrían retirado,disparando 5 veces al aire.940. El 30 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Bacá Velasco también habría sido agredida físicamente<strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong>l ayuntamiento <strong>de</strong> Nebaj.941. A pesar <strong>de</strong> que habría sido beneficiada con medidas <strong>de</strong> protección provisionales por parte<strong>de</strong> la Corte Interamericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos, la Sra. Bacá Velasco repetidamente habríasido objeto <strong>de</strong> amenazas e intimidaciones, siendo incluso seguida por vehículos sospechosos.A<strong>de</strong>más, habrían intentado intimidar a miembros <strong>de</strong> su familia. Otros miembros <strong>de</strong> la Red <strong>de</strong>Mujeres Ixhiles también habrían recibido amenazas y habrían sido objeto <strong>de</strong> difamación.942. Se expresó temor que las amenazas y asalto físico contra la Sra. Bacá Velasco podríanestar relacionados con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s legítimas en la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 145Llamamiento urgente943. El 14 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad<strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con la Casa Campesina <strong>de</strong> la Iglesia LuteranaGuatemalteca (ILUGUA) en la Al<strong>de</strong>a la Trementina, Zacapa.944. Recientemente, ILUGUA ha apoyado a lí<strong>de</strong>res comunitarios en su <strong>de</strong>nuncia contra la talailegal <strong>de</strong> árboles en La Montaña <strong>de</strong> Las Granadillas en Zacapa, la explotación minera en lasmontañas <strong>de</strong> Cerro Blanco, Asunción Mita y Jutiapa y la construcción <strong>de</strong> tres hidroeléctricas enCamotán y Jocotán que supuestamente afecta el acceso al agua en estos dos lugares don<strong>de</strong> existeun problema <strong>de</strong> hambruna y sequía.945. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 2 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 12horas <strong>de</strong> la noche, un grupo <strong>de</strong> personas no i<strong>de</strong>ntificadas habrían atacado el edificio <strong>de</strong> la CasaCampesina <strong>de</strong> ILUGUA. Cuando el vigilante nocturno les escuchó, les habría gritado y habríaencendido las luces <strong>de</strong>l patio. Sin embargo, los agresores habrían apagado las luces nuevamentey habrían intentado forzar la puerta. Cuando no consiguieron entrar a las oficinas, habrían rotouna ventana así como tres persianas y habrían arrancado el contador <strong>de</strong> la electricidad. A<strong>de</strong>más,por la ventana rota habrían logrado robar un teléfono.946. En otro inci<strong>de</strong>nte, en agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, el vigilante nocturno habría visto dos hombres conpasamontañas en el jardín <strong>de</strong> la Casa Campesina a las 10:30 horas <strong>de</strong> la noche.947. Asimismo, en varias ocasiones durante el último año, personas no i<strong>de</strong>ntificadas habríanpasado por las oficinas disparando con armas <strong>de</strong> fuego.948. Se expresó temor que el asalto contra las instalaciones <strong>de</strong> la Casa Campesina <strong>de</strong> la IglesiaLuterana y la intimidación contra sus integrantes podrían estar relacionados con las activida<strong>de</strong>sque la organización realiza en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.Llamamiento urgente949. El 1 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con la Relatora Especial sobre la violencia contra la mujer, coninclusión <strong>de</strong> sus causas y consecuencias, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a laatención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida en relación con la Sra. Norma Cruz,Directora <strong>de</strong> la Fundación Sobrevivientes, una organización no gubernamental que apoya amujeres que son víctimas <strong>de</strong> violaciones <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.950. El 29 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2008, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente al Gobierno <strong>de</strong> su Excelencia en relación conlos actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación y amenazas contra la Sra. Cruz, integrantes <strong>de</strong> la FundaciónSobrevivientes y familiares <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Cruz. Se agra<strong>de</strong>ció la respuesta <strong>de</strong> su Gobierno, recibida el1 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008.951. De acuerdo con las informaciones recibidas, el 19 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009,aproximadamente a las 10:45 <strong>de</strong> la noche, un hombre no i<strong>de</strong>ntificado habría <strong>de</strong>jado un mensaje


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 146en el teléfono celular <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Cruz diciendo lo siguiente; “quiero que <strong>de</strong>jes el caso <strong>de</strong> [nombre<strong>de</strong> la persona], tienes ocho días para <strong>de</strong>jar ese caso, si no te vas a ver en serios problemas, te voya entregar la cabeza <strong>de</strong> tu hija o <strong>de</strong> tu hijo, perra maldita”. El mismo día, un hombre noi<strong>de</strong>ntificado habría llamado a las oficinas <strong>de</strong> la Fundación Sobrevivientes y habría dicho lomismo a un miembro <strong>de</strong> la Fundación. El caso en cuestión se refiere a la presunta violación <strong>de</strong>una joven a la que la Sra. Cruz habría estado ofreciendo asistencia jurídica. Cabe mencionar quealgunos familiares <strong>de</strong> la joven, que le habrían apoyado <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong>l ataque, habrían sidoasesinados.952. El 14 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 8:30 horas <strong>de</strong> la mañana, el yerno <strong>de</strong> laSra. Cruz habría sido seguido por un vehículo obscuro con cristales polarizados. El yerno <strong>de</strong> laSra. Cruz habría llamado a su esposa y le habría pedido que llamara a la policía. Unos minutos<strong>de</strong>spués, cuando llegó a su casa, habría llegado la policía. El vehículo no i<strong>de</strong>ntificado se habríaalejado a toda velocidad cuando las personas que iban abordo se percataron <strong>de</strong> la presencia <strong>de</strong> lapolicía.953. A<strong>de</strong>más, <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> finales <strong>de</strong> julio, algunos hombres no i<strong>de</strong>ntificados habrían vigilado lasoficinas <strong>de</strong> la Fundación Sobrevivientes.954. El 14 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, un hombre no i<strong>de</strong>ntificado habría <strong>de</strong>jado dos mensajes en elcontestador automático <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Cruz, amenazando con matarla a ella y a los otros integrantes<strong>de</strong> la Fundación Sobrevivientes.955. Se expresó temor que estos actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación y amenazas contra la Sra. Cruz y susfamiliares podrían estar relacionados con su trabajo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, enparticular su trabajo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> una víctima <strong>de</strong> violación. Se expresó gran preocupación por laintegridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Cruz, <strong>de</strong> su familia, así como por la <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>másmiembros <strong>de</strong> la Fundación Sobrevivientes.Llamamiento urgente956. El 9 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con las amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte contra el Sr. Jesús Tecú Osorio,lí<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>l Bufete Jurídico Popular y fundador <strong>de</strong> la Asociación por el Desarrollo Integral <strong>de</strong> lasVictimas Maya Achi <strong>de</strong> las Vera Paces (ADIVIMA).957. El Sr. Tecú Osorio ofrece asesoría legal a las víctimas <strong>de</strong> violencia y ha sido un testigoimportante en varios juicios llevados en contra <strong>de</strong> los presuntos autores <strong>de</strong> violaciones <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>rechos humanos cometidas durante el conflicto armado en Guatemala.958. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 14 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Tecú Osoriohabría recibido una llamada <strong>de</strong> una persona no i<strong>de</strong>ntificada quien le dijo que lo estaba vigilandoa él y a su familia. La persona lo habría insultado y habría amenazado con secuestrar y matar asus hijos. Posteriormente, el Sr. Tecú Osorio habría recibido una llamada parecida con lasmismas amenazas.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 147959. El Sr. Tecú Osorio habría <strong>de</strong>nunciado las amenazas ante el Ministerio Público y en lasubestación policial <strong>de</strong> Salamá y la policía habría visitado la casa <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Tecú Osorio como parte<strong>de</strong> su investigación.960. Se expresó temor que estas amenazas contra el Sr. Tecú Osorio y su familia podrían estarrelacionadas con el trabajo que realiza en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos. A<strong>de</strong>más, se expresóuna profunda preocupación por la integridad psicológica y física <strong>de</strong> la familia Tecú Osorio.Observaciones961. La Relatora Especial agra<strong>de</strong>ce la respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno <strong>de</strong> Guatemala a la comunicaciónfechada el 15 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009. No obstante, la Relatora Especial lamenta que al momento <strong>de</strong>finalización <strong>de</strong>l presente informe no había recibido respuesta a sus comunicaciones <strong>de</strong>l 30 <strong>de</strong>enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, <strong>de</strong>l 23 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, <strong>de</strong>l 26 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, <strong>de</strong>l 9 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, <strong>de</strong>l 23<strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, <strong>de</strong>l 16 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, <strong>de</strong>l 14 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, <strong>de</strong>l 1 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009y <strong>de</strong>l 10 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009. La Relatora Especial consi<strong>de</strong>ra que al respon<strong>de</strong>r a lascomunicaciones representa un elemento fundamental para la cooperación <strong>de</strong> los Estados con elmandato, es por ello que insta al gobierno guatemalteco a que le proporcione una respuestatratando los asuntos mencionados.962. La Relatora Especial expresa preocupación por varios casos <strong>de</strong> supuestas amenazasdirigidas en contra <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensores cuyo trabajo está enfocado en el tema <strong>de</strong> la memoria y justicia<strong>de</strong>l periodo <strong>de</strong> la guerra civil, así como en contra <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> lossindicalistas y campesinos. Sobre todo, la Relatora Especial expresa preocupación por supuestasamenazas y hostigamiento contra los <strong>de</strong>fensores y las <strong>de</strong>fensoras <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> las mujeres.Appel urgentGuinea963. Le 4 décembre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Prési<strong>de</strong>ntRapporteur du Groupe <strong>de</strong> Travail sur la détention arbitraire et Rapporteur spécial sur lapromotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, a envoyé un appelurgent sur la situation <strong>de</strong> M. Mouktar Diallo. M. Diallo est membre <strong>de</strong> l'Observatoire <strong>national</strong><strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'Homme.964. Selon les informations reçues, le 26 novembre 2009, M. Diallo aurait été arrêté à Cosapar <strong>de</strong>s agents du Ministère chargé <strong>de</strong> la lutte anti-drogue et du grand banditisme. Il seraitactuellement détenu au camp militaire Yaya Alpha Diallo sans qu’aucune charge n’ait étéretenue contre lui.965. Il est allégué que cette arrestation serait liée aux déclarations <strong>de</strong> M. Diallo sur lesantennes <strong>de</strong> la radio la Voix <strong>de</strong> l’Amérique (Voice of America-VOA news) le 28 septembre 2009au sujet <strong>de</strong>s événements survenus le même jour à Conakry.966. Des craintes ont été exprimées quant au fait que cette détention soit liée aux activités nonviolentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme <strong>de</strong> M. Diallo. Compte tenu du faitque M. Diallo souffre <strong>de</strong> diabète et <strong>de</strong> problèmes cardiaques, <strong>de</strong>s craintes ont également étéexprimées quant à son intégrité physique et psychologique.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 148Observations967. La Rapporteuse spéciale regrette, au moment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport,l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse à la présente communication. Elle considère les réponses à sescommunications comme partie intégrante <strong>de</strong> la coopération <strong>de</strong>s gouvernements avec son mandat.Elle exhorte le Gouvernement à répondre au plus vite aux craintes exprimées dans celles-ci,notamment en fournissant <strong>de</strong>s informations précises sur les enquêtes menées afin <strong>de</strong> traduire enjustice les auteurs <strong>de</strong>s faits et les mesures <strong>de</strong> protection prises pour assurer l’intégrité physique etmentale <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs et <strong>de</strong> leurs familles.968. La Rapporteuse spéciale exprime sa préoccupation face à la situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>sdroits <strong>de</strong> l’homme dans le pays suite aux événements tragiques <strong>de</strong> septembre 2009. Elle exhortele Gouvernement à ouvrir <strong>de</strong>s enquêtes sur toutes les violations commises contre les défenseursdurant et après ces événements et à traduire leurs auteurs en justice.Appel urgentGuinea-Bissau969. Le 6 avril 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécial surl’indépendance <strong>de</strong>s juges et <strong>de</strong>s avocats, le Rapporteur spécial sur la promotion et la protectiondu droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression et le Rapporteur spécial sur la torture et autrespeines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou dégradants, a envoyé un appel urgent auGouvernement sur la situation <strong>de</strong> Me Luís Vaz Martins, avocat et prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> la Ligue <strong>de</strong>sdroits <strong>de</strong> l’homme <strong>de</strong> Guinée-Bissau, Me Pedro Infanda, avocat et M. Francisco José Fadul,Prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> la Cour <strong>de</strong>s Comptes et du parti d’opposition Partido para a DemocraciaDesenvolvimento e Cidadania (PADEC). Selon les informations reçues :970. Le 1er avril 2009, un homme armé habillé en civil se serait rendu aux bureaux <strong>de</strong> laLigue <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme à la recherche <strong>de</strong> Me Luís Vaz Martins, qui n’était alors pas présent.L’homme aurait <strong>de</strong>mandé l’adresse du domicile <strong>de</strong> Me Luís Vaz Martins et aurait déclaré qu’ilvoulait tuer celui-ci car la Ligue <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme était trop « bavar<strong>de</strong> ». Auparavant, MeLuís Vaz Martins aurait dénoncé l’arrestation et la torture <strong>de</strong> Me Pedro Infanda.971. Me Pedro Infanda aurait été arrêté par <strong>de</strong>s militaires le 23 mars 2009 quelques heuresaprès qu’il ait tenu une conférence <strong>de</strong> presse au cours <strong>de</strong> laquelle il déclarait, au nom <strong>de</strong> sonclient, M. Jose Americo Bubo Na Tchute, ancien Chef <strong>de</strong> la Marine <strong>de</strong> Guinea Bissau, que lenouveau Chef du personnel <strong>de</strong>s Forces Armées n’était pas compétent pour le poste. Me PedroInfanda aurait été conduit <strong>de</strong> son bureau à l’installation militaire Quartel Amura <strong>de</strong> Bissau, où ilaurait été gravement battu avec <strong>de</strong>s bâtons, et ce pendant quatre jours. Il se serait vu refuserl’accès à un traitement médical, à sa famille et à son avocat. Son corps serait intégralementcouvert <strong>de</strong> bleus.972. Il est également allégué que M. Francisco José Fadul aurait été agressé le 1er avril 2009par quatre militaires qui l’auraient frappé avec la crosse <strong>de</strong> leurs fusils et lui auraient dit qu’ilétait « trop bavard ». En l’occurrence, le 30 mars 2009, M. Francisco José Fadul aurait tenu uneconférence <strong>de</strong> presse appelant le Gouvernement à traduire en justice les militaires coupables <strong>de</strong>corruption et autres crimes. M. Francisco José Fadul aurait <strong>de</strong>s blessures sur tout le corps,notamment à la tête et une blessure à l’arme blanche sur un bras.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 149973. MM. Pedro Infanda et Francisco José Fadul seraient actuellement en soins intensifs àl’hôpital <strong>national</strong> Simão Men<strong>de</strong>s à Bissau.974. De vives préoccupations sont exprimées pour l’intégrité physique et morale <strong>de</strong> MM. LuísVaz Martins, Pedro Infanda et Francisco José Fadul ainsi que pour celle <strong>de</strong>s autres membres <strong>de</strong>la Ligue <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme.Observations975. La Rapporteuse spéciale regrette, au moment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport,l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse à la communication en date du 6 avril 2009. Elle exhorte le Gouvernementà répondre au plus vite aux craintes exprimées dans celles-ci, notamment en fournissant <strong>de</strong>sinformations précises sur les enquêtes menées afin <strong>de</strong> traduire en justice les auteurs <strong>de</strong>s faits etles mesures <strong>de</strong> protection prises pour assurer l’intégrité physique et mentale <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs et <strong>de</strong>leurs collègues. Elle considère les réponses à ses communications comme partie intégrante <strong>de</strong> lacoopération <strong>de</strong>s gouvernements avec son mandat.Carta <strong>de</strong> alegacionesHonduras976. El 26 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, el Relator Especial sobre las ejecuciones extrajudiciales, sumarias oarbitrarias y la Relatora Especial sobre la violencia contra la mujer, con inclusión <strong>de</strong> sus causas yconsecuencias, enviaron una carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobiernola información recibida en relación con el asesinato <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Cynthia Nicole, <strong>de</strong>fensora lí<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> las personas transgénero en Honduras.977. Según las informaciones recibidas, en la madrugada <strong>de</strong>l 9 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009 tres hombres<strong>de</strong>sconocidos le habrían disparado a la Sra. Nicole <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> un automóvil azul en movimiento en elBarrio Guaserique, Comayaguela, una ciudad colindante a Tegucigalpa. La activista por los<strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> las personas transgénero recibió tres disparos en el pecho y uno en la cabeza, ymurió a causa <strong>de</strong> las heridas.978. Este asesinato era el más reciente en una series <strong>de</strong> agresiones violentas contra personastransgénero en Honduras. En noviembre y diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008 hubo agresiones contra otras cincopersonas transgénero, dos <strong>de</strong> ellas resultaron muertas.979. A<strong>de</strong>más <strong>de</strong> estas agresiones, el 20 <strong>de</strong> diciembre, personal policial en Tegucigalpa golpeóa una trabajadora activista transgénero <strong>de</strong>dicada a difundir la prevención <strong>de</strong>l VIH/SIDA.980. Se expresó grave preocupación por el asesinato <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Cynthia Nicole y por laseguridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> los/las <strong>de</strong>fensores/as <strong>de</strong> la comunidad transgénero en Honduras.Llamamiento urgente981. El 3 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 150opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con las amenazas contra la Sra. Bertha Oliva <strong>de</strong>Nativí. Bertha Oliva es Coordinadora <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong>l Comité <strong>de</strong> Familiares <strong>de</strong> DetenidosDesaparecidos en Honduras (COFADEH).982. La Sra. Oliva y el COFADEH ya fueron objeto <strong>de</strong> una comunicación <strong>de</strong> la RelatoraEspecial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, quien envió una carta el 16<strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2008. COFADEH es una organización que trabaja contra la corrupción y laimpunidad en Honduras.983. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 27 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 14h45,dos mensajes conteniendo amenazas habrían sido recibidos en el teléfono móvil <strong>de</strong> Bertha Oliva<strong>de</strong> Nativí. El primer mensaje <strong>de</strong>cía: “Quieres saber quién soy yo. Por tu bien más te vale que nolo sepas. Y no quiero que me sigan llamando o les tendré que cerrar la boca <strong>de</strong> otra manera y yasabes a que me refiero [sic.].” El segundo <strong>de</strong>cía: “Cómo amaneciste. Espero que bien. Porquecuando yo quiera podés amanecer con la boca llena <strong>de</strong> gusanos. Y en una bolsa <strong>de</strong> basura” [sic.].984. El mismo día se habrían distribuido folletos difamando a la Sra. Bertha Oliva <strong>de</strong> Nativíen el Parque Central <strong>de</strong> Tegucigalpa. La distribución <strong>de</strong> estos folletos formaría parte <strong>de</strong> unacampaña <strong>de</strong> difamación contra esta persona que habría empezado <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> que el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte<strong>de</strong> la República aprobase un <strong>de</strong>creto ejecutivo en diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008 para crear un programanacional <strong>de</strong> reparaciones para víctimas <strong>de</strong> violaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en los años 80 yor<strong>de</strong>nando la resolución amistosa <strong>de</strong> dos casos ante la Comisión Interamericana <strong>de</strong> DerechosHumanos. La campaña acusaría a Bertha Oliva <strong>de</strong> Nativí <strong>de</strong> estar lucrando como resultado <strong>de</strong>dicho <strong>de</strong>creto ejecutivo.985. Se expresó temor que la campaña <strong>de</strong> amenazas en contra <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Bertha Oliva podríaestar relacionada con su trabajo contra la corrupción y la impunidad en Honduras. También seexpresó preocupación que los integrantes <strong>de</strong>l COFADEH han sido amenazados durante variosaños sin que se hayan procesado o con<strong>de</strong>nado a los responsables <strong>de</strong> las amenazas. A<strong>de</strong>más sealegó que la protección proporcionada a estas personas sería insuficiente.Llamamiento urgente986. El 6 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte-Relatora <strong>de</strong>l Grupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre la DetenciónArbitraria, el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte-Relator <strong>de</strong>l Grupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre las Desapariciones Forzadas oInvoluntarias y el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong>expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con las siguientes personas que habrían sido <strong>de</strong>tenidas luego <strong>de</strong>la interrupción <strong>de</strong>l or<strong>de</strong>n constitucional que tuvo lugar el 28 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009:1. Sr. Edran Amado López, periodista <strong>de</strong>l programa Cholusatsur <strong>de</strong>l Canal 36;2. Sr. Alan Mc Donald, caricaturista, <strong>de</strong>tenido en su domicilio por elementos <strong>de</strong>l ejércitojunto con su hija <strong>de</strong> 17 meses;3. Sra. Adriana Sivori; corresponsal <strong>de</strong> Telesur;


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1514. Sr. Larry Sánchez, corresponsal <strong>de</strong> Telesur;5. Sra. María José Díaz, corresponsal <strong>de</strong> Telesur;6. Sr. Freddy Quintero, corresponsal <strong>de</strong> Telesur: Estos cuatro corresponsales <strong>de</strong> Telesurhabrían sido <strong>de</strong>tenidos por elementos militares; <strong>de</strong>spojados <strong>de</strong> sus documentos y <strong>de</strong> susequipos <strong>de</strong> trabajo.987. Se expresó temores por la integridad física y psíquica <strong>de</strong> las personas <strong>de</strong>tenidas. Seinformó también que los siguientes <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos habrían sido objeto <strong>de</strong>amenazas y actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento:1. Sra. Bertha Oliva <strong>de</strong> Nativí, Presi<strong>de</strong>nta <strong>de</strong>l Comité <strong>de</strong> Familiares <strong>de</strong> Detenidos-Desparecidos <strong>de</strong> Honduras (COFADEH);2. Sr. Salvador Zúñiga, <strong>de</strong>l Consejo Cívico <strong>de</strong> Organizaciones Populares e Indígenas <strong>de</strong>Honduras;3. Sr. Rafael Alegría, dirigente nacional <strong>de</strong> Vía Campesina;4. Sr. Israel Salinas, <strong>de</strong> la organización Sindicato Mayoritario;5. Sr. Ángel Alvarado, <strong>de</strong>l Comité Nacional <strong>de</strong> Resistencia;6. Sra. Sala Elisa Rosales, <strong>de</strong> la Organización Las Lolas y Movimiento Feminista;7. Sr. Juan Barahona, <strong>de</strong> Bloque Popular;8. Sr. Carlos Humberto Reyes, <strong>de</strong> Bloque Popular;9. Sra. Bertha Cáceres, <strong>de</strong>l Consejo Cívico <strong>de</strong> Organizaciones Populares e Indígenas <strong>de</strong>Honduras (COPIHN);10. Sr. Celeo Álvarez, <strong>de</strong> la Organización Negra Centroamericana (ONECA);11. Sr. Carlos Eduardo Reina, <strong>de</strong>l Comité Nacional <strong>de</strong> Resistencia;12. Sr. Eulogio Chávez, <strong>de</strong>l Comité Nacional <strong>de</strong> Resistencia;13. Sr. Marvin Ponce, <strong>de</strong>l Consejo Cívico <strong>de</strong> Organizaciones Populares e Indígenas <strong>de</strong>Honduras;14. Sr. Andrés Pavón Uribe, <strong>de</strong>l Comité <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> Honduras (CODEH)."988. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido se expresó temor por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos citados. Se alegó que las amenazas y los actos <strong>de</strong> intimidaciónen contra <strong>de</strong> estos <strong>de</strong>fensores podrían estar relacionados con su trabajo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en Honduras.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 152Llamamiento urgente989. El 30 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte Relator <strong>de</strong>l Grupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre la DetenciónArbitraria; el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte Relator <strong>de</strong>l Grupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre las Desapariciones Forzadas oInvoluntarias, el Relator Especial sobre las ejecuciones extrajudiciales, sumarias o arbitrarias; elRelator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión y elRelator Especial sobre la tortura y otros tratos o penas crueles, inhumanos o <strong>de</strong>gradantes,enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la informaciónrecibida en relación con la situación <strong>de</strong>scrita a continuación.990. Según las informaciones recibidas, <strong>de</strong>cenas <strong>de</strong> personas que se manifestaban ante laEmbajada <strong>de</strong> Brasil en Tegucigalpa en favor <strong>de</strong> la restitución en el po<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>l presi<strong>de</strong>nte<strong>de</strong>stituido Manuel Zelaya, habrían sido <strong>de</strong>tenidas <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> que éste regresó al país el 21 <strong>de</strong>septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009. Se afirmó que elementos policiales habrían recurrido a un uso excesivo <strong>de</strong>la fuerza en la disolución <strong>de</strong> las manifestaciones callejeras en favor <strong>de</strong>l presi<strong>de</strong>nte Zelaya y en la<strong>de</strong>tención a gran escala <strong>de</strong> los manifestantes. A algunos manifestantes los elementos policialesles habrían golpeado e incluso habrían sido víctimas <strong>de</strong> disparos. Otros habrían sido conducidosa centros <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tención no autorizados, sin contar con ningún registro <strong>de</strong> su <strong>de</strong>tención. Aunque lamayoría habrían sido ya liberados, otros permanecen en <strong>de</strong>tención.991. Asimismo, se ha recibido información <strong>de</strong> que cinco personas habrían resultado muertasen los disturbios políticos que han tenido lugar <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el 21 <strong>de</strong> septiembre. El 22 <strong>de</strong> septiembreJosé Jacobo Euceda Perdomo, <strong>de</strong> 18 años resultaba muerto por disparos <strong>de</strong> la policía en SanPedro Sula. Las cuatro otras personas habrían muerto en Tegucigalpa, incluyendo al Sr.Francisco Alvarado, <strong>de</strong> aproximadamente 65 años <strong>de</strong> edad, quien habría muerto a consecuencia<strong>de</strong> heridas <strong>de</strong> bala recibidas durante una manifestación en favor <strong>de</strong>l presi<strong>de</strong>nte Zelaya.992. Se informó también que el 22 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, agentes policiales arrojaron botes<strong>de</strong> gas lacrimógeno al interior <strong>de</strong> la se<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>l Comité <strong>de</strong> Familiares <strong>de</strong> Detenidos Desaparecidosen Honduras (COFADEH) en el Barrio La Plazuela <strong>de</strong> Tegucigalpa, don<strong>de</strong> se encontraba uncentenar <strong>de</strong> participantes en las manifestaciones dando su testimonio sobre la represión <strong>de</strong> lasmanifestaciones frente a la Embajada.993. Ante esta situación, se expresó seria preocupación por la seguridad <strong>de</strong> los miembros <strong>de</strong>COFADEH y <strong>de</strong> otras organizaciones <strong>de</strong>fensoras <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.994. Asimismo, se tuvo conocimiento <strong>de</strong>l establecimiento <strong>de</strong>l estado <strong>de</strong> sitio en todo elterritorio nacional, suspendiéndose las garantías constitucionales <strong>de</strong> libertad <strong>de</strong> expresión,libertad <strong>de</strong> circulación y el <strong>de</strong>recho a reunión durante 45 días (consagradas en los artículos 69, 72,81 y 84 <strong>de</strong> la Constitución Política, respectivamente). La suspensión <strong>de</strong> estos <strong>de</strong>rechos fueaprobada por <strong>de</strong>creto ejecutivo <strong>de</strong> fecha 22 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, publicado el 26 <strong>de</strong>septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 en el Diario Oficial La Gaceta. Según el texto <strong>de</strong> dicho <strong>de</strong>creto ejecutivo, laComisión Nacional <strong>de</strong> Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL), a través <strong>de</strong> la Policía Nacional y <strong>de</strong> lasfuerzas armadas, queda autorizada a suspen<strong>de</strong>r cualquier radioemisora, canal <strong>de</strong> televisión osistema <strong>de</strong> cable que no ajuste su programación a sus disposiciones.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 153995. Estas medidas habrían sido justificadas sobre la base <strong>de</strong> que “<strong>de</strong>terminados medios <strong>de</strong>comunicación social, hablados y televisados, están utilizando sus frecuencias autorizadas paragenerar odio y violencia contra el Estado, perturbando la tranquilidad nacional, llamando a lainsurrección popular, y dañando sicológicamente a su auditorio”. Es así que se or<strong>de</strong>na a lasFuerzas Armadas que apoyen “conjunta o separadamente, cuando la situación así lo requiera, a laPolicía Nacional, <strong>de</strong>biendo poner en ejecución los planes necesarios para el or<strong>de</strong>n y la seguridadpública”. El <strong>de</strong>creto ejecutivo autoriza la represión <strong>de</strong> “toda reunión pública no autorizada porlas autorida<strong>de</strong>s policiales y militares”.996. Este <strong>de</strong>creto ejecutivo es especialmente preocupante, ya que varias estaciones <strong>de</strong> radio ytelevisión han interrumpido sus transmisiones ordinarias <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el regreso <strong>de</strong> Zelaya. Se tuvoconocimiento <strong>de</strong>l posible cierre <strong>de</strong> “Radio Progreso”, en el centro <strong>de</strong> la ciudad <strong>de</strong> El Progreso, alnorte <strong>de</strong>l país, la cual tiene una trayectoria <strong>de</strong> 53 años <strong>de</strong> funcionamiento. A<strong>de</strong>más, Canal 36 ylas señales <strong>de</strong> Radio Globo han sido objeto <strong>de</strong> interrupción casi constante.997. En este contexto, se afirmó que el 21 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, a alre<strong>de</strong>dor <strong>de</strong> las 5:30 <strong>de</strong> lamañana, la señal <strong>de</strong> Canal 36 habría sido interrumpida mediante cortes <strong>de</strong> electricidad en susinstalaciones y en el sitio don<strong>de</strong> se ubican los transmisores. También, la señal <strong>de</strong> Radio Globohabría sido interrumpida constantemente con interferencias eléctricas, en tanto que la señal <strong>de</strong>lprograma televisivo “Hable como Habla” habría sido bloqueada en su emisión <strong>de</strong>l mediodía. El28 <strong>de</strong> septiembre habrían sido cerradas Radio Globo y Canal 36.998. Esta información preocupó <strong>de</strong> manera particular, teniendo en cuenta el aumento <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>nuncias <strong>de</strong> ataques, agresiones e intimidación contra periodistas en Honduras, incluyendo la<strong>de</strong>strucción <strong>de</strong> sus equipos <strong>de</strong> trabajo. La libertad <strong>de</strong> expresión es un <strong>de</strong>recho fundamental queno permite excepciones ni restricciones, por lo que se hizo un llamado a las autorida<strong>de</strong>s para quegaranticen el libre ejercicio <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y expresión, instándoles a<strong>de</strong>mása adoptar las medidas pertinentes para asegurar la integridad física y moral <strong>de</strong> las personas que,por su profesión, están particularmente vinculadas a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y expresión y lalibertad <strong>de</strong> reunión.Llamamiento urgente999. El 12 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con el Sr. Alex Eduardo Sorto Ortiz, el Sr. Osmin DavidValle Castillo, la Sra. Yuris Espinoza y los <strong>de</strong>más miembros <strong>de</strong> la Asociación Jóvenes enMovimiento – AJEM. El Sr. Sorto Ortiz es el director ejecutivo <strong>de</strong> la AJEM, el Sr. ValleCastillo es el coordinador <strong>de</strong> proyectos <strong>de</strong> la asociación y la Sra. Espinoza es miembro <strong>de</strong> lamisma.1000. La AJEM es una organización que trabaja en la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los jóvenes enla ciudad <strong>de</strong> Tegucigalpa, en particular <strong>de</strong> los jóvenes en situación <strong>de</strong> vulnerabilidad, como laspersonas gays y lesbianas. A<strong>de</strong>más, la AJEM realiza activida<strong>de</strong>s para promover la salud sexual yreproductiva.1001. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 1 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009 por la tar<strong>de</strong>, dos individuosarmados no i<strong>de</strong>ntificados habrían llegado a las oficinas <strong>de</strong> la AJEM buscando a algunos a ciertos


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 154miembros. La oficina estaba cerrada con candado por lo que miembros <strong>de</strong> la AJEM se habríancomunicado con los dos individuos por la ventana. Los agresores, apuntando sus armas, habríanpreguntado si las oficinas <strong>de</strong> la AJEM se encontraban allí, si los individuos que buscaban seencontraban en las oficinas y si la AJEM trabaja con homosexuales. Se habrían enojado cuandose les negó acceso al edificio y habrían atacado una <strong>de</strong> las ventanas. Los agresores se habríanretirado cuando un vecino les habría advertido que había llamado a la policía.1002. Una semana antes, el 22 <strong>de</strong> septiembre, el Sr. Sorto Ortiz, el Sr. Valle Castillo y la Sra.Espinoza habrían sido interceptados por seis agentes uniformados con pasamontañas mientrasconducían la camioneta <strong>de</strong> la AJEM. Los agentes, que habrían conducido una camioneta blanca<strong>de</strong> doble cabina con cristales polarizados, les habrían apuntado con rifles y les habrían or<strong>de</strong>nadobajar <strong>de</strong> su vehículo. Posteriormente, los agentes habrían saqueado la camioneta, rompiendo loscristales y los retrovisores. Cuando habrían encontrado ban<strong>de</strong>ras <strong>de</strong> arco iris en la camioneta, dosagentes habrían agredido físicamente a los Sres. Sorto Ortiz, Valle Castillo y Espinoza y loshabrían insultado. A<strong>de</strong>más, los agentes habrían confiscado varios efectos personales <strong>de</strong> losmiembros <strong>de</strong> la AJEM incluyendo una computadora portátil, libros, documentos, teléfonoscelulares, los papeles <strong>de</strong> matrícula <strong>de</strong>l vehículo, las llaves <strong>de</strong> la se<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> la AJEM, joyería, unreproductor <strong>de</strong> música portátil, relojes y gafas <strong>de</strong> sol.1003. El 24 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, los Sres. Sorto Ortiz y Valle Castillo habrían acudido a laoficina <strong>de</strong> la Dirección <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> Investigación Criminal (DGIC) para <strong>de</strong>nunciar el inci<strong>de</strong>nte. Apesar <strong>de</strong> que habrían aceptado la <strong>de</strong>claración <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Valle Castillo, el Sr. Sorto Ortiz habría sidoinformado que no se podía aceptar su <strong>de</strong>nuncia visto que no estaban presentes todas las victimas<strong>de</strong>l inci<strong>de</strong>nte y no tenía las facturas <strong>de</strong> los objetos dañados y robados ni los papeles oficiales parael vehículo dañado.1004. El 23 <strong>de</strong> septiembre, cuatro miembros adolescentes <strong>de</strong> la AJEM, habrían sidointerceptados y agredidos físicamente por agentes <strong>de</strong> la policía mientras intentaban acercarse alas oficinas <strong>de</strong> la AJEM en Castillo Barahona, Barrio La Plazuela, Tegucigalpa.1005. A<strong>de</strong>más, elementos <strong>de</strong> la policía habrían estado vigilando las oficinas <strong>de</strong> la AJEMrecientemente.1006. Se expresó temor que estos actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación, hostigamiento y violencia contramiembros <strong>de</strong> la AJEM podrían estar relacionados con las activida<strong>de</strong>s que realizan en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, en particular su trabajo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> las personashomosexuales y su participación en protestas pacíficas relacionadas con el golpe <strong>de</strong> Estado.Llamamiento urgente1007. El 16 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad<strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión y el Relator Especial sobre la in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> magistrados yabogados enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación y hostigamiento a jueces, abogados,oficiales <strong>de</strong> justicia y <strong>de</strong>fensores públicos, <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong>l golpe <strong>de</strong> Estado ocurrido en 28 <strong>de</strong> junio<strong>de</strong> 2009.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1551008. En este contexto, quisiera hacer referencia al comunicado <strong>de</strong> prensa emitido el 10 <strong>de</strong> julio<strong>de</strong> 2009 por el Relator Especial sobre in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> jueces y abogados que me antecediera enel mandato, expresando su con<strong>de</strong>na y censura al comportamiento “…..<strong>de</strong> la Corte Suprema <strong>de</strong>Justicia, que participa en el engranaje <strong>de</strong> disolución <strong>de</strong>l Estado <strong>de</strong> Derecho al apartarse <strong>de</strong> lasreglas <strong>de</strong> in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia e imparcialidad que <strong>de</strong>ben caracterizar a dicho órgano.1009. De acuerdo a la información recibida recientemente, la Corte Suprema habría continuadomanifestándose públicamente a favor <strong>de</strong>l golpe <strong>de</strong> Estado calificándolo como “sucesiónconstitucional”.1010. Asimismo, también se informó que ese Alto Tribunal <strong>de</strong> Justicia habría or<strong>de</strong>nadoprocesos disciplinarios, traslados forzosos, y otras acciones <strong>de</strong> intimidación y hostigamientocontra: Guillermo Lopez Lone, Tirza Flores Lanza, Luis Alonso Chévez <strong>de</strong> la Rocha, ElviaOndina Varela, Mauricio Mateo García, Ramón Enrique Barrios, Ricardo Pineda, OsmanAntonio Fajardo Morel, Fabiola Carcamo, Maritza Arita, Juan Carlos Zelaya y SigfredoLozano Martínez, todos ellos se habrían manifestado, <strong>de</strong> distintas formas legales, a favor <strong>de</strong>lrestablecimiento <strong>de</strong>l Estado <strong>de</strong>mocrático.1011. Según surgió <strong>de</strong> las alegaciones recibidas, las medidas disciplinarias y los trasladosforzosos aplicados a los mencionados profesionales <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho, habrían sido impuestasmediante actuaciones violatorias <strong>de</strong> las garantías <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>bido proceso y en franco <strong>de</strong>trimento <strong>de</strong> lain<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia e imparcialidad <strong>de</strong>l sistema <strong>de</strong> justicia hondureño. Los actos <strong>de</strong>nunciados tambiénserían violatorios <strong>de</strong>l ejercicio <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> conciencia, a la libertad <strong>de</strong>pensamiento y expresión, y a la libertad <strong>de</strong> reunión y manifestación.1012. Se <strong>de</strong>nunció también que los actos <strong>de</strong> persecución y hostigamiento han estado dirigidosparticularmente hacia los magistrados miembros <strong>de</strong> la “Asociación <strong>de</strong> Jueces por la Democracia”,organismo que ha sostenido permanentemente la necesidad <strong>de</strong> restablecer el Estado <strong>de</strong> Derecho.1013. Se expresó temor que los actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento e intimidación en contra <strong>de</strong> magistrados,<strong>de</strong>fensores públicos y <strong>de</strong>más auxiliares <strong>de</strong> justicia, podrían estar relacionados con su actividad<strong>de</strong>sarrollada a favor <strong>de</strong>l restablecimiento <strong>de</strong>l or<strong>de</strong>n constitucional en Honduras.Observaciones1014. La Relatora Especial lamenta que, al momento <strong>de</strong> finalización <strong>de</strong>l presente informe, nohabía recibido respuesta a sus comunicaciones fechadas el 26 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, 3 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong>2009, 6 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, 30 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, 12 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009 y el 16 <strong>de</strong> noviembre<strong>de</strong> 2009. La Relatora Especial consi<strong>de</strong>ra que al respon<strong>de</strong>r a las comunicaciones representa unelemento fundamental para la cooperación <strong>de</strong> los Estados con el mandato, es por ello que insta alas autorida<strong>de</strong>s hondureñas a que le proporcione una respuesta tratando los asuntos mencionados.1015. Asimismo, la Relatora quisiera expresar su profunda preocupación por la seguridad y laintegridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en Honduras. En una<strong>de</strong>claración <strong>de</strong>l 2 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial expresó su grave preocupación por lasrecientes violaciones <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en Honduras, resultado <strong>de</strong> los hechos acaecidos<strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> que regresó al país el presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>stituido, Manuel Zelaya. Los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos han sido particularmente vulnerables a estas violaciones, sobre todo los


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 156<strong>de</strong>fensores a favor <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>mocracia y aquellos que participaron en manifestaciones políticas. LaRelatora Especial reitera su preocupación por las violaciones contra el <strong>de</strong>recho a la vida y laintegridad física, tanto asesinatos como amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte, así como los actos <strong>de</strong> acoso eintimidación contra <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.1016. Asimismo, la Relatora Especial expresa preocupación por los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> la libertad <strong>de</strong>expresión y la libertad <strong>de</strong> la prensa en Honduras. La Relatora Especial también expresapreocupación por varios casos <strong>de</strong> supuestas amenazas dirigidas en contra <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensores cuyotrabajo está enfocado en los <strong>de</strong>rechos sexuales, la salud sexual, y los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> la gentelesbiana, gay, bisexual y transgénera (LGBT).Letter of allegationsIndia1017. On 29 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the SpecialRapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, sent a letter of allegationsregarding Dr. Harshinindar Kaur, a citizen of India, and resi<strong>de</strong>nt of Patiala, Punjab. Dr. Kaur,representing Mbororo Social and Cultural Development Association (MBOSCUDA), <strong>de</strong>livered apublic statement to the 11th session of the Human Rights Council in Geneva in June 2009, aspart of the <strong>General</strong> Debate, Agenda item No. 3. Dr. Kaur’s written and oral statement pertainedto violence against women, and more particularly to concerns of human rights violations againstwomen in India in the form of female fetici<strong>de</strong>, female infantici<strong>de</strong>, dowry practices and rape. Inthis statement, Dr. Kaur expressed general concern about these human rights violations andprovi<strong>de</strong>d some supporting statistics.1018. According to information received, reportedly, following this statement on the afternoonof 8 June 2009, Dr. Kaur was approached by a person who i<strong>de</strong>ntified herself as a “very seniorGovernment official of India” in the Palais <strong>de</strong>s Nations building in Geneva, and was verballythreatened with retaliations. The aforementioned individual allegedly threatened Dr. Kaur bytelling her that high-ranking officials in India and the Punjab region had been contacted abouther statements, inquiring about her family’s whereabouts, and telling her that she could harm heronce she was back in India. Subsequently, an employee <strong>de</strong>scribed as being from the CentralGovernment (CBI), visited Dr. Kaur’s house in the Punjab region, to also enquire about herstatement at the Human Rights Council.Response from the Government1019. In letters dated 29 July 2009 and 4 August 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to thecommunication sent on 29 July 2009, noting that the communication has been forwar<strong>de</strong>d to therelevant authorities.Urgent appeal1020. On 24 September 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms of indigenous people, the SpecialRapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expressionand the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 157punishment sent an urgent appeal to the Government regarding the arrests of Mr. Jiten Yumnam,Ms. Longjam Memchoubi, Mr. Likmabam Tompok, Mr. Amom Soken, Mr. Irom Brojen,Mr. Thiyam Dinesh, Mr. Chung-shel Koireng, Mr. Taorem Ramananda and Mr.Samjetshabam Nando. Mr. Yumnam, is a member of the Coordinating Committee of the AsiaPacific Indigenous Youth Network (APIYN) and Joint-Secretary of Citizens’ Concerns on Damand Development (CCDD). Ms. Memchoubi is a member of Apunba Lup and presi<strong>de</strong>nt of thePoirei Leimarol Meira Paibi Apunba Lup. Mr. Tompok, Mr. Soken, Mr. Brojen, Mr. Dinesh, Mr.Koireng and Mr. Ramananda are members of the All Manipur United Clubs’ Organization(AMUCO) and Mr. Nando is a member of the All Manipur Ethnical Socio-Cultural Organisation(AMESCO).1021. According to information received, on 14 September 2009, at approximately 12:30 p.m.,Mr. Yumnam was arrested at Imphal Airport in Manipur, while on his way to a regional meetingon climate change in Bangkok, Thailand. Police also confiscated his lap-top, digital camera,passport and approximately 500 USD in cash.1022. On the same day, at approximately 3:15 p.m., Mr. Tompok, Mr. Soken, Mr. Brojen, Mr.Dinesh, Mr. Koireng, Mr. Ramananda and Mr. Nando were arrested at AMUCO’s head office inKwakeithel by a combined team of Imphal West police and Singjamei police. Mr. JitenYumnam's family members went to the police station, but the police <strong>de</strong>nied any report of hisarrest.1023. On 15 September, Mr. Yumnam, Mr. Nando and the six previously mentioned membersof AMUCO were brought before the Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate in Lamphel andsubsequently reman<strong>de</strong>d in police custody until 29 September. They have reportedly been chargedwith ‘attempting to wage war’ and ‘conspiring to commit offences against the state’, of violatingSection O of the Official Secret Act by leaking information to others and unlawful associationand other related offences. During his <strong>de</strong>tention, Mr. Jiten Yumnan was allegedly subjected toelectric shocks to extract information from him.1024. At approximately 5 p.m. on the evening of 15 September, the eight <strong>de</strong>tainees werereportedly taken to J.N. Hospital at Porompat, Imphal East where they un<strong>de</strong>rwent a medicalexamination. The medical certificate concerning Mr. Yumnam stated that he had been treated forelectric shocks. After the examination, the <strong>de</strong>tainees were taken back to the Imphal PoliceStation.1025. On 25 August, Ms. Memchoubi was arrested at her home by the Manipur Police. She wasbrought before the Chief Judicial Magistrate in Imphal and subsequently reman<strong>de</strong>d in policecustody for fifteen days. She has been charged un<strong>de</strong>r section 124A/435/34 of the Indian PenalCo<strong>de</strong> (IPC), 39 of the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act (UAPA) and 7 of the Criminal LawAmendment Act (CLA).1026. It is alleged that the arrests of the abovementioned human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs are related toongoing protests following a police shootout in Imphal Town on 23 July 2009 in which apregnant woman and a minor were reportedly killed, and five others were injured. The policereportedly also accused Mr. Yumnam of being involved in a media campaign surrounding theinci<strong>de</strong>nt.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1581027. In this connection, information regarding the arrest of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs followingtheir protests in relation to this inci<strong>de</strong>nt was previously communicated to your Excellency’sgovernment on 13 August 2009 by the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or<strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment. The human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs mentioned in thecommunication are Mrs. Phanjoubam (ongbi) Sakhi, Mrs. Lourembam (ongbi) Nganbi and Mrs.Yumlembam (ongbi) Mema and lea<strong>de</strong>rs of the Working Committee of the Apunba Lup, Mr.Karam Sunil, Mr. Phurailatpam Deban, Mr. Dayananda Chingtham, Mr. Thounaojam Naobi andMrs. Leimapokpam (ongbi) Nganbi. We regret that no reply has yet been received from yourExcellency’s Government.1028. Concern was expressed that the arrests of the above mentioned human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rsare directly related to the activities that they carry out in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights, and forexercising their legitimate right to freedom of opinion and expression in relation to the policeshootout in Imphal Town. Further concern was expressed for their physical and psychologicalintegrity while in <strong>de</strong>tention.Urgent appeal1029. On 16 October 2009, the Special Rapporteur sent an urgent appeal regarding the situationof Mr Veerakumar. Mr Veerakumar is a community organizer for Vizhuthugal Organization, anon-governmental organization which works with Dalits in Tamil Nadu province.1030. According to the information received, on 29 September 2009, Mr Veerakumar wasreportedly attacked and severely injured with a sharp-edged weapon. Mr Veerakumar wasreportedly admitted to the Thiruppur Government Hospital and has been un<strong>de</strong>rgoing intensivecare.1031. The attack was allegedly conducted by Mr Saminathan Goun<strong>de</strong>r, a Gongu Velalar uppercaste member. In the past five years, it is alleged that some 42 Dalit Arunthathiyar human rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs have been victimized by Gongu Velalar caste members.1032. Protesting against the attack of Mr Veerakumar, over 3000 Dalit people reportedly stageda road picket on the Madurai-Thiruppur highway to <strong>de</strong>mand the arrest of the attacker and policeofficers whom they believe were acquiescent in the offence. It is reported that the Superintendantof the Coimbatore Police or<strong>de</strong>red the imposition of public or<strong>de</strong>r offences against the protesters.1033. Given the scale of the protest as allegedly a remedial measure, the police also registered acase against upper caste villager Saminathan un<strong>de</strong>r the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe(Prevention of Atrocities) Act of 1989, which purpose is to prevent the commission of crimesagainst members of un<strong>de</strong>rprivileged social groups or castes. In this regard, it is alleged that theattack against M. Veerakumar was linked to his involvement in an earlier case against MrSaminathan. On 25 September 2009, Mr Saminathan allegedly abducted and beat Mr Chinrasu, aDalit youth who had spoken out against caste-based violence. Mr Veerakumar assisted MrChinrasu in registering his case at the Avinashipalayam police station. It is alleged that afterhaving heard that the police had been bribed not to take any action, Mr Veerakumar asked theDistrict State Prosecutor, Mr Ramalingam, to take action.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1591034. Concern was expressed that the attack on Mr Veerakumar might be directly related to hislegitimate work in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights. Given the number of offences allegedly committedagainst un<strong>de</strong>rprivileged social groups or castes over the past few years, further concern wasexpressed for the physical and psychological integrity of all Dalit Arunthathiyar human rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs.Letter of allegations1035. On 5 November 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression sent a letter ofallegations to the Government concerning the situation of Messrs. Chotan Das, Bhanu Sarkarand Ramesh Das. Mr. Chotan Das is the Secretary of the Bandi Mukti Committee (BMC), acommittee for the release of political prisoners. Messrs. Sarkar and Ramesh Das are members ofthe same organization.1036. According to the information received, on 12 October 2009, Messrs. Sarkar and RameshDas were allegedly arrested while pasting up posters calling for the release of Mr. ChhatradharMahato of the Lalgarh Movement, which campaigns against police abuses in the Lalgarh region.They were allegedly <strong>de</strong>tained at the Armherst Street Police Station and then transferred to aPolice interrogation centre. It is reported that they were interrogated about their links withMaoism and Mr. Mahato before being released.1037. On 20 October 2009, Mr. Chotan Das was allegedly arrested by a group of policemen.They reportedly forcibly entered his house, brutalized Mr. Das and his wife, seized three mobilephones before bringing Mr. Das to the Kolkata police headquarters. It is reported that Mr. Daswas blindfol<strong>de</strong>d during the journey. He was then allegedly questioned by a police officer abouthis visit to Ranchi, in the Jharkhand State, in relation to judicial proceedings against an allegedMaoist lea<strong>de</strong>r. Mr. Das <strong>de</strong>nied knowing him and was transferred to the Beleghata Police Stationbefore being released.1038. Concern was expressed that the arrest, <strong>de</strong>tention and questioning of Messrs. Chotan Das,Bhanu Sarkar and Ramesh Das might be directly related to their legitimate work in <strong>de</strong>fense ofhuman rights. Given the brutal way Mr. Chotan Das was arrested, further concern was expressedabout his the physical and psychological integrity.Responses received to communications sent earlier1039. In a letter dates 12 February 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication setnon 19 February 2008, concerning Mr. Lachit Bordoloi.1040. The Government provi<strong>de</strong>d the following information: “Mr. Lachit Bordoloi was arrestedon specific charges of involvement in four terrorist cases and links with the banned militantoutfit ULFA. Following the or<strong>de</strong>r of the Honorable High Court, Guwahati, in June 2008, Mr.Bordoloi was subsequently released.”1041. In a letter dated 6 April 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on11 March 2008, concerning Mr Julfikar Ali.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1601042. The Government provi<strong>de</strong>d the following information: “The above-mentioned allegationwas investigated by the Government of India and the complaint has been found baseless. Thecomplainant, Mr. Julfikar Ali, has been charged un<strong>de</strong>r relevant sections of the Indian Penal Co<strong>de</strong>since he is involved in clan<strong>de</strong>stine smuggling activities along the India-Bangla<strong>de</strong>sh bor<strong>de</strong>r andhad, along with some of his colleagues, attacked a Bor<strong>de</strong>r Security Force <strong>de</strong>tachment that hadchallenged the smugglers on the night of 11-12 January 2008”.1043. In a letter dated 23 June 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on10 June 2008, concerning Messrs Henri Tiphagne, Executive Director of People’s Watch andmember of the National Human Rights Commission of India; S. Martin, Regional Law Officerat People’s Watch; and G. Ganesan and M.J. Prabakar, both State Monitoring Officers at thesame organization.1044. The Government examined the complaint and found it to be an incomplete andmisleading picture of the actual inci<strong>de</strong>nt. The Government provi<strong>de</strong>d the following information:“On May 29, 2008, a special police party of the Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu, wasfollowing a tip-off in an operation in Madurai to arrest two accused, namely Mr. Paruthiveeranand Mr. Selvam, against whom non-bailable warrants had been issued by relevant authorities.Both the accused were also associated with an NGO, People’s Watch, in or<strong>de</strong>r to provi<strong>de</strong>themselves with a cover and eva<strong>de</strong> arrest. However, by mistake, the police party arrested arelative of one of the accused, following which People’s Watch intervened with the police andthe arrested person was released. Newertheless, owing to another tip-off, the police <strong>de</strong>ployed twosmall units around Fathima College, Madurai the next day (i.e. May 30, 2008), where People’sWatch was holding a seminar which the two accused were expected to attend. However, about20 members of People’s Watch led by Mr. Henri Tiphagne, Mr. Martin, Mr. Ganesan and Mr.Prabhakar accosted one of the two-person police unit outsi<strong>de</strong> the venue, enquired after theirpurpose of <strong>de</strong>ployment and forcibly took them insi<strong>de</strong> the venue, even after the police unit toldthem about their i<strong>de</strong>ntity and purpose. This forced the local police Sub-Inspector to reach thevenue to sort out the matter. BY the time this issue was settled amicably, another group ofPeople’s Watch members forcibly brought the second three-person police unit, that had beenkeeping an eye on the venue about 500 metres away, on the charges that the unit had assaultedsome members of People’s Watch. Actually, the small second police unit had been manhandledby a large group of People’s Watch members led by a local notorious character and proclaimedoffen<strong>de</strong>r, Mr. Madurai Veeran, who is another relative of one of the two accused associated withPeople’s Watch whom the police units were hoping to arrest. Following this turn of events,another senior police officer reached the spot. Subsequently, the members of People’s Watchfiled charges against the police, while the assaulted second police unit filed charges againstPeople’s Watch members (mentioned in the OHCHR communication), at a local police station.Both the cases are un<strong>de</strong>r investigation”.1045. In a letter dated 25 June 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on18 July 2008, concerning Mr Kirity Roy.1046. The Government examined the complaint and found it to be an incomplete andmisleading picture of the actual inci<strong>de</strong>nt. The Government proi<strong>de</strong>d the following information:“While organizing a tribunal on 9-10 June 2008, to hear public testimonies on torture, Mr. KirityRoy also issued letters to serving police officials asking them to attend the event and to submittheir versions before the empanelled jury at the tribunal. Accordingly, the state authorities, as per


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 161law, issued a letter to Mr. Kirity Roy asking him to furnish any government notification thatmight have authorized him to issue summons/invitation to police authorities requiring them to toappear before the tribunal. Mr. Roy was also asked to produce pertaining to the powers andfunctions of the tribunal in or<strong>de</strong>r to ascertain the legal status of this event. However, no responsewas received from Mr. Kirty Roy. Nevertheless, some police officers from different policestation atten<strong>de</strong>d the event and <strong>de</strong>posed before the tribunal since they have been misled that Mr.Kirity Roy and other members of the tribunal were public servants and operating in anauthorized manner. Since Mr. Kirity Roy and his colleagues had violated the law by holding apublic tribunal through impersonation as public servants, and without any lawful authorization,<strong>de</strong>spite having been given an opportunity to respond to the queries raised by the state authorities,a case was registered un<strong>de</strong>r the relevant sections of the Penal Co<strong>de</strong>. In the course of subsequentinvestigation, the cre<strong>de</strong>ntials of Mr. Kirity Roy came un<strong>de</strong>r further suspicion when he provi<strong>de</strong>dwrong information to the police about the existence of the organization’s bank accounts in IndianOverseas Bank, Howrah Branch, Calcutta. Not even a single account was found in the name ofthe organization at the said bank. On 12 June 2008, a search was conducted at the office premisesof Mr. Kirity Roy following a search warrant that was issued by the Chief MetropolitanMagistrate, Calcutta. However, Mr. Kirity Roy and his colleagues again violated the law andobstructed the police officials from executing the warrant. Despite provocative attempts by Mr.Roy, the police was able to execute the search warrant and the search proceedings werevi<strong>de</strong>ographed to prevent Mr. Roy from indulging in more distortion of the facts”.1047. In a letter dated 19 March 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sentby the Special Rapporteurs on 8 July 2008 concerning Mr. Parvez Imroz and Dr. AnganaChatterji. . The Government provi<strong>de</strong>d the following information: “the Government of Indiarejects the allegations leveled by Dr. Angana Chatterji and Advocate Parvez Imroz. Owing to thefact that Jammu and Kashmir is a sensitive bor<strong>de</strong>r State of India, that has been a victim of crossbor<strong>de</strong>rterrorism for nearly two <strong>de</strong>ca<strong>de</strong>s, any person venturing near the Line of Control (LoC)without informing the authorities, is liable to be questioned and asked to prove cre<strong>de</strong>ntials by thelaw enforcing agencies. Since Dr. Chatterji and Advocate Parvez Imroz had been frequentlyvisiting areas falling close to the Line of Control without informing the authorities, they mayhave been stopped by the law enforcing agencies for ascertaining the purpose of their visit closeto the Line of Control. Such actions are necessary to maintain public or<strong>de</strong>r in a terrorism-pronearea and cannot be termed as harassment/intimidation. It may also be noted that a vigil over themovement of foreigners in such a sensitive State is for their own safety as well as to preventactivities by them that might cause public disor<strong>de</strong>r”.1048. In a letter dated 26 April 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on20 November 2008, concering Mr. Parvez Imroz. The Government examined thecommunication and found it to be an incomplete and misleading picture of the actual inci<strong>de</strong>nt.The Government provi<strong>de</strong>d the following information: “On 17 November 2008, as the polling inState <strong>Assembly</strong> elections was proceeding peacefully in Bandipora, Mr. Parvez Imroz, along withhis supporters, reached the main market in Bandipora at about 1200 hrs and conducted an antielectionrally in which about 100-150 people participated. As the rally marched towardsBandipora square, some protestors in the rally started pelting stones which forced the police totake measures to disperse the rally. When the police efforts did not have any <strong>de</strong>sired effect on theprotestors who continued to pelt stones on the police party, the police was compelled to resort toa mild baton charge. Subsequently, Mr. Parvez Imroz and two other protestors were taken to apolice station where a case was registered and the three accused were left off in the evening after


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 162obtaining personal bonds from them. The case is un<strong>de</strong>r further investigation. It may be noted thatif Mr. Imroz was in<strong>de</strong>ed playing the role of an election monitor and a human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r, ashas been mentioned in the OHCHR communication, he certainly violated his obligations byinstigating an anti-election rally that later turned violent”.Observations1049. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government for the responses provi<strong>de</strong>d toher communications of 29 July 2009, 19 February 2008, 11 March 2008, 10 June 2008, 8 July2008, 18 July 2008 and 20 November 2008. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time thepresent report was finalized, no response had been transmitted to her communications of 24September 2009, 16 October 2009 and 5 November 2009. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to hercommunications an important part of the cooperation of Governments with her mandate. Sheurges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed informationregarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken, subsequent prosecutions as well as protective measurestaken.Letter of allegationsIndonesia1050. On 1 April 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onextrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions and the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nceof judges and lawyers sent a letter of allegations to the Government regarding the ongoinginvestigation and prosecution of persons suspected of involvement in the mur<strong>de</strong>r of Mr. MunirSaid Thalib, who was killed by poisoning on a Garuda flight from Jakarta to Amsterdam on 7September 2004. The Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers and thethen Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rssent an urgent appeal to the Government regarding the killing of Mr. Munir Said Thalib on 3December 2004. The Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions sentan allegation letter regarding the investigation and judicial proceedings in this case on 30November 2006. The Government replied to the latter communication on 19 January 2007.1051. The communication by the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitraryexecutions followed a <strong>de</strong>cision of the Supreme Court of 3 October 2006. The Supreme Court hadoverturned the conviction on mur<strong>de</strong>r charges, in first and second instance, of Mr. PollycarpusBudihari Priyanto, a Garuda pilot and agent of the State Intelligence Agency, as the person whomaterially poisoned Munir Said Thalib. According to information received since then, after theacquittal the Criminal Investigation Department gathered new evi<strong>de</strong>nce and interrogated newwitnesses, including several staff members of the intelligence agency. This evi<strong>de</strong>nce and witnesstestimony were used in the Supreme Court's review of the acquittal of Mr. Priyanto. He wassubsequently tried again, convicted on mur<strong>de</strong>r charges and is currently serving a 20-years prisonsentence. Two Garuda employees have also been convicted for facilitating the presence of Mr.Priyanto on the flight and sentenced to one year imprisonment. We welcome the investigatoryand prosecutorial efforts which ma<strong>de</strong> the successful prosecution of the above-mentioned threeindividuals possible.1052. In its communication to the Special Rapporteur of 19 January 2007, however, theGovernment also stated that “it has been the government’s task and focus for some time now to


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 163uncover the masterminds behind this mur<strong>de</strong>r […] who have for so long […] remained at large”.We share the Government’s view that the successful investigation and prosecution of those whohave or<strong>de</strong>red, planned and otherwise been complicit in the mur<strong>de</strong>r of Mr. Munir Said Thalib is ofthe utmost importance. It is in respect of a recent serious setback in these efforts that we are nowwriting to your the Government.1053. According to the information received, retired Major <strong>General</strong> Muchdi Purwopranjono,former Deputy Head of the State Intelligence Agency, was charged with plotting and or<strong>de</strong>ringthe killing of Mr. Munir Said Thalib. Major <strong>General</strong> Muchdi Purwopranjono was the first personcharged for planning and or<strong>de</strong>ring the killing. He was arrested on 19 June 2008, and in August2008 the court proceedings started before the District Court in South Jakarta. On 31 December2008, the District Court acquitted Major Muchdi on all charges and or<strong>de</strong>red his release.1054. Sworn statements to the Criminal Investigation Department by agents of the StateIntelligence Agency (Badan Intelijen Negara, or BIN) were among the key evi<strong>de</strong>nce to theprosecution case against Major <strong>General</strong> Muchdi Purwopranjono. At trial, however, thesewitnesses from the State Intelligence Agency withdrew their previous sworn testimony to theCriminal Investigation Department. The District Court judges noted the difference between theprior statements and the current testimony. They warned that the discrepancies would be noted inthe transcript of proceedings and remin<strong>de</strong>d the witnesses of the maximum punishment if theygive false testimony. However, the judges did not or<strong>de</strong>r the arrest of witnesses or recommendtheir prosecution un<strong>de</strong>r the laws relating to false testimony (Article 174 paragraph (1) and (2) ofthe Criminal Procedure Co<strong>de</strong>).1055. In addition to the systematic retraction at trial of prior witness statements by StateIntelligence Agency members, the investigation and prosecution continues to suffer from a lackof cooperation by the State Intelligence Agency. The Agency failed to make key witnessesavailable to the above-mentioned in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt investigation team. The police was also not able toobtain the content of the more than 40 calls from the phone of Mr. Priyanto to Major <strong>General</strong>Muchdi.1056. Moreover, during the trial of Major <strong>General</strong> Muchdi Purwopranjono, organized groups ofmilitia and thugs intimidated Ms. Suciwati, the widow of Munir Said Thalib, and other humanrights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in the court room.Letter of allegations1057. On 4 September 2009, the Special Rapporteur sent a letter of allegations to theGovernment Regarding the situation of Mr. Andreas Wakerkwa. Mr. Wakerkwa is a memberof the West Papua Interest Association (WPIA), an in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt tra<strong>de</strong> union association.1058. According to the information received, on 21 August 2009, Mr. Wakerkwa’s house inJayapura was reportedly searched by policemen. The police seized documents belonging to theWest Papua Interest Association (WPIA). They also seized a bicycle pump and a cassowary bone,items used by the Dani tribe as their traditional knife for cutting pig meat.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1641059. After the search, Mr. Wakerkwa was arrested by the Jayapura police, allegedly onsuspicion of using the seized bicycle pump as a bomb. Mr. Wakerkwa is reportedly <strong>de</strong>tained inJayapura Police Station. His health condition is reportedly weak because of the food given in jail.1060. Concern was expressed that the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Wakerkwa might be directlyrelated to his legitimate work in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights. Given his health condition, furtherconcern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity of Mr. Wakerkwa while in<strong>de</strong>tention.Observations1061. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time the present report was finalized, norespose had been received to any of her communications. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to hercommunications an important part of the cooperation of Governments with her mandate. Sheurges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed informationregarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken, subsequent prosecutions as well as protective measurestaken.Urgent appealIran (Islamic Republic of)1062. On 22 December 2008, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression sent an urgentappeal to the Government concerning Ms Shirin Ebadi, and the closure of the offices of twonon-governmental organizations foun<strong>de</strong>d by her, the Defen<strong>de</strong>rs of Human Rights Center and theCenter for Clearing Mine Areas.1063. Ms Ebadi was the subject of an urgent appeal sent by the Special Rapporteur on thesituation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judgesand lawyers on 14 August 2008; an urgent appeal sent by the Special Rapporteur on violenceagainst women and the then Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation ofhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 16 April 2008; an urgent appeal sent by the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the then Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the then Special Representativeof the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 11 August 2006; anurgent appeal sent by the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention,the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the then Special Rapporteuron the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the thenSpecial Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 4August 2005; an urgent appeal sent by the then Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on violenceagainst women, and the then Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation ofhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 13 January 2005 and an urgent appeal sent by the then SpecialRapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression,the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions and the then SpecialRepresentative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 8 December 2003.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1651064. According to the information received, on 21 December 2008, around 3:00 p.m., 10 to15uniformed and plainclothes security agents entered the offices of the Defen<strong>de</strong>rs Human RightsCenter, as approximately 300 members, including Shirin Ebadi herself, were preparing tocelebrate the 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.1065. The security agents were allegedly not in possession of a search warrant. The agentsvi<strong>de</strong>otaped guests arriving to the commemorative event, attacked and intimidated guests andprevented them from entering the building. The security agents filmed the premises, ma<strong>de</strong> aninventory and closed down the office.1066. The prosecutor of Tehran later confirmed the closure of the Defen<strong>de</strong>rs of Human RightsCenter, due to its “illegal activities”. According to the Tehran prosecutor’s office, the Center“was acting as a political party without having a legal permit, had illegal contacts with local andforeign organizations and organized news conferences and seminars”.1067. Concern was expressed that the closure of the offices of the Defen<strong>de</strong>r of Human RightsCenter and the Center for Clearing Mine Areas may be related to the legitimate activities in<strong>de</strong>fence of human rights of both Mrs Shirin Ebadi and the non-governmental organizationsfoun<strong>de</strong>d by her. Further concern was expressed that the closure of the offices of the Defen<strong>de</strong>r ofHuman Rights Center and the Center for Clearing Mine Areas might form part of a broa<strong>de</strong>rattempt to silence Iran’s human rights community.Response from the Government1068. In a letter dated 8 January 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communications senton 22 December and 31 December 2009. In its response, the Government provi<strong>de</strong>d informationreceived from the pertinent authorities of the Islamic Republic of Iran.1069. The Government noted that the Defen<strong>de</strong>rs of Human Rights Centre as a politicalorganization (and not a non-governmental organization) had received preliminary permit ofestablishment but the Centre had never correctly provi<strong>de</strong>d its articles of association or its charterfor approval legalization by the Commission. Therefore, in accordance with the existing lawsand regulations, the Centre may not have any type of activities until it receives approval of itsarticles of association as well as its permit for activities. Temporary permits are usually issued toNGOs in the Islamic Republic of Iran with the purpose of giving the ground for their growthfollowing which they will have a short period of time for having their articles of associationapproved for receiving an official permit for their activities.1070. The Commission of Article 10 of the Act on Activities of Associations and Parties whichconsists of representatives from the three Barnches (two representatives from the Judiciary, twofrom the Legislative and one from the Executive), operates in the framework set by the Act onActivities of Parties and Associations, approved on 29 August 1981, and its rules of procedure,adopted by the Cabinet of Ministers on 20 June 1982.1071. Despite lacking an official permit for activities, Ms. Ebadi’s Centre has been freelyoperating in the course of recent years, carrying out freely its activities such as releasingstatements, writing letters to different local governmental and non-governmental organizations,holding of meeting and etc.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1661072. The pertinent authorities sent the required legal Notices to the Centre through letter No.281/46 dated 20 November 2005, and No. 4/43/104969 dated 16 January 2006, but the Centre,ignoring the legal requirements, did not abi<strong>de</strong> by regulations and continued its activities.1073. Consi<strong>de</strong>ring the above mentioned <strong>de</strong>velopments and on the <strong>de</strong>cision of the Commissionof Article 10, the Secretariat of the Commission released a statement on 1 August 2006, whichstated that since the Centre had not duly observed the required regulations (provision of articlesof association and its approval by the Commission), any activity un<strong>de</strong>r the name of theDefen<strong>de</strong>rs of Human Rights Centre would be illegal and thus violators would be legally sued.1074. Lack of intention on the si<strong>de</strong> of the Centre for taking the required action through the rulesof procedure, within the following two years, was proved to the Commission, and as a result, on13 December 2008, the Commission of Article 10 requested the appropriate judicial authority,through a letter, to investigate the case. Following completion of investigations, the Prosecutor’sOffice issued a legal or<strong>de</strong>r for sealing and closure of the Centre’s office. The or<strong>de</strong>r was carriedout on 21 December 2008, by law enforcement officers.1075. The Government further noted that it should not be assumed that winning a Nobel Prizeor any other award brings immunity or impunity, as well as liberty of doing wrong against therule of law. Ms. Ebadi is well aware of legal requirements for registering the Centre, and she isexpected, as a lawyer, to be a role mo<strong>de</strong>l for others. The Iranian judicial authorities may notforce her to provi<strong>de</strong> the required documents if she doesn’t wish so. At the same time, theJudiciary, as a symbol of law, cannot ignore the prevailing laws and regulations. Ms. Ebadi andother members of the Centre are completely free, on the basis of their rights and responsibilitiesbefore the law to enjoy their freedom of expression.1076. It should also be said that the Centre was simply closed following all the abovementioned<strong>de</strong>velopments with due serious consi<strong>de</strong>ration of dignity of individuals. According tothe reports, there was no arrest of individuals nor damages were inflicted to the Centre; and theofficers who carried out the Prosecutor’s or<strong>de</strong>r resented their i<strong>de</strong>ntifications.1077. The Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran, firmly believing in the rule of law, as abasis for <strong>de</strong>velopment and progress of the country in different fields, has been un<strong>de</strong>r severecontinuous criticism from different angles, including local NGOs, for, as they say, treating theCentre with an exceptional courtesy, and for its being tolerant and lenient with the Centre’sactivities, while it has not abi<strong>de</strong>d by laws and regulations in obtaining a legal permit, while theother similar bodies had done so. Making a brawl over an unfoun<strong>de</strong>d allegation is not, absolutely,the solution. We believe that it is not only for what we do that we are held responsible, but alsofor what we do not.1078. The distinguished Rapporteurs are assured that there was no “raid” or “attack” on theoffice or house of Ms. Ebadi. We would also like to reiterate that the reports conveyingotherwise to the Rapporteurs are pure fabrication and misinterpretation of <strong>de</strong>velopments. It isalso regrettable to hear that the legal investigation of the financial activities of Ms. Ebadi, as acause of her tax evasion, has been reported as a removal of confi<strong>de</strong>ntial files. We would like toalert against the political brawl that Ms. Ebadi or members of her office have been engineering.We do not wish to fall victim to it.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1671079. Ms. Ebadi and her colleagues are able to conduct their legitimate activities. Frequentmeetings, statements and overseas visits of Ms. Ebadi and her colleagues, including the ones toGeneva are explicit <strong>de</strong>monstration of the enjoyment of their rights.Urgent appeal1080. On 31 December 2008, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding Ms Shirin Ebadi, a prominent lawyer, human rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate.1081. Ms Ebadi was the subject of an urgent appeal sent by the Special Rapporteur on thesituation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protectionof the right to freedom of opinion and expression on 22 December 2008; the Special Rapporteuron the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce ofjudges and lawyers on 14 August 2008; an urgent appeal sent by the Special Rapporteur onviolence against women and the then Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on thesituation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 16 April 2008; an urgent appeal sent by the SpecialRapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the then Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the then SpecialRepresentative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 11 August2006; an urgent appeal sent by the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on ArbitraryDetention, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the then SpecialRapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expressionand the then Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 4 August 2005; an urgent appeal sent by the then Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the SpecialRapporteur on violence against women, and the then Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 13 January 2005 and an urgent appeal sentby the then Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom ofopinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executionsand the then Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 8December 2003.1082. According to the information received, on 29 December 2008, at about 5:30 pm, fiveplainclothes security officers i<strong>de</strong>ntifying themselves as finance inspectors rai<strong>de</strong>d the offices ofMs Ebadi’s law firm in Tehran. The security officers presented a letter that they said allowedthem to take the computers and documents from the office. Ms Ebadi refused to surren<strong>de</strong>r hercomputer and case files, citing the confi<strong>de</strong>ntial nature of her work.1083. Following a five-hour search through client files, accounts, personal documents andcomputers, the security officers confiscated about 70 boxes filled with professional and personalfiles. The officers also took two central processing units (hard drives) of Ms Ebadi’s computers.1084. This latest raid follows the closure of the Defen<strong>de</strong>rs Human Rights Center on 21December 2008, and the closure of the Center for Clearing Mine Areas on the same day. BothNGOs were foun<strong>de</strong>d by Ms Ebadi.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1681085. Concern was expressed that the raid by security officials on Ms Ebadi’s law offices, aswell as the confiscation of her confi<strong>de</strong>ntial documents and computers may be related to herlegitimate activities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights. Further concern was expressed that this latestraid may form part of an ongoing harassment of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in Iran.Response from the Government1086. In a letter dated 8 January 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communications senton 22 December and 31 December 2008. The response is reproduced above.Urgent appeal1087. On 19 January 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteurof the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal to theGovernment regarding Ms Jinus Sobhani, member of the Defen<strong>de</strong>rs of Human Rights Centreand administrative assistant to both the Defen<strong>de</strong>rs of Human Rights Centre and the Center forClearing Mine Areas.1088. According to the information received, at 6:30 a.m. on 14 January 2009, the home of MsJinus Sobhani was searched by security agents. The security agents seized personal itemsbelonging to Ms Jinus Sobhani and her husband. Following the search of her home, Ms Sobhaniwas arrested. The place of her <strong>de</strong>tention is currently unknown.1089. Besi<strong>de</strong>s acting as administrative assistant in two NGOs foun<strong>de</strong>d by Ms Shirin Ebadi,Nobel Peace Prize laureate, Ms Jinus Sobhani has also written on legal issues for several Iranianpublications.1090. This arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention follows the closure of the Defen<strong>de</strong>rs Human Rights Center on21 December 2008, and the closure of the Center for Clearing Mine Areas on the same day. BothNGOs were foun<strong>de</strong>d by Ms Ebadi.1091. Concern was expressed regarding the physical and psychological integrity of Ms JinusSobhani. Further concern was expressed that the search of resi<strong>de</strong>nce and subsequent arrest, aswell as <strong>de</strong>tention at an unknown location of Ms Jinus Sobhani may be related to her legitimateactivities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, and may form part of an ongoing campaign of stateharassment of Ms Shirin Ebadi and other human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in Iran.Urgent appeal1092. On 20 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on the rightof everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health,and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment orpunishment, sent an urgent appeal to the Government regarding Mr. Mansour Ossanlu, headand founding member of the Syndicate of Bus Operators of Tehran and Suburbs (SandikayeKargarane Sherkat-e Vahed), a union that campaigns for the rights of workers.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1691093. Mr. Ossanlu was the subject of three urgent appeals sent by the Chairperson-Rapporteurof the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Representative of the Secretary<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and the Special Rapporteur on the promotionand protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression on 16 January 2006, on 4December 2006, and on 13 July 2007.1094. According to further information received, Mr. Ossanlu is currently serving a five-yearprison sentence after being charged with “acting against <strong>national</strong> security”.1095. Mr. Ossanlu’s professional activities consisted of organizing labour unions, and inclu<strong>de</strong>dthe <strong>de</strong>fence of the rights of his co-workers. He has campaigned consistently for governmentrecognition of the right to form in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt unions and reportedly he has been repeatedlytargeted as a lea<strong>de</strong>r of the campaign for workers’ rights in Iran. It is reported that eventsorganized by his Syndicate have been attacked, during which members have been seriouslyinjured.1096. Mr. Ossanlu, since his <strong>de</strong>tention and the extension of his prison term, has allegedlysuffered from serious physical and mental ailments. In addition to eye ailments and open-heartsurgery, two of his arteries are clogged. He has un<strong>de</strong>rgone several surgeries but is allegedly<strong>de</strong>nied routine specialist health care insi<strong>de</strong> the prison. Due to his condition, the governmentreportedly appointed a medical examiner; the latter has twice or<strong>de</strong>red an end to his imprisonment,however this call has been <strong>de</strong>nied by judicial authorities.1097. Concern was expressed that Mr Mansour Ossanlu’s <strong>de</strong>tention might be related to hispeaceful work in the <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, in particular his tra<strong>de</strong> union activities. Furtherconcern was expressed for the physical integrity of Mr Ossanlu.Urgent appeal1098. On 16 June 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the the Chairperson-Rapporteurof the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce ofjudges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right tofreedom of opinion and expression, and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel,inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal to the Governmentconcerning the situation of Mr Abdolfattah Soltani, a prominent human rights lawyer andfounding member of the non-governmental organization Defen<strong>de</strong>rs of Human Rights Centre.1099. Mr Soltani was the subject of several urgent appeals and letters of allegations sent on 4August 2005, 14 December 2005, 31 March 2006, 8 August 2006, 11 August 2006, 15November 2007 and 12 November 2008.1100. According to the information received, on 16 June 2009, a group of plainclothes agentsreportedly arrested Mr Soltani in front of his home, and took him to an undisclosed location. Thewhereabouts of Mr Soltani are currently unknown.1101. Serious concern was expressed that the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr Soltani may be linkedto his peaceful human rights activities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, and may form part of a current


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 170pattern of harassment against human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs. In view of his incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention,further concern was expressed for his physical and psychological integrity.Urgent appeal1102. On 10 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protectionof the right to freedom of opinion and expression, Special Rapporteur on the situation of humanrights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>gradingtreatment or punishment sent an urgent appeal to the Government regarding several hundredpeople arrested during the protests following the presi<strong>de</strong>ntial elections on 12 June 2009 inTehran and other Iranian cities, who remain in <strong>de</strong>tention. They were allegedly arrested bymembers of the Police, the security forces, the Bassijis or plain-clothes officers of theintelligence service during the <strong>de</strong>monstrations or at their home. The vast majority of thosearrested have been <strong>de</strong>prived of any contact with members of their family, and have not hadaccess to legal counsel.1103. Among those allegedly arrested in Tehran are:1. Alireza Beheshti Shirazi; Editor of Kalameh Sabz newspaper; arrested on 23 June2009;2. Sadra Beheshti Shirazi; son of Alireza Behesthi Shirazi; staff of Kalameh Sabznewspaper; arrested on 23 June 2009;3. Issa Saharkhiz; journalist; member of the Association for the Defense of Freedom ofthe Press Anjomane Defa az Azadie Matbuat; arrested on 4 July 2009;4. Mazyar Bahari; Iranian-Canadian; journalist for Newsweek; arrested on 22 June 2009;5. Ahmad Zeidabadi; journalist; Secretary-<strong>General</strong> of Sazman-e Advar Tahkim (Alumniof Daftare Tahkim Vahdat stu<strong>de</strong>nt organization); arrested on 14 June 2009;6. Saeed Leylaz; journalist; former economic manager during Presi<strong>de</strong>nt MohammadKhatami’s Government; arrested on 17 June 2009;7. Mohammad Ghoochani; Editor-in-Chief of Eternad Melli newspaper, official organ ofMehdi Karroubi’s party; arrested on 18 June 2009;8. Bahman Ahmadi Amooei; journalist; reformist; arrested on 20 June 2009;9. Zhila Bani-Yaghoob; journalist; women’s rights activist; arrested on 20 June 2009;10. Keyvan Samimi; Managing editor of the banned monthly Na’meh; arrested on 14June 2009;11. Abdolreza Tajik; journalist and political activist; arrested on 14 June 2009;12. Mahsa Amrabadi; journalist for Eternad Melli newspaper; arrested on 14 June 2009;


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 17113. Massoud Bastani; editor of the Jomhuriiat website; arrested on 5 July 2009;14. Shokufeh Azar; journalist for the Sarmayeh (Capital) newspaper; arrested on 28 June2009;15. Amir-Hossein Mahdavi; journalist and political activist; arrested on 13 June 2009;16. Mostafa Ghavanloo Qajar; journalist; arrested on 22 June 2009;17. Behzad Bashou; caricaturist; arrested on 21 June 2009;18. Mojtaba Tehrani; journalist for Eterned Melli newspaper; arrested on 29 June 2009;19. Kambiz Nowrouzi; Secretary of the Legal Committee of the Association of IranianJournalists (Anjomane Senfie Ruznamenegaran Iran); arrested on 28 June 2009;20. Abdolfattah Soltani; leading member of Iran’s Bar Association; member of theCenter for Defen<strong>de</strong>rs of Human Rights (Kanoon Modafean Hoghooghe Bashar); arrestedon 16 June 2009;21. Shiva Nazar-Ahai; human rights activist; arrested on 14 June 2009;22. Mohammad-Ali Abtahi; former member of the Majlis (Parliament); supporter ofMehdi Karroubi in the presi<strong>de</strong>ntial elections; arrested on 16 June 2009;23. Saeed Hadjarian; member of the Central Committee of Jebhe Mosharekat Iran Eslami(Participation Front); arrested on 15 June 2009;24. Mohsen Aminza<strong>de</strong>h;member of the Central Committee of Jebhe Mosharekat; Head ofthe Coalition of Reformers’ Committee (supporting presi<strong>de</strong>ntial candidate Mir HosseinMousavi); arrested on 16 June 2009;25. Abdollah Ramezanza<strong>de</strong>h; member of the Central Committee of Jebhe Mosharekat;spokesperson for Mohammad Khatami’s Government; arrested on 14 June 2009;26. Mohsen Mirdamadi; Secretary-<strong>General</strong> of Jebhe Mosharekat; arrested on 20 June2009;27. Mohsen Safai Farahani; member of the Executive Committee of Jebhe Mosharekat;arrested on 20 June 2009;28. Dawood Soleimani; member of the Executive Committee of Jebhe Mosharekat;arrested on 20 June 2009;29. Ali Tajernia; member of the Executive Committee of Jebhe Mosharekat; arrested on20 June 2009;


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 17230. Saeed Shirkavand; Deputy Minister of Economy in Mohammad Khatami’sGovernment; member of the Executive Committee of Jebhe Mosharekat; arrested on 20June 2009;31. Shahab Tabatabi; Head of the Youth Committee of support of Mousavi; member ofthe Executive Committee of Jebhe Mosharekat; arrested on 20 June 2009;32. Ali Asqar Khodayari; former member of the Executive Committee of JebheMosharekat; arrested on 14 June 2009;33. Saeed Noor-Mohammadi; member of the Youth Division of Jebhe Mosharekat;arrested on 20 June 2009;34. Reza Homayi; member of Jebhe Mosharekat; arrested on 23 June 2009;35. Zoya Hassani; member of Jebhe Mosharekat; arrested on 30 June 2009;36. Saee<strong>de</strong>h Kordinejad; member of Jebhe Mosharekat; arrested on 30 June 2009;37. Morteza Owsati; member of Jebhe Mosharekat; arrested on 30 June 2009;38. Behzad Nabavi; member of the Central Council of the Organization for theMojahedin of the Islamic Revolution (Sazemane Mojahedin-e Enghelab Eslami);member of Jebhe Mosharekat; arrested on 13 June 2009;39. Mostafda Tajza<strong>de</strong>h; member of the Central Council of the Organization for theMojahedin of the Islamic Revolution (Sazemane Mojahedin-e Enghelab Eslami);member of Jebhe Mosharekat; arrested on 14 June 2009;40. Mohammad Javad Imam; Head of the Elections Committee in Tehran of theOrganization for the Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution (Sazemane Mojahedin-eEnghelab Eslami); arrested on 30 June 2009;41. Shahab Pour-Ghasemi; member of the Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution(Sazemane Mojahedin-e Enghelab Eslami); arrested on 20 June 2009;42. Majid Nayeri; member of the Tehran Council of the Organization for the Mojahedinof the Islamic Revolution (Sazemane Mojahedin-e Enghelab Eslami); arrested on 20 June2009;43. Sa<strong>de</strong>gh Nowruzi; Head of the Political Council of the Organization for the Mojahedinof the Islamic Revolution (Sazemane Mojahedin-e Enghelab Eslami); arrested on 20 June2009;44. Mohammad Atrianfar; member of the Central Council of the Hezbe KargozaranSazan<strong>de</strong>ghi-e Iran (Party for the Executives of Construction of Iran); arrested on 14 June2009;


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 17345. Hedayatallah Aghai; member of the Central Council of the Hezbe KargozaranSazan<strong>de</strong>ghi-e Iran (Party for the Executives of Construction of Iran); arrested on 18 June2009;46. Jahanbakhsh Khanjani; member of the Hezbe Kargozaran Sazan<strong>de</strong>ghi-e Iran (Partyfor the Executives of Construction of Iran); spokesperson for the Ministry of the Interiorduring Mohammad Khatami’s Government; arrested on 14 June 2009;47. Mohammad Tavasoli; Head of the Political Office of Nehzat Azadi-e Iran (FreedomMovement of Iran); arrested on 16 June 2009;48. Emad Bahavar; Head of the Youth Division of Nehzat Azadi-e Iran (FreedomMovement of Iran); arrested on 27 May 2009;49. Mohammad Bagher Alavi; member of Nehzat Azadi-e Iran (Freedom Movement ofIran); arrested on 21 June 2009;50. Mojataba Khandan; member of the Youth Division of Nehzat Azadi-e Iran (FreedomMovement of Iran); arrested on 13 June 200951. Saeed Zeraatkar; member of the Youth Division of Nehzat Azadi-e Iran (FreedomMovement of Iran); arrested on 13 June 2009;52. Mohammad-Reza Ahmadinia; member of the Youth Division of Nehzat Azadi-e Iran(Freedom Movement of Iran); arrested on 13 June 2009;53. Ahmad Afchel; member of the Youth Division of Nehzat Azadi-e Iran (FreedomMovement of Iran); arrested on 13 June 2009;54. Ruhollah Shafii; member of the Youth Division of Nehzat Azadi-e Iran (FreedomMovement of Iran); arrested on 13 June 2009;55. Ali Mehrdad; member of the Youth Division of Nehzat Azadi-e Iran (FreedomMovement of Iran); arrested on 13 June 2009;56. Kursoh Zaeim; member of the Central Council of Jebhe Melli-e Iran (National Frontof Iran); arrested on 21 June 2009;57. Mahmud Ebrahimi; member of Hezbe Hambastegi (Solidarity Party); arrested on 17June 2009;58. Ali-Reza Hashemi; Secretary-<strong>General</strong> of the Iran’s Teachers Association (SazemaneMoaleman Iran); arrested on 17 June 2009;59. Mohsen Hakimi; labor activist and member of the Iran Writers Association (KanoonNevisan<strong>de</strong>ghan Iran); arrested on 23 June 2009;60. Mehdi Khazali; manager of Hayyan publication; arrested on 29 June 2009;


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 17461. Hassan Moadikhah; manager of Zarreh publication; arrested on 17 June 2009;62. Seyed Khalil Mir-Ashrafi; graphist and movie editor; arrested on 17 June 2009;63. Hossein Delir; cinema director; arrested on 22 June 2009;64. Mohammad-Reza Jalaipour; spokesperson for Moje Sevorn (Third Wave) Campaignand Mir Hossein Mousavi supporter; arrested on 17 June 2009;65. Somaye Tohidloo; web-blogger supporting Mir Hossein Mousavi; political activist;arrested on 14 June 2009;66. Jalal Mohammadioo; member of Moje Sevorn (Third Wave) Campaign and MirHossein Mousavi supporter; arrested on 30 June 2009;67. Hamzeh Ghalebi; Head of the Youth Section at Mir Hossein Mousavi’s campaignheadquarters; arrested on 20 June 2009;68. Ehsan Bakeri; member of Mir Hossein Mousavi’s election campaign team; arrestedon 20 June 2009;69. Ahmad Moradi; member of Mir Hossein Mousavi’s election campaign team; arrestedon 17 June 2009;70. Ali Mohaghar; member of Mir Hossein Mousavi’s election campaign team; arrestedon 16 June 2009;71. Ali Vafghi; member of Mir Hossein Mousavi’s election campaign team; arrested on20 June 2009;72. Kaveh Servati; activist supporting Mir Hossein Mousavi; arrested on 18 June 2009;73. Abdollah Momeni; spokesperson for Sazemane Advare Tahkim Vahdat (Alumni ofthe Daftare Tahkim Vahdat stu<strong>de</strong>nt organization); arrested on 20 June 2009;74. Hamed Irasnshahi; member of the policy group of Sazemane Advare Tahkim Vahdat(Alumni of the Daftare Tahkim Vahdat stu<strong>de</strong>nt organization); arrested on 16 June 2009;75. Mohammad Ghaem-Maghami; member of Sazemane Advare Tahkim Vahdat(Alumni of the Daftare Tahkim Vahdat stu<strong>de</strong>nt organization); arrested on 22 June 2009;76. Peyman Aref; member of the stu<strong>de</strong>nt division of Jebhe Melli Iran (Iran’s NationalFront); arrested on 18 June 2009;77. Seyed Mohammad Bagher Oskoui; leading member of the Youth Division of MehdiKarroubi’s election campaign team; arrested on15 June 2009;Allegedly kept in <strong>de</strong>tention in Rasht:


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 17578. Mojtaba Pour-Mohsen; editor of Gilan Emrouz newspaper; arrested on 15 June 2009;Allegedly arrested in Karaj:79. Fariborz Soroush; journalist; arrested on 16 June 2009;Among those allegedly arrested in Bushehr are:80. Amanollah Shodjayi; journalist; arrested on 21 June 2009;81. Mashallah Heydarza<strong>de</strong>h; journalist; arrested on 21 June 2009;82. Hossein Shokuhi; journalist; arrested on 21 June 2009;83. Hami<strong>de</strong>h Mahouzi; journalist; arrested on 21 June 2009;Persons allegedly arrested in Ahvaz:84. Abolfazl Abedini; human rights activist; arrested on 30 June 2009;85. Sajad Taherza<strong>de</strong>h; Secretary of the Islamic Stu<strong>de</strong>nt Association of the Oil College;arrested on 2 July 2009;86. Sahand Bakhtiarpour; former Secretary of the Islamic Stu<strong>de</strong>nt Association of the OilCollege, arrested on 2 July 2009;Allegedly arrested in the Holy City of Qom:87. Abbas Kousha; member of the Political Office of Jebhe Mosharekat; arrested on 30June 2009;Allegedly arrested in Bandar Abbas:


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 17688. Javid Ramezanpour; Head of Hormozgan Region Council in Jebhe Mosharekat(Participation Front); arrested on 15 June 2009;89. Mansu Nabiza<strong>de</strong>h; Comman<strong>de</strong>r of the Hormozgan Province Army Division duringthe Iran-Iraq war and member of Mir Hossein Mousavi’s campaign team in theHormozgan Province; arrested on 17 June 2009;90. Ahmad Moradi; member of Mir Hossein Mousavi’s campaign team in theHormozgan Province; arrested on 17 June 2009;Allegedly arrested in Isfahan:91. Mohsen Bastani; in charge of Isfahan Affairs at Sazeman-e Mojahedin-e Engelab;arrested on 17 June 2009;Persons allegedly arrested in Tabriz:92. Ghafar Farzadi; responsible for East Azerbaijan Province in Nehzat-e Azadi; arrestedon 21 June 2009;93. Majid Jaberi; member of Nehzat-e Azadi; arrested on 17 June 2009;94. Rahmatollah Amiri; member of Nehzat-e Azadi; arrested on 17 June 2009;95. Ruhollah Rahimpour; member of Nehzat-e Azadi; arrested on 15 June 2009;96. Amir-Hossein Jahani; member of Nehzat-e Azadi; arrested on 15 June 2009;97. Ali-Ashraf Soltaniazar; member of Nehzat-e Azadi; arrested on 15 June 2009;98. Rahim Yavari; member of Nehzat-e Azadi; arrested on 15 June 2009;99. Jalil Sharbayanloo; activist for the Melli-Mazhabi (Nationalist-Religious) politicalopposition group; arrested on 21 June 2009;100. Mosatafa Saket; Secretary of Sazmane Advare Tahkim in East Azerbaijan Province;arrested on 17 June 2009;


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 177Allegedly arrested in Fooman:101. Reza Kazemi; activist for the Melli-Mazhabi opposition group; arrested on 21 June2009;Allegedly arrested in Hamedan:102. Hadi Ehtezazi; activist for the Melli-Mazhabi opposition group; arrested on 19 June2009;103. Hossein Mojahed; Secretary-<strong>General</strong> of Hezbe Jame-e Madani (Civil Society Party);arrested on 16 June 2009;104. Mohammad Sayyadi; member of the Islamic Stu<strong>de</strong>nt Association of Bu-AliUniversity; arrested on 16 June 2009;People arrested in Mashhad:105. Seyed Hashem Khastar; labor activist; arrested on 19 June 2009;106. Ruhollah Shahsavari; Head of Seta<strong>de</strong> 99 (Committee 88, supporting Mir HosseinMousavi) in the Khorasan Razavi Province; arrested on 17 June 2009;107. Mohsen Roozbahan; member of Mir Hossein Mousavi’s election campaign team inthe Khorasan Razavi Province; arrested on 17 June 2009;108. Amir Eghtenai; Head of the Khorasan Province in Sazmane Advar Tahkim; arrestedon 18 June 2009;Allegedly arrested in Amol:109. Mousa Rajayi; dissi<strong>de</strong>nt cleric; arrested on 17 June 2009;Persons arrested in Zanjan:110. Jalal Bahrami; member of the stu<strong>de</strong>nt division of Mir Hossein Mousavi’s electioncampaign team; arrested on 20 June 2009;111. Reza Arjini; member of the stu<strong>de</strong>nt division of Mir Hossein Mousavi’s electioncampaign team; arrested on 20 June 2009;112. Sa<strong>de</strong>gh Rasooli; member of the stu<strong>de</strong>nt division of Mir Hossein Mousavi’s electioncampaign team; arrested on 20 June 2009;113. Alireza Babaloo; member of the Islamic Stu<strong>de</strong>nt Association of the ZanjanUniversity; arrested on 15 June 2009;114. Mansur Vafa; member of the stu<strong>de</strong>nt division of Mir Hossein Mousavi’s electioncampaign team; arrested on 21 June 2009;


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 178Allegedly arrested in Qazvin:115. Hossein Reisian; Professor of the Imam Khomeini Inter<strong>national</strong> University; arrestedon 19 June 2009;Allegedly arrested in Babolsar:116. Reza Arab; Secretary of the Islamic Stu<strong>de</strong>nt Association of Mazandaran University;arrested on 30 June 2009;Allegedly arrested in Zahedan:117. Shahryar Hosseinbar; lea<strong>de</strong>r of the stu<strong>de</strong>nt division of Mehdi Karroubi’s electioncampaign team in the Sistan and Baluchistan Province; arrested on 14 June 2009;Allegedly arrested in Kish Island:118. Hossein Zamani; Pop singer; arrested on 16 June 2009.1104. Fears have been expressed that the aforementioned individuals may be subjected totorture or other forms of ill-treatment, notably to extract confessions on public TV channelsacknowledging that they have been manipulated by foreign countries.Urgent appeal1105. On 16 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the by the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection ofthe right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the Special Rapporteur on torture and othercruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal to the Governmentregarding Mr Mohammad Ali Dadkhah, Ms Sara Sabaghian, Ms Bahareh Davallou, MrAmir Raisian and Ms Maliheh Dadkhah. Mr Dadkhah is a lawyer and founding member of theDefen<strong>de</strong>rs of Human Rights Centre (DHRC). Ms Sabaghian, Ms Davallou and Mr Raisian arealso lawyers.1106. According to the information received, on 8 July 2009, at approximately 4.00 p.m., threeindividuals in civilian clothing, entered the law firm of Mr Dadkhah, without presenting an arrestwarrant, and arrested Mr Mohammad Ali Dadkhah, along with other lawyers, Ms SaraSabaghian, Ms Bahareh Davallou and Mr Amir Raisian. The daughter of Mr Dadkhah, MsMalileh Dadkhah was also arrested. The law firm was subsequently closed.1107. The whereabouts of Mr Mohammad Ali Dadkhah, Ms Sara Sabaghian, Ms BaharehDavallou, Mr Amir Raisian and Ms Maliheh Dadkhah are currently unknown.1108. Concern was expressed that the arrest and incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr MohammadAli Dadkhah, Ms Sara Sabaghian, Ms Bahareh Davallou, Mr Amir Raisian and Ms MalihehDadkhah may be related to their work in the <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, in particular MrDadkhah’s criticism of the use of the <strong>de</strong>ath penalty and the execution of several persons on 3July 2009 on drug trafficking charges. Serious concern was expressed regarding their physical


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 179and psychological integrity in light of their incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention. Further concern wasexpressed given that Mr Mohammad Ali Dadkhah is the third member of the DHRC currently in<strong>de</strong>tention, along with Mr Abdolfattah Soltani and Ms Mohammad Reza Tajik.Urgent appeal1109. On 16 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the the Chairperson-Rapporteurof the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce ofjudges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right tofreedom of opinion and expression sent an urgent appeal to the Government regarding Mr.Abdolfattah Soltani, a lawyer at the Bar Association of Tehran, a founding member of theDefen<strong>de</strong>rs of Human Rights Centre (DHRC) and a long-standing Iranian human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r.1110. Following our joint urgent appeal of 18 June 2009, we have now received newinformation concerning the <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Abdolfattah Soltani. Mr. Soltani was reportedlyarrested on 16 June 2009 in front of his home in Tehran by four security service agents inplainclothes, who handcuffed him and brought him with them. His whereabouts were notcommunicated to his relatives until 9 July 2009, when they were informed that Mr. Soltani wasbeing held in Section 209 of Evin prison in Tehran. Section 209 is reportedly a part of the prisonrun by the Ministry of Intelligence, where political prisoners are <strong>de</strong>tained.1111. No charges have been brought against Mr. Soltani so far. He has not been presentedbefore a judge.1112. It was further alleged that Mr. Soltani, who has already been <strong>de</strong>tained and repressed onseveral occasions in the past, is being kept in <strong>de</strong>tention merely in or<strong>de</strong>r to prevent him fromcarrying out his human rights activities, which he is fully entitled to <strong>de</strong>velop according to theDeclaration on Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs, adopted on 9 December 1998 by the United Nations<strong>General</strong> <strong>Assembly</strong>.1113. Fears had been expressed for Mr. Soltani's physical and psychological integrity.Urgent appeal1114. On 21 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on thesituation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhumanor <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, and the Special Rapporteur on violence against women,its causes and consequences, sent an urgent appeal to the Government regarding Ms. Shadi Sadr,a lawyer and human rights activist.1115. Ms. Sadr was the subject of an urgent appeal sent by the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression on 10 February 2004,an urgent appeal sent by the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on ArbitraryDetention, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom ofopinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes andconsequences and the Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 180rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 7 March 2007, and an urgent appeal sent by the Special Rapporteur onviolence against women, its causes and consequences on 14 March 2007. No reply was receivedfrom the Government to these communications1116. According to the information received, in the morning of 17 July 2009, Ms. Shadi Sadrwas arrested in Tehran by uni<strong>de</strong>ntified plain clothed men on her way to Friday prayers. Ms. Sadrwas accompanied by other activists for women’s rights when the men pulled her into a car in abusy area of Tehran. She managed to briefly abscond, however, was swiftly reapprehen<strong>de</strong>d andbeaten with batons by the men before taken away in the car to an unknown location.1117. It was alleged that Ms. Sadr’s arrest forms part of a pattern of arrests of high profileIranian civil society representatives in the wake of the presi<strong>de</strong>ntial election.Urgent appeal1118. On 11 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Vice-ChairpersonRapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the SpecialRapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment., sent anurgent appeal to the Government regarding the alleged torture, ill-treatment, forcedconfessions and the <strong>de</strong>ath of a <strong>de</strong>tainee arrested following the presi<strong>de</strong>ntial election of 12June.1119. According to the information received, human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, members of theopposition, lawyers, journalists and others who have been arrested following the presi<strong>de</strong>ntialelection continue to be subjected to beatings, harsh interrogations and torture. Detainees areforced to stand for 48 hours and are beaten with batons. Mr. Majid Sh. was arrested soon afterthe elections by the Intelligence Ministry, blindfol<strong>de</strong>d and taken to a secret location. He wasseverely beaten, stripped of his clothes and forced to hang from the ceiling with his hands tied,while he was burnt across his body with a hot iron rod. He was released 24 hours later.1120. Interrogations take place un<strong>de</strong>r the direct sun, with temperatures exceeding 40 <strong>de</strong>grees,followed by the <strong>de</strong>tainees being drenched with ice water. After the beatings and interrogations,the <strong>de</strong>tainees are forced to sign blank statements, where they have confessed to various crimessuch as acting against <strong>national</strong> security, rioting, having ties with counter-revolutionary groupsand treason. According to media reports, the Iranian authorities have indicated that most of theprominent <strong>de</strong>tainees have already confessed to such crimes. The confessions obtained throughthese means are reportedly being used in the on-going trials against more than 100 accused of thecrimes mentioned above.1121. Mr. Avir Javadifar, a stu<strong>de</strong>nt at the Free University at Qazvin was arrested by theSecurity Services on 9 July and was severely beaten. He was taken to the hospital and then takento an unknown place. His family was later asked to i<strong>de</strong>ntify his body at the Kahrizan prison.They were told that Mr. Javadifar’s <strong>de</strong>ath had been caused by an acci<strong>de</strong>nt.1122. Other <strong>de</strong>tainees remain in incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention, without any charges having beenlaid against them and unable to see their lawyers or families or to obtain medical assistance.Many of those who are released have their bodies covered with bruises.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1811123. There have also been reports that the families of those who have been killed in theaftermath of the elections are given false information regarding their <strong>de</strong>ath. In this context in isreported that:- Mr. Avir Javadifar’s family was told that his <strong>de</strong>ath had been caused by an acci<strong>de</strong>nt,although he allegedly died while in custody.- Mr. Davoud Sadri died as a result of gunshot wounds he received from the Basij forcesduring a public protest. He was taken to Rasoule Akram Hospital, where he died hourslater. His family looked for him during five days, receiving contradictory informationfrom the authorities regarding how he had died and where his body was kept. Theauthorities finally announced his <strong>de</strong>ath to the family, but refused to give them the body.1124. In light of the above-mentioned facts, concern was expressed for the physical andpsychological integrity of those in <strong>de</strong>tention.Urgent appeal1125. On 18 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Vice-ChairpersonRapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the In<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt Expert on MinorityIssues, and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment orpunishment. Sent an urgent appeal to the Government regarding members of the Baloch minoritycommunity including: Mr. Behrooz Bahorzahi, son of Pir Bakhsh, teacher at “12 UrdibaheshtSchool”, Mr. Ali Reza Chakari, son of Shahdad, <strong>de</strong>puty-principal at Bagher Khan School, Mr.Hamid Reza Chakari, son of Shahdad, and Mr. Abdul Rahman Rawanbakhsh, an IT engineer,all usually residing in Sarawan, and Mr. Mohmmad Saleh Eslamzahi, son of Atah Mohammad,his 17 year old son Mehdi Islamzahi, and Mr. Alim Jangizahi, teacher at Bagher Khan School,all usually residing in Zahidan.1126. According to the information received, Mr. Behrooz Bahorzahi, Mr. Ali Reza Chakari,Mr. Hamid Reza Chakari, Mr. Abdul Rahman Rawanbakhsh, Mr. Mohmmad Saleh Eslamzahi,Mr. Mehdi Islamzahi, and Mr. Alim Jangizahi were arrested by Iranian security forces between11 and 13 August 2009, together with at least 16 other teachers belonging to the Baloch minoritycommunity, in the cities of Sarawan and Zahidan in Iran. They were subsequently transferred tounknown locations and their families have been <strong>de</strong>nied any information about their fate.Furthermore, their families have been harassed themselves, threatened with <strong>de</strong>tention andinstructed to remain silent about the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of their relatives.1127. In view of their reported incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention at unknown places of <strong>de</strong>tention andreports about threats against their families, grave concerns were expressed with respect to thephysical and psychological integrity of the above mentioned persons.Urgent appeal1128. On 11 November 2009, the Special Raporteur, together with the the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention; the Chairperson-Rapporteur of theWorking Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances; the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression; and the Special


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 182Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment sent anurgent appeal to the Government regarding Mr. Hassin Assadi Zibadabi, Mr. Behnam Nikzad,and Ms. Nafiseh Zare Kohan.1129. According to the information received, on 3 November 2009, Mr. Hassin AssadiZidabadi, who heads a stu<strong>de</strong>nt human rights committee, was arrested by security forces. Thefollowing day, Mr. Niels Kroghsgaard, a Danish journalism stu<strong>de</strong>nt, as well as Mr. FarhadPouladi, Mr. Behnam Nikzad, and Ms. Nafiseh Zare Kohan, all journalists, were also arrested bysecurity forces. All the arrests took place while they were covering the <strong>de</strong>monstrations on theoccasion of the 30th anniversary of the events concerning the siege of the embassy of the UnitedStates of America in Tehran. It is believed that Mr. Kroghsgaard and Mr. Pouladi were released,but the families of Mr. Assadi Zibadabi, Mr. Nikzad and Mr. Zare Kohan have not been able toobtain any information on their whereabouts since their arrests.1130. Concern was expressed about the physical and psychological integrity of Mr. HassinAssadi Zibadabi, Mr. Behnam Nikzad, and Ms. Nafiseh Zare Kohan, in light of the reported factthat their fate and whereabouts remain unknown.Letter of allegations1131. On 12 November 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent a letter ofallegations to the Government concerning Mr. Emad Baghi, journalist and foun<strong>de</strong>r of the Centrefor Defence of Prisoners’ Rights.1132. Mr. Baghi has been the subject of numerous communications sent to your Government,including the letters dated 21 January 2008, 24 October 2007, 21 August 2007, 5 October 2004,and 11 March 2004. We acknowledge the receipt of responses from the Government dated 14February 2008 and 24 May 2005.1133. According to new information received, on 2 November, Mr. Baghi was scheduled toreceive the Martin Ennals Award for Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs in Geneva, Switzerland. However,he was allegedly prevented from receiving his passport in the Islamic Republic of Iran and wasthus not able to travel to Switzerland to receive his award. He was also reportedly preventedfrom travelling to London to receive the Inter<strong>national</strong> Journalist of the Year award in April 2008,and has not been permitted to leave the country since October 2004.1134. Concern was expressed that Mr. Baghi has been prevented from travelling abroad as aresult of exercising his right to freedom of opinion and expression as a journalist and humanrights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r.Urgent appeal1135. On 4 December 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the SpecialRapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, sent an urgent appeal to the Governmentregarding Mr. Kian Tajbakhsh, a social scientist and senior research fellow at the New School


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 183in New York who previously worked as a consultant for the Open Society Institute and theWorld Bank. Mr. Tajbakhsh is a dual Iranian-American citizen.1136. The Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the SpecialRapporteur on the question of torture and the then Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs sent a joint urgent appeal concerning Mr.Tajbakhsh on 9 July 2007. A response from your Excellency’s Government was received on 12August 2009.1137. According to new information received, on 9 July 2009 at around 9:00 p.m., Mr. KianTajbakhsh was arrested by two individuals who i<strong>de</strong>ntified themselves as security officials. Afteran extensive search of his apartment and questioning, he was taken into <strong>de</strong>tention at an unknownlocation. He was subsequently charged with acting against <strong>national</strong> security due to hisparticipation in Gulf2000, an internet forum and mailing list hosted by Colombia University, anddue to his previous consultancy work with the Open Society Institute.1138. On 1 August 2009, Mr. Kian Tajbakhsh was among the approximately 100 <strong>de</strong>fendantspresented before the court on charges of acting against <strong>national</strong> security.1139. On 20 October 2009, Mr. Tajbakhsh was sentenced by the Revolutionary Court to 15years in prison.1140. On 29 October 2009, his court-appointed lawyer was <strong>de</strong>nied the possibility to file anappeal on his behalf.1141. On 23 November 2009, new charges against Mr. Tajbakhsh had been introduced by theRevolutionary Court. The judge of the Revolutionary Court allegedly charged him withespionage for the Open Society Institute.1142. Mr. Kian Tajbakhsh has been repeatedly <strong>de</strong>nied access to a lawyer during his pre-trial<strong>de</strong>tention period. A request for a trial lawyer of his choice had also been <strong>de</strong>nied. The courtassigned him a lawyer at the trial, but there was insufficient time to prepare for the <strong>de</strong>fence; itappears that the lawyer assigned to Mr. Tajbakhsh did not represent him properly at the trial.1143. Concern was expressed that the arrest, <strong>de</strong>tention and subsequent sentencing of Mr. KianTajbakhsh may be related to his peaceful activities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights. Further concernwas expressed that Mr. Kian Tajbakhsh did not have access to an in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt lawyer during histrial and that he was <strong>de</strong>nied the possibility of lodging an appeal against his sentence. Furtherserious concern was expressed since the new charges presented on 23 November 2009 againstMr. Kian Tajbakhsh may carry the <strong>de</strong>ath penalty.Responses to communications transmitted earlier1144. In a letter dated 15 July 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on19 December 2007, concerning Ms. Maryam Hosseinkhah, Ms. Jelveh Javaheri, Ms. HanaAbdi, Ms. Ronak Safaza<strong>de</strong>h and Ms. Delaram Ali, members of the One Million SignaturesCampaign. The Government reported the following: “Ms. Delaram Ali was found guilty ofdisturbing public or<strong>de</strong>r and was sentenced to four months imprisonment and payment of 50,000Tomans fine, by Branch 21 of Tehran Appelate Court. She was aquitted of the charge of working


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 184against the security of the state. The case was referred to the Head of Justice Department ofTehran and she is currently free on bail and the case has gone to the Court RulingsImplementation Section. The <strong>de</strong>lay in sending the case to the Court Rulings ImplementationSection was meant for the purpose of allowing time for a pardon. Ms. Maryam Hosseinkhah, inthe judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, review of the cases of the individuals chargedwith different offences are done on the basis of applicable laws regardless of the <strong>de</strong>fendant’ssocial titles and status. Accordingly, on the basis of the existing information, Ms. MaryamHosseinkhah, married and residing in Tehran, was arrested on 19 December 2007 on the chargeof propagating lies and misionformation and acting against the seciurity of the state. Since shewas not able to <strong>de</strong>posit the required bail at the time of her arrest, she was released on bail on 2January 2008. She had access to a lawyer in accordance with article 128 of the CriminalProcedures Co<strong>de</strong>. Ms. Shirin Ebadi was introduced as her <strong>de</strong>fense lawyer and assumed theresponsibility to represent her before the court. Her case is presently being investigated by theInvestigation Branch. Ms. Jelveh Javaheri was summoned to the Investigation Office on chargesof collaboration and assembly with the aim of disturbing public or<strong>de</strong>r., propagatingmisinformation against the Islamic Republic of Iran and ignoring the summon of the police. Shewas released on bail on the same day. An indictment was prepared and the case was sent to theCriminal Court. Ms. Mina Jafari is introduced as her <strong>de</strong>fense lawyer and the trial date is set for21 Novermber 2009”.1145. In a letter dated 15 July 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on23 January 2008 concerning Mr Sa’id Metinpour. The Government reported that “according tothe existing information, Mr. Mr Sa’id Metinpour was arrested on the basis of Or<strong>de</strong>r No. M717dated 15 May 2007, by the Prosecutor’s Office of Zanjan on the charge of at against <strong>national</strong>security through spying for foreign countries and forgery of official documents. During his<strong>de</strong>tention, he has received several visits and telephone calls from his family; and he has been ingood health. Any allegation on the link between his illegal activities and <strong>de</strong>fence of human rightsor normal social and wthnic activities is totally baseless and a fabrication of lies. As mentionedabove, the reason for his arrest was merely in relation with his acts of espionage and ties withforeing states and he was tried on the same charges.1146. Following completion of due process and legal formalities, his case was raised in Branch15 of Tehran Ciminal Court and on the basis of Articles 500 and 501 of th Penal Co<strong>de</strong>, he wassentenced to 7 sears imprisonment for spying and one year for the offence of propagatingmisinformation against the government and disturbing of public oopinion. Upon his request forappeal, his dossier was referred to Branch 36 of the Court of Appeal and the ruling wasreinstated. He is presently free on bail and the ruling will soon be implemented. Prt of hisespionage activities are as follows: provision of classified information to intelligence agents ofthe United States; i<strong>de</strong>ntification and introduction of individuals to foreign intelligent services toparticipate in training courses abroad; receiving of payments for his services; organizingextremist individuals with extremist ethnic ten<strong>de</strong>ncies with the aim of inciting into ethnicdisturbances and ultimate disturbing the security of the country; dissemination of falseinformation to propagate extremist ethnic hate campaign against the Revolutionary Guard Corps(Sepah) and Government officials, Documents belonging to the Minsitry of Interior and theOffice of the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt and other government agencies as welll as those showing his continuousconnection with the intelligence fficers of a neighbouring country were found at his home.Allegations such as ‘no access to lawyer’, ‘solitary confinement’, as well as other absurd


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 185statements are baseless and are merely raised with the hope of politicizing the dossier of Mr.Matinpour”.1147. In a letter dated 6 May 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the letter of allegations senton 5 February 2008, by providing the following information: “Mr. Behrouz Sefari and his wifeMrs. Leila Heydari travelled to Turkey as tourists and participated in training sessions, whichaccording to authentic information, were organized by Americans. According to the confirmedinformation the agenda of the training courses inclu<strong>de</strong>d overthrow of the system governmentthrough abuse of civil and social rights existing in the country. The participants in the trainingcourses are taught the special methods for recognition and absorption of new members,organizational techniques extremist propagation on the existing weaknesses in the country, aswell as disturbing of public opinion through resorting to propagation of lies and falseinformation. It is noteworthy that the U.S. government, un<strong>de</strong>r the pretext of establishment of<strong>de</strong>mocracy in Iran has openly allocated millions of dollars in its annual budget for overthrowingthe Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Mr. Behrouz Sefari and his wife Mrs. LeilaHeydari together with other seven individuals participated in the above-mentioned course andtook the oath to implement what they had learned in the course. Following their return to thecountry, Mr. Safari was arrested on 19 June 2007 and Mrs. Heydari was arrested on 27 August2007. Following the relevant investigations, they were bailed out on 2 March 2008 and their case,together with the bill of indictment, was sent to branch 15 of Tehran penal Court. The court meton June 2008, in the presence of their <strong>de</strong>fence lawyers, Dadkhah and Raeisian Firouzabad, andconvicted them to one year’s suspen<strong>de</strong>d imprisonment, through verdict NO 87/104. Uponcomplaint of the <strong>de</strong>fence, the case was raised in branch 36 of the Court of Appeal and reinstatedthrough verdict No. 1257 of 28 October 2008.1148. As stated above, the two individuals were arrested merely in relation with their illegalactivities and they were treated in accordance with the rule of law and enjoyed all their legalrights before the court of justice. Any allegation on maltreatment or lack of proper attention tohis physical or psychological integrity as well as any other allegation such as “torture to obtainconfession” or” arrested in relation with their peaceful activities in cre<strong>de</strong>nce of human rights”and likewise are baseless and mere fabrication of lies aiming at mal-inten<strong>de</strong>d objectives.1149. The laws of the Islamic Republic of Iran are based on prohibition of any form ofmistreatment of individuals. This overriding principle has been accor<strong>de</strong>d special attention in theConstitution In or<strong>de</strong>r to ensure effective respect for this principle, not only has the Constitutionprovi<strong>de</strong>d for the punishment of those who ignore the prohibitions and commit acts ofmistreatment and torture, but provisions have also been ma<strong>de</strong> for the legal protection of thevictims of mistreatment. Furthermore, confession extracted through torture is invalid. Article 38of the Constitution states that: “All forms of torture for the purpose of extracting confession oracquiring information are forbid<strong>de</strong>n. Compulsion of individuals to testify, confess, or to take anoath is not permissible; and any testimony, confession, or oath obtained un<strong>de</strong>r duress is <strong>de</strong>void ofvalue and cre<strong>de</strong>nce. Violation of this article is liable to punishment in accordance with the law.”1150. In a letter dated 10 July 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on13 February 2008 conceerning Mr. Amin Ghaza’i. The Government reported that “Mr. AminGhaza’I, a university stu<strong>de</strong>nt, was arrested on the basis of warrant of arrest issued by the judicialauthorities on 15 December 2007 on charges of cooperating with a left-wing extremist terroristorganization called ‘Hekmatism’ which pursues armed confrontation and instigation of violent


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 186protests in Tehran and Shiraz universities. Despite his extremist ten<strong>de</strong>ncies and in view of thepolicy of the Government on clemency and patience with stu<strong>de</strong>nts, and completion of requiredinvestigations, he was released on bail on 10 March 2008. According to the existing information,he left the country illegally to continue his cooperation with the above-mentioned terrorist group.Presently, he is believed to be in Turkey. Any allegation on his being a human rights activist andlikewise are absolutely baseless and an abuse of the sublime values concept of human rights<strong>de</strong>fence”.1151. In a letter dated 10 July 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on15 February 2008 concerning Mr Ya’qub Mehrnehad. The Government reported that “Mr.Yaqub Mehrnahad, known by the name f Amir Salaheddin, established and operated an outlawedorganization un<strong>de</strong>r the name of Al-Jihad, in 2006, in the province of Sistan-Baluchistan of Iran.The group as a local branch of the notorious Abdolmaalek Rigi terrorist group, was activelyinvolved in terrorist operations and kidnapping. It also incited younger people into violation andparticipation in their activities through <strong>de</strong>ceptive policies. The vi<strong>de</strong>o clip showing Mehrnahadbeing present during the killing of an Iranian abducted soldier by a sharp stone has been screenedon Al-arabiah Saudi and Al-Minar television networks.1152. He was put on trial by Zahedan Criminal Court on charges of abduction, armed terroristactivities, membership and effective cooperation with Abdolmaalek Rigi terrorist group, and byverdict No. 1707/86, dated 3 February 2008, he was sentenced to <strong>de</strong>ath. Following the requestfor appeal, the case was referred to the Supreme Court and the ruling of the lower court wasupheld according to verdict No. 385/32, dated 19 March 2008. Upon his legal counsel’s request,the case was referred to the Pardon Committee, but it was rejected due to the severity of thecrimes he had committed and its <strong>de</strong>ep social impact. The <strong>de</strong>ath sentence was executed on 5August 2008.1153. As mentioned above, the nature of the crimes committed by the <strong>de</strong>fendant, Mr.Mehrnahad, in this case, fell un<strong>de</strong>r ‘acts of terrorism’and ‘abduction’ and have had no relation,whatsoever, with social activities or as falsely reported to the Special Procedures as activists on<strong>de</strong>fence of rights of people”.1154. By a letter dated 4 March 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the letter of allegations,concerning Ms Raheleh Asgariza<strong>de</strong>h and Ms Nasim Khosravi, which had been sent on 22February 2008. The Givernment indicated that: “The existing laws and regulations in connectionwith women, in the Islamic Republic of Iran, which are guaranteed and safeguar<strong>de</strong>d byanticipated legal instruments are, inter alia, as follows:1155. Equality before the Law: In accordance with Article 3, Para 14 of the Constitution, theGovernment is bound to do its utmost towards, “Securing the multifarious rights of all citizens,both women and men, and providing legal protection for all, as well as ensuring the equality ofall before the law.’ Furthermore, it is clearly stated in Article 20 of the Constitution that: “AllCitizens of the country, both men and women, equally enjoy the protection of the law and enjoyall human, political, economic, social and cultural rights, in conformity with Islamic criteria.<strong>Base</strong>d on the conviction of the Islamic Republic, women should be held in high esteem and alltheir rights be observed”. Article 21 of the Constitution is <strong>de</strong>voted exclusively to guarantees forthe protection of act aspects of women’s rights. It stipulates that “The Government must ensurethe rights of women in all respects, in conformity with Islamic criteria, and accomplish the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 187following: (a) The creation of a favorable environment for the growth of women’s personalitiesand the restoration of their rights, both material and intellectual; (b) The Protection of mothers,particularly during pregnancy and childbearing, as well the protection of children withoutguardians; (c) The establishment of competent courts to protect and preserve the family; (d) Theprovision of special insurance for widows, aged women and women without support.”1156. Right to Work: In the Islamic Republic of Iran, as a matter of principle, women and menhave equal social, political and other rights. Women can hold various governmental and nongovernmentalposts, and they can participate in referenda, as well as, in <strong>national</strong> and localelections with equal voting rights to men. They can, while enjoying equal rights to men, beministers, members of parliament, attorneys-at-law, university professors, or hold other highoffices. According to Article 6 of the Labor Co<strong>de</strong>: “... All individuals, whether men or women,are entitled to the same protection of the law; and every person has the right to freely choose anoccupation, provi<strong>de</strong>d that such occupation is not inconsistent with the Islamic principles or thepublic interest and does not violate other peoples’ rights.” There are certain responsibilities andobligations envisaged for men from whom women are exempted, while continuing to enjoyrelevant rights and benefits. These rights and benefits inclu<strong>de</strong> inter alia: “Women shall not beemployed to perform dangerous, arduous or hard work or to carry, manually and withoutmechanical means, loads heavier than the authorized ...”; “Women workers shall be entitled to90 days of maternity leave, of which 45 days shall, if possible, be taken after <strong>de</strong>livery”. The saidmaternity leave entitlements shall be exten<strong>de</strong>d by 14 days for women giving birth to twins; “Ontermination of maternity leave, a woman worker shall return to her work, the duration of suchleave being consi<strong>de</strong>red a part of her effective service, subject to confirmation of the SocialSecurity Organization”; “During maternity leave, wages shall be paid in accordance with theprovision of the Social Security Organization Act”; “Where, on the advice of a physician a typeof work is <strong>de</strong>emed too dangerous or arduous for a pregnant worker, the employer shall, withoutreducing her remuneration, provi<strong>de</strong> her with more suitable and easier work until the end of herpregnancy; In workplaces, employing women workers, nursing mothers shall be grated a halfhourbreak every three hours to enable them to nurse their children until they reach two years ofage; such breaks shall be regar<strong>de</strong>d as part of the hours of work. Furthermore, the employer shallset up childcare centers according to the number of children, with due regard to their age.”1157. Equal Pay: in Article 38 of the labor Co<strong>de</strong>, adopted on 24 October 1989 also ratified bythe Sate Expediency Council on 20 November 1990, the need for the above equality and nondiscriminationis expressed explicitly as follows: ‘Equal wages shall be paid to men and womenperforming work of equal value in a work-place un<strong>de</strong>r the same conditions. Any discriminationon the basis of age, gen<strong>de</strong>r, race, ethnic origin and political and religious convictions shall beprohibited.” Violations of these provisions shall be punished in accordance with Article 174 ofthe labor Co<strong>de</strong>.1158. Political Social and Cultural Participation: Women in Iran are active in social andpolitical life of the country and have high profiles in the official governmental positions Themost notable are: a number of members of the Parliament, Vice-Presi<strong>de</strong>nt for Environment,Adviser to the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt on women’s affairs, Advisers to the Ministers of interior, Health, HigherEducation and Labor, Director <strong>General</strong> for Human Rights (in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs),Adviser to the head of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, a number of Directs <strong>General</strong> inGovernment Ministries, as well as many executives in the public and private sectors. Recentlythe Ministry of Higher Education of the Islamic Republic of Iran announced that there are no


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 188gen<strong>de</strong>r restrictions choosing various disciplines in the universities. In fact, women in Iran areamong the leading university stu<strong>de</strong>nts in engineering a medicine. The majority of teachers arewomen who are extreme active in education.1159. Rights and Special Privileges of Women in Magnate: According to the Islamic tradition,as well as regulations the Islamic Republic, women constitute a willing partner marriages andtheir consent is required both for the initiation as for the termination of this institution.Furthermore, a number of provisions in Iranian legal system are geared to guarantee economicwell-being and in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce married women, including: the wife can in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ntly do what shelikes with her or property; immediately after the marriage ceremony the wife becomes the ownerof the Dowry and can dispose of it in any way and manner that she may like; the alimony of thewife is born entirely by the husband - the alimony inclu<strong>de</strong>s dwellings clothing food, furniture inproportion to the situation of the wife, on a reasonable basis, a provision of a servant if the wifeis accustomed to have servants or she needs one because of illness or physical handicap. Thesame is true in the case of a divorced wife during the period of “Ed<strong>de</strong>h” or when she is pregnantby her husband until her child is born; Maintenance of children is the duty of the father; Article111 of the Civil Co<strong>de</strong> provi<strong>de</strong>s that: “The wife can refer to the court if her husband refuses toprovi<strong>de</strong> her maintenance. In such a case, the court will fix the amount and will compel thehusband to pay it.” If the enforcement of the provisions of the foregoing is impossible or thehusband is unable to provi<strong>de</strong> for the maintenance of the wife, the wife can refer to the judgeapplying for divorce and the judge will compel the husband to divorce her. According to Article105 of the Islamic Punishment Law, “Any financially capable person, who refuses to pay hiswife’s maintenance, while the latter fulfills her matrimonial duties, will be sentenced by thecourt”.1160. Right to Divorce and Community Property Rights: According to legislation enactedthrough Parliamentary procedure in Iran, the divorce does not take place simply on the basis of arequest by the husband; rather it should be based on a <strong>de</strong>cision by a competent court and througha legal procedure. The consent of the wife is required in divorce cases. Furthermore, the wife hasthe right to seek divorce through the same procedure. If the court finds that the husband is askingfor a divorce without legitimate cause, he is required to pay for all his wife’s work at home as<strong>de</strong>termined by the court. In addition, in such a case, the court could rule for equal division ofproperty, registered in husband’s name.”1161. The Government also provi<strong>de</strong>d <strong>de</strong>tailed information concerning new <strong>de</strong>velopments in therealm of Iranian women affairs.1162. The Government informed that “the Islamic Republic of Iran’s <strong>national</strong> human rightspolicy is based on the Constitution which is inspired by the Islamic principles and is in fullcompliance with its commitments arising from inter<strong>national</strong> instruments and duly respects theinter<strong>national</strong>ly accepted human rights values and Standards. The principles, prevailing thehuman rights policy, enshrined in the National Development Programs, clearly representvigorous attempt aimed at Human Rights, mainstreaming and stipulating full respect for thestatus and the inherent dignity of human beings from the Islamic perspectives as well as fullrespect for the citizens’ rights. These programs have been <strong>de</strong>signed in a manner to a<strong>de</strong>quatelyaddress all economic, social, cultural and civil and political rights of citizens including the rightsto <strong>de</strong>velopment and provi<strong>de</strong> to the full extent possible, the effective enjoyment of the said rightsand their promotion and protection. To this end, the Islamic Republic of Iran while reviewing,


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 189amending and updating the existing regulations has taken measures for legislations of new andadditional new regulations. Simultaneously, creation of <strong>national</strong> human rights institutions andbodies has effectively been pursued.1163. To accomplish the goals of National Development Programs, <strong>de</strong>velopment of differentapproaches for <strong>national</strong> capacity building, strengthening of <strong>national</strong> institutions, human rightseducation and further attention to the economic, social and cultural rights particularly rights to<strong>de</strong>velopment has been foreseen. To this end, strengthening of civil society, fostering anenvironment conducive for enhancement of <strong>national</strong> human rights mechanism such as standinghuman rights committee in judiciary, Article 90 commission within the Parliament, organizationof National Ombudsman, Bar Association. Department of Administrative Justice and IslamicHuman Rights Commission as well as drafting and implementation of Citizen’s Rights bill havebeen accomplished.”1164. The Government informed that “the Islamic Republic of Iran is also faced with certainshortcomings and difficulties, the roots of which are generally <strong>de</strong>velopmental questions andimposition of economic sanctions and application of unilateral policies by certain countriesduring the past quarter of century. In spite of the aforementioned obstacles, the Islamic Republicof Iran within the context of its National Development Programs is committed to take thenecessary measures to uphold the highest standards and promotion and protection of the humanrights and fundamental freedoms of all citizens, realization of which is not only <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt on the<strong>national</strong> en<strong>de</strong>avors, it is also interlinked with the inter<strong>national</strong> support and cooperationparticularly with regard to realization of the right to <strong>de</strong>velopment, as stipulated in the“Declaration on the Right to <strong>de</strong>velopment.1165. The importance of role and contribution of civil society in different fields particularlyissues pertaining to human rights policy through provision of their consultative views hasprecisely and completely been foreseen, and reiterated in National Development Programs.Furthermore the necessity of continuation of empowerment policy of NGOs has also beenun<strong>de</strong>rlined in the said program. The vigorous pursuance of enabling policy has led toestablishment or enhancing of scope of activities of some 2000 NGOs throughout the country aswell as facilitating the acquiring of inter<strong>national</strong> consultative status for 16 Iranian NGOs.Furthermore, convening of different seminars and workshops relating to different aspects ofNGOs’ activities in collaboration with foreign counterparts at local, <strong>national</strong> and regional levelsare yet another tangible result of above-mentioned policies.1166. In spite of all the above-mentioned plans and activities, which have already opened newhorizons, there are efforts ma<strong>de</strong> by some women to belittle the achievements. They have beengathering signatures from women for fiur~her/equa~ rights for women. Those individuals,instead of bringing Heir efforts, talents and energy together in the context of the already existingNGOs or a new legally-established NGO, have unfortunately resorted to malicious moves suchas claiming to be human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs who are opposed by the Iranian Government and so on.The Government and pertinent organizations have repeatedly announced that they wouldwelcome and support any individual or organization who/which genuinely <strong>de</strong>sires to worktoward empowerment of women in the Iranian society. We do not believe that bossing orbullying around would bring about any assistance or solution to problems. At the same time,neither the Government nor the people of Iran may tolerate and watch silently and indifferentlythose who might dream to hin<strong>de</strong>r or hurt advancement of the society, particularly advancement


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 190and empowerment of women, who have been genuinely and whole-heatedly sacrificingthemselves for their sublime Godly causes, un<strong>de</strong>r the disguise of empty slogans and abuse ofinter<strong>national</strong>ly recognized and respected human rights instruments.”1167. To conclu<strong>de</strong>, the Government informed that Ms. Raheleh Asgariza<strong>de</strong>h and Ms. NasimKhosravi Moghaddam were arrested and charged with disturbing public or<strong>de</strong>r. The investigatingcourt dropped the charge against them on 19 August 2008, stating that they had not premeditateda disturbance and that their activity was originally peaceful. The two individuals were treated onthe basis of the rule of law and they enjoyed all their rights”.1168. By a letter dated 4 March 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the letter of allegations,sent on 10 March 2008, concerning Mr. Reza Daghestani, by indicating that: “Mr. RezaDaghestani, born in 1981, was arrested on 2 February 2008, un<strong>de</strong>r the charge of extremistincitement to ethnic feelings and sentiments, organizing of illegal gatherings as well as ethnicpropagation against other Iranian ethnic groups. Following investigations, he was released onbail. On 14 May 2008, the penal court of Oroumiye city sentenced him, in the presence hislawyer, Mr. Karim Najafi, to eight month’s imprisonment, including his earlier days of intention.Taking into consi<strong>de</strong>ration Mr. Daghestani’s young age and respecting the Islamic affection asweft his lack of criminal record and finally, on the basis of Article 25 of the Islamic Penal Co<strong>de</strong>,the remaining of his sentence was suspen<strong>de</strong>d.1169. As it was explained, Mr. Daghestani was treated in accordance with the rule of law,enjoying the highest level of affection as well as all his legal rights before the court of justice.The charges laid down against Mu Daghestani had no connection, whatsoever, with her, if any,social human rights activities, and the case was heard and settled in the shortest possible time.Therefore any allegations on maltreatment or lack of proper attention to his physical orpsychological integrity as well as any allegation on threat against his family are baseless, merefabrication of lies aiming at mal-inten<strong>de</strong>d objectives as well as an abuse of inter<strong>national</strong>lyrecognizedinstruments”.1170. By a letter dated 28 April 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on11 April 2008, concerning Ms Khadijeh Moghaddam The Government indicated that: “Uponthe several complaints filed by neighbours of Ms. Khadijeh Moghaddam, stating that she hadbeen constantly disturbing the tranquillity of her neighbours by causing noise and otherdisturbances, an officer from the local police office calls on Ms. Moghaddam to advise her not tocause problem for her neighbours; but as a result of her heedless reaction and obtrusivebehaviour, she was arrested by the police officer and taken to police station. According to theexisting report she was released on the same day, upon her expression of regret, and no judicialaction was taken against her.1171. There is much to be regretted that such an inci<strong>de</strong>nt is maliciously reported to the SpecialProcedure and then reflected to us as “arrest by agents of the police”, “transferred to securitypolice station” and etc. The charges laid down against Ms. Moghaddam had no connection,whatsoever, with her, if any, social/human rights activities, and the case was immediately settled.Any allegation on maltreatment or lack of proper attention to her integrity is baseless and merefabrication of lies aiming at abusing the existing instruments.”


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1911172. By a letter dated 28 April 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on15 April 2008, concerning Behrooz Karimiza<strong>de</strong>h, Peyman Piran, Ali Kantouri and MajidPourmajid, four stu<strong>de</strong>nts and members of the organisation "Stu<strong>de</strong>nts Seeking Freedom andEquality". The Government indicated that: “In the Islamic Republic of Iran, all walks of life havebeen enjoying their extensive social and political liberties, and exclusive extra concessions areprovi<strong>de</strong>d to university stu<strong>de</strong>nts through special regulations, observing the civil and social rightsof stu<strong>de</strong>nts on the basis of <strong>national</strong> and inter<strong>national</strong> norms, laws and regulations. We also wishto draw the kind attention of the Honourable Rapporteurs to the fact that all countries haveadopted special measures for management of stu<strong>de</strong>nt activities, and I.R. Iran is not an exceptionto the rule. The Iranian authorities consi<strong>de</strong>r stu<strong>de</strong>nt social and political moves as positively aspossible and particularly with due consi<strong>de</strong>ration of the million-numbered stu<strong>de</strong>nts in Iranianuniversities, they have helped them with and welcomed their free movement and enjoyment oftheir legitimate rights with consi<strong>de</strong>rable tolerance. Therefore, we hope that the issue ofgatherings and activities of Iranian stu<strong>de</strong>nts in Iran is not politically-misinterpreted or to beconsi<strong>de</strong>red as a grave concern of the pertinent authorities.1173. On the basis of investigations, the mentioned individuals in the communication are notstu<strong>de</strong>nts and they had resorted to illegal instruments, violation and extremism and started theiractivities through establishment of illegal organization with extremist Marxist inclinations,named Hekmatism, Azadi guard branch. Aiming at creating insecurity in the country, theorganization had set up a military branch, disguised un<strong>de</strong>r the umbrella of stu<strong>de</strong>nt activities.”1174. The Government also provi<strong>de</strong>d the following information: “Hekmatism, whichsometimes introduces itself as a party, was created with extremist Marxist and i<strong>de</strong>as andsubversive intentions, inter alia through armed struggle. The abused their civil rights and throughorganizing covert meetings and committees of actions (terminology used by its members), andwith the intention sabotage actions throughout the country inter alia disturbing public or<strong>de</strong>r andcausing of riots, inten<strong>de</strong>d to achieve their illegitimate objectives.1175. On 4 December 2007, the un-normal behavior of the four individuals mentioned in thecommunication (Behrouz Karimza<strong>de</strong>h, Peyman Piran, Ali Kantouri and Majid Pourabdollah (notpourmajid) who had participated in a gathering in commemoration of the Day of Stu<strong>de</strong>nt, ma<strong>de</strong>police officers suspicious. Consequently they were arrested and the investigations revealed thefollowing.1176. Mr. Peyman Piran, from the city of Mahabad, whose parents are living out of the country,had been expelled from the university of Tehran, and he had had a record of arrest for acts ofextremism with leftist Marxist inclinations in relation with Hekmatism (sometimes also self<strong>de</strong>claredas the communist workers party of Iran) with armed struggle policies.1177. Mr. Behrouz Karimiza<strong>de</strong>h from the city of Mahabad, who had been expelled from theUniversity of Tehran, and Mr. Ali Kantouri, from the city of Qazvin, with records of illegalactivities, extremist leftist inclinations, acts leading to public disor<strong>de</strong>r, <strong>de</strong>struction of publicproperty and one case of blackmail (record of kidnapping a child in the city of Sanandaj,Kurdistan province, and receiving of 200 thousand dollars from the child’s parents to releasetheir child) were both actively involved in the armed activities of Azadi guard of Hekmatism.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1921178. Majid Pourabdollah: He has had records of illegal activities, extremist leftist inclinations,acts leading to public disor<strong>de</strong>r, <strong>de</strong>struction of public property and actively participated inimplementation of armed activities policies of Hekmatism. The mentioned individuals werecharged with: 1. Founding an extremist group with the objective of disturbing security of thecountry, 2. Propagation against the state in favour of the hostile groups (extremist Marxists witharmed struggle policies). Their cases were referred to branch 15 of the penal court and later onthey were released on bail. Their cases are not finalized yet.1179. Charges laid down against the above-mentioned individuals have had no connection,whatsoever, with their peaceful social/human rights activities. All the individuals enjoyed theirrights as well as having access to the existing services and facilities, similar to any otherindividual un<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>tention. Mr. Abdolfattah Soltani and Ms. Mahnaz Parakan were the lawyersof the individuals. Any allegation on maltreatment or lack of proper attention to their physical orpsychological integrity is baseless and mere fabrication of lies aiming at mal-inten<strong>de</strong>d objectivesthrough abusing the existing inter<strong>national</strong> human rights instruments. It is noteworthy thataccording to the latest information, Mr. Karimza<strong>de</strong>h and Mr. Piran have illegally left the countryand are seen in northern Iraq.”1180. On 9 July 2009, the Government replied to the urgent appeal sent on 16 April 2008 bythe then Special Representative of the Secretary <strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, the Vice-Chairperson of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention and the SpecialRapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expressionregarding the situation of Ms. Rugeyye Leysanli, wife of the activist for the rights of IranianAzeri Turks, Mr. Abbas Leysanli.1181. The Government indicated that no person with the name of Lila Leisanli has beeni<strong>de</strong>ntified. However, a lady with the name of Roghieh Lesanli, who is the sister of Mr. AbbasLesany, has been i<strong>de</strong>ntified. According to the existing information, her house had been searchedonce upon a legal or<strong>de</strong>r, but it did not result in arrest of any individual. Therefore, the claim inthe communication has no basis.1182. On 14 April 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to an urgent appeal sent on 23 May 2008by the Special Rapporteur on human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, the Special Rapporteur on the promotionand protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur onViolence against Women and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or<strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment regarding the situation of Ms. Nasrin Khajeh Afzal, Ms.Nahid Jafari, Ms. Rezvan Moghaddam, Pardin Ardalan and Ms. ZeinabPeyghambarza<strong>de</strong>h1183. The Government indicated that on the basis of principles 26 and 27 of the Constitution,all people enjoy their legitimate right to hold gatherings. The organizers of the gathering did notmeet the legal requirements for a permit. The arrest of some of the women was due to theirillegal actions and incitement into disor<strong>de</strong>r. According to the report of the Tehran Police Station106, a number of women gathered in front of one of the judicial complexes of Tehran and inspite of police warning, did not disperse. Thus, Ms. Nasrin Khajeh Afzal, Ms. Nahid Jafari, Ms.Rezvan Moghaddam, Pardin Ardalan and Ms. Zeinab Peyghambarza<strong>de</strong>h were arrested. Exceptfor Ms. Peyghambarza<strong>de</strong>h, they were all released on 7 March 2007. They were sentenced to six


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 193months’ suspen<strong>de</strong>d imprisonment. Despite an appeal by their lawyers, their sentences werereinstated in September 2008.1184. Ms. Peyghambarza<strong>de</strong>h was arrested on 27 December 2006 on the charge of disturbingpublic or<strong>de</strong>r. Due to the lack of a criminal record, she was released on a suspen<strong>de</strong>d writ ofprosecution. Two months later, she was arrested for disturbing public or<strong>de</strong>r and for refusing apolice or<strong>de</strong>r. She was sentenced to two years’ suspen<strong>de</strong>d imprisonment. Her verdict wascommuted by the Appeals Court to one year suspen<strong>de</strong>d imprisonment.1185. The sentences for the above-mentioned individuals had nothing to do with their activitiesin <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights or any other peaceful activity. Their trial was in accordance with thelaw and only in relation with their illegal activities. They enjoyed their legal rights before thecourts.1186. On 8 July 2009, the Government replied to an allegation letter sent on 30 June 2008 bythe Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression regarding thearrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of workers of the Haft-Tepeh Sugar factory during a peaceful protest inthe city of Shush, southern Iran.1187. The Government indicated that following financial and economic problems of thesugarcane factory and non-payment of wages of personnel, numerous <strong>de</strong>monstrations werestaged by the workers from late 2006 until late summer 2008. These protests en<strong>de</strong>d peacefully.Subsequent to those protests, a group calling itself Workers Syndicate was formed without goingthrough the legal formalities and holding elections. The group brought the <strong>de</strong>monstrationsoutsi<strong>de</strong> the premises of the factory and into the nearby city. No permit was requested by theorganizers and the <strong>de</strong>monstrations were therefore consi<strong>de</strong>red as illegal. The <strong>de</strong>monstrationswhich were originally for the purpose of <strong>de</strong>manding outstanding wages were later exploited bysome workers an a number of other individuals with mal-intentions, with a record of supportingextremist groups of the region, to ignite violation and unrest in the premises of the company andin the city.1188. The Ministries of Labour and Social Affairs and the Ministry of Industries and Minestook measures in or<strong>de</strong>r to alleviate the financial difficulties of the workers of the factory. Inresponse to the communication concerning the use of tear gas and injuries of some individualsand according to the existing laws and regulations in the country, full attention had been paid toroot causes of the problem and the protests by the workers of the factory. Despite the disturbanceof public peace and or<strong>de</strong>r as well as the blockage of traffic on a main transit road, policedispersed the crowd peacefully and patiently avoi<strong>de</strong>d using force in <strong>de</strong>aling with <strong>de</strong>monstrators.No one was harmed during those <strong>de</strong>monstrations, no complaint has been filed against the policeand there was no report of any injuries.1189. A case is filed before Branch 1 of Sush Prosecutor’s office against the Ghorban AliAlipoor, Freidoon Nikoofar, Jalil Ahmadi, Ali Nejati, Mohammad Heydari and AbdolfazlAbedini. The five first individuals were acquitted of the charges in light of Islamic compassionand clemency and due to the reasons behind the <strong>de</strong>monstrations and protests. Actions against theState and disturbing public or<strong>de</strong>r were among the charges laid against those individuals. The caseagainst Abdolfazl Abedini relates to abetting in actions against the Islamic Republic and


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 194incitement into public violence. His case is currently being reviewed and indictment has beenissued. The case is presently at the Criminal court of the city of Dezful and no verdict has beenissued to this date.1190. Concerning two other <strong>de</strong>fendants, Ali Nejat Delhi and Abdolrahim Bes-hagh, they wereacquitted of the charges laid against them, due to ina<strong>de</strong>quacy of evi<strong>de</strong>nce. In view of thementioned information, utmost tolerance has been shown toward those individuals and all<strong>de</strong>fendants had the services of a legal counsel during all phases of legal proceedings.1191. On 8 July 2009, the Government replied to the urgent appeal sent on 31 July 2008 by theSpecial Rapporteur on human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, regarding the situation of Mr.Abdullah Momeni.1192. The Government indicated that according to the replies received form differentauthorities as well as the Police and the Judiciary of the Islamic Republic of Iran, there is notravel ban imposed on Mr. Momeni, the rotational presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Tahkim Vahdat. Therefore, anyallegation stating otherwise is categorically false and <strong>de</strong>nied.1193. On 12 March 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to an urgent appeal sent on 31 July 2008by the Special Rapporteur on human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, the Chairperson-Rapporteur of theWorking Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judgesand lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom ofopinion and expression and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or<strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment regarding the situation of Mr. Qulamriza Nejefi, Mr. HemidValai, Mr. Vedud Esedi, Mr. Sejjad Radmehr, Mr. Aydin Khajei, Mr. Feraz Zehtab, Mr.Dariyush Hatemi and Mr. Shahrukh Hatemi.1194. The Government indicated that the Iranian authorities consi<strong>de</strong>r stu<strong>de</strong>nt social andpolitical moves as positive and welcomed their free movement and enjoyment of their legitimaterights with consi<strong>de</strong>rable tolerance. All eight individuals were in contact with their familiesduring their <strong>de</strong>tention. Any allegation of incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention is false. The investigationsrevealed that the stu<strong>de</strong>nts had extremist ethnic inclinations and that their activities wereconstantly aimed at creating hatred toward other Iranian ethnic groups. They resorted to illegalinstruments, violence and extremism and did not hesitate to contact outlawed groups inneighboring countries. They started their activities through the establishment of a literatureassociation named “Sahand”, without any coordination with the University’s Vice-Chancellor forCultural Affaires, as required. They released propaganda and published articles in foreignwebsites. They further <strong>de</strong>veloped their activities through the formation of the illegal group“Azoukh” and put their group at the service of the separatist group “Gamouh”, which alerted theauthorities to initiate the necessary investigations.1195. Mr. Hamid Valai was arrested for acts of extremism, disturbing the public or<strong>de</strong>r, actingagainst <strong>national</strong> security and co-founding an illegal group with extremist goals. He was releasedon bail on 29 October 2008. He was <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>d by two lawyers and he is still waiting for a finalverdict.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1951196. Mr. Sajjad Radmehr, a stu<strong>de</strong>nt of mechanical engineering was arrested on 18 July 2008,and charged with co-founding an illegal group and participating in the propagation against theState. A hearing was held on 19 July 2008 and the case is still un<strong>de</strong>r judicial procedure.1197. Mr. Faraz Zehtab Favadi and Mr. Aydin Khajei are stu<strong>de</strong>nts at Tabriz University. Mr.Daryoush Hatami is a conscript soldier and a university graduate in agriculture. They werecharged with co-founding and co-directing an illegal group, with the intention of disturbing statesecurity, and with propagating against the State. Mr. Favadi’s hearing was held on 19 July 2008.1198. Mr. Shahrokh Hatami is a stu<strong>de</strong>nt of <strong>de</strong>ntistry in Turkey. He was previously convictedfor participating in gatherings inten<strong>de</strong>d to incite ethnic unrest. He has been charged withpropagation against the State.1199. Mr. Vadood Asadi is one of the lea<strong>de</strong>rs of the extremist pan-Turkish network and thedirector of the Sahar stu<strong>de</strong>nts’ publication. He was arrested on 22 July 2008 and charged withpropagation against the state. His file was referred to Branch 12 of the Rasht Investigation Office.Mr. Asadi was released from <strong>de</strong>tention on bail. He was arrested in relation with his illegalactivities, treated in accordance with the law and enjoyed all of his rights before the courts.1200. The charges laid against the above-mentioned individuals have no connection with theirpeaceful social and human rights activities. They had access to medical services, and anyallegation of maltreatment or lack of proper attention to their physical or psychological integrityis baseless.1201. On 18 February 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to an urgent appeal sent on 4 August2008 by the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention regarding the situation of Mr. SamanRasoulpour, a member of an organization called “Human Rights Organization in Kurdistan(HROK)”.1202. The Government indicated that Mr. Rasoulpour was arrested and charged with holdinggatherings, without requesting and receiving the required legal permit, in support of terroristgroups, propagation against the state, propagation of politically motivated false informationthrough interview with the satellite television network of Koumele terrorist group, publication offalse information on internet websites with the intention of inciting public opinion and disturbingof public or<strong>de</strong>r. Following preliminary investigations, he was released on bail. Later, his file andbill of indictment was sent to the Penal Court of the city of Mahabad but he did not appear beforethe court. Therefore, on the basis of the Law of Principles of Criminal procedure, the court,through judgment in <strong>de</strong>fault, convicted him to one year discretionary imprisonment. The courtdid not receive any request for appeal.1203. Mr. Rasoulpour is presently out of the country as a result of which the ruling has not beenput into force. He was arrested merely in relation with his illegal activities and enjoyed all hislegal rights before the court of justice. The charges laid down against him had no connection,whatsoever, with the alleged <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights or minority issues. Any allegation onmaltreatment or lack of proper medical attention to his physical or psychological integrity, whilein <strong>de</strong>tention, is baseless and mere fabrication of lies aiming at mal-inten<strong>de</strong>d objectives.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 196Observations1204. The Special Rapporteur thanks the Government of Iran of the response provi<strong>de</strong>d to theurgent appeals of 22 and 31 December 2009 but remains concerned about the campaign ofintimidation against Ms. Shirin Ebadi and her relatives.1205. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of the finalization of the report, theGovernment had not transmitted any replies to twelve of her communications. She consi<strong>de</strong>rsresponse to her communications as an important part of the cooperation of Governments with hermandate, and urges the Government to transmit responses to the outstanding communications.1206. More generally, the Special Rapporteur remained <strong>de</strong>eply concerned about the situation ofhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in the country and notably the campaign of intimidation againstsignatories of the One Million Signatures Campaign as well as the wave of arrests of humanrights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs following the post elections protests of June 2009 andthe December 27thprotests.Letter of allegationsIsrael1207. On 28 January 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression sent a letter ofallegations to the Government in relation to the ban on inter<strong>national</strong> journalists fromreporting in Gaza.1208. According to information received, since 6 November 2008, a media ban issued by theIsraeli Government prevented foreign journalists from entering the Gaza Strip. Inter<strong>national</strong>journalists, who were attempting to cross the bor<strong>de</strong>r from Israel into Gaza on a daily basis, wereturned away by military officials claiming that it was too dangerous and that the presence ofjournalists at the terminals would make them a target for militants. As a result, foreign journalistswere unable to report first hand from Gaza during the conflict between Israel and the OccupiedPalestine Territory (OPT) from 27 December 2008 to 18 January 2009.1209. On 31 December 2008, Israel's High Court issued a ruling to allow eight journalists toenter Gaza each time the Erez crossing was opened to allow humanitarian aid through to theGaza strip. The ruling was reportedly not implemented until a cease-fire was <strong>de</strong>clared on 18January and <strong>de</strong>spite the ruling access for journalists has reportedly improved only marginally.Inter<strong>national</strong> media reported on the conflict from the Gaza-Israel bor<strong>de</strong>r and relied on reportsfrom Palestinian journalists and vi<strong>de</strong>o from insi<strong>de</strong> the territory. Inter<strong>national</strong> reporters werepermitted to report from Israel during the conflict..1210. Concern was expressed that the aforementioned media ban which has preventedinter<strong>national</strong> journalists from entering Gaza may represent a direct attempt to preventin<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt reporting during the recent conflict between Israel and the OPT.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 197Response from the Government1211. In a letter dated 14 May 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on28 January 2009. The Government reported that until 6 November 2008, journalists wereallowed to enter into the Gaza Strip with no restrictions or limitations, according to the passages’working hours.1212. On 6 November 2008, the passages’ working hours and their entire operations weresignificantly reduced for reasons of launching dozens of Qassam rockets and mortar shells by theHamas terrorist organization toward Israel, and for intentions to commit acts of terrorism againstthe passages, acts which brought to an end the period of calm that existed in the area until then.These acts and intentions significantly increased the risks entailed in opening and operating thepassages, including the Erez crossing which is used for passage of people in urgent humanitarianor medical cases. For that reason, in that period the entry of journalists to the Gaza Strip was notallowed.1213. Following a petition to the Supreme Court, the State respon<strong>de</strong>d that because of thepassages’ reduced working hours at that time, the movement of people and goods through thepassages was limited. However, when the security circumstances allowed it, the State allowedthe passage of foreign journalists to Gaza Strip through the Erez crossing point, subject toadvance coordination.1214. The Government further reported on <strong>de</strong>tails regarding entrance of journalists into theGaza strip during that period:1215. On 4 December 2009, the passage of 17 journalists to the Gaza Strip was approved(among them journalists of Al-Jazeera, CNN, BBC, NTV, ZDS etc.).1216. On 9 December 2008, the passage of 11 journalists to the Gaza Strip was approved(among them correspon<strong>de</strong>nts of Time Magazine, AFP, AP etc.).1217. On 10 December 2008, the passage of 8 journalists to the Gaza Strip was approved(among them were journalists of France 24, AP, NDR network etc.).1218. On 11 December 2008, the passage of 8 journalists to the Gaza Strip was approved(Among them were journalists of Der Spiegel, NHK etc.).1219. On 15 December 2008, the passage of 3 journalists was approved (among them werejournalists of Reuters and the Telegraph).1220. On 16 December 2008, the passage of another 7 journalists was approved.1221. As of 18 December 2008, on which the Hamas terrorist organization announced that theperiod of calm with Israel was over, another escalation of the security situation occurred, whichcame into effect in intensifying of the Hamas shooting towards Israel’s territory. Accordingly, on24 December 2008, the Government of Israel <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d to proceed with an operation against theHamas terrorist organization, which started on 27 December 2008 – Operation “Cast Lead”.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 1981222. In light of the Court’s proposal for the consolidation of a procedure that will allow theentrance of journalists even while combat operations are taking place, the State presented suchprocedure on 1 January 2009. According to the procedure, in days when the Erez crossing pointis opened for urgent humanitarian cases and urgent medical cases, the entry into the Gaza Stripof up to 8 journalists will be permitted according to security circumstances. The State furtherargued that the implementation of the procedure was subject to security circumstances or to asubstantial change of circumstances. The Court’s verdict reaffirmed the procedure and thepetition was rejected.1223. On 4 January 2009, the land warfare phase of operation “Cast Lead” began, andaccordingly, the State <strong>de</strong>termined that due to the substantial change of the circumstances, it cannot allow the implementation of the abovementioned procedure. Accordingly, during operation“Cast Lead”, the entrance of journalists to the Gaza Strip was not ma<strong>de</strong> possible according to theprocedure.1224. In addition, immediately after the conclusion of operation “Cast Lead”, the Erez crossingresumed its regular operation, and as of 23 January 2009, the passage of journalists to the GazaStrip was allowed.1225. On 25 January 2009, the verdict of another appeal submitted on 20 January 2009, by theforeign correspon<strong>de</strong>nts association in Israel, was given. In its verdict, the Court <strong>de</strong>tailed theaforesaid course of events and also <strong>de</strong>alt with the issue of lack of implementation of theabovementioned procedure. The Court ruled that there was no violation of the aforementionedprocedure by the State.Urgent appeal1226. On 13 November 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention; the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, sent an urgent appeal to the Government regarding Mr.Mohammad Othman, human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r and volunteer with the Palestinian “Stop the WallCampaign” and partner of the NGO “Centre on Housing Rights and Evictions” (COHRE). Mr.Othman assisted COHRE with fact-finding missions to the occupied Palestinian territories andworked with COHRE on issues related to Israel and the occupied Palestinian territories.1227. According to information received, Mr. Mohammad Othman, returning from Norwaywhere he carried out advocacy work and met with Government officials, was arrested on 22September 2009, at the Allenby Bridge Crossing between Jordan and the West Bank. Mr.Othman was placed in <strong>de</strong>tention at the Huwwara <strong>de</strong>tention centre and then transferred on 24September 2009 to the Kishon (Jalameh) interrogation centre where he was placed in solitaryconfinement.1228. The Kishon Military Court exten<strong>de</strong>d his <strong>de</strong>tention on 29 September 2009 for ten days.The Salem Military Court further exten<strong>de</strong>d his <strong>de</strong>tention period on 8 October, 19 October and 27October 2009. On 1 November 2009, the Court rejected an appeal against the extension of his<strong>de</strong>tention. On the same day the military court prosecutor requested that Mr. Othman beprevented from meeting his lawyers until the next court hearing. The Salem Military Courtsustained the proposal at a hearing on 2 November 2009, in the absence of both Mr. Othman and


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 199his attorneys. An appeal from Mr. Othman’s lawyers challenging the application of the militaryprosecution preventing him from contacting his lawyers had been rejected by the Military Courtof Appeals on the basis that the appeal should be filed directly with the High Court of Israel.1229. Mr. Othman has reportedly been subjected to lengthy interrogation sessions, some ofthem lasting from 8:00 am until midnight. He has been allegedly threatened that theinterrogations could last for up to 180 days. He was reportedly also threatened with lifeimprisonment and told that “his human rights work would not be helpful as he is now in thehands of the State of Israel.”1230. On 8 November 2009, the court exten<strong>de</strong>d Mr. Othman’s <strong>de</strong>tention period for another tendays and also prolonged the ban on access to his lawyers until 15 November 2009, citing theinterests of the interrogation as a reason. Since the ban on contacts with his lawyers, Mr. Othmanhas been held incommunicado. He receives occasional visits by ICRC <strong>de</strong>legates.1231. According to information available, to date no charges have been brought against Mr.Othman, nor has he been brought to trial.1232. Concern was expressed that the continued <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Mohammad Othman withoutcharges may be related to his work in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, especially to his advocacy workand for speaking out against the construction of the separation wall.Responses received to communications sent earlier1233. By letter dated 7 May 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to a letter sent on 28 July 2008,that according to information from the relevant authorities, the High Court of Justice heard apetition brought by Mr. Shawan Jabarin against the comman<strong>de</strong>r of the Israeli Defense Force(IDF) in the West Bank, regarding a travel ban imposed on Mr. Jabarin. During the proceedings,and with the consent of Mr. Jabarin’s Lawyer, the Court examined ex-parte secret evi<strong>de</strong>ncebrought by IDF’s attorneys. For that purpose, the Court held two sessions, in whichcomprehensive and thorough examination of the evi<strong>de</strong>nce was carried out, and possibilities to<strong>de</strong>al with the security restrictions regarding the evi<strong>de</strong>nce in a more proportionate way were alsoexamined.1234. The Court stated that an ex-parte hearing makes it har<strong>de</strong>r on the petitioner’s attorney to<strong>de</strong>al with the allegations against his client brought by the respon<strong>de</strong>nt, and it also makes it moredifficult on the Court who wishes to conduct an open and effective discussion with therepresentatives of both si<strong>de</strong>s, and therefore it makes the Court the “representative” of thepetitioner during the ex-parte hearing.1235. The Court cited the High Court of Justice <strong>de</strong>cision of 22 June 2007, in which the Courtstated that alongsi<strong>de</strong> his work as general manager of a human rights organization, Mr. Jabarin isactive in a terrorist organization, which <strong>de</strong>nies the most basic rights of all – the right to life(H.C.J. 5182/07 Shawan Rateb Abdulla Jabarin v. the Comman<strong>de</strong>r of Israel Defense Forces inthe West Bank (22.6.2007)). The Court also mentioned that in a <strong>de</strong>cision dated 7 July 2008, theHigh Court of Justice was persua<strong>de</strong>d that Shawan Jabarin is a senior activist in the “PopularFront for Liberation of Palestine” terrorist organization (H.C.J. 5022/08 Shawan Rateb AbdullaJabarin v. the Comman<strong>de</strong>r of Israel Defense Forces in the West Bank (7.7.2008)).


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2001236. In regard to the present Petition, the Court sated that the evi<strong>de</strong>ntiary materials regardingthe involvement of Mr. Jabarin in the activity of terrorist organizations are substantial andreliable. The Court further stated that since the petitioner’s last appeal, additional negativeevi<strong>de</strong>nce were collected. According to the Court, that negative legal infrastructure confirms theposition of the security forces that the travel ban imposed on Mr. Jabarin was not imposed as ameasure of punishment, but was carried out for relevant security consi<strong>de</strong>rations.1237. For the reasons mentioned above, the Court found no reason to intervene in therespon<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong>cision not to allow the Petitioner to travel abroad ((H.C.J. 1520/09 Shawan RatebAbdulla Jabarin v. the Comman<strong>de</strong>r of Israel Defense Forces in the West Bank (10.3.2009))Observations1238. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government for the responses transmitted toher communications of 28 January 2009 and 28 July 2008, and regrets that at the time the presentreport was finalized, no response had been received to the communication sent on 13 November2009. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications as an important part of the cooperation ofGovernments with her mandate, and urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised byher. She urges the Government to transmit replies to her communications, including substantiveinformation regarding the case of Mr. Mohammad Othman.Urgent appealItaly1239. On 9 January 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding Mr Roberto Saviano, a writer, journalist and correspon<strong>de</strong>ntof the newspaper La Repubblica. Mr Saviano is the author of Gomorrah, a novel <strong>de</strong>nouncingmur<strong>de</strong>rs by the Camorra (the Napolitan mafia), corruption by the criminal organization and thealleged collusion of local authorities with it.1240. According to the information received, Mr Saviano has been un<strong>de</strong>r police protectionsince the publication of his book, but continues to receive <strong>de</strong>ath threats. On 1 October 2008, MrSaviano was informed by the Milan police headquarters that the Camorra had <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d to kill himand his police escorts before Christmas 2008. According to the uncovered plot Mr Saviano andhis plain clothes police guards were to be blown up while travelling by car on the Naples-Romehighway. On 13 October 2008, Mr Saviano received new <strong>de</strong>ath threats from unknownindividuals allegedly belonging to the Camorra.1241. A police investigation was opened into the <strong>de</strong>ath threats issued against Mr Saviano, butno information is available on its status.1242. Concern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity of Mr Saviano.Further concern is expressed with regards to reports that the police escort is not paid for theirovertime work and that public resources allocated to the police in region of Campania andCalabria are scarce compared to other regions of Italy.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 201Response from the Government1243. In a letter dated 3 March 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on9 January 2009. The Government noted that the Italian Constitution of 1948 envisages theprotection of rights and fundamental freedoms as inclu<strong>de</strong>d in relevant inter<strong>national</strong> standards,such as the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the UniversalDeclaration on Human Rights as well as the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.The protection and promotion of human rights – be it civil and political, economic, social andcultural, be it referred to freedom of expression or to the fight against racism or to the humanrights of children and of women – constitutes one of the fundamental pillars of both domesticand foreign Italian policies.1244. The Italian legal system aims at ensuring an effective framework of guarantees, to fullyand extensively protect the fundamental rights of the individual. In practical terms, beforeaffecting such rights, the Italian legal system provi<strong>de</strong>s individuals with a wi<strong>de</strong> range ofprotection means.1245. Mr. Saviano has been victim of several intimidation actions, allegedly committed by theCamorra organisations, due to his public <strong>de</strong>nunciation and con<strong>de</strong>mnation of the above criminalorganisations, active in Campania Region, particularly in Naples, Caserta and nearby.1246. In this context, the Italian Authorities have promptly adopted a<strong>de</strong>quate measures. Mr.Saviano enjoys the highest possible level of protection, by means of ad hoc protection measureswhich are provi<strong>de</strong>d by the Carabinieri Corps. The Carabinieri officers-in charge of escorting Mr.Saviano receive due compensation for the duty performed.1247. On a more specific note, after publishing the novel “Gomorra”, Mr. Saviano wasthreatened for drawing the public attention to the illegal activities carried out within the area ofthe Campania Region. Such threats, presumably from Camorra members, are currently un<strong>de</strong>rexamination by judicial Authorities.1248. On October 14, 2008, <strong>national</strong> and local news agencies reported allegations concerning aplan – subsequently not confirmed – according to which one of the Camorra organizations,called “Casalesi”, was attempting to kill Mr. Saviano. Taking into due account the confi<strong>de</strong>ntialnature of the investigations and of the various criminal proceedings initiated, and still pending,the Government is able to confirm that Mr. Saviano is the plaintiff and has cooperated with theJudicial Authorities in some proceedings. The author of the crime has not been i<strong>de</strong>ntified yet(proceedings registered un<strong>de</strong>r R.G. Mod.44); for other allegations the elements were notsufficient to initiate a criminal proceeding (R.G. Mod. 45).1249. At present, while recalling that the investigations are still ongoing, the Italian Authoritiescan mention two specific criminal proceedings. The first one – as above reported - is the resultof the allegation brought about, in October 2008, by a judicial police officer, concerning theCasalesi’s plot to assassinate Mr. Saviano and his escort, being presumably committed by a roadsi<strong>de</strong>bombing, within Christmas 2008. Following investigations, it has been ascertained by theJudicial Authorities that such allegation was groundless.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2021250. The second proceeding is the results of threats against Mr. Saviano, Ms. Capacchione, ajournalist, and some magistrates operating in the District of the Appeal Court in Naples. Inaccordance with Article 45 of the Criminal Proceeding Co<strong>de</strong>, concerning the legitima suspicioneinstitute, the <strong>General</strong> Attorney’s Office in Naples has communicated that a relevant section ofsuch investigations has been transmitted, for competence pursuant to Art. 11 of the CriminalProceeding Co<strong>de</strong>, to the Attorney’s Office in Rome.1251. As soon as additional information is ma<strong>de</strong> available by the Judicial Authorities, theGovernment will promptly provi<strong>de</strong> you with further elements on the case of Mr. Saviano.Observations1252. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government for the <strong>de</strong>tailed and satiffactoryresponse the Government provi<strong>de</strong>d in the case of Mr. Roberto Saviano and would appreciate anyupdates as appropriate about <strong>de</strong>velopments in the case.Urgent appealKazakhstan1253. On 16 September 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protectionof the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal regarding the trial of Mr.Yevgeniy Zhovtis, director of the Kazakhstan Inter<strong>national</strong> Bureau for Human Rights (KIBHR).1254. According to the information received. on 3 September 2009, Mr. Yevgeniy Zhovtis wassentenced to four years of imprisonment for vehicular manslaughter.1255. In the evening of 26 July 2009, around 10 pm, Mr. Zhovtis was driving his car on ahighway outsi<strong>de</strong> of Almaty when his car struck and killed a pe<strong>de</strong>strian. The victim wasreportedly walking down the middle of the dark highway in the same direction as the traffic.After the acci<strong>de</strong>nt, Mr. Zhovtis immediately stopped the car and called the police and ambulance.He voluntarily un<strong>de</strong>rwent a medical test in or<strong>de</strong>r to verify presence of any alcohol in his blood.According to this initial medical exam and technical expert analysis, Mr. Zhovtis was neitherspeeding nor intoxicated. Furthermore, the initial police examination of the scene of the acci<strong>de</strong>ntreportedly also found that Mr. Zhovtis had no chance to avoid the acci<strong>de</strong>nt.1256. On 27 July, investigative procedures were launched un<strong>de</strong>r Article 296 part 2 of theCriminal Co<strong>de</strong> (violation of the traffic co<strong>de</strong> resulting in manslaughter).1257. On 28 July, the investigative officer allegedly issued a <strong>de</strong>cision as to the fact that Mr.Zhovtis was established as a suspect in the investigation. However, Mr. Zhovtis had not beenduly informed of his status as a suspect/accused until 14 August 2009, when the writtenun<strong>de</strong>rtaking not to leave was applied as a restraint measure. From 28 July until 14 August, Mr.Zhovtis participated in a number of investigative procedures on the assumption to be a witness inthe case. Due to the failure of investigative authorities to inform him of his procedural status ofa suspect, he did not avail himself of any procedural safeguards guaranteed by the CriminalProcedure Co<strong>de</strong>. Furthermore, the technical expertise was allegedly carried out on the basis offactual information submitted exclusively by the investigative authorities, part of which appeared


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 203inaccurate. The findings of this technical expertise, which stated that the acci<strong>de</strong>nt could havebeen avoi<strong>de</strong>d, constituted the sole basis for the prosecutorial indictment.1258. Mr. Zhovtis met with the family of the victim to express his grief over the tragic acci<strong>de</strong>nt.Mr. Zhovtis reportedly agreed to provi<strong>de</strong> the family a material support of $15,000 to assist themfollowing their loss. However, this agreement was not meant to imply an admission of legalliability from Mr. Zhovtis’ si<strong>de</strong>. On 6 August, the mother and the sister of the victim signed astatement confirming that Mr. Zhovtis provi<strong>de</strong>d material support to the family and that thefamily requested the investigating bodies to drop the criminal charges against Zhovtis. However,<strong>de</strong>spite the fact that this document was han<strong>de</strong>d to the investigator, it was not inclu<strong>de</strong>d in thematerials of the criminal case, which the <strong>de</strong>fense realized only in the court.1259. The motion of the <strong>de</strong>fense of 18 August 2009 to repeat the technical examination was<strong>de</strong>nied by the investigating officer. This rejection was only communicated to the <strong>de</strong>fence on 24August 2009.1260. On 20 August, the case was sent to the prosecutor’s office and then to the Balkash districtcourt, without the <strong>de</strong>fence being notified of this, which appears to be in violation of Article 276of the Criminal Procedure Co<strong>de</strong>. On 25 August, the <strong>de</strong>fence sent a complaint regarding thisalleged procedural violation to the prosecutor’s office of the Almaty region, however no replywas received. On 27 August, the <strong>de</strong>fence brought forward a motion to the Balkhash districtcourt to schedule preliminary hearings in or<strong>de</strong>r to review this procedural violation. This motionwas dismissed without any reasoning.1261. On 27 August, Mr. Zhovtis’s motion for a postponement of the trial to 2 September 2009was granted by the court.1262. On 2 September 2009, the trial started and was conducted from 11 am to 7 pm. Duringthat day, three motions were filed by the <strong>de</strong>fence, all of which were rejected, reportedly withoutany reasoned <strong>de</strong>cision. The motions related to 1) the auto-technical examination, which the<strong>de</strong>fence holds was inadmissible due to a number of procedural violations, inaccurate data usedand non-impartial findings ma<strong>de</strong>; 2) the inadmissibility of all evi<strong>de</strong>nce collected by investigativeactivities conducted during between 28 July and 14 August 2009 according to Article 116Criminal Procedural Co<strong>de</strong> as Mr. Zhovtis was not notified of his status as suspect, 3) the requestto summon to court in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt forensic experts who had submitted their conclusions to the<strong>de</strong>fense at the pre-trial stage.1263. On 3 September, the <strong>de</strong>fense filed two more motions, both of which were rejected by thecourt, allegedly without any substantiated reasoning. The first one was related to a repetition ofthe auto-technical examination by a commission composed of in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>national</strong> and foreignexperts; the second requested for an additional day for the <strong>de</strong>fence to prepare the final arguments.The court granted both si<strong>de</strong>s only 40 minutes to prepare their final arguments. This did not giveMr. Zhovtis’ <strong>de</strong>fense team sufficient time to analyze the arguments and prepare an a<strong>de</strong>quateclosing statement in <strong>de</strong>fense of their client.1264. On the second day of the trial, on 3 September, Mr Zhovtis was convicted to four years ofimprisonment for vehicular manslaughter and three years of <strong>de</strong>privation of his right to drive avehicle. After the pronouncement of the verdict, Mr. Zhovtis was taken into custody and then


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 204transferred to a <strong>de</strong>tention facility in Taldy-Korgan which is several hundreds of kilometres fromAlmaty where the inci<strong>de</strong>nt happened and Mr. Zhovtis lives.1265. Mr. Zhovtis intends to appeal the court <strong>de</strong>cision in Taldy-Korgan regional court. Anappeal would have to be submitted within 15 days. However, the written copy of the verdict wasonly obtained by Mr. Zhovtis and his <strong>de</strong>fence team five days after its pronouncement in court. Itappears that the substance of the verdict received by Mr. Zhovits differed from the one read outin the court.1266. Information received indicates that, in cases where the parties have reached reconciliation,vehicular manslaughter is either punished with a conditional sentence or no criminal proceedingsare instituted in the first place. It is for this reason that the verdict given to Mr. Zhovtis appearsnot proportional and excessively harsh.1267. In view of the above, concern was expressed that Mr. Zhovtis might have not beenaffor<strong>de</strong>d a fair trial. Concern was further expressed that this might be related to his activitiescarried out in the <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights.Response from the Government1268. In a letter dated 18 November 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 16 September 2009. At the time of finalizing this report, a translation of the response wasnot yet available.Letter of allegationsKenya1269. On 19 December 2008, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal in relation to Ms Caroline Mutoko, presenter, Mr Larry Asego and Mr Mzee Jalang’o,co-presenters with Kiss FM radio station based, and Mr Mwalimu Mati, former director ofTransparency Inter<strong>national</strong> in Kenya along with a number of other civil society activists andjournalists.1270. According to information received, on 12 December 2008, Ms Caroline Mutoko, MrLarry Asego, Mr Mzee Jalang’o and Mr Mwalimu Mati along with approximately 60 otherjournalists and civil society activists were arrested by police officers at Nyayo National Stadium,in Nairobi. The arrests took place during <strong>national</strong> In<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce Day celebrations led byPresi<strong>de</strong>nt Kibaki. The group had gathered during the event to protest against the KenyaCommunications (Amendment) Bill 2008, passed by Parliament two days earlier. Ms Mutoko,Mr Asego, Mr Jalang’o and Mr Mati Nyayo were reportedly <strong>de</strong>tained at Langata police station inthe city, while the other activists and journalists were held in various police stations throughoutthe city. All were reportedly released later that day.1271. If ratified, the Kenya Communications (Amendment) Bill 2008 could punish thoseresponsible for alleged press offences with heavy fines and prison sentences. The Bill alsoenvisages the creation of a Government-appointed Communications Commission that would bein charge of granting broadcast licenses. Article 46 of the Bill affords the Communications


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 205Commission powers to issue or <strong>de</strong>ny licences. Un<strong>de</strong>r this section an applicant can be <strong>de</strong>nied alicense for failing to fulfil, among other requirements, "such other conditions as may beprescribed". Article 86 of the Bill affords the Information Minister the power to interruptbroadcasts, dismantle radio and TV stations and tap telephones, while the Internal SecurityMinister would be empowered to seize broadcasting equipment. The Bill would also afford theInformation Minister power to control programme content, as the commission he appoints wouldalso be responsible for ensuring the “good taste” of broadcasts.1272. Concern was expressed that the aforementioned events might represent a direct attempt toprevent legitimate peaceful protests against the newly enacted Communications (Amendment)Bill 2008. Further concern was expressed that, if ratified, the Bill might be used as a tool tostifle media freedom in the country.Urgent appeal1273. On 13 March 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairman-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, the Special Rapporteur onextrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal concerningthe killing of Mr. Oscar Kamau King’ara, the foun<strong>de</strong>r and Chief Executive Officer of theOscar Foundation Free Legal Aid Clinic, and Mr. John Paul Oulu, its Communications andAdvocacy Director. The Oscar Foundation is a human rights organisation providing free legalaid services to the poor. It has carried out research on police brutality in urban areas of Kenya,on corruption in the police force and in prisons, as well as on the alleged enforced disappearanceand killing by the police of hundreds of youths alleged to belong to the Mungiki sect. In 2007,the Oscar Foundation had published a report titled “License to kill - Extrajudicial execution andpolice brutality in Kenya”. On 18 February 2009, the Oscar Foundation presented its findings onongoing disappearances and extrajudicial killings in Kenya to a Member of Parliament for use ina parliamentary <strong>de</strong>bate. The Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitraryexecutions, Mr. Philip Alston, met Mr. Kamau Kingara during his visit to Kenya from 16 to 25February 2009.1274. On 5 March 2009, at approximately 6.00 pm, Oscar Kamau Kingara and John Paul Ouluwere driving in heavy traffic on Mamlaka Road near the University of Nairobi. They were ontheir way to a meeting with a senior staffer of the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights.Their vehicle was blocked by a minibus and a Mitsubishi Pajero vehicle, both of which had beenfollowing them. Two men got out of the vehicles, approached the vehicle of Oscar KamauKingara and John Paul Oulu and shot them both through the windows from close range. Theclosest eyewitness to the inci<strong>de</strong>nt was shot in the leg and later taken away by policemen.1275. On the same evening, following the killings, several hundred University of Nairobistu<strong>de</strong>nts held a <strong>de</strong>monstration protesting the killings. Stu<strong>de</strong>nts took the bullet-riddled car and thebody of Kingara onto campus, refusing to surren<strong>de</strong>r the body to police. A standoff ensuedbetween a large contingent of police who <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>d that the body be han<strong>de</strong>d over and the angry,but largely peaceful, <strong>de</strong>monstrators. After negotiations broke down, police officers stormed thecampus using tear gas and firing live ammunition, some into the air, others apparently at stu<strong>de</strong>nts,while stu<strong>de</strong>nts threw stones at the police. One stu<strong>de</strong>nt was killed by the police, and a numberwere injured.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2061276. On the day preceding the killing, Mr Alfred Mutua, the Government Spokesman, hadpublicly <strong>de</strong>nounced the Oscar Foundation as a fun<strong>de</strong>r of the illegal Mungiki sect, while aattributed to the Police Spokesman, Mr Eric Kiraithe, stated that a major security operation was“<strong>de</strong>finitely going to get” those responsible for recent <strong>de</strong>monstrations attributable to the Mungiki.In a briefing to the Special Rapporteur on 16 February 2009, the Chief of Police had stated thatMungiki was funding the Oscar Foundation.1277. Since this inci<strong>de</strong>nt, numerous human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in Kenya have received threats,and a number have been forced to go into hiding.1278. In addition, threats were sent to human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in Kenya’s Western Provincewho had been in contact with the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitraryexecutions in the course of his recent visit to Kenya, namely Mr. Job Bwonya Wahdalia, Mr.Eric Wambasi, and Mr. Eliu Siyoi Ten<strong>de</strong>t of the Western Kenya Human Rights Watch and Mr.Taiga Wanyanja of the Muratikho Torture Survivor’s Organisation. Both organizations havebeen monitoring and reporting on human rights abuses in the Mt Elgon region, and providingassistance to victims and families.1279. On 18 and 19 February 2009, in the course of his visit to Kenya upon invitation from theGovernment of Kenya, the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, arbitrary or summary executionsvisited Bungoma and Kapsokwonyi in Western Province to investigate reports of killings an<strong>de</strong>nforced disappearances by the armed group Sabaot Land Defence Force (SLDF), as well as bythe Kenya Police and armed forces in their operation against the SLDF. In the days preceding theSpecial Rapporteur’s arrival in the region, representatives of the authorities told individuals notto speak with the Special Rapporteur about police and military abuses, and only to mentionabuses by the SLDF. On 17 February, officials told resi<strong>de</strong>nts at one IDP camp that the food aidupon which they <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>d would be jeopardized if they were critical of the military in theirtestimony to the Special Rapporteur.1280. On 18 February 2009, staff of the Western Kenya Human Rights Watch noticed thepresence of intelligence officers outsi<strong>de</strong> their offices in Bungoma, where the Special Rapporteurwas interviewing victims and witnesses of violence in Mount Elgon. On the following day,intelligence officers were outsi<strong>de</strong> the hotel where further interviews were being conducted.1281. On 19 February 2009, officials visited the home of Eliu Siyoi Ten<strong>de</strong>t, who had organisedinterviews with witnesses for the Special Rapporteur, and asked him for the list of people whohad testified before the Special Rapporteur. The military subsequently came to his home, butEliu Siyoi Ten<strong>de</strong>t managed to escape. Job Wahdalia also received calls from officials asking forthe names of those who testified. Job Wahdalia, Eliu Siyoi Ten<strong>de</strong>t, Eric Wambasi, and TaigaWanyanja have now all been forced to flee the area to ensure their safety. Subsequently, thefamilies and colleagues of each of them have been harassed as to their whereabouts.1282. On 19 February 2009, and in the following days, the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial,arbitrary or summary executions brought these threats repeatedly to the attention of the Ministryof Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Provincial Administration and Internal Security. He askedfor explanations and assurances from the Government. On 25 February 2009, the SpecialRapporteur received a letter from the Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of ProvincialAdministration and Internal Security. It states that “nobody has threatened them” [Job Bwonya


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 207[Wahdalia], Eric Wambasi, Eliu Siyoi Ten<strong>de</strong>t and Taiga Wanyanja] and alleges that “there arereports from the mainstream NGOs that some witnesses illegally collected money from the Mt.Elgon SLDF victims so as to forward their cases for compensation and thereafter disappeared”.The Permanent Secretary conclu<strong>de</strong>s that he “[has] or<strong>de</strong>red that these allegations be thoroughlyinvestigated and in any case the mainstream NGOs be encouraged to talk to you and give morelight to the matter”.1283. On 1, 2 and 4 March 2009, Kenya Police officers entered the offices of Western KenyaHuman Rights Watch. They <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>d from the remaining staff a list of the victims andwitnesses who had spoken to the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitraryexecutions claiming that relatives had been killed or had disappeared at the time of the militaryoperation in Mount Elgon.Urgent appeal1284. On 19 October 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal regarding Mr. Ken Wafula, chief executive director of the Centre for Human Rights andDemocracy (CHRD) in Eldoret. CHRD works actively to address human rights issues in Kenya.Mr. Wafula recently received wi<strong>de</strong>spread public attention when he reported on the movement ofarms in the Rift Valley in Kenya and the re-arming of communities there.1285. According to information received, on 9 October 2009, Mr. Wafula was arrested by localpolice in Eldoret. He was subsequently interrogated before being released later that day andadvised not to leave the city. Since then he has been summoned to the District CriminalInvestigation Office (DCIO) on several occasions where he has been requested to give furtherstatements.1286. It has also been reported that Mr. Wafula is un<strong>de</strong>r constant surveillance and that a<strong>de</strong>famation campaign has been initiated against him by a member of parliament in North Eldoret.1287. It is believed that Mr. Wafula is being targeted due to the fact that following, and perhapsas a result of, his report on activities in the Rift Valley, Presi<strong>de</strong>nt Kibaki or<strong>de</strong>red a crackdown onSmall Arms and Light Weapons in the country, and many former ex-servicemen have reportedlybeen accused of being involved in the purchasing of guns in the region".1288. Concern was expressed for the physical security of Mr. Wafula. Further concern wasexpressed that the arrest, harassment and intimidation of Mr. Wafula might be related to hishuman rights activities, in particular his reporting on the recent movement of arms in the RiftValley.Observations1289. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of finalizing the present report, theGovernment had not transmitted a reply to the aforementioned communications sent as well as tothose sent on 19 September 2008, 15 August 2008, 22 May 2008, 26 February 2008, 31 January2008, 23 January 2008, 15 January 2008, 17 September 2007, 27 July 2005 and 6 July 2005. Sheconsi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications an important part of the cooperation of Governments


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 208with her mandate. She urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her, andprovi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken to prosecute the perpetrators aswell as protective measures taken to ensure the physical and mental integrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs andtheir families.1290. The Special Rapporteur is <strong>de</strong>eply disturbed about the killings of Mr. Oscar KamauKing’ara, and Mr. John Paul Oulu, and the threats against Mr. Job Bwonya Wahdalia, Mr. EricWambasi, and Mr. Eliu Siyoi Ten<strong>de</strong>t of the Western Kenya Human Rights Watch and Mr. TaigaWanyanja. She urges the authoritie to thoroughly investigate these violations, and bring theperpetrators to justice.1291. More generally, the Special Rapporteur remains concerned about the situation of humanrights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in Kenya, and urges the authorities to create a safe environment conducive tothe work of all <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs.Letter of allegationsKyrgyz Republic1292. On 16 February 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression sent a letter ofallegations to the Government regarding concerns about the restrictions to the effectiveness ofhuman rights organizations in Kyrgyzstan that may result from the adoption of the amendmentsto the “Law on Non-Commercial Organizations” (hereinafter: “the Draft Law”).1293. On 18 February 2009, three members of the Parliament introduced a draft law entitled“Amendments to several legislative acts of the Kyrgyz Republic”. The main purpose of the DraftLaw is to introduce amendments to the “Law of the Kyrgyz Republic on Non-CommercialOrganizations” (hereinafter: NCO Law).1294. According to the explanatory note to the initiative, the main objective of the proposedamendments is “to bring the legal basis regulating the activities of non-commercial organizations(hereinafter: NCOs) into conformity with current realities and increase the transparency in theinteraction between NCOs and the state” and that “it came as a result of the necessity to provi<strong>de</strong>security to the population and stability in the country.” While we consi<strong>de</strong>r the stated aim toenhance the transparency and accountability of civil society organization is legitimate, we are ofthe opinion that the Draft Law, if adopted in its current form will result in serious restrictions onthe activities of NGOs working on a host of human rights issues.1295. The Draft Law <strong>de</strong>fines “political activity” in an overly vague manner by consi<strong>de</strong>ringpolitical activity as the “activity of the political parties, created for implementation of politicalwill of certain part of the population and setting as its major task participation in theadministration of state affairs only in the forms provi<strong>de</strong>d for by the Constitution of the KyrgyzRepublic and the Law of the Kyrgyz Republic on “Political parties”, as well as throughintroduction of proposals to the state bodies on improvement of the system of the administrationof state and public affairs. “Activity in the process of a nationwi<strong>de</strong> referendum” is <strong>de</strong>fined as “anactivity related to the participation of referendums and elections to the extent and in the formsestablished by the legislation on elections and referendums in the Kyrgyz Republic”. (paragraph3 and 4 of Art 2). Article 3 of the Draft Law further states that “in the Kyrgyz Republic the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 209participation of non-commercial organizations in political activity and activity in the processesof nationwi<strong>de</strong> referendum is not permitted”. These provisions, if adopted, would essentiallyprevent NCOs from carrying out a wi<strong>de</strong> range of activities relating to public policy formation,including activities related to promoting legislative reforms; to oppose state policy on differentissues and to act as observers during elections or referendums. By contrast, the Tax Co<strong>de</strong> of theKyrgyz Republic does not prohibit all political activities of NCOs, rather only prohibits the“participation in the support of political parties and candidates of election campaigns”.1296. The Draft Law also gives significant new administrative and discretionary powers to theMinistry of Justice, which inclu<strong>de</strong>s new bur<strong>de</strong>nsome reporting requirements on NCOs; severesanctions for failure to supply information; and the possibility to attend NCO events, includinginternal meetings. Un<strong>de</strong>r the Draft Law the Ministry of Justice may, without prior approval bythe court, suspend the activity of an NCO or cancel its registration.1297. The Draft Law would increase the reporting requirements of NCOs significantly ifadopted. NCOs would be required to report on all funds received from foreign sources and howthese are allocated or used. Severe sanctions are foreseen for failure to supply information.Repeated failure on the part of an NCO to provi<strong>de</strong> the information required in a timely fashionmay be grounds for the registration authority to cancel the registration of the NCO and bring aclaim in court requesting a ruling that the NCO be liquidated. The Draft Law also provi<strong>de</strong>s theMinistry of Justice great discretionary powers to <strong>de</strong>termine whether the activities of the NCOsare legal, and to <strong>de</strong>termine whether certain activities or expenses of an NCO did not correspondto the statutory goals of the NCO. Registration of the branch or representative office of foreignNCOs can be rejected, among others, on the grounds that “the goals and tasks of the creation ofthe branch or representative office of foreign NCOs pose a threat to the sovereignty, politicalin<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce, territorial integrity, <strong>national</strong> unity and originality, cultural heritage and <strong>national</strong>interests of the Kyrgyz Republic. (Art 8 of the Draft Law). These categories are overly broad andvague or not at all <strong>de</strong>fined. The provision is also rather subjective and gives wi<strong>de</strong>-rangingdiscretionary powers to the registration authorities to refuse registration even in advance of theorganization conducting any activities, based on mere suspicion.1298. The Draft Law also requires foreign citizens and stateless persons to be physicallypresent in the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic in or<strong>de</strong>r to be foun<strong>de</strong>rs or members of NCOs (Art6-1). The provision however is very vague and it is unclear whether the requirement of physicalpresence in Kyrgyzstan only applies to the constituent meeting of the NCOs or to the wholelifespan of the organization. Such a provision is also problematic in that it openly discriminatesagainst NCOs, as no such requirement exists for commercial entities.1299. Several provisions of the Draft Law, especially those restricting the work of foreign andKyrgyz NGOs are not consistent with Art 22 of the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civil and PoliticalRights, to which Kyrgyzstan is party, and Kyrgyzstan’s Constitution. Furthermore, as a UNmember state, Kyrgyzstan is required to uphold the UN Declaration on Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs.The Declaration, which was adopted by the <strong>General</strong> <strong>Assembly</strong> by consensus on 9 December1998, does not contain new rights, but merely articulates existing ones so that it is easier to applyto the practical role and situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 210Letter of allegations1300. On 7 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression sent a letter ofallegations to the Government concerning Ms. Aziza Abdirasulova, Ms. Gulnara Djurabaeva,Ms. Tolekan Ismailova and Ms. Asiya Sasykbaeva, who are human rights lawyers representingfour persons <strong>de</strong>tained in connection with recent post-election <strong>de</strong>monstrations in Bishkek.1301. Information concerning Ms Tolekan Ismailova was the subject of a communication senton 10 January 2008 by the then Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situationof human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of theright to freedom of opinion and expression. No response has been received yet from theGovernment to that communication.1302. According to information received, on 29 July 2009, Ms. Aziza Abdirasulova, Ms.Gulnara Djurabaeva, Ms. Tolekan Ismailova and Ms. Asiya Sasykbaeva were contacted by fourof the persons <strong>de</strong>tained in connection with the <strong>de</strong>monstrations which took place in Bishkekregarding the results of the elections. They have represented the <strong>de</strong>tained persons in theadministrative hearings which took place at a Ministry of Defence facility located on theoutskirts of Bishkek.1303. On 31 July, Ms. Abdirasulova, Ms. Djurabaeva, Ms. Ismailova and Ms. Sasykbaevaprotested against the arrests and <strong>de</strong>tentions of <strong>de</strong>monstrators in front of the White House inBishkek, by chaining themselves to the fence of the building. Shortly after the start of the protest,they were arrested by police officers.1304. In a hearing held on the same day at the Pervomayski District Court of Bishkek, the fourhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs were charged with fines. Ms. Aziza Abdirasulova received a fine of2.000 soms un<strong>de</strong>r Art.371 of the Administrative Responsibility Co<strong>de</strong> for disobedience tolegitimate authorities; Ms. Gulnara Djurabaeva received a fine of 1.000 soms un<strong>de</strong>r Art 371; Ms.Tolekan Ismailova received a fine of 500 soms un<strong>de</strong>r the same article, while Ms. AsiyaSasykbaeva received a fine of 2.000 soms un<strong>de</strong>r Art.392 of the Administrative ResponsibilityCo<strong>de</strong> (violation of established procedure for organising and holding meetings, rallies, marchesand <strong>de</strong>monstrations).1305. Concern was expressed that the arrest and sentencing of the four human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rsmay be related to their legitimate activities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, especially their work toprovi<strong>de</strong> legal <strong>de</strong>fence to the persons arrested and <strong>de</strong>tained in connection with the post-election<strong>de</strong>monstrations.Response from the Government1306. In a letter dated 29 September 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 7 August 2009. At the time of finalizing the present report, a translation of the responsewas not yet available.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 211Responses received to communications sent earlier1307. By a letter dated 24 February 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 27 October 2008, regarding Mr. Ivar Dale, Mr. Ramazan Dyryldaev and Ms. GulizaOmurzakova.1308. The Government reported the following information concerning the Norwegian HelsinkiCommittee located in Bishkek The Ministry of Internal Affairs, the State Committee for NationalSecurity and the Procurator’s Office of the Kyrgyz Republic have ma<strong>de</strong> official enquiriesconcerning the complaints of the Norwegian <strong>national</strong> Ivar Dale, the Kyrgyz <strong>national</strong> RamazanDyryldaev and Guliza Omurzakova.1309. A “Nelegal” raid by officers of the Ninth <strong>General</strong> Directorate of the Ministry of InternalAffairs on 9 June 2008 inclu<strong>de</strong>d checks on the activities of the staff of the Norwegian HelsinkiCommittee, based at Apartment 116, 77 Toktogul Street, Bishkek. At the time of theinvestigation, the occupant of the office was Elena Mamadnazarova, a <strong>national</strong> of the RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration, who introduced herself as the programme coordinator for Central Asia. Sheexplained that the manager of the office was Ivar Dale, a Norwegian <strong>national</strong>, who was absent atthe time.1310. In the course of inquiries, it was established that Mr. Dale had opened the representativeoffice of the Norwegian Helsinki Committee at the above address. In reply to an enquiry fromthe Ministry of Internal Affairs during the course of the investigation, the Ministry of Justicestated that the Norwegian Helsinki Committee had not, since 1 January 1997, been listed on theConsolidated State Register of Legal Entities as having been either registered, reregistered ordisban<strong>de</strong>d, in breach of article 20 of the Law on State Registration of Legal Entities.1311. On 25 November 2007, the Consular Office of the Ministry of Internal Affairs issued Mr.Dale with visa No. 0229879, valid from 25 November 2007 to 25 November 2008. During thecourse of inquiries into Mr. Dale’s reasons for being in Kyrgyzstan, it was established that hehad also breached the External Migration Act. On 25 November 2007, in submitting hisapplication for entry into the Kyrgyz Republic, Mr. Dale had provi<strong>de</strong>d false information abouthimself, thus misleading the Consular Office that had processed his entry visa. In particular, Mr.Dale had stated that the reason for his presence in the Kyrgyz Republic was tourist business,which did not correspond with the real purpose of his stay in the country. Mr. Dale breachedthereby the rules on staying in the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic, as set out in article 390 ofthe Co<strong>de</strong> of Administrative Offences and articles 17, paragraph 1, and 29, paragraph 2, of theExternal Migration Act.1312. On the basis of the above, officials of No. 9 Unit of the Sverdlov District Department ofInternal Affairs in Bishkek assembled the administrative evi<strong>de</strong>nce and dispatched it to theSverdlov District Court for consi<strong>de</strong>ration. In view of the fact that Mr. Dale had <strong>de</strong>parted forNorway and had been absent from the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic for over a month, theevi<strong>de</strong>nce was consi<strong>de</strong>red on 5 September 2008 by the Sverdlov District Court, whichdiscontinued its consi<strong>de</strong>ration of the administrative evi<strong>de</strong>nce that Mr. Dale had committed anoffence un<strong>de</strong>r article 390, paragraph 1, of the Co<strong>de</strong> of Administrative Offences, since the timelimit for the imposition of administrative penalties had passed.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2121313. The <strong>General</strong> Directorate of the Bor<strong>de</strong>r Service reported the arrival at Manas Airport onflight No. 179 from Moscow to Bishkek of the Norwegian <strong>national</strong>, Mr. I. Dale, born 15 June1976, on whom there was a report outstanding that multiple-entry visa No. 0229879 had beenissued on 25 November 2007 in breach of the established regulations. His visa was thereforecancelled by the consular unit at Manas Airport and he was issued with single-entry visa No.0283656 on 22 August 2008, valid until 1 September 2008, on which he entered the KyrgyzRepublic.1314. On 12 October 2008, Mr. Dale again arrived at Manas Airport on flight No. 179 fromMoscow to Bishkek but was refused entry and left on 13 October 2008 on flight No. 1347 fromBishkek to Istanbul. The reason that Mr. Dale was refused entry was that he appeared on a list ofpersons prohibited entry into the territory of the Commonwealth of In<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt States (CIS)un<strong>de</strong>r article 3 of the Protocol on cooperation in <strong>de</strong>nying entry into the territory of CIS memberStates to persons having no grounds for entry and article 7, paragraph 2, of the ExternalMigration Act.1315. The <strong>de</strong>cision to <strong>de</strong>ny to the Norwegian <strong>national</strong> Ivar Dale entry to the Kyrgyz Republicwas taken by the competent authorities on the basis of his flagrant breach of the rules andrequirements of Kyrgyz legislation and lack of respect for the laws of the host country. It shouldbe noted that this practice is wi<strong>de</strong>spread throughout the world by States protecting their interestsand no explanation is required of them.1316. On 15 October 2008, the duty inspector of the Ministry of Internal Affairs Road SafetyUnit, Mr. T.T. Seitaliev, who was investigating the <strong>de</strong>tails of victims of a traffic acci<strong>de</strong>nt usingdata from Bishkek Municipal Clinical Hospital No. 4 found that Mr. Ramazan Dyryldaev hadatten<strong>de</strong>d as a patient as a result of a traffic acci<strong>de</strong>nt at the intersection of Akhunbaev Street andDushanbe Street in Bishkek. Mr. Dyryldaev had been given medical treatment but had refusedhospitalization. The address entered in the patients’ register was incorrect, being listed as 123Ibraimov Street, Bishkek, which does not exist. Steps were taken to establish Mr. Dyryldaev’smobile telephone number and he was contacted with a view to obtaining a written statement onthe acci<strong>de</strong>nt. Mr. Dyryldaev, however, <strong>de</strong>clined to meet officers of the Ministry of InternalAffairs Road Safety Unit, Bishkek, claiming that he was very busy at work and could not sparethe time. Owing to an error on the part of Mr. Seitaliev, the duty inspector concerned, theacci<strong>de</strong>nt was not duly registered. Following official enquiries, Mr. Seitaliev was released fromhis duties and the responsible officials who permitted the registration failure to occur weredisciplined. Measures are currently being taken to draw up an official acci<strong>de</strong>nt report andi<strong>de</strong>ntify the vehicle that colli<strong>de</strong>d with the vehicle driven by Mr. Dyryldaev.1317. The official inquiries conducted by the Ministry of Internal Affairs thus show that therewas no causal link between the situation concerning the stay in the Kyrgyz Republic of theNorwegian <strong>national</strong> Ivar Dale, the road acci<strong>de</strong>nt involving Mr. Dyryldaev and the socialactivities of the two men.1318. By a letter dated 24 February 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 5 November 2008, concerning Mr. Maxim Kuleshov. The Government reported thefollowing information on the arrest on 23 October 2008 of Mr. Kuleshov, Director of the HumanRights Resource Centre.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2131319. Concerning the <strong>de</strong>tention on 23 October 2008 of Mr. M.G. Kuleshov, Director of theTokmok Human Rights Resource Centre, we wish to inform you that on 23 October 2008, atapproximately 3.30 p.m., Mr. M.G. Kuleshov held an unauthorized meeting on the south-westernsi<strong>de</strong> of the Kyrgyz Republic's Government House. At 3.40 p.m. on 23 October 2008, Mr.Maksim Gennadyevich Kuleshov, born 1980, residing at [illegible], d. 8A, kv.3, in the town ofTokmov, was <strong>de</strong>tained by officers from the patrol and inspection service, Bishkek CentralInternal Affairs Department, and taken to the May Day district police station in Bishkek. Withinthree hours of the compilation of administrative materials on Mr. M.G. Kuleshov concerning thecommission of the offence <strong>de</strong>scribed in articles 371 and 392 of the Co<strong>de</strong> of AdministrativeResponsibility of the Kyrgyz Republic, the compiled materials were transferred for review to theMay Day district court in Bishkek.1320. The May Day regional court, having reviewed the materials it had received, found Mr.M.G. Kuleshov guilty of having committed an administrative offence un<strong>de</strong>r article 392 of theCo<strong>de</strong> of Administrative Responsibility, as a result of which Mr. Kuleshov was fined 2,000 soms.Mr. Kuleshov was found innocent of committing any offence un<strong>de</strong>r article 371 of the KyrgyzCo<strong>de</strong> of Administrative Responsibility. However, he did infringe the requirements of Or<strong>de</strong>r No.385, adopted by the Bishkek Chamber of Deputies on [illegible] December 2007, establishingthe cules for holding meetings, marches, <strong>de</strong>monstrations, rallies and protests in Bishkek. He alsoviolated the requirements of the Act on the right to assemble peacefully, without weapons, and tofreely hold rallies and assemblies.1321. Chapter 5, paragraph 2.1, of this Act states that un<strong>de</strong>r article 25 of the Constitution of theKyrgyz Republic, citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic shall have the right to assemble peacefully,without weapons, and to conduct political meetings, rallies, marches, <strong>de</strong>monstrations and picketson condition of prior notification to State or local authorities. Paragraph 2.2 of the Act states thatnotification of the holding of such events shall be given in writing to the office of the mayor ofBishkek or the district mayor's office no later than 10 days before the start of the event.Paragraph 2.4 of the Act states that the notification must contain information on the starting an<strong>de</strong>nding time of the event, the place where it is to be held and the expected number of participants,on the organizers of the event and their commitment to respect social or<strong>de</strong>r and the establishedrules, on payment for expenditure connected with the protection of social or<strong>de</strong>r, medical servicesand the clean-up of the site following the event, with an indication of the full naine, place ofresi<strong>de</strong>nce and contact telephone number of the persons responsible. Paragraph 2.5 of the Actstates that notification not ma<strong>de</strong> in accordance with the established procedure is to be consi<strong>de</strong>redinvalid and not taken into consi<strong>de</strong>ration by the local authorities. Chapter 3, paragraph 2.1, of theAct states that the holding of events on roadways or si<strong>de</strong>walks, in green areas, squares or parksor in proximity to health and leisure institutions, childcare facilities or educational institutions,government buildings or other locations without the permission of the local Bishkek lawenforcement agencies is prohibited.1322. Those who violate the requirements of existing regulations incur responsibility inaccordance with the legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic. On 5 December 2008, the Bishkek MayDay district procurator's office received notice from Mr. Kuleshov of action taken against thepolice officers who on 2 December 2008, at approximately 2.10 p.m., <strong>de</strong>tained him near thepremises of the Ministry of the Interior of the Kyrgyz Republic and, having han<strong>de</strong>d him over tothe district police, collected administrative material on him. The Bishkek May Day district court,having reviewed the administrative material on Mr. Kuleshov, gave him a fine of 2,000 soins.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2141323. The notice given by Mr. Kuleshov was reviewed by the procurator of the Bishkek1324. May Day district court, following which, no charges were brought, in accordance withsection 1, paragraph 2, of article 28 and article 156-1 of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>, for lack of evi<strong>de</strong>nceof a crime. A verification of this review, carried out by the Bishkek city procurator, has yiel<strong>de</strong>dno evi<strong>de</strong>nce of violations of rights and freedoms or of unlawful activities against Mr. Kuleshovby the officers of the Bishkek district internal affairs office.Observations1325. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government for the responses transmitted tocommunications sent on 7 August 2009, 27 October 2008 and 5 November 2008. The SpecialRapporteur regrets that at the time the present report was finalized, no response had beenreceived to the communication sent on 16 February 2009. Several communications from theprevious reporting cycles remain without a response. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to hercommunications as an important part of the cooperation of Governments with her mandate, andurges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her.Urgent appealLibyan Arab Jamahiriya1326. On 22 January 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the SpecialRapporteur on the situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms of indigenous people, theSpecial Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia andrelated intolerance, sent an urgent appeal to the Government regarding the situation of Mr.Salem Madi, Mr. M’hamed Hamrani, Ms Aissa Sijouk, Mr. Fethi Benkhelifa and Mr.Mohamed Akchir. The aforementioned human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs are members of the Fe<strong>de</strong>ralCouncil of the World Congress of the Amazigh (CMA). The CMA is an inter<strong>national</strong> NGO forthe <strong>de</strong>fence of the rights of the Amazigh (Berber) people, created in 1995. According to theinformation received:1327. On 24 December 2008, at approximately 11 a.m., around 300 members of theorganization the “Youth of Tomorrow’s Libya” and the “Revolutionary Committees” gatheredfor a meeting in the town of Yfren, in Nefussi Province, west of Tripoli. The meeting took theform of an informal popular tribunal to try and convict <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs working on the human rights ofthe Amazigh people without formal judicial process. The gathering specifically targeted thosehuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs who participated at the last <strong>General</strong> <strong>Assembly</strong> of the World Congress ofthe Amazigh held from 31 October – 2 November 2008 in Meknes, Morocco. At the meeting MrSalem Mdi, Mr M’hamed Hamrani and Ms Aissa Sijouk were publicly accused of beingseparatists and working for foreign interests. Mr Fethi Benkhelifa and Mr Mohamed Akchir werealso part of the list of <strong>de</strong>fendants mentioned during the meeting.1328. After approximately one hour, the lea<strong>de</strong>rs of the meeting, whose i<strong>de</strong>ntity is known to theSpecial Rapporteurs, called on the individuals present to attack the homes of the CMA members.A crowd of some 500 people, which inclu<strong>de</strong>d plain-clothes police officers and was surroun<strong>de</strong>dby soldiers, gathered outsi<strong>de</strong> the resi<strong>de</strong>nce of Mr. Salem Madi. The assembled group threwstones at the home, breaking several windows. The home of an el<strong>de</strong>rly woman, Ms. Aicha


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 215Elkeblaoui, was also damaged. Uni<strong>de</strong>ntified individuals also painted “Death to traitors” andother threats on the front of the resi<strong>de</strong>nce. The police and military officers present did notintervene.1329. Prior to <strong>de</strong>parting from the scene, organizers of the meeting threatened to kill anyonewho participated in any meeting concerning the “Amazigh issue.” They also announced thatpunitive measures would be conducted in the coming days against Amazigh activists, especiallyin the localities of Zuwara, Jadu, Cabao and Ubari. To date these <strong>de</strong>ath threats have not beenimplemented. Following the attack on his home, Mr. Salem Madi filed a complaint with theYfren Court. As yet, no response has been received.1330. Concern is expressed regarding the physical and psychological integrity of Mr SalemMadi, Mr M’hamed Hamrani, Ms Aissa Sijouk, Mr Fethi Benkhelifa and Mr Mohamed Akchir.Further concern is expressed that the harassment of, and attacks on, the above-mentioned personsmay be related to their activities <strong>de</strong>fending human rights, in particular the rights of the Amazighpeople.Urgent appeal1331. On 31 March 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with Chairman-Rapporteur of theWorking Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, sent an urgent appeal to theGovernment regarding the situation of Mr. Fouad Ben Amrane, Mr. Maître Fethi Therbel andMr. Hoseine El Madani. According to the information received:1332. It was reported that on 26 March 2009, Mr. Fouad Ben Amrane, Mr. Maître Fethi Therbeland Mr. Hoseine El Madani were allegedly arrested, at their respective places of resi<strong>de</strong>nce, bysecurity forces who did not present an arrest or house-search warrant and who confiscatedcomputers and documents. Allegedly, such action is related to Mr. Ben Amrane, Mr. FethiTherbel and Mr. El Madani’s <strong>de</strong>nounce of cases of enforced disappearances and requestsaddressed to the Libyan Government for appropriate investigations in human rights violations.Their fate and whereabouts remain unknown.1333. The Working Group wishes to request that appropriate investigations be carried out toclarify the fate and whereabouts of Mr. Fouad Ben Amrane, Mr. Maître Fethi Therbel and Mr.Hoseine El Madani and to protect their rights. The Working Group would appreciate receiving,with the utmost urgency, any information your Excellency’s government may provi<strong>de</strong> on thiscase and the results of the investigation.Letter of allegations1334. On 25 June 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onextrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions and the Special Rapporteur on torture and othercruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent a letter of allegations to theGovernment concerning the <strong>de</strong>ath of Mr Fathi El-Jahmi while <strong>de</strong>prived of his liberty. Mr FathiEl-Jahmi was an activist advocating political reform in Libya.1335. Mr El-Jahmi was the subject of an urgent appeal sent by the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the Special


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 216Rapporteur on Torture on 4 February 2008 and an urgent appeal sent by the then SpecialRepresentative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and theSpecial Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion an<strong>de</strong>xpression on 22 April 2004. To date, no reply to either these communications has been received.According to the new information received:1336. On 21 May 2009, Mr. El-Jahmi reportedly died in a hospital in Amman, Jordan. He hadallegedly been transferred by Libyan security agents from the Tripoli Medical Centre someweeks earlier for emergency medical care while he was allegedly in a comatose or semiconsciousstate and his breathing reliant on a ventilator. Following his <strong>de</strong>ath, Libyan securityagents reportedly supervised the repatriation of Mr. El-Jahmi’s body to Benghazi, Libya, wherehe is said to have been buried without an autopsy having taken place.1337. Following a visit of a physician of the non-governmental organization Physicians forHuman Rights in March 2008, a report on Mr. El-Jahmi in <strong>de</strong>tention conclu<strong>de</strong>d, “[n]ot only washe inappropriately confined in hospital for many months – he was also placed in a psychiatricfacility without cause, and the Libyan Government never provi<strong>de</strong>d any evi<strong>de</strong>nce to support suchan intervention”.1338. Concern is expressed that the <strong>de</strong>ath of Mr Fathi El-Jahmi, while <strong>de</strong>prived of his liberty,might be related to a failure to provi<strong>de</strong> a<strong>de</strong>quate medical assistance.Response from the Government1339. At the time this report was finalized, the reply of the Government of 10 December 2009had not been translated.Observations1340. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of the finalization of the present report,the Government had not transmitted any replies to her communications of 22 January 2009 and31 March 2009. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications as an important part of thecooperation of Governments with her mandate, and urges the Government to respond to theconcerns raised by her.Urgent appealLithuania1341. On 16 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding the adoption of the Law on the Protection of Minorsagainst the Detrimental Effect of Public Information.1342. According to information received, on 14 July 2009, the Seimas (Lithuanian Parliament)voted to adopt the "Law on the Protection of Minors against the Detrimental Effect of PublicInformation". The legislation had initially been passed by the Seimas on 16 June only to bevetoed by former Presi<strong>de</strong>nt Valdas Adamkus one week later. The Presi<strong>de</strong>ntial veto was


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 217overturned by a majority vote of 87 representatives. The law takes effect after the new Presi<strong>de</strong>ntMs. Dalia Grybauskaite signs it into law, which she is reportedly required to do within three days.1343. The "Law on the Protection of Minors against the Detrimental Effect of PublicInformation" seeks to ban public dissemination of information consi<strong>de</strong>red harmful to the mentalhealth or the intellectual and moral <strong>de</strong>velopment of minors. It would also ban all materials that“agitate for homosexual, bisexual and polygamous relations” from schools or other public placeswhere they can be seen by youth.1344. The Law classifies public information about homosexuality and bisexuality in the samecategory as other prohibited material, such as that which portrays physical or psychologicalviolence and graphic <strong>de</strong>pictions of <strong>de</strong>ad bodies.1345. In December 2008, a joint statement on human rights and sexual orientation and gen<strong>de</strong>ri<strong>de</strong>ntity, was presented by 66 States, including Lithuania, at the United Nations <strong>General</strong><strong>Assembly</strong>. The statement called upon other States to promote and protect the human rights of allpersons, regardless of their sexual orientation or gen<strong>de</strong>r i<strong>de</strong>ntity and to remove obstacles thatprevent human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs from carrying out their work on issues of human rights andsexual orientation and gen<strong>de</strong>r i<strong>de</strong>ntity.1346. Concern was expressed that the aforementioned legislation may result in an unvoluntarylimitation of the right of freedom of expression in Lithuania. Further concern was expressed thatthe law could be applied to limit the legitimate work of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, particularlythose working to <strong>de</strong>fend the rights of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgen<strong>de</strong>r (LGBT) people inthe country.Response from the Government1347. In a letter dated 11 September 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 16 July 2009. The Government transmitted the response of the Ministry of Culture ofLithuania as follows.1348. Accuracy of the facts. The Law on the Protection of Minors against the DetrimentalEffect of Public Information was signed by the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt Ms. Dalia Grybauskaité and publishedon 21 July 2009 (Official Journal, 2009, No. 86-3637) and takes effect only on 1 March 2010,not immediately after the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt had signed it.1349. The Law does not classify all public information about homosexuality and bisexuality asharmful information, but Article 4, provision 14 states that, “Public information having a<strong>de</strong>trimental effect on the mental health, physical, intellectual, or moral <strong>de</strong>velopment of minorsshall be consi<strong>de</strong>red the information (…) whereby homosexual, bisexual or polygamous relationsare promoted”. It is necessary to mention that the Law does not restrict or limit accumulationand/or dissemination of information about homosexual, bisexual or polygamous relationship.The Law only limits direct and public information propaganda for minors of homosexual,bisexual or polygamous relationship. Furthermore, Article 5 of the Law stipulates that any publicinformation may be non-assigned to the category of information having a <strong>de</strong>trimental effect onthe mental health, physical, intellectual or moral <strong>de</strong>velopment of minors where it conforms to thecriteria set out in sub-paragraphs 1-19 of paragraph 1 of Article 4 of this Law, whereas it


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 218conforms one of these criteria: 1) its content is composed only of information about events,political, social, religious beliefs or outlook; 2) the information is significant from a scientific orartistic point of view or it is necessary for research and education; 3) there is a public interest tomake it available to the public; 4) its scope and effect are minor. Therefore, there is nopresumption to allege that all information about homosexual, bisexual or polygamousrelationship is forbid<strong>de</strong>n.1350. Currently, the Ministry of Culture had presented and registered new draft of the Law onthe Protection of Minors against the Detrimental Effect of Public Information Article 4 provision14, whereas norm “whereby homosexual, bisexual or polygamous relations are promoted”should be changed into “whereby sexual relations are promoted <strong>de</strong>liberately” (Project registeredin Lithuanian Parliament on 27 July 2009, project No. XIP-953). This Project will be consi<strong>de</strong>redin the next session of the Seimas beginning in September 2009.1351. Freedom of expression of LGBT people. There is no special legal regulation for freedomof expression of LGBT people whereas the Constitution of Lithuania states the respect of humanrights (including freedom of expression) of all groups of people, not excepting LGBT people.Article 25 of the Constitution states that “the human being shall have the right to have his ownconvictions and freely express them”. As well as Article 29 of the Constitution states that “Allpersons shall be equal before the law, the court and other State institutions and officials. Therights of the human being may not be restricted, nor may he be granted any privileges on theground of gen<strong>de</strong>r, race, <strong>national</strong>ity, language, origin, social status, belief, convictions, or views”.Therefore it fully complies with the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civil and Political Rights andother inter<strong>national</strong> treaties, as mentioned above.1352. Compatibility of the Law with inter<strong>national</strong> human rights norms and standards.Children’s rights and their welfare are covered in a number of pieces of legislation. A World Fitfor Children Declaration adopted by the United Nations <strong>General</strong> <strong>Assembly</strong> in 2002 encouragesstates to create a world in which all girls and boys can enjoy childhood, in which they are loved,respected and cherished, where their safety is paramount and where they can <strong>de</strong>velop in health,peace and dignity. Article 17 of the Unietd Nations Convention on the Rights of the Childstipulates that “States Parties shall (…) encourage the <strong>de</strong>velopment of appropriate gui<strong>de</strong>lines forthe protection of the child from information and material injurious to his or her well-being”. Inits Concluding Observations of 26 January 2001 regarding the initial report of Lithuania on theimplementation of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child in Lithuania, the UnitedNations Committee on the Rights of the Child encouraged Lithuania “to further enforceappropriate gui<strong>de</strong>lines and legislation for the protection of the child from information andmaterial injurious to his or her <strong>de</strong>velopment, in particular violence and pornography”.1353. While legislating the Law on the Protection of Minors against the <strong>de</strong>trimental effect ofPublic information Lithuanian Parliament Is pursuing the goal of balance between the freedom ofexpression, freedom of thought or freedom of association as stated in the European Conventionfor the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Charter of Fundamental Rightsof the European Union, the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and theDeclaration on Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs and public interest to protect minors from publicinformation which may have a negative impact on minors’ health, physical, intellectual and/ormoral <strong>de</strong>velopment, that is trying to protect the morality of minors. This duty for the State toprotect minors <strong>de</strong>rives also from EU Directive 89/552/EC, which stated that “Member States


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 219shall take appropriate measures to ensure that television broadcasts by broadcasters un<strong>de</strong>r theirjurisdiction do not inclu<strong>de</strong> any programmes which might seriously impair the physical, mental ormoral <strong>de</strong>velopment of minors, in particular programmes that involve pornography or gratuitousviolence” (Art 22). It is necessary to remark that the European Human Rights Court in caseHandysi<strong>de</strong> v. United Kingdom in 1976 December 7th <strong>de</strong>cision noted that there is no unanimousconcept of morality, therefore every member state has a right to evaluation freedom when takingmeasures to protect persons’ morality. Moreover, inter<strong>national</strong> legal acts regulating freedom ofexpression stipulate some possibilities to take restrictions to freedom of expression or freedom ofassociation. And one of the versatile restrictions to freedom to expression and freedom ofassociation is ma<strong>de</strong> with the purpose to protect persons’ morality. Therefore the Law sets fewrestrictions, which are taken to protect minors as a special group and are justified as essential andproportional. Once again, the Law does not discriminate against or prohibit any kind ofrelationship or lifestyle, which is a freedom and right to a private life of every individual. On thecontrary, the Law provi<strong>de</strong>s for the criteria which prohibit any kind of sexual propaganda targetedat minors since it has a negative impact on their <strong>de</strong>velopment. Moreover, freedom of associationas it is set in the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Declaration onHuman Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs may be enjoyed as it complies with the Article 5 of the Law (“Nonassignmentof Public Information to the Category of Information Having a Detrimental Effect onthe Development of Minors”).1354. It is noteworthy that the Lithuanian Human Rights Association had ma<strong>de</strong> a publicstatement (20 July 2009), stating and both regretting that criticism of the Law is ungroun<strong>de</strong>d.The Association had reviewed and evaluated legal liabilities of Lithuania in the area of humanrights and ma<strong>de</strong> a statement that none of the Law norms contravene with the EuropeanConvention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (article 9 – Freedomof thought, conscience and religion, Article 10 – Freedom of expression, Article 14 – Prohibitionof discrimination).Observations1355. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government for the <strong>de</strong>tailed responsetransmitted.Letter of allegationsMalaysia1356. On 12 June 2009, the Special Rapporteur, jointly with the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection ofthe right to freedom of opinion and expression , sent a letter of allegations regarding the situationof Mr. V. Ganabatirau, Mr. R. Kenghadharan and Mr. M. Manoharan, lawyers of the HinduRights Action Force (HINDRAF), Mr. P. Uthayakumar, legal adviser, and Mr. T.Vasanthakumar, organizing secretary of the same organization.1357. The five afore mentioned persons were the subject of a first urgent appeal sent on 27December 2007 by the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention,the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion an<strong>de</strong>xpression and the former Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation ofhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs. A second urgent appeal was sent on 21 April 2008, by the Special


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 220Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, theSpecial Rapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, the Special Rapporteur onfreedom of religion or belief, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyersand the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinionand expression.1358. According to new information received, after being arrested on 13 December 2007, un<strong>de</strong>rSection 8(1) of the Internal Security Act (ISA), for carrying out activities threatening the <strong>national</strong>security of the State, Mr. V. Ganabatirau, Mr. R. Kenghadharan, Mr. P. Uthayakumar, Mr. M.Manoharan, and Mr. T. Vasanthakumar, challenged their <strong>de</strong>tention on several occasions. On 26February 2008, the Kuala Lumpur High Court rejected their habeas corpus applications. On 14May 2008, an appeal of this <strong>de</strong>cision was dismissed.1359. A new habeas corpus appeal before the Apex Court is still pending. Although, on 11February 2009, the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Court unanimously dismissed the five HINDRAF lea<strong>de</strong>r’s motion forreview of their habeas corpus application, confirming prece<strong>de</strong>nt judicial <strong>de</strong>cisions in which itwas stated that the Prime Minister could or<strong>de</strong>r a person to be <strong>de</strong>tained un<strong>de</strong>r Section 8 of the ISAwithout waiting for full investigation by the police.1360. On 5 April 2009, 13 <strong>de</strong>tainees un<strong>de</strong>r the ISA were removed from the Kemta Prison,Kamunting, Perak, including Mr. V Ganabatirau and Mr. R. Kenghadharan, and were placedun<strong>de</strong>r the Restricted Resi<strong>de</strong>nce Act (RRA). Mr. P. Uthayakumar, Mr. M. Manoharan and Mr. T.Vasanthakumar remained <strong>de</strong>tained un<strong>de</strong>r the ISA at the Kemta Prison, Kamunting, Perak.Letter of allegations1361. On 20 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent a letter ofallegations concerning the repression of peaceful <strong>de</strong>monstrations and the arrest ofapproximately 600 protesters, including 40 minors.1362. According to information received, on 1 August 2009, peaceful <strong>de</strong>monstrations againstthe Internal Security Act (ISA) took place in Kuala Lumpur at three locations (Masjid Jamek andMsjid Negara mosques and Sogo Shopping Centre). It has been reported that police used tear gas,water cannons and chemically-laced water to disperse the growing crowds.1363. Police also allegedly arrested nearly 600 people, including 40 minors. Some of thepersons arrested were charged un<strong>de</strong>r the Police Act, which requires a permit for gatherings offour or more people, or un<strong>de</strong>r the Societies Act for distributing T-shirts for the <strong>de</strong>monstrations.Prominent opposition politicians and lea<strong>de</strong>rs of the anti-ISA movement were reportedly targetedfor arrests by the police and were consequently charged with illegal assembly.1364. Concern was expressed that the measures taken by the police against peaceful<strong>de</strong>monstrators might be an attempt to stile the right to freedom of expression and the related rightto peaceful assembly and association.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 221Response from the Government1365. In a letter dated 24 November 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the letter ofallegations, indicating that the summary of the case outlined by the experts in the communicationis not entirely accurate. The Government clarified that the anti-ISA <strong>de</strong>monstration on 1 August2009 was not peaceful, since it caused severe traffic disruptions on all major roads in KualaLumpur. Further, due to the large influx of protesters from outsi<strong>de</strong> Kuala Lumpur, thetransportation system and the economic sector such as businesses, tourism and public services inthe city centre were seriously and adversely affected by that <strong>de</strong>monstration.1366. The police had issued a warning through the mass media three days before the<strong>de</strong>monstrations took place, informing the public that no application un<strong>de</strong>r relevant laws wasma<strong>de</strong> by any part staging the <strong>de</strong>monstration and no permit was issued for the <strong>de</strong>monstration thattook place. Through loudspeakers, the police had repeatedly urged the protestors who hadassembled and blocked major roads to disperse. Nevertheless, the requests and warnings of thepolice were ignored and the protestors grew more violent. Consequently, the police used watercanons and tear gas to disperse the mob. Such measures were only applied as a last resort whenrepeated attempts by the police to ask the protestors to disperse voluntarily were ignored. At notime was chemically-laced water used on the protestors.1367. During the course of its operations related to the <strong>de</strong>monstration, the police had ma<strong>de</strong> 458arrests. All arrests were legally executed un<strong>de</strong>r the relevant laws. Out of the 458, 377 personswere released within 24 hours of their arrest. The remaining 81 persons, including 4 minors agedbetween 13 and 16 years, were held un<strong>de</strong>r remand. Subsequently, 52 persons, including 3 minors,were released. The remaining 29 persons were formally charged un<strong>de</strong>r section 27(5) of thePolice Act 1966 1967 (act 344) and section 143 of the Penal Co<strong>de</strong> (Act 574) on 3 August 2009,including 1 minor who was formally charged un<strong>de</strong>r section 43 of the Societies Act 1966 (act335). The <strong>de</strong>tained minors were not handcuffed and were held in a separate lock-up for minors atPetaling Jaya police station. They were affor<strong>de</strong>d the right to counsel as soon as practicable asprovi<strong>de</strong>d for un<strong>de</strong>r the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Constitution. All <strong>de</strong>tainees, including the minors, were given foodwhen they were taken in for documentation and during their <strong>de</strong>tention in lock-up. The basicrights of the arrested persons, including the minors, were neither breached, nor compromised inany way.1368. The roadblocks set up at 00.00 hours on 31 July 2009 were aimed at ensuring publicsafety and security, and there was no security blocka<strong>de</strong> imposed by the Government on trainstations, Lights Rail Transit and Monorail users. Those persons who wore black and red T-shirtswith various slogans were arrested due to their participation in the unlawful <strong>de</strong>monstration orhaving the common intention to participate in the unlawful <strong>de</strong>monstration. No blanket ban on thewearing of black and red T-shirts was imposed.1369. In <strong>de</strong>positing its instrument of ratification to the Convention on the Rights of the Child(CRC), Malaysia had submitted reservations against article 37 to the effect that it will only applyif it is in conformity with the fe<strong>de</strong>ral Constitution, <strong>national</strong> laws and policies of the Government.The Child Act 2001 (Act 611) sufficiently protects the rights of children who are <strong>de</strong>tained orarrested. In particular, section 85(1) of Act 611 provi<strong>de</strong>s that appropriate arrangements should bema<strong>de</strong> to separate child and adult offen<strong>de</strong>rs in <strong>de</strong>tention. The arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of minors were


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 222un<strong>de</strong>rtaken in full compliance with the relevant <strong>national</strong> laws and <strong>de</strong>spite its reservations, is fullyconsonant with the provisions of article 37 of CRC.1370. Article 10(1)(b) of the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Constitution guarantees the right to peaceful assemblysubject to restrictions which may be imposed by Parliament pursuant to article 10(2)(b). Section27 of Act 344 empowers the Royal Malaysian Police to regulate assemblies, meetings andprocessions in public places. Un<strong>de</strong>r section 27(2), any person intending to convene an assembly,meeting and procession in any public place is required to apply to the Officer in Charge of aPolice District or any other police officer duly authorized by him in writing has the power to givedirections on how assemblies, meeting, processions may be held in public places. Un<strong>de</strong>r section27(2A), an application for a license to assemble in public shall wither be ma<strong>de</strong> jointly by threeindividuals or an organization. Un<strong>de</strong>r section 27(3), an assembly in respect of which a licencehas not been issued may be stopped by any police officer and the failure to disperse inaccordance with such instructions amounts to an offence un<strong>de</strong>r section 27(4).1371. The Government adheres to the un<strong>de</strong>rlying philosophy and norms set forth in articles 19and 20(1) of the UDHR, and articles 5(a) and 12 of the Declaration on Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs.Nonetheless, Malaysia notes that article 29(2) of the UDHR <strong>de</strong>termines that in the exercise of theabovementioned rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject to such limitations as are<strong>de</strong>termined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rightsand freedoms of others and of meeting just requirement of morality, public or<strong>de</strong>r and generalwelfare in a <strong>de</strong>mocratic society. Seen in this light, it is therefore clear that the provisions of Act344 are in full compliance with inter<strong>national</strong> norms and standards on the right to freedom ofassembly. At the same time, Malaysia remains un<strong>de</strong>r a special duty and obligation to enforce therelevant laws to ensure that assemblies respect the rights of the general public and does notinterfere with public or<strong>de</strong>r.1372. The Societies Act 1966 (Act 335) was introduced to regulate the registration of societies.It does not impose a blanket prohibition on the right of individuals to form, join or participate inany association (see sections 5, 6, 7, 41 and 43 of Act 335). The Government un<strong>de</strong>rstands thatthe Declaration on Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs outlines some specific duties of the State andresponsibilities of every person regarding <strong>de</strong>fending human rights. However, the Declaration isnot, in itself, a legally binding instrument although it represents a series of principles and rightsthat are reflective of human rights standards. The Government is aware of articles 5(b), 6, 12(1)and 17 of the Declaration. The “limitations” to the freedom of association as provi<strong>de</strong>d by Act335 were established in line with article 10(1)(c) and 10(2)(c) of the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Constitution. Theseare the “limitations” as “<strong>de</strong>termined by laws solely for the purpose of securing due recognitionand respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting just requirements of morality,public or<strong>de</strong>r and the general welfare in a <strong>de</strong>mocratic society”, as provi<strong>de</strong>d by article 17 of theDeclaration and the requirements of morality, public or<strong>de</strong>r and general welfare. Therefore, Act335 is in full compliance and is compatible with inter<strong>national</strong> norms and standards on the right tofreedom of association.1373. The ISA (Act 82) was promulgated to provi<strong>de</strong> for the internal security of Malaysia, theprevention of subversion, the suppression of organized violence against persons and property inspecified areas of Malaysia, and for matters inci<strong>de</strong>ntal thereto. The Act contains sufficientsafeguards against possible abuses which are further reinforced by provisions in other relevantand related legislation. Paragraphs 10, 12 and 13 of Opinions No. 10/2004 of the Working Group


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 223on Arbitrary Detention imply that the application of the ISA for incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tentionwithout trial constitutes a breach of inter<strong>national</strong> law. The Government strongly objects to thisopinion as all ISA <strong>de</strong>tainees are granted visitation rights to meet with family members and legalcounsel. ISA <strong>de</strong>tainees are also affor<strong>de</strong>d the right in law to file for a writ of habeas corpus at anytime and as many times as they wish, following <strong>de</strong>tention. Section 365 of the Criminal ProcedureCo<strong>de</strong> (Act 593) stipulates that the High Court may, upon the application by the <strong>de</strong>tained person,whenever it thinks fit, direct that any person who is alleged to be illegally or improperly <strong>de</strong>tainedin public or private custody within the limits of Malaysia, be set at liberty. The Governmentfurther highlights the role of the Advisory Board as provi<strong>de</strong>d un<strong>de</strong>r the Act, particularly inreviewing representations by ISA <strong>de</strong>tainees. In brief, the Advisory Board comprises a Chairmanand two members, all of whom are appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (the Supreme Rulerof Malaysia), by virtue of article 151(2) of the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Constitution. The Chairman of theAdvisory Board shall be or have been, or be qualified to be, a judge of the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Court, theCourt of Appeal or a High Court, or shall before Malaysia Day have been a judge of the SupremeCourt. It is therefore clear that the ISA is in compliance and consonant with the UDHR, bearingin mind that the exercise of the rights referred to un<strong>de</strong>r articles 9, 10 and 11 are subject to article29(2) of the UDHR. The Government emphasizes that persons <strong>de</strong>tained un<strong>de</strong>r the ISA are notheld incommunicado, unlike in other jurisdictions.1374. While Malaysia is not a State party to the ICCPR, it nonetheless adheres to fundamentalprecepts of it (see article 9(1)). The Government is further committed to related inter<strong>national</strong>norms, including the Body of Principles for the Protection of All Persons un<strong>de</strong>r any form ofDetention or Imprisonment. Finally, in arriving at the observations, conclusions andrecommendations set forth in its Opinion No. 10/2004, the WGAD had arrived at and ren<strong>de</strong>redthe said opinion without the benefit of any response on the issue from the Government. Thatnotwithstanding, the Government renews its commitment to continue cooperating with theSpecial Procedures of the UN Human Rights Council.Response from the Government to a communication sent before the reporting period1375. In a letter dated 15 January 2009, the Government informed that on 23 October 2008 at3.30pm, a group of 11 HINDRAF supporters, led by Jayathas a/l Sirkunavelu (HINDRAF’sNational Information Chief) had gathered in front of the Prime Minister’s Office with theintention of submitting a memorandum calling for the release of five HINDRAF lea<strong>de</strong>rs whohave been <strong>de</strong>tained un<strong>de</strong>r the ISA. At 3.50pm, after Jayathas a/l Sirkunavelu held a pressconference, the police arrested all those present for an offence un<strong>de</strong>r section 48 of the SocietiesAct 1966. Those arrested were as follows: Jayathas a/l Sirkunavelu, Kanan a/l Ramasamy,Tamaraju a/l Ponnusamy, Rajasegaran a/l Marimuthu, Balakrishnan a/l Kunjo Nair, Sundram a/lPeriannai, Sivakumar a/l Santhosam, Pobalan a/l Sreedharan, Lour<strong>de</strong>mary a/p N.Vasu Pillai,Waytha Nayaji a/p Ponnusamy, and Nagaswary a/p Karuppen.1376. The police offered to release Nagaswary a/p Karuppen on humanitarian grounds and dueto the fact that she had a daughter, but she refused and chose instead to remain at the PoliceStation even though she was not un<strong>de</strong>r police custody. Vwaishhannavi a/p Waytha Moorthy (thedaughter of Waytha Moorthy) was never arrested because of her age (she was 6 years old at thetime of the inci<strong>de</strong>nt). Nonetheless, she remained at the Police Station un<strong>de</strong>r the care of hermother Nagaswary a/p Karuppen. Both chose to stay at the Police Station on their own volition


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 224as a show of support for the others that were <strong>de</strong>tained. Both left the Police Station the nextmorning at 7 a.m.1377. On 24 October 2008, nine out of the ten <strong>de</strong>tained were produced before the PutrajayaMagistrates Court as required by law. The Magistrates Court allowed a remand period of twodays for further investigation until 26 October 2008. Jayathas a/l Sirkunavelu is a haemodialysispatient, so a remand or<strong>de</strong>r was issued, but with the necessary medical treatment to be given tohim by the Putrajaya Hospital. The <strong>de</strong>tainees were represented by 8 counsels of their choice, ledby Counsel N. Surendren.1378. All those <strong>de</strong>tained were released on 26 October 2008 with police bail whereby there wereinstructed to report to the Police Station on 25 November 2008 pending investigations.1379. On 15 October 2008, HINDRAF was <strong>de</strong>clared as an illegal organization un<strong>de</strong>r section5(1) of the Societies Act 1966. The <strong>de</strong>cision was ma<strong>de</strong> after continuous monitoring andinvestigation on HINDRAF’s activities by the ROS and Home Ministry which categoricallyfound that HINDRAF’s activities had contravened the Societies Act 1966. During the monitoringand investigations, the authorities noted that HINDRAF actively organized illegal assembliesand incited hatred among Indians against the Malays. If these actions remained un<strong>de</strong>terred, itcould trigger conflicts or religious/racial riots in the country which will surely be harmful to thesecurity of Malaysia. This was <strong>de</strong>emed “incompatible with the interest of the security ofMalaysia or any part thereof, public or<strong>de</strong>r or morality”.1380. The <strong>de</strong>tention is a direct consequence of the incitement of hatred, which in a multi-racialState like Malaysia, would not only be <strong>de</strong>trimental, but also very dangerous as it may lead toracial violence. As such, the <strong>de</strong>tention was a necessary preventive act before the tension swelledand grew out of hand. The <strong>de</strong>tention was not due to the fact that HINDRAF was <strong>de</strong>fendingethnic Indian rights as alleged.1381. HINDRAF ma<strong>de</strong> an application for registration on 16 October 2007 to the ROS, but theROS has not approved the said application at that time. As such, legally, HINDRAF is illegal asit is not registered un<strong>de</strong>r the Societies Act 1966. Thus, from the date of its formation till 15October 2008, HINDRAF was acting as an illegal organization.1382. <strong>Base</strong>d on official records, no complaint has been lodged by the <strong>de</strong>tainees or theirrepresentatives. However, the <strong>de</strong>tainees or their representatives may lodge complaints incompliance with the applicable laws.1383. The case has been classified as “no further action” by the Attorney <strong>General</strong> due to thelack of evi<strong>de</strong>nce to prosecute. The Malaysian police had requested that the Attorney <strong>General</strong>review the <strong>de</strong>cision. As of today, there is no change in the status of the case.1384. The Government of Malaysia would like to state that the Malaysian police acted un<strong>de</strong>rthe provisions of law to arrest and <strong>de</strong>tain the aforementioned persons. The applicable laws aresection 20 of the Police Act, section 117 of the Criminal Procedure Co<strong>de</strong> and section 48 of theSocieties Act 1966. The police officers were acting within the powers provi<strong>de</strong>d by law to themun<strong>de</strong>r section 20(3) of the Police Act. In the present case, the police <strong>de</strong>tained the suspects for anoffence un<strong>de</strong>r section 48 of the Societies Act.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2251385. The Government of Malaysia fully un<strong>de</strong>rstands that the freedom of expression, opinionand association are some of the fundamental human rights which are enshrined in variousinter<strong>national</strong> human rights instruments. In Malaysia, the freedom of expression and associationare guaranteed un<strong>de</strong>r the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Constitution. The restrictions imposed un<strong>de</strong>r article 10(2) areconsistent with the position un<strong>de</strong>r the inter<strong>national</strong> human rights instruments which recognizescertain restriction in the exercise of the right to freedom of opinion, expression, assembly andassociation. At the outset, the Special Rapporteurs and the Expert are aware that Malaysia is nota party to the ICCPR. It is also noted that both the UDHR and the Declaration on Human RightsDefen<strong>de</strong>rs are not legally binding on States. Notwithstanding that, Malaysia adheres to thephilosophy and norms set out in the ICCPR and the Declaration, and asserts that the provisionsof the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Constitution of Malaysia and legislative framework of Malaysia generallyconform to the philosophy, concepts, norms and provisions of the ICCPR, the UDHR and theDeclaration on Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs.1386. The Government of Malaysia finally reiterates its adherence and commitments on itsprime responsibility and duty to protect, promote and implement all human rights andfundamental freedoms, inter alia, by adopting such steps as may be necessary to create allconditions necessary in the social, economic, political and other fields, as well as the legalguarantees required to ensure that all persons un<strong>de</strong>r its jurisdiction, individually and inassociation with others, are able to enjoy all those rights and freedoms, within the confines of theprovisions of the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Constitution, domestic laws and applicable provisions of inter<strong>national</strong>law.Observations1387. The Special Rapporteur thanks the Government for its response, but regrets that at thetime of finalizing the present report, the Government had not transmitted a reply to hercommunications of 12 June 2009 and 15 September 2008. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to hercommunications an important part of the cooperation of Governments with her mandate. Sheurges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed informationregarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken to prosecute the perpetrators as well as protective measurestaken to ensure the physical and mental integrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and their families.1388. The Special Rapporteur urges the Government of Malaysia to make every effort to createan environment conducive to the work of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs who support the rights ofminorities and indigenous peoples, as well as labour rights.1389. The Special Rapporteur hopes the Government of Malaysia will respond favourably toher follow-up request for visit sent on 21 January 2010 (former requests were ma<strong>de</strong> by the thenSpecial Representative of the Secretary <strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 8July 2002 and 2 December 2004).Appel urgentMauritania1390. Le 8 avril 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécial sur lapromotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression et le Rapporteur spécialsur la torture et autres peines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou dégradants, a envoyé un appel


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 226urgent sur la situation <strong>de</strong> M. Boubacar Messaoud, prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> l’association SOS-Esclaves etmembre <strong>de</strong> la Commission <strong>national</strong>e <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme <strong>de</strong> Mauritanie, ainsi que d’autrespersonnes ayant pris part à la marche pacifique du 2 avril 2009. M. Messaoud a fait l'objet d'unelettre d'allégation envoyée par le Rapporteur spécial sur la promotion et la protection du droit à laliberté d’opinion et d’expression et l’ancienne Représentante spéciale du Secrétaire Général surla situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme le 5 décembre 2003. Nous n’avons pas reçu, àce jour, <strong>de</strong> réponse du Gouvernement <strong>de</strong> Votre Excellence à cette communication. Selon lesinformations reçues :1391. Le 2 avril 2009, M. Boubacar Messaoud aurait été agressé par un groupe <strong>de</strong> quatrepoliciers au cours d’une marche présentée comme pacifique et organisée par la Coordination <strong>de</strong>sforces démocratiques, qui regroupe <strong>de</strong>s partis politiques <strong>de</strong> l’opposition ainsi que <strong>de</strong>sorganisations <strong>de</strong> la société civile, dont <strong>de</strong>s organisations <strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. Cettemarche avait pour but <strong>de</strong> dénoncer le coup d’Etat militaire du 6 août 2008. M. Messaoud auraitété mis à genoux et assommé par un coup <strong>de</strong> matraque porté à sa nuque. Une fois évanoui, lespoliciers auraient continué <strong>de</strong> le frapper et l’auraient trainé à terre en direction du coffre d’unevoiture banalisée. Deux passantes auraient alors reconnu M. Messaoud et auraient crié son nomafin d’ameuter d’autres passants, faisant ainsi fuir les policiers. M. Messaoud se serait rendu lelen<strong>de</strong>main à l’hôpital pour passer un scanner.1392. Plusieurs autres personnes, notamment <strong>de</strong>s opposants politiques, auraient également étérouées <strong>de</strong> coups par la police au cours <strong>de</strong> cette marche.1393. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que l’usage excessif <strong>de</strong> la force contre M.Messaoud et d'autres manifestants ayant pris part à la marche du 2 avril 2009 soit lié à l’exercicepacifique <strong>de</strong> leur droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression.Réponse du Gouvernement1394. Le 27 avril 2009, le Gouvernement mauritanien a répondu à l’appel urgent du 8 avril2009. Le Gouvernement informe que les allégations relatives à une agression dont M. Messaoud,qui prenait part à une manifestation non autorisée, aurait été victime, sont inexactes. M.Messaoud faisait partie <strong>de</strong> la masse d’individus qui a été sommée <strong>de</strong> quitter la voie publiquecomme le prévoient les lois et textes préservant l’ordre public et notamment l’article 101 du co<strong>de</strong>pénal.1395. L’accusation d’enlèvement <strong>de</strong> M. Messaoud est infondée. Il est constate que celui-ci n’apas été en contact avec les policiers qui ne le reconnaissent pas parmi le groupe. A ce jour,aucune plainte n’a été déposée par M. Messaoud ou en son nom pour agression ou enlèvement.Observations1396. La Rapporteuse spéciale remercie le Gouvernement pour sa réponse, mais regrette, aumoment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport, l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse à la communication en datedu 3 septembre 2008. Elle exhorte le Gouvernement à répondre au plus vite aux craintesexprimées dans celle-ci, notamment en fournissant <strong>de</strong>s informations précises sur les enquêtesmenées afin <strong>de</strong> traduire en justice les auteurs <strong>de</strong>s faits et les mesures <strong>de</strong> protection prises pour


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 227assurer l’intégrité physique et mentale <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs. Elle considère les réponses à sescommunications comme partie intégrante <strong>de</strong> la coopération <strong>de</strong>s gouvernements avec son mandat.Llamamiento urgenteMexico1397. El 20 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con el acoso y ataque <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Rubén ValenciaNúñez, integrante <strong>de</strong> Voces Oaxaqueñas Construyendo Autonomía y Libertad (VOCAL).1398. VOCAL es parte <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>l Consejo Estatal <strong>de</strong> la Asamblea Popular <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo <strong>de</strong> Oaxaca(APPO) una organización sombrilla que encabezó las protestas que estallaron en el estado <strong>de</strong>Oaxaca en 2006 y 2007 para pedir la dimisión <strong>de</strong>l gobernador <strong>de</strong>l estado el quien acusan <strong>de</strong>corrupción y <strong>de</strong> actos <strong>de</strong> represión.1399. Según la información recibida, el 8 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, el Sr. Rubén Valencia Núñezse ha pronunciado públicamente contra la policía estatal y municipal, <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> un asaltopolicial que se habría llevado a cabo contra una casa en la que un grupo <strong>de</strong> jóvenes activistashabrían organizado activida<strong>de</strong>s culturales y políticas. La policía habría utilizado porras y gaslacrimógeno para entrar por la fuerza en la casa.1400. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 10 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 23h00,cuando el Sr. Rubén Valencia Núñez caminaba por el centro <strong>de</strong> la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Oaxaca con unamigo, tres hombres <strong>de</strong>sconocidos le habrían gritados insultos <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> un automóvil. Uno <strong>de</strong> loshombres habría tratado <strong>de</strong> salir <strong>de</strong>l auto, pero sus compañeros le persuadieron <strong>de</strong> que no lohiciera, y el auto se habría marchado.1401. Temiendo por su seguridad, el Sr. Rubén Valencia Núñez y su amigo habrían entrados enun café. Cinco minutos <strong>de</strong>spués, el hombre que habría tratado <strong>de</strong> salir <strong>de</strong>l auto habría entrado enel café y habría apuñalado al Sr. Rubén Valencia Núñez con un cuchillo, hiriéndole en la cabezay el cuello. En la lucha, un camarero habría recibido también una cuchilla en el cuello. El Sr.Rubén Valencia Núñez fue llevado al hospital, pero ya ha recibido el alta.1402. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido, se expresó preocupación por la integridad física ypsicológica <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Rubén Valencia Núñez. Se expresó temor que el ataque contra el Sr. RubénValencia Núñez podría estar relacionado con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s legítimas en la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos como integrante <strong>de</strong> VOCAL, específicamente por su tarea en contra lacorrupción estatal.Llamamiento urgente1403. El 10 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>l Grupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre las <strong>de</strong>saparicionesforzadas o involuntarias, el Relator Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y lasliberta<strong>de</strong>s fundamentales <strong>de</strong> los indígenas y el Relator Especial sobre las ejecucionesextrajudiciales, sumarias o arbitrarias, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 228urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida en relación con la <strong>de</strong>saparición forzada y asesinato<strong>de</strong> los Sres. Manuel Ponce Rosas y Raúl Lucas Lucía y las amenazas recibidas por parte <strong>de</strong> lasfamilias <strong>de</strong> los difuntos, por la Sra. Guadalupe Castro Morales, esposa <strong>de</strong> Raúl Lucas Lucía, ysus hijos y su hermana la Sra. Carmen Lucas Lucía.1404. Manuel Ponce Rosas y Raúl Lucas Lucía ocupaban los cargos <strong>de</strong> Secretario y Presi<strong>de</strong>nte,respectivamente, <strong>de</strong> la Organización para el Futuro <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo Mixteco (OFPM). Estaorganización se creó a partir <strong>de</strong> la Organización <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo Indígena Me Phaa (OPIM), otraorganización indígena en la zona <strong>de</strong> la Costa Chica. Ambas organizaciones, las cuales estánconstituidas por comunida<strong>de</strong>s indígenas <strong>de</strong> la zona (Tlapanecos y Mixtecos), se <strong>de</strong>dican a la<strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong>l territorio y recursos naturales y han <strong>de</strong>nunciado presuntas violaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos por parte <strong>de</strong>l Ejército Mexicano en la zona.1405. La OFPM tiene su base en la capital municipal <strong>de</strong> Ayutla <strong>de</strong> los Libres y <strong>de</strong>fien<strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los pueblos indígenas <strong>de</strong> la región a través <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>nuncia <strong>de</strong> violaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos, así como creando y gestionando proyectos para mejorar la calidad <strong>de</strong> vida <strong>de</strong> losgrupos indígenas. La OPIM fue fundada en 2002 para <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r y promover los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> laspersonas indígenas Me’phaa en México. Entre otros proyectos, la OPIM aboga por la justicia y lareparación <strong>de</strong> las violaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos cometidas por parte <strong>de</strong>l Ejército Mexicanocontra la comunidad.1406. El 19 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Grupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre <strong>de</strong>sapariciones forzadas oinvoluntarias, envió un llamamiento urgente al Gobierno <strong>de</strong> México en torno a la <strong>de</strong>saparición <strong>de</strong>los Sres. Manuel Ponce Rosas y Raúl Lucas Lucía. Aunque el Gobierno respondió a lacomunicación <strong>de</strong>l Grupo el 26 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, dicha comunicación no se recibió hasta el 5<strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009. En su respuesta, el Gobierno informó <strong>de</strong> la causa <strong>de</strong> la muerte <strong>de</strong> ambosseñores y <strong>de</strong> las circunstancias en que los cadáveres fueron encontrados. También se les informósobre las investigaciones judiciales llevadas a cabo sobre la <strong>de</strong>saparición <strong>de</strong> los Sres. ManuelPonce Rosas y Raúl Lucas Lucía.1407. La OPIM ya fue objeto <strong>de</strong> varias comunicaciones <strong>de</strong> la Relatora Especial sobre lasituación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos que envió una carta el 22 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2008 y <strong>de</strong>su pre<strong>de</strong>cesora, que envió una carta el 28 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2008. La Relatora Especial lamentó nohaber recibido respuesta a estas comunicaciones en el momento <strong>de</strong> finalización <strong>de</strong> lacomunicación.1408. Según la información recibida, el 13 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a la 13h35,los Sres. Manuel Ponce Rosas y Raúl Lucas Lucía habrían sido <strong>de</strong>tenidos por tres hombresarmados que se i<strong>de</strong>ntificaron como policías. En el momento <strong>de</strong>l inci<strong>de</strong>nte, Manuel Ponce Rosasy Raúl Lucas Lucía se hallarían en la inauguración <strong>de</strong> unas oficinas en Plan <strong>de</strong> Ayutla, unaescuela secundaria fe<strong>de</strong>ral ubicada en el Boulevard, carretera Ayutla-Tecoanapa, Ayutla <strong>de</strong> losLibres, Estado <strong>de</strong> Guerrero. Los señores habrían sido invitados por la esposa <strong>de</strong> Raúl, Guadalupe,quien es regidora <strong>de</strong>l Municipio en asuntos indígenas.1409. Entre las 35 personas que asistieron al acto, se encontraban algunos representantes <strong>de</strong> lasautorida<strong>de</strong>s municipales. El Director <strong>de</strong> Seguridad Pública <strong>de</strong> Ayutla y aproximadamente 25agentes <strong>de</strong> la Policía Preventiva Fe<strong>de</strong>ral, vigilaban la zona. Sin embargo, aproximadamente a la13h00, el Capitán <strong>de</strong> la policía habría recibido una llamada a su teléfono móvil y él y sus


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 229hombres habrían abandonado el lugar en dirección al centro <strong>de</strong> Ayutla. Aproximadamente a la13h15 habrían llegado tres individuos que, según algunos testigos, se habrían presentado comomiembros <strong>de</strong> la policía ministerial <strong>de</strong>l Estado <strong>de</strong> Guerrero. Las tres personas habrían estadovestidas <strong>de</strong> civiles, llevarían un corte <strong>de</strong> cabello al estilo militar y habrían portado armas <strong>de</strong>corto alcance. Un hombre habría amenazado a Manuel Ponce Rosas con un arma <strong>de</strong> fuego y alintervenir Raúl Lucas Lucía, le habría golpeado en la cabeza con el arma. Otros dos hombresarmados habrían obligado a Manuel Ponce Rosas y Raúl Lucas Lucía a salir <strong>de</strong>l lugar <strong>de</strong> loshechos. Un cuarto hombre les habría esperado a la salida don<strong>de</strong> se habría obligado a ManuelPonce Rosas y Raúl Lucas Lucía a subir a un vehículo Domsan negro con vidrios polarizados ysin placas <strong>de</strong> matriculación.1410. Aproximadamente a las 14h30, la Sra. Guadalupe Castro Morales, la esposa <strong>de</strong> RaúlLucas Lucía, habría recibido una llamada telefónica <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el número <strong>de</strong> teléfono móvil <strong>de</strong>Manuel Ponce Rosas. Al contestar, una voz masculina le habría amenazado diciendo: “[…] estoles pasa por <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r indios”. El interlocutor habría colgado cuando la Sra. Castro Morales lehubiese pedido que pusiera a los hombres en libertad y que no les hiciese daño.1411. El mismo día Guadalupe Castro Morales habría acudido a la Oficina <strong>de</strong>l Fiscal <strong>de</strong>lDepartamento <strong>de</strong> Justicia <strong>de</strong>l Estado <strong>de</strong> Guerrero en Ayutla para <strong>de</strong>nunciar las <strong>de</strong>sapariciones.Según la información recibida, el personal presente se habría negado a abrir investigaciones ysólo habría establecido un antece<strong>de</strong>nte legal a través <strong>de</strong>l acto ministerial númeroALLE/SC/03/A/W015/2009. Junto con Margarita Martín <strong>de</strong> las Nieves, la esposa <strong>de</strong> ManuelPonce Rosas, Guadalupe Castro Morales también habría registrado una <strong>de</strong>nuncia por arrestosincomunicados en la Séptima Corte <strong>de</strong>l Distrito en Chilpancingo, Guerrero y habría pedido quese buscara a los <strong>de</strong>saparecidos en las instalaciones <strong>de</strong> la policía y <strong>de</strong> las fuerzas armadas.1412. Entre la tar<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>l 13 <strong>de</strong> febrero y el 14 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Castro Morales habríavisto a varios hombres <strong>de</strong>sconocidos pararse en la esquina frente a su casa en dos ocasiones.Debido al temor a que sus movimientos fuesen vigilados, habría tenido que abandonar su casatemporalmente.1413. En la madrugada <strong>de</strong>l jueves 19 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, Margarita Martín <strong>de</strong> las Nieves yGuadalupe Castro Morales habrían recibido una llamada don<strong>de</strong> al parecer se escuchaba la voz <strong>de</strong>Raúl Lucas Lucía siendo torturado. Las personas que habrían llamado habrían informado queestaban vigilando a la familia y les habrían amenazado con llevarse también a la hija <strong>de</strong> Raúl <strong>de</strong>15 años, si continuaban activos en la búsqueda <strong>de</strong> los Sres. Manuel Ponce Rosas y Raúl LucasLucía.1414. El viernes, 20 <strong>de</strong> febrero se habría realizado un operativo <strong>de</strong> búsqueda <strong>de</strong> las personas. Sehabrían encontrado los cuerpos enterrados a un metro <strong>de</strong> profundidad y en bolsas <strong>de</strong> plástico. Sehabrían podido i<strong>de</strong>ntificar los cuerpos en los que se habrían encontrado huellas <strong>de</strong> tortura a pesar<strong>de</strong> su estado <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>scomposición. En el caso <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Raúl Lucas, el cadáver habría presentado unorificio <strong>de</strong> bala en la cabeza, mientras que en el caso <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Manuel Ponce, su muerte podríahaber sido por traumatismo craneoencefálico. El Procurador <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> Justicia <strong>de</strong>l Estado <strong>de</strong>Guerrero, el Sr. Eduardo Murueta Urrutia, habría <strong>de</strong>clarado que los Sres. Raúl Lucas Lucia yManuel Ponce Rosas habían sido “levantados”, lo que podría distraer la investigación.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2301415. Anteriormente, Raúl Lucas Lucía habría sido víctima <strong>de</strong> diversas formas <strong>de</strong> acoso a causa<strong>de</strong> su trabajo <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>nuncia <strong>de</strong> violaciones <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos por parte <strong>de</strong> miembros <strong>de</strong>lEjército Mexicano, incluyendo allanamientos, <strong>de</strong>tenciones ilegales, e interrogatorios ilegales. El18 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2006, habría sido <strong>de</strong>tenido ilegalmente por miembros <strong>de</strong>l Ejército Mexicano. El15 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2007, habría sido víctima <strong>de</strong> una emboscada efectuada por individuos sini<strong>de</strong>ntificar que le causaron una herida casi mortal por arma <strong>de</strong> fuego en el cuello.1416. Se expresó temor que la presunta <strong>de</strong>saparición forzosa <strong>de</strong> los Sres. Manuel Ponce Rosas yRaúl Lucas Lucía estuviese relacionada con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s legítimas en la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, específicamente por su labor en la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los pueblosindígenas. Se expresó temor también por la seguridad <strong>de</strong> los familiares <strong>de</strong> los difuntos y <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en la región <strong>de</strong> Ayutla.Llamamiento urgente1417. El 20 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con los actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento y las amenazas <strong>de</strong>muerte contra la Sra. Lour<strong>de</strong>s Argelia Rodríguez Lucero, <strong>de</strong>fensora <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos,colaboradora <strong>de</strong>l Centro In<strong>de</strong>pendiente <strong>de</strong> Noticias y familiar <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensor <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos,miembro <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> la Montaña "Tlachinollan".1418. Lour<strong>de</strong>s Argelia Rodríguez Lucero, joven <strong>de</strong> 18 años, es estudiante <strong>de</strong> bachillerato en elColegio <strong>de</strong> Ciencias y Humanida<strong>de</strong>s plantel Sur, perteneciente a la Universidad NacionalAutónoma <strong>de</strong> México (UNAM), miembro <strong>de</strong>l Centro In<strong>de</strong>pendiente <strong>de</strong> Noticias, egresada <strong>de</strong> laEscuela <strong>de</strong> Promotores Juveniles <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos "Fray Francisco De VitoriaO.P." A.C y hermana <strong>de</strong> Prometeo Jorge Rodríguez Lucero (miembro <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> DerechosHumanos <strong>de</strong> la Montaña "Tlachinollan").1419. El Centro <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> la Montaña “Tlachinollan” se encuentra actualmentetramitando varios casos <strong>de</strong> violaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos. Uno <strong>de</strong> los más sonados fue el <strong>de</strong>los Sres. Raúl Lucas Lucía y Manuel Ponce Rosas, <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> laOrganización para el Futuro <strong>de</strong> los Pueblos Mixtecos (OFPM) en Ayutla, Guerrero, <strong>de</strong>tenidos<strong>de</strong>saparecidos el 13 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong>l año en curso y posteriormente asesinados extrajudicialmente.Dichos <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos fueron objeto <strong>de</strong> una comunicación <strong>de</strong> la RelatoraEspecial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, que envió una carta el 10 <strong>de</strong>marzo <strong>de</strong>l 2008.1420. Según la información recibida, el 9 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Rodríguez Lucero habríadirigido hacia la escuela, CCH Sur, caminando sobre Av. Canal <strong>de</strong> Chalco, cuando un hombre<strong>de</strong>sconocido le habría abrazado y le habría dicho, ‘No voltees’ y les habrían seguido caminando.Al pensar que le habría asaltado, la Sra. Rodríguez Lucero habría bajado la mano hacia elbolsillo para mostrarle su dinero, pero el <strong>de</strong>sconocido le habría inmovilizado la muñeca mientrasle habría dicho: ‘No nos gusta el trabajo que está haciendo tu hermanito en Guerrero, dile que lepare porque nos vamos a <strong>de</strong>squitar contigo y tu cuñada’. El hombre habría salido corriendo hacia<strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> la colonia. La Sra. Rodríguez Lucero le habría <strong>de</strong>scrito como un hombre <strong>de</strong> 1.70


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 231aproximadamente, <strong>de</strong>lgado, moreno, cabeza ancha y ojos medio rasgados, nariz recta. Vestíaplayera blanca, pantalón y chamarra <strong>de</strong> mezclilla; botas y corte tipo militar.”1421. La Sra. Lour<strong>de</strong>s Argelia Rodríguez Lucero habría sido ya blanco <strong>de</strong> amenazas y actos <strong>de</strong>hostigamiento. El 3 <strong>de</strong> marzo y el día 26 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009 le habrían seguido hombres<strong>de</strong>sconocidos en el curso <strong>de</strong> su día. El 3 <strong>de</strong> marzo, en la madrugada <strong>de</strong>l 3 <strong>de</strong> marzo; a las 4h34exactamente, le habría marcado tres veces <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> un número <strong>de</strong> teléfono <strong>de</strong>sconocido; y cuandola Sra. Rodríguez Lucero habría contestado, se habría colgado.1422. Des<strong>de</strong> el mes <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, habría fallada la comunicación <strong>de</strong>l teléfono <strong>de</strong> sudomicilio al hablar con su hermano, el Sr. Prometeo Jorge Rodríguez Lucero que trabajaactualmente en el Centro <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> la Montaña “Tlachinollan.” Él habríacomentado que al hablar, habría salido la grabación que dice que el teléfono está fuera <strong>de</strong>servicio; sin embargo, los otros miembros <strong>de</strong> la casa sí pue<strong>de</strong>n hablar por teléfono. El 8 <strong>de</strong> marzo,nuevamente se habría llamado <strong>de</strong>l mismo número a las 02h48 y al contestar se habría colgadonuevamente.1423. En visto <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido, se expresó temor que estos actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento,vigilancia y agresión contra la Sra. Lour<strong>de</strong>s Argelia Rodríguez Lucero podrían estar relacionadoscon las activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> su hermano, el Sr. Prometeo JorgeRodríguez Lucero. Se expresó preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> la Sra.Lour<strong>de</strong>s Argelia Rodríguez Lucero y los miembros y familiares <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> DerechosHumanos <strong>de</strong> la Montaña “Tlachinollan.”Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno1424. En una carta con fecha <strong>de</strong> 29 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Gobierno respondió a la comunicación.La carta proporcionó antece<strong>de</strong>ntes en relación con el caso y comunicó que la Sra. Lour<strong>de</strong>sArgelia Rodríguez Lucero hizo una <strong>de</strong>nuncia en la Fiscalía Desconcentrada <strong>de</strong> Investigación <strong>de</strong>la Delegación <strong>de</strong> Iztapalapa, Distrito Fe<strong>de</strong>ral (FDI) por lo que se integró la averiguación previanúmero FIZP/IZP8/T3/00715/09-03, por el <strong>de</strong>lito <strong>de</strong> amenazas en contra <strong>de</strong> quien resulteresponsable. Se señaló que el Estado mexicano estaba imposibilitado en aquel momento paracalificar los hechos referidos en las alegaciones vertidas en el llamamiento urgente <strong>de</strong>bido a quela averiguación iniciada para investigar esos hechos continúa abierta para su perfeccionamiento.1425. La Comisión Nacional <strong>de</strong> los Derechos Humanos informó que, el 20 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009,inició un expediente <strong>de</strong> queja 2009/1183, el cual se encuentra asignado para su trámite alPrograma <strong>de</strong> Agravios a Periodistas y Defensores Civiles <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos.1426. Se informó que, <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> la averiguación previa, se han <strong>de</strong>sahogado las siguientesdiligencias:• El 26 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, se recibió la <strong>de</strong>claración <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>nunciante Lour<strong>de</strong>s ArgeliaRodríguez Lucero.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 232• El 29 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, se giró citatorio para la comparecencia <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>nunciante conel fin <strong>de</strong> que ratificara su querella, ampliara su <strong>de</strong>claración y aportara datos necesarios <strong>de</strong>lagresor al perito en materia <strong>de</strong> retrato hablado. La diligencia no fue <strong>de</strong>sahogado <strong>de</strong>bido a lainasistencia <strong>de</strong> la agraviada.• El 4 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, se giró nuevo citatorio a la <strong>de</strong>nunciante y por segunda ocasiónno atendió al llamado.• Se giró oficio al Jefe <strong>de</strong> la Policía Judicial <strong>de</strong>l DF, solicitándole realice unainvestigación minuciosa en relación a los hechos <strong>de</strong>nunciados y resguar<strong>de</strong> la integridadfísica <strong>de</strong> Joven Rodríguez Lucero.1427. Se solicitó a los Relatores Especiales interesados conminen a la Sra. Rodríguez Lucero aque ratifique su querella ante la FDI para que con ello dicha Fiscalía podría investigar los hechosy en su caso imponer la sanción correspondiente a quien o quienes resulten responsables.1428. Con la finalidad <strong>de</strong> aten<strong>de</strong>r y resolver la situación que supuestamente enfrenta la Sra.Rodríguez Lucero, la FDI solicitó la intervención <strong>de</strong> la Subprocuraduría <strong>de</strong> Atención a Víctimas<strong>de</strong>l Delito y Servicios a la Comunidad <strong>de</strong> la PGJ DF, para que se le brin<strong>de</strong> las atenciones yservicios que requiera en su calidad <strong>de</strong> víctima <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>lito, y por otra parte, solicitó a la Jefe <strong>de</strong> laPolicía Judicial <strong>de</strong>l DF establezca comunicación con la <strong>de</strong>nunciante a efecto <strong>de</strong> brindarle laprotección que requiera.1429. En relación con la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong>l estado <strong>de</strong>Guerrero, se informó que, el 17 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2005, la Comisión Interamericana <strong>de</strong> DerechoHumanos solicitó al Estado mexicano la adopción <strong>de</strong> medidas cautelares para proteger la vida yla integridad personal <strong>de</strong> Obtilia Eugienio Manuel, Cuauhetémoc Rodríguez Ramírez (esposo),San Isabel y Kuala Rodríguez Eugenio (hijas) y Andrea Eugenio Manuel (hermana).1430. En una reunión <strong>de</strong> trabajo el 31 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2005, los beneficiarios acordaron en conjuntocon las autorida<strong>de</strong>s involucradas, las medidas y los mecanismos correspondientes para suimplementación. Adicionalmente, los beneficiarios <strong>de</strong> las medidas cuentan con elacompañamiento <strong>de</strong> Brigidas Internacionales <strong>de</strong> Paz (PBI). A<strong>de</strong>más, se informó que serealizaron 3 reuniones para el seguimiento <strong>de</strong> los acuerdos concertados entre las partes.1431. El 6 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2008, los representantes <strong>de</strong> los peticionarios enviaron un escrito a laCIDH informando sobre un supuesto incremento <strong>de</strong> las amenazas sufridas en contra <strong>de</strong> la Sra.Eugenio Manuel y sus familiares por la supuesta <strong>de</strong>tención arbitraria en contra <strong>de</strong> los Sres.Manuel Cruz Victoriano, Orlando Manzanarez Lorenzo, Raúl Hernán<strong>de</strong>z Abundio, NatalioOrtega y Romualdo Santiado Enedina, integrantes <strong>de</strong> la Organización <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo indígenaTlapaneco (OPIT), internos en el Centro Regional <strong>de</strong> Readaptación Social <strong>de</strong> Ayutla <strong>de</strong> losLibres, Guerrero (CERESO) y la emisión <strong>de</strong> ór<strong>de</strong>nes <strong>de</strong> aprehensión en contra <strong>de</strong> otrosintegrantes <strong>de</strong> la OPIT.1432. El 27 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la CIDH <strong>de</strong>terminó ampliar las medidas cautelares a favor <strong>de</strong> los5 indígenas tlapanecos internos en el CERESO.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2331433. El 18 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, se or<strong>de</strong>nó la inmediata libertad <strong>de</strong> Manuel Cruz Victoriano,Orlando Manzanarez Lorenzo, Natalio Ortega Cruz y Romualdo Santiago Enedina.1434. Con motivo <strong>de</strong> una <strong>de</strong>nuncia presentada por la Sra. Eugenio Manuel en relación con actos<strong>de</strong> hostigamiento y amenazas en su contra, la CDDH Gro abrió un expediente <strong>de</strong> queja y elmismo día, el Ministerio Público inició una averiguación previa por el <strong>de</strong>lito <strong>de</strong> amenazas enagravio <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Eugenio Manuel.1435. Con la finalidad <strong>de</strong> aten<strong>de</strong>r y resolver la situación que enfrentan la Sra. Eugenio Manuely los integrantes <strong>de</strong>l Centro “Tlachinollan”, el 24 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009 la CDEDH Gro solicitó a laPGJ Gro aplicar una medida cautelar.1436. El 26 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la medida cautelar fue aceptada por el PGJ Gro y solicitó alMinisterio Público agilizar las diligencias necesarias <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> la averiguación previa con elobjeto <strong>de</strong> evitar la impunidad, procurando la reparación <strong>de</strong>l daño.1437. El 9 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Corte Interamericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos (CoIDH) emitió unaresolución mediante la cual or<strong>de</strong>nó al Estado mexicano la adopción <strong>de</strong> medidas provisionales enrelación con las medidas solicitadas por la CIDH a favor <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Eugenio Manuel y familia,Inés Fernán<strong>de</strong>z Ortega y familias, 41 integrantes <strong>de</strong> la OPIT, 29 miembros <strong>de</strong>l centro“Tlachinollan” y familiares <strong>de</strong> Raúl Lucas Lucia y Manuel Ponce Rosas.1438. Se informó que, el Estado se ha abocado a explorar las mejores vías para laimplementación <strong>de</strong> dichas medidas, para ello, se han realizado diversas reuniones entre lasautorida<strong>de</strong>s involucradas, representantes <strong>de</strong> los beneficiarios y los peticionarios <strong>de</strong> las medidas ,en las que <strong>de</strong> manera concertada se acordaron las mejores alternativas para dar cumplimiento a la<strong>de</strong>cisión <strong>de</strong> la Corte.1439. Asimismo, se informó que el Estado informa <strong>de</strong> manera periódica las acciones y medidasadoptadas para salvaguardar la vida e integridad <strong>de</strong> las personas antes mencionadas, así comopara investigar las amenazas, hostigamiento que refieren haber sufrido.Llamamiento urgente1440. El 25 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y<strong>de</strong> expresión, y el Relator Especial sobre la tortura y otros tratos o penas crueles, inhumanos o<strong>de</strong>gradantes enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con el secuestro y tortura <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Marcelino Coache Verano ylas amenazas contra su hijo. El Sr. Marcelino Coache Verano es activista sindical y miembro <strong>de</strong>la Asamblea Popular <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo <strong>de</strong> Oaxaca (APPO), una organización que promueve los<strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los docentes en Oaxaca y lucha contra la corrupción.1441. Según la información recibida, el 4 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, tres hombres, uno <strong>de</strong> ellos vestidocon un uniforme azul, habrían interceptado al Sr. Coache en la calle justo <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> abandonaruna reunión <strong>de</strong>l sindicato. Los hombres lo <strong>de</strong>tuvieron y le mostraron, durante un instante, unaplaca. Luego introdujeron al Sr. Coache en una furgoneta cercana, lo ataron y le pusieron unabolsa sobre la cabeza para que no pudiera ver a dón<strong>de</strong> lo llevaban. Al cabo <strong>de</strong> dos horas, entraron


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 234a un edificio y lo obligaron a quitarse la ropa. Sus captores lo interrogaron sobre sus finanzas ysu familia, aunque no se pidió rescate por su liberación.1442. Los hombres le propinaron puñetazos, lo golpearon repetidamente con la culata <strong>de</strong> unarma y lo quemaron con cigarrillos en los pezones y los genitales. Unas horas <strong>de</strong>spués, el Sr.Coache escuchó que un hombre entró a la habitación y dijo: “éste es uno <strong>de</strong> los revoltosos”. Enrespuesta, otro contestó: “entonces lo matamos”, y amartilló un arma. Después introdujo al Sr.Coache a un vehículo y se lo llevó. El Sr. Coache fue puesto en libertad en el municipio <strong>de</strong>Zaachila, a unos 30 km <strong>de</strong> la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Oaxaca, hacia las tres y media <strong>de</strong> la madrugada <strong>de</strong>l 5 <strong>de</strong>marzo. Logró que un taxi lo llevara directamente a un hospital para recibir atención médica.1443. Ese mismo día, el Sr. Coache convocó una conferencia <strong>de</strong> prensa en la que anunció queno presentaría una <strong>de</strong>nuncia ante el ministerio público, porque creía que las autorida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>lestado podrían estar implicadas en su secuestro. Una organización local <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanosenvío los <strong>de</strong>talles <strong>de</strong> su caso a la Comisión Interamericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos (CIDH) parasolicitar medidas cautelares.1444. El 20 <strong>de</strong> marzo, el hijo <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Coache fue amenazado por un grupo <strong>de</strong> 12 hombres<strong>de</strong>sconocidos cerca <strong>de</strong> su casa. Le gritaron por su apellido, “Coache.” El intentó escapar <strong>de</strong> loshombres pero lo siguieron en una furgoneta blanco <strong>de</strong> don<strong>de</strong> le gritaban: “Se lo advertimos a tupadre, ya sabemos dón<strong>de</strong> estas. A ti te estamos hablando…” Los hombres en la furgoneta leseguían hasta que llegó a un sitio <strong>de</strong> tiendas lleno <strong>de</strong> gente.1445. El Sr. Coache ya había sufrido inci<strong>de</strong>ntes graves anteriormente, incluidas amenazas yagresiones físicas. En agosto <strong>de</strong> 2008, su hijo recibió una llamada telefónica en la queamenazaban la integridad física <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Coache. En enero <strong>de</strong> 2008, un hombre trató <strong>de</strong>apuñalarlo en el abdomen cuando salía <strong>de</strong> su automóvil, pero sólo le causó una herida superficial.A<strong>de</strong>más en agosto <strong>de</strong> 2007, un policía presuntamente lo golpeó con un arma y le apretó la caracontra el suelo mientras le <strong>de</strong>cía: “ya párale <strong>de</strong> revoltoso”.1446. En diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2006, Marcelino Coache fue <strong>de</strong>tenido junto con otros dirigentes <strong>de</strong> laAPPO y acusado <strong>de</strong> incendio provocado, sedición y resistencia a la <strong>de</strong>tención. Fue absuelto traspasar más <strong>de</strong> seis meses en prisión.1447. En visto <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido se expresó preocupación por la integridad física ypsicológica <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Coache y su familia. Se expresó temor que el secuestro y maltrato sufridospor el Sr. Coache y las acciones <strong>de</strong> intimidación, persecución y violencia perpetradas contra élpodrían estar relacionadas con el trabajo <strong>de</strong> la APPO <strong>de</strong> promover los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los docentesen Oaxaca y luchar contra la corrupción <strong>de</strong> las autorida<strong>de</strong>s fe<strong>de</strong>rales.Llamamiento urgente1448. El 3 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinióny <strong>de</strong> expresión enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento y amenazas contra integrantes <strong>de</strong>lCentro <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos La Montaña “Tlachinollan” y las organizaciones indígenas alas que acompañan, como la Organización <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo Indígena Mephaa (OPIM), en


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 235particular su presi<strong>de</strong>nta, la Sra. Obtilia Eugenio y la Organización para el Futuro <strong>de</strong> losPueblos Mixtecos (OFPM) <strong>de</strong> Ayutla <strong>de</strong> los Libres en el Estado <strong>de</strong> Guerrero.1449. El Centro Tlachinollan ofrece noticias y reportes <strong>de</strong> casos <strong>de</strong> abusos en esta región <strong>de</strong>lEstado <strong>de</strong> Guerrero. La OPIM <strong>de</strong>nuncia violaciones a los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos por parte <strong>de</strong>autorida<strong>de</strong>s civiles y militares en el Municipio Ayutla <strong>de</strong> los Libres. El 13 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009,los Sres. Raúl Lucas y Manuel Ponce, presi<strong>de</strong>nte y secretario <strong>de</strong> la OPIM, fueron secuestrados,torturados y asesinados. Sus cuerpos fueron encontrados el día 20 <strong>de</strong> febrero.1450. La OPIM y la Sra. Obtilia Eugenio han sido objeto <strong>de</strong> varias comunicaciones <strong>de</strong> laRelatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, Sra. MargaretSekaggya, quien envió una carta el 10 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong>l 2009 sobre el asesinato <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensoresindígenas Sres. Raúl Lucas y Manuel Ponce. El 28 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2008, 4 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2005 y 16<strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2005, su pre<strong>de</strong>cesora envió una carta sobre amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte contra la Sra.Obtilia Eugenio.1451. Según la nueva información recibida, el 13 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, el mismo día <strong>de</strong> la<strong>de</strong>tención <strong>de</strong> los señores Raúl Lucas y Manuel Ponce, la Sra. Obtilia Eugenio habría recibido unallamada amenazante en las oficinas <strong>de</strong> su organización ubicadas en la cabecera municipal <strong>de</strong>Ayutla <strong>de</strong> los Libres, en la cual una voz masculina le habría dicho “Ahora sigues tú y sigues tú,sabemos que te vas a mover mañana, pero no creas que te vas a ir, […], y no te vamos a dartiempo <strong>de</strong> que te vayas”. Luego <strong>de</strong> esta llamada amenazante, la Sra. Obtilia Eugenio habría<strong>de</strong>cidido ausentarse <strong>de</strong> la ciudad y no regresar hasta el 14 <strong>de</strong> marzo siguiente.1452. El 14 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, al llegar nuevamente a las instalaciones <strong>de</strong> su oficina, a las15h40, habría recibido otra llamada en la cual una voz masculina le habría dicho “Bueno, yaestás <strong>de</strong> nuevo en el centro?”A lo que Obtilia habría solicitado que la persona se i<strong>de</strong>ntificara y ledijera a quién quería dirigirse. La persona en el teléfono le habría contestado “Soy PatricioRamírez, ya regresaste <strong>de</strong> nuevo, qué hay en Ayutla?” Y ante la insistencia <strong>de</strong> saber con quiénquería hablar, la voz le habría respondido “contigo, tu eres Obtilia” por lo que ella asustadacolgó el teléfono. A los pocos minutos nuevamente habría vuelto a recibir una llamada en la cualla misma voz le habría dicho “Soy Patricio y para que me conozcas quién soy yo, si no te <strong>de</strong>jastranquila te va a pesar.”1453. Ante estos hechos, la Sr. Obtilia habría <strong>de</strong>cidido ir a su comunidad <strong>de</strong> origen, Barranca<strong>de</strong> Guadalupe, y verificar que su familia se encontraba bien. Ahí le habría informado que <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong>el 12 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, una persona conocida como informante <strong>de</strong>l Ejército, habría estado enuna comunidad cercana a Barranca <strong>de</strong> Guadalupe que hospeda militares.1454. El 17 <strong>de</strong> marzo, a las 15h00, la Sra. Obtilia Eugenio habría regresado a la ciudad <strong>de</strong>Ayutla, y se dirigió nuevamente a las oficinas <strong>de</strong> su organización. A los pocos minutos, a las15h21, habría recibido un mensaje <strong>de</strong> texto amenazante en su teléfono celular y a las 16h20habría recibido un segundo mensaje que habría dicho “Hola vieja […] mando yo te damosquince días para que pienses si no te pasara igual que Raúl [Lucas Lucía]. Nosotros estamosprotegido hacia el fe<strong>de</strong>ral y al gobernador y procurador igual que los presi<strong>de</strong>ntes municipal estáncon nosotros […] Tú te crees que eres muy famosa a nivel internacional dirán que no te atraviesala bala crees te protege <strong>de</strong> ser <strong>de</strong>fensora <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>recho humano.”A las 17h55 la Sra. Obtilia Eugeniohabría recibido un tercer mensaje amenazando al centro Tlachinollan.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2361455. El 20 <strong>de</strong> marzo, cuando la señora Obtilia se encontraba en su domicilio preparándosepara salir <strong>de</strong> viaje a la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Chilpancingo en compañía <strong>de</strong> miembros <strong>de</strong> la organizaciónTlachinollan, recibió, a las 12h51 otro mensaje que habría dicho “Sabemo [sic.] cuál es tucamino […] ya sabemo que ahora saldrás <strong>de</strong> tu casa que tienes miedo […].” Una vez que losintegrantes <strong>de</strong>l CDH Tlachinollan habrían recogido a Obtilia y viajado en una camioneta por lacarretera Ayutla-Chilpancingo, habrían sido seguidos <strong>de</strong> manera intimidatoria por tres<strong>de</strong>sconocidos. Cuando cruzaron por la comunidad <strong>de</strong> Tecoanapa habrían escuchados<strong>de</strong>tonaciones <strong>de</strong> arma <strong>de</strong> fuego, al parecer hechas al aire.1456. A<strong>de</strong>más se informó que la madre <strong>de</strong>l Coordinador Jurídico <strong>de</strong> Tlachinollan habría sidoamenazada que si su hijo volvía a presentarse en la comunidad <strong>de</strong> Ayutla, sería asesinado.Asimismo, cuando el equipo <strong>de</strong> abogados se presentó en los Juzgados ubicados en la ciudad <strong>de</strong>Ayutla (<strong>de</strong>bido a la representación legal <strong>de</strong> cinco integrantes <strong>de</strong> la OPIM) habrían notado unaconstante vigilancia por parte <strong>de</strong> automóviles sin placas y <strong>de</strong> sujetos vestidos <strong>de</strong> civil. Ante elclima <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento, la organización habría <strong>de</strong>cidido cerrar temporalmente las oficinas quetienen en esa comunidad.1457. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido, se expresó temor que las amenazas contra los integrantes<strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos La Montaña “Tlachinollan” y las organizaciones indígenas alas que acompañan, como la Organización <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo Indígena Mephaa (OPIM), en particular laSra. Obtilia Eugenio, podrían estar relacionadas con su trabajo legítimo en la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, específicamente <strong>de</strong> los indígenas <strong>de</strong>l Estado <strong>de</strong> Guerrero. También seexpresó preocupación que los integrantes <strong>de</strong> la OPIM han sido amenazados durante varios añossin que se haya procesado o con<strong>de</strong>nado a los responsables <strong>de</strong> dichas amenazas. Se expresópreocupación por la seguridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en elEstado <strong>de</strong> Guerrero.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno1458. En una carta con fecha 3 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Gobierno <strong>de</strong> México respondió a lacomunicación. Según dicha carta, el 17 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2005, la Comisión Interamericana <strong>de</strong>Derechos Humanos solicitó al Estado mexicano la adopción <strong>de</strong> medidas cautelares para protegerla vida y la integridad personal <strong>de</strong> Obtilia Eugenio Manuel, su esposo, Cuauhtémoc RodríguezRamírez, su hija Kuala Rodríguez Eugenio y su hermana, Andrea Eugenio Manuel.1459. Se informó que, con el fin <strong>de</strong> acordar <strong>de</strong> manera conjunta con los peticionarios lasmedidas que adoptarían, el 31 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2005 se celebró la primera reunión <strong>de</strong> trabajo con laparticipación <strong>de</strong> las autorida<strong>de</strong>s involucradas, los beneficiarios y sus representantes.1460. Se comunicó que los beneficiarios acordaron en conjunto con las autorida<strong>de</strong>sinvolucradas, las medidas y los mecanismos correspondientes para su implementación, a saber:• Sistema <strong>de</strong> luces sensoriales en el exterior <strong>de</strong>l domicilio <strong>de</strong> Obtilia Eugenio Manuel,así como un interfón con monitor.• Rondines en la casa <strong>de</strong> Obtilia Eugenio Manuel, por parte <strong>de</strong> elementos <strong>de</strong> laSecretaría <strong>de</strong> Seguridad Pública Fe<strong>de</strong>ral y la Secretaría <strong>de</strong> Seguridad Pública <strong>de</strong>l estado <strong>de</strong>Guerrero.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 237• Investigación por parte <strong>de</strong> la Procuraduría <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> Justicia <strong>de</strong>l estado <strong>de</strong> Guerrero<strong>de</strong> los hechos <strong>de</strong>nunciados.1461. Asimismo, los beneficiarios <strong>de</strong> las medidas cuentan con el acompañamiento <strong>de</strong> BrigadasInternacionales <strong>de</strong> Paz (PBI).1462. Se comunicó también que, el 6 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2008, los representantes <strong>de</strong> los peticionariosenviaron un escrito a la CIDH informando sobre un supuesto incremento <strong>de</strong> las amenazassufridas en contra <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Eugenio Manuel y sus familiares.1463. En relación con los hechos referidos en las alegaciones vertidas en el llamamientourgente, se informó que existe una <strong>de</strong>nuncia presentada por la Sra. Eugenio Manuel y porrepresentantes <strong>de</strong>l Centro Tlachinollan ante la Comisión <strong>de</strong> Defensa <strong>de</strong> los Derechos Humanos<strong>de</strong>l Estado <strong>de</strong> Guerrero (CDDH Gro) quienes a su parecer, han sido víctima <strong>de</strong> amenazas, actos<strong>de</strong> hostigamiento y persecuciones por sujetos <strong>de</strong>sconocidos entre los meses <strong>de</strong> febrero y marzo<strong>de</strong> 2009.1464. Asimismo, se informó que, el 20 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la CDDH Gro abrió un expediente <strong>de</strong>queja y en atención a la gravedad <strong>de</strong> los supuestos hechos, los hizo <strong>de</strong>l conocimiento alMinisterio Público adscrito a la CDDH Gro. Ese mismo día, Ministerio Público inició unaaveriguación previa por el <strong>de</strong>lito <strong>de</strong> amenazas en agravio <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Eugenio Manuel.1465. Se comunicó que la queja y la averiguación previa continúan en integración, por lo que elgobierno mexicano estaba imposibilitado en el momento en el que se envió la carta para calificarlos hechos referidos en las alegaciones vertidas en el llamamiento urgente.1466. Dentro <strong>de</strong> la averiguación previa integrada en agravio <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Eugenio Manuel se han<strong>de</strong>sahogado las siguientes diligencias:• El 20 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Eugenio Manuel ratificó su escrito <strong>de</strong> querella antes elMinisterio Público adscrito a la CDDH Gro.• Fe ministerial <strong>de</strong>l teléfono celular propiedad <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Eugenio Manuel.• Solicitud dirigida al Director <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> la Secretaría <strong>de</strong> Comunicaciones yTransportes <strong>de</strong>l estado <strong>de</strong> Guerrero para que proporcione la siguiente información:domicilio <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Eugenio Manuel, propietaria <strong>de</strong>l teléfono celular, registros <strong>de</strong> llamadasy <strong>de</strong> mensajes <strong>de</strong>l teléfono móvil propiedad <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Eugenio Manuel, realizadas d e17 <strong>de</strong>marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009 a la fecha, antece<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong> propiedad <strong>de</strong>l teléfono móvil que incluya elnombre y domicilio <strong>de</strong> otros usuarios y memorias utilizadas.• Solicitud dirigida al Director <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> Recaudación <strong>de</strong>l estado <strong>de</strong> Guerrero paraque proporcione el nombre y domicilio <strong>de</strong>l propietario <strong>de</strong>l vehículo que supuestamentesiguió a la Sra. Eugenio Manuel y a los integrantes <strong>de</strong>l Centro Tlachinollan, cuando sedirigían a Chilpancingo, Guerrero.• Solicitud dirigida al Director <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la Policía Ministerial <strong>de</strong> la PGJ Gro, paraque policías ministeriales realicen la búsqueda y aseguramiento <strong>de</strong>l vehículo.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 238• Escrito <strong>de</strong> 7 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009 <strong>de</strong> la Coordinadora <strong>de</strong>l Área Jurídica <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong>Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> la Montaña “Tlachinollan” justificando la inasistencia <strong>de</strong> la Sra.Eugenio Manuel.• Ampliación <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>claración <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Eugenio Manuel <strong>de</strong> 16 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, asistidapor una perito psicóloga y <strong>de</strong> un representante <strong>de</strong>l Alto Comisionado <strong>de</strong> las NacionesUnidas en México. La diligencia fue suspendida a solicitud <strong>de</strong> la agraviada al argumentarcuestiones <strong>de</strong> salud.1467. Se señaló que, con la finalidad <strong>de</strong> aten<strong>de</strong>r y resolver la situación que enfrentan la Sra.Eugenio Manuel y los integrantes <strong>de</strong>l Centro Tlachinollan, el 24 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009 la CDEDHGro solicitó a la PGJ Gro aplicar la siguiente medida cautelar:“Única- Atendiendo al principio <strong>de</strong>equidad y justicia, se le solicita actuar sin dilación alguna y girar sus instrucciones a quiencorresponda, a efecto <strong>de</strong> que se agilice y se continué con la integración <strong>de</strong> las diligenciasnecesarias <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> la averiguación previa GROISCIO33/2009, con el objeto <strong>de</strong> esclarecer loshechos, y se ejerciten las acciones legales ante el juez correspondiente, para evitar la impunidad,procurando la reparación <strong>de</strong>l daño, como medidas para hacer efectivo el <strong>de</strong>recho fundamental <strong>de</strong>acceso a la justicia <strong>de</strong> la C. Obtilia Eugenio Manuel.”1468. El 9 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la CIDH emitió una resolución mediante la cual or<strong>de</strong>nó al Estadomexicano la adopción <strong>de</strong> medidas provisionales en relación con las medidas solicitadas por laCIDH a favor <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Eugenio Manuel y familia, 29 miembros <strong>de</strong> Tlachinollan y otros.1469. El 16 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, se llevó a cabo la primera reunión entre los beneficiarios <strong>de</strong> lasmedidas y las autorida<strong>de</strong>s encargadas <strong>de</strong> la implementación <strong>de</strong> las mismas. Se acordó que elEstado convocaría a una segunda reunión para dar respuesta puntual a las propuestas <strong>de</strong> medidas<strong>de</strong> protección que los beneficiarios presentaron por escrito durante la citada reunión.1470. Para el otorgamiento <strong>de</strong> las medidas <strong>de</strong> protección, el Estado se ha abocado a explorar lasmejores vías para la implementación <strong>de</strong> dichas medidas, parar ello, se han realizado diversasreuniones entre las autorida<strong>de</strong>s involucradas, representantes <strong>de</strong> los beneficiarios y lospeticionarios <strong>de</strong> las medidas, en las que <strong>de</strong> manera concertada se acordaron las mejoresalternativas para dar cumplimiento a la <strong>de</strong>cisión <strong>de</strong> la Corte.Llamamiento urgente1471. El 24 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte-Relatora <strong>de</strong>l Grupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre la DetenciónArbitraria, el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong>expresión, el Relator Especial sobre la in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> magistrados y abogados y el RelatorEspecial sobre la tortura y otros tratos o penas crueles, inhumanos o <strong>de</strong>gradantes, enviaron unllamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida enrelación con la información siguiente.1472. De conformidad con las informaciones recibidas, el 7 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, cinco hombresfueron arrestados en Tuxtla Gutiérrez, capital <strong>de</strong>l Estado <strong>de</strong> Chiapas, tras organizar una protestaante la prisión local don<strong>de</strong> se encuentran recluidos familiares suyos, quienes pertenecen a unaorganización <strong>de</strong> granjeros conocida como MOCRI-CNPA-MN. Tras su arresto, estas cinco


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 239personas permanecieron recluidas en régimen <strong>de</strong> incomunicación durante dos días y fuerontrasladadas luego a un hotel en <strong>de</strong>suso <strong>de</strong>l Municipio <strong>de</strong> Chiapas <strong>de</strong> Corzo llamado “QuintaPitiquito”, que la Procuraduría <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> Chiapas utiliza como centro <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tención.1473. Se informó que uno <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>tenidos, el Sr. Erick Bautista Gómez, recibió repetidosgolpes <strong>de</strong> puño en el estómago, bofetadas y tiradas <strong>de</strong> cabello. Fue amenazado que a su hermanale suce<strong>de</strong>ría “algo <strong>de</strong>sagradable” si él no colaboraba.1474. Se informó asimismo que el 14 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, seis hombres <strong>de</strong> la comunidad indígenaTzeltal <strong>de</strong> San Sebastián Bachajón, Municipio <strong>de</strong> Chilón, fueron <strong>de</strong>tenidos mientras realizabanalgunas compras en la localidad <strong>de</strong> Ocosingo. Estas seis personas fueron también conducidas a la“Quinta Pitiquito”. Se informó que habrían sido torturados por los policías que les <strong>de</strong>tuvieron, ytienen marcas visibles <strong>de</strong> golpes. Una vez <strong>de</strong>tenidos, habrían sido obligados a firmar<strong>de</strong>claraciones que no comprendían, pues su conocimiento <strong>de</strong>l castellano es limitado. Pese a queestaba presente un intérprete, éste no hablaba tzeltal.1475. Se informó por último que ninguna <strong>de</strong> estas once personas ha sido formalmente acusaday que permanecen <strong>de</strong>tenidos sin cargos en un centro <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tención no oficial. Tienen un accesorestringido a abogados y familiares.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno1476. En una carta fechada el primero <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Gobierno <strong>de</strong> México respondióa la comunicación. Según la carta, los hechos presentados en la comunicación fueronparcialmente ciertos.1477. De acuerdo con la información proporcionada por la Fiscalía Especial, los Sres. EricBautista Gómez, Pedro López Gómez, Genero Gómez Gómez, Ramiro Hernán<strong>de</strong>z Gñomez,Flemón Ruiz Sánchez y Mar<strong>de</strong>n Ruiz Gómez, efectivamente fueron <strong>de</strong>tenidos el 7 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong>l2009, por elementos <strong>de</strong> la Policía Ministerial <strong>de</strong> la PGJ Chis con la finalidad <strong>de</strong> que rindieron su<strong>de</strong>claración ministerial en relación con el asesinato <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Martha Gómez Pérez y un ataquecontra los Sres Manolo Molina Navarro, Esteban López García y Francisco Oseguera Gutiérrez.1478. Se informó que la <strong>de</strong>tención obe<strong>de</strong>ció a la ejecución <strong>de</strong> una or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> búsqueda,localización y presentación <strong>de</strong>l 23 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009. De manera inmediata fueron puestos adisposición <strong>de</strong> la autoridad ministerial por su probable participación en la comisión <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>litos<strong>de</strong> homicidio calificado y lesiones calificadas.1479. Se informó que, <strong>de</strong>bido a que el Fiscal Especial requería <strong>de</strong> mayores elementos paracomprobar la presunta responsabilidad <strong>de</strong> los inculpados y por consi<strong>de</strong>rar que existía el temorfundado <strong>de</strong> que se ausentaran o se ocultaran antes <strong>de</strong> que las investigaciones concluyeran,solicitó al Juez especializado en medidas cautelares <strong>de</strong>l estado <strong>de</strong> Chiapas obsequiara la medidaprecuatoria <strong>de</strong> arraigo, misma que fue concedida por un término <strong>de</strong> 20 días naturales en la“Quinta Pitiquitos” ubicada en la carretera Tuxtla, Chapa <strong>de</strong> Corzo, Chiapas.1480. Asimismo se informó que los inculpados fueron visitados por sus familiares y en todomomento estuvieron acompañados <strong>de</strong> un <strong>de</strong>fensor social adscrito al Tribunal <strong>de</strong>l Justicia <strong>de</strong>lestado, permitiéndose-les tener acceso a la averiguación previa antes <strong>de</strong> que rindieran su


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 240<strong>de</strong>claración ministerial, así como mantener <strong>de</strong> manera personal y privada una entrevista con elabogado <strong>de</strong>fensor, asegurando una <strong>de</strong>fensa a<strong>de</strong>cuada a sus intereses.1481. Según la carta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno, el 7 <strong>de</strong> abril se emitieron los certificados <strong>de</strong> los exámenesmédicos practicados a los seis hombres <strong>de</strong>tenidos por un médico legista <strong>de</strong> la Dirección <strong>de</strong>Servicios <strong>de</strong> Técnica Forense y Criminalística <strong>de</strong> la PGJ Chis.1482. La carta proporcionó información en relación con las investigaciones iniciadas enrelación con el asesinato <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Martha Gómez Pérez y se informó que, <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> varias días<strong>de</strong> investigaciones, el 30 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Fiscalía Especial solicitó el levantamiento <strong>de</strong>larraigo <strong>de</strong> todos los inculpables con la excepción <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Bautista Gómez. Los otros cinco<strong>de</strong>tenidos fueron liberados. La Fiscalía ejercitó acción penal en contra <strong>de</strong> Eric Bautista Gómezpor su probable responsabilidad en el homicidio. El inculpable fue trasladado a las instalaciones<strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Readaptación Social no. 14 “El Amate”, quedando sujeto al proceso penal277/2009 en el Juzgado Primero <strong>de</strong>l Ramo Penal <strong>de</strong>l Distrito Judicial <strong>de</strong> Tuxtla Gutiérrez,Chiapas. El proceso penal actualmente se encuentra en etapa <strong>de</strong> instrucción.1483. En relación con el segundo grupo <strong>de</strong> inculpados, se informó que el 13 <strong>de</strong> abril 2009, el Sr.Jerónimo Gómez Saragos fue <strong>de</strong>tenido por robo. Se informó que al hacerle una revisión corporalfue encontrado un teléfono celular, propiedad <strong>de</strong> otra persona.1484. Se informó que el Fiscal Especial solicitó la intervención <strong>de</strong> un perito médico legista paraque dictaminara la integridad física <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Gómez Saragos. Asimismo, se informó que le fuetomada su <strong>de</strong>claración ministerial con la asistencia <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>fensor social y un traductor en lenguastzolizil y tzeltal.1485. Según la carta, <strong>de</strong> los elementos contenidos en la <strong>de</strong>claración <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Gómez Saragos, el14 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, 5 otros hombres fueron <strong>de</strong>tenidos en el municipio <strong>de</strong> Chilón, Chiapas enrelación con una investigación por el <strong>de</strong>lito <strong>de</strong> robo <strong>de</strong> una cámara fotográfica y <strong>de</strong> un teléfonocelular. El 17 y 19 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 1009, elementos <strong>de</strong> la Policía Ministerial pusieron a disposición<strong>de</strong>l Fiscal Especial 2 otros hombres inculpados con motivo <strong>de</strong> la ejecución <strong>de</strong> una or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong>búsqueda, localización y presentación fundada y motivada.1486. Se comunicó que la <strong>de</strong>tención obe<strong>de</strong>ció a la ejecución <strong>de</strong> una or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> búsqueda,localización y presentación y que, <strong>de</strong> manera inmediata, los <strong>de</strong>tenidos fueron puestos adisposición <strong>de</strong> la autoridad ministerial por su probable participación en la comisión <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>litos<strong>de</strong> robo con violencia y <strong>de</strong>lincuencia organizada. Se añadió que les fue tomada su <strong>de</strong>claracióncon la asistencia <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>fensor social y un traductor en lenguas tzolizil y tzeltal.1487. El 18 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Cuarto Visitador <strong>de</strong> la Comisión Nacional <strong>de</strong> los DerechosHumanos (CNDH), acompañado <strong>de</strong> un médico <strong>de</strong> la citada institución, se trasladaron a “QuintaPitiquitos” y visitaron a los hombres <strong>de</strong>tenidos citados para documentar su <strong>de</strong>tención, ofrecerlesasesoría, recibir su queja y certificar su estado <strong>de</strong> salud. Los hombres fueron examinadosmédicamente y entrevistados en privado, y al final <strong>de</strong> la entrevista manifestaron que no era su<strong>de</strong>seo presentar una queja. Los certificados médicos concluyen que los hombres se encontraronsanos y sin huellas <strong>de</strong> lesiones externas recientes visibles.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2411488. El 20 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Fiscal Especial solicitó y obtuvo <strong>de</strong>l juez especializado enmedidas cautelares <strong>de</strong>l estado <strong>de</strong> Chiapas una or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> arraigo en contra <strong>de</strong> todos los inculpados,en razón <strong>de</strong> que se presumía fundamente su participación en <strong>de</strong>litos <strong>de</strong> robo con violencia y<strong>de</strong>lincuencia organizada. El juez concedió la solicitud por el término <strong>de</strong> 40 días en “QuintaPitiquitos”.1489. Los inculpados fueron visitados por sus familiares y en todo momento estuvieronacompañados <strong>de</strong> un <strong>de</strong>fensor social adscrito al Tribunal <strong>de</strong> Justicia <strong>de</strong>l estado. Asimismo se leshizo <strong>de</strong> su conocimiento <strong>de</strong> sus garantías judiciales como lo es el <strong>de</strong> tener conocimiento <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>litos que se les acusaban, y otras provisiones <strong>de</strong> las garantías procesales.1490. Se informó que, el 30 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Fiscal Especial ejercitó acción penal en contra<strong>de</strong> los ochos hombres <strong>de</strong>tenidos por su probable responsabilidad <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>litos citados. Losinculpables fueron trasladados a las instalaciones <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Readaptación Social número 14“El Amate”, quedando sujetos al proceso penal en el Juzgado Primero <strong>de</strong>l Ramo Penal <strong>de</strong>lDistrito Judicial <strong>de</strong> Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas. El proceso penal actualmente se encuentra enetapa <strong>de</strong> instrucción.Llamamiento urgente1491. El 27 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con el intento <strong>de</strong> asesinato y amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte contra losSres. Fernando Ruiz Canales, Mario Alberto Ramírez Hurtado e Isaac Olmedo García.1492. Dichas personas trabajan en favor <strong>de</strong> los familiares <strong>de</strong> secuestrados presuntamente pormiembros <strong>de</strong> las fuerzas armadas, y en particular, <strong>de</strong>l secuestro y asesinato <strong>de</strong>l joven FernandoMartí, <strong>de</strong> 14 años <strong>de</strong> edad.1493. El Sr. Fernando Ruíz Canales ha sido ya objeto <strong>de</strong> una comunicación <strong>de</strong> la entoncesRepresentante Especial <strong>de</strong>l Secretario <strong>General</strong> sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos, quien envió una comunicación al Gobierno <strong>de</strong> su Excelencia el 22 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2008.1494. Según la nueva información recibida, el 19 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las14:00 horas, los Sres. Fernando Ruiz Canales, Mario Alberto Ramírez Hurtado e Isaac OlmedoGarcía se encontraban al interior <strong>de</strong>l vehículo <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Ruiz Canales estacionado en la CiudadUniversitaria <strong>de</strong>l Distrito Fe<strong>de</strong>ral, l D.F. Ciudad <strong>de</strong> México, cuando otro vehículo, marca Neón,<strong>de</strong> color azul marino y sin placas <strong>de</strong> matrícula, se les acercó. Al interior <strong>de</strong>l mismo se encontrabaun individuo portando un uniforme estilo comando, color azul marino, con la ban<strong>de</strong>ra <strong>de</strong> losEstados Unidos Mexicanos como brazalete y la inscripción AFI (Agencia Fe<strong>de</strong>ral <strong>de</strong>Investigación) en el pecho, quien les encañonó. El Sr. Ruiz Canales empujó la puerta con elobjeto <strong>de</strong> golpear el brazo <strong>de</strong> este individuo y hacer caer la pistola. Los agresores se alejaron <strong>de</strong>inmediato.1495. El 18 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, estas mismas tres personas se percataron <strong>de</strong> que eran seguidas,<strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> las 8.00 horas, por una camioneta <strong>de</strong> color blanco en la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Cuernavaca. Regresaronal Distrito Fe<strong>de</strong>ral a las 21.00 horas. Encontraron mensajes con una canción <strong>de</strong> letra <strong>de</strong> contenidoamenazante: “Otro muerto, otro muerto, otro muerto, qué más da, si está muerto que lo entierren


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 242y ya está. Otro muerto pero no es sin ton ni son, <strong>de</strong> momento se acabó la discusión. Otro muertopero qué bonitos son, calladitos sin querer llevar razón. Otro muerto pero tiene su por qué, algoha hecho y si no pregúntale”.1496. Estos mensajes se repitieron el 16 <strong>de</strong> abril, con la misma canción y provenientes <strong>de</strong>lmismo número. Al día siguiente, se percataron que eran fotografiados <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> la camioneta <strong>de</strong>color blanco antes mencionada, por las mismas personas que los estuvieron siguiendo el 2, 3 y 6<strong>de</strong> abril. Se cree que esta fue la camioneta utilizada en el atentado contra el Sr. Ruíz Canales quetuvo lugar el 14 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, cuando el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>l CLDH fue víctima <strong>de</strong> disparosmientras caminaba en el Distrito Fe<strong>de</strong>ral por el viejo camino a Xochimilco.1497. El 15 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, estas personas recibieron nuevas amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte: Una vozmasculina les preguntaba: “¿Cuánto les está pagando Martí para que la hagan <strong>de</strong> sus perros?”Acto seguido expresó en forma repetida “Se van a morir [sic.] perros. Se van a morir”. Lallamada provino <strong>de</strong>l mismo número telefónico que las anteriores amenazas. El Sr. OlmedoGarcía recibió la llamada a las 23:08 horas y el Sr. Ramírez sobre las 23:30.1498. Se informó también que durante los días 2, 3 y 6 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, estas tres personasfueron seguidas por al menos cuatro individuos, <strong>de</strong> entre 30 y 35 años <strong>de</strong> edad, <strong>de</strong> complexión<strong>de</strong>lgada, piel morena y <strong>de</strong> aproximadamente unos 1.70 mts. <strong>de</strong> altura. Uno <strong>de</strong> éstos portababigote y era <strong>de</strong> apariencia algo más robusta. Como se ha señalado, el Sr. Ruíz Canales fue objeto<strong>de</strong> diversas amenazas y <strong>de</strong> un atentado contra su vida en noviembre y diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008.1499. En visto <strong>de</strong> lo expuesto, se expresó preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong>los Sres. Fernando Ruíz Canales, Mario Alberto Ramírez Hurtado e Isaac Olmedo García. Seexpresó temor que los hechos <strong>de</strong>scritos podrían estar directamente relacionados con su trabajo <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y en particular <strong>de</strong> la investigación <strong>de</strong>l caso <strong>de</strong>l menor <strong>de</strong> 14años Fernando Martí, hijo <strong>de</strong> un empresario mexicano secuestrado el 4 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2008 porhombres vestidos con el uniforme <strong>de</strong> la Agencia Fe<strong>de</strong>ral <strong>de</strong> Investigaciones (AFI) ysupuestamente vinculados con el grupo criminal <strong>de</strong>nominado la Banda <strong>de</strong> la Flor. FernandoMartí fue posteriormente asesinado y su cuerpo se encontró en el maletero <strong>de</strong> un vehículo el 1 <strong>de</strong>agosto <strong>de</strong> 2008. El 4 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, el Comandante <strong>de</strong> la Policía Judicial <strong>de</strong> Ciudad <strong>de</strong>México, Sr. José Luis Romero Ángel, fue <strong>de</strong>tenido junto con otros miembros <strong>de</strong> la fuerzapolicial y acusado <strong>de</strong>l secuestro <strong>de</strong> este menor. Des<strong>de</strong> 1998, Fernando Ruiz Canales ha venidoinvestigando a José Luis Romero Ángel por sus vínculos con secuestros ocurridos en México.Según los informes recibidos, él mismo fue secuestrado el 15 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2003, por José LuisRomero Ángel en un intento <strong>de</strong> obligarle a abandonar sus investigaciones contra él. Tras la<strong>de</strong>tención <strong>de</strong> José Luis Romero Ángel, Ruiz Canales le i<strong>de</strong>ntificó como responsable <strong>de</strong> su propiosecuestro y aportó información sobre las supuestas conexiones <strong>de</strong> Romero Ángel con una redcriminal <strong>de</strong> secuestradores, supuestamente compuesta por miembros <strong>de</strong> las Fuerzas ArmadasRespuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno1500. En una carta fechada el 20 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 la Misión Permanente <strong>de</strong> Méxicorespondió al llamamiento urgente. Según la carta, la Procuraduría <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> la República (PGR)confirmó que en el mes <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Fernando Ruiz Canales presentó una <strong>de</strong>nunciaante el ministerio público por el <strong>de</strong>lito <strong>de</strong> amenazas <strong>de</strong> actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento. Se explicó que lainvestigación continúa abierta para su perfeccionamiento, por lo que el gobierno mexicano está


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 243imposibilitado en este momento para calificar los hechos referidos en las alegaciones vertidas enel llamamiento urgente.1501. La Comisión Nacional <strong>de</strong> los Derechos Humanos informó no haber recibido queja o<strong>de</strong>nuncia alguna por amenazas y actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento en contra <strong>de</strong> los señores Ruiz Canales,Ramírez Hurtado y Olmedo García por su labor en la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, ni porotro tipo <strong>de</strong> activida<strong>de</strong>s.1502. Se informó que, en relación con investigaciones y diligencias judiciales iniciadas enrelación con el caso, se han <strong>de</strong>sahogado las siguientes diligencias:• se giró comunicaciones a los señores Ruiz Canales, Ramírez Hurtado y OlmedoGarcía requiriendo su presencia para que amplíen su <strong>de</strong>nuncia.• Informe <strong>de</strong> investigación rendido por la Policía Ministerial.1503. Asimismo, se informó que la averiguación previa aún se encuentra en la etapa <strong>de</strong> análisispara emitir la <strong>de</strong>terminación que conforme a <strong>de</strong>recho proceda.1504. En relación con medidas <strong>de</strong> protección adoptadas, el Estado ha llevado a cabo unainvestigación exhaustiva respecto <strong>de</strong> los hechos <strong>de</strong>nunciados, por lo consiguiente, se espera quela autoridad continúe recabando las pruebas necesarias, incluidas las que presenten losagraviados para el pronto esclarecimiento <strong>de</strong> los hechos. Asimismo, se comunicó que elMinisterio Público Fe<strong>de</strong>ral mantiene una comunicación constante con los señores Ruiz Canales,Ramírez Hurtado y Olmedo García para brindarles las atenciones y servicios que requieran en sucalidad <strong>de</strong> víctimas <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>lito.Carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones1505. El 15 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron una carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con el asesinato <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Carlos Ortega Samper,abogado y periodista <strong>de</strong>l periódico El Tiempo <strong>de</strong> Durango, <strong>de</strong> la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Durango. El Sr.Ortega era conocido por sus investigaciones relacionadas con la corrupción en el gobierno local.1506. Según la información recibida, el 3 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 17:00, el Sr.Ortega habría sido asesinado mientras conducía hacia su casa ubicada en Santa María El Oro, enel Estado <strong>de</strong> Durango. Según se informa, dos camionetas interceptaron al Sr. Ortega Samper y<strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> una discusión acalorada, cuatro individuos no i<strong>de</strong>ntificados le habrían dado tresbalazos en la cabeza con una pistola calibre 40.1507. El 2 <strong>de</strong> mayo, el Sr. Ortega habría publicado un artículo en el que habría alegado que tresfuncionarios <strong>de</strong>l gobierno local le habrían amenazado <strong>de</strong>bido a la publicación <strong>de</strong> un artículo confecha <strong>de</strong>l 28 <strong>de</strong> abril, en el que había criticado la mala calidad <strong>de</strong> un mata<strong>de</strong>ro local. En elartículo publicado el 2 <strong>de</strong> mayo, el Sr. Ortega habría indicado que también realizabainvestigaciones relacionadas con la corrupción <strong>de</strong> un miembro <strong>de</strong> la policía local y


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 244responsabilizaba a los tres funcionarios <strong>de</strong>l gobierno local <strong>de</strong> cualquier agresión en su contra oen contra <strong>de</strong> su familia.1508. En visto <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido se expresó temor que la muerte <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Carlos OrtegaSamper podría estar relacionada con su trabajo legítimo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> la libertad <strong>de</strong> expresión.Asimismo, se expresó preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> los periodistas queinvestigan la corrupción en México.Llamamiento urgente1509. El 3 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con las amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte y los actos <strong>de</strong>vigilancia en contra la Sra. Lydia Cacho Ribeiro. La Sra. Cacho Ribeiro es directora yfundadora <strong>de</strong>l Centro Integral <strong>de</strong> Atención a las Mujeres (CIAM) en Cancún, Estado <strong>de</strong> QuintanaRoo.1510. El CIAM trabaja a favor <strong>de</strong> víctimas <strong>de</strong> violencia sexual y víctimas <strong>de</strong> tráfico <strong>de</strong> personas.Ella es autora <strong>de</strong>l libro “Los <strong>de</strong>monios <strong>de</strong>l Edén: el po<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>trás <strong>de</strong> la pornografía infantil,” en elque <strong>de</strong>nunció actos <strong>de</strong> abuso sexual <strong>de</strong> niños y niñas por parte <strong>de</strong> un conocido empresario. Seagrega que <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> la publicación <strong>de</strong> su libro, la Sra. Ribeiro habría sido víctima <strong>de</strong> un atentado <strong>de</strong>muerte, <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tención arbitraria, acoso, tortura y extradición ilegal a otro estado.1511. La Sra. Cacho Ribeiro ha sido objeto <strong>de</strong> varias comunicaciones emitidas por titulares <strong>de</strong>mandato; <strong>de</strong> llamamientos urgentes emitidos el 23 <strong>de</strong> febrero y el 18 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2005 por elRelator Especial sobre la venta <strong>de</strong> niños, la prostitución infantil y la utilización <strong>de</strong> niños en lapornografía, la Relatora Especial sobre la violencia contra la mujer, con inclusión <strong>de</strong> sus causas yconsecuencias, la antigua Representante Especial <strong>de</strong>l Secretario-<strong>General</strong> para los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, y el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión; <strong>de</strong> un llamamiento urgente emitido por éstos dos últimos, el 29 <strong>de</strong>diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2005; <strong>de</strong> un llamamiento urgente emitido el 24 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2007 por el RelatorEspecial sobre la venta <strong>de</strong> niños, la prostitución infantil y la utilización <strong>de</strong> niños en lapornografía, la Relatora Especial sobre la violencia contra la mujer, con inclusión <strong>de</strong> sus causas yconsecuencias, y la antigua Representante Especial <strong>de</strong>l Secretario-<strong>General</strong> para los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y <strong>de</strong> una carta <strong>de</strong> alegación emitida el 24 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2008 por RelatoraEspecial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos a <strong>de</strong> Relatora Especialsobre la violencia contra la mujer con inclusión <strong>de</strong> sus causas y consecuencias. Los RelatoresEspeciales agra<strong>de</strong>cieron las respuestas recibidas a estas comunicaciones <strong>de</strong> parte <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno <strong>de</strong>Su Excelencia.1512. Según la información recibida, <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el 12 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, varios testigos habrían vistoa un hombre armado vigilando y tomando fotos <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> un vehículo, <strong>de</strong>l hogar y <strong>de</strong>l automóvil <strong>de</strong>la Sra. Cacho Ribeiro. El 22 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, un vehículo se habría aparcado frente a la casa <strong>de</strong>la Sra. Cacho Ribeiro y dos hombres no i<strong>de</strong>ntificados procedieron a filmar su apartamento <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong>el coche. Uno <strong>de</strong> los hombres habría bajado <strong>de</strong>l vehículo y varios testigos vieron que portaba unarma en su cinturón. El 15 <strong>de</strong> mayo, dos personas se estacionaron frente al hogar <strong>de</strong> la Sra.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 245Cacho Ribeiro durante dos horas. El 14 <strong>de</strong> mayo, un hombre armado habría sido visto por unvecino frente al piso <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Ribeiro.1513. El 18 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, un coche se habría aparcado frente a las oficinas <strong>de</strong>l CIAM enCancún. Cuando un dirigente <strong>de</strong> la organización salió <strong>de</strong>l área conduciendo una camionetaperteneciente a la organización, el otro vehículo lo siguió hasta que el miembro <strong>de</strong>l CIAM logróper<strong>de</strong>rse.1514. Des<strong>de</strong> el 3 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Cacho Ribeiro habría recibido amenazas <strong>de</strong>muerte en su blog, incluso un mensaje recibido el 19 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009 que <strong>de</strong>cía, “Mi estimadaLidia Cacho prepárate que pronto aparecerás <strong>de</strong>gollada; tu cabeza tan bonita afuera <strong>de</strong> tu<strong>de</strong>partamento a ver si eres tan valiente [sic.].”1515. En visto <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido se expresó temor que la vigilancia <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Ribeiro y lasamenazas en su contra podrían estar relacionadas con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos, en particular su <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> las víctimas <strong>de</strong> la violencia y la explotaciónsexual en México, y se esperó que los responsables <strong>de</strong> estos actos no gocen <strong>de</strong> impunidad.Asimismo, se reiteró la preocupación expresada en comunicaciones anteriores por la seguridad eintegridad física <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Cacho Ribeiro.Llamamiento urgente1516. El 16 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> magistrados yabogados, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con Rommel Cain Chacan Pale, abogado <strong>de</strong>fensor <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>rechos humanos quien trabaja con el Monitor Civil <strong>de</strong> la Policía, en el estado <strong>de</strong> Guerrero. Elabogado Chacan Pale recibió una amenaza directa vía telefónica el pasado viernes 5 <strong>de</strong> junio, encontra <strong>de</strong> su seguridad e integridad física y la <strong>de</strong> su familia.1517. El abogado Chacan Pale se <strong>de</strong>dica a la documentación <strong>de</strong> abusos <strong>de</strong> autoridad en contra<strong>de</strong> la ciudadanía y <strong>de</strong> los propios integrantes <strong>de</strong> los cuerpos <strong>de</strong> seguridad <strong>de</strong>l estado <strong>de</strong> Guerrero,a<strong>de</strong>más <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> las víctimas. El Monitor ha registrado hasta el día <strong>de</strong> hoy 185 casosrelacionados con 16 <strong>de</strong> las 24 corporaciones policíacas que se encuentran en la región, resaltando13 quejas relacionadas con el Ejército.1518. El pasado viernes, un interlocutor <strong>de</strong>sconocido amenazó al abogado por teléfono,advirtiéndole que estaba siendo vigilado. La amenaza se habría presentado <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> que laCorte Interamericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos otorgara medidas provisionales a 107 <strong>de</strong>fensores enel estado, incluido Chacan Pale.1519. Según las informaciones recibidas, éste no es un caso aislado. El 20 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009Raúl Lucas Lucía y Manuel Ponce Rosas, Presi<strong>de</strong>nte y Secretario <strong>de</strong> la Organización para elFuturo <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo Mixteco (OFPM) fueron encontrados sin vida y con inminentes huellas <strong>de</strong>tortura. Al día <strong>de</strong> hoy, el asesinato extrajudicial <strong>de</strong> Raúl y Manuel permanecería impune.1520. Otro caso es el <strong>de</strong> Obtilia Eugenio Manuel, presi<strong>de</strong>nta <strong>de</strong> la Organización <strong>de</strong>l PuebloIndígena Tlapaneco (OPIT), quien <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> 2005 habría sido víctima <strong>de</strong> amenazas continuas a raíz


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 246<strong>de</strong> las acciones que ha emprendido para documentar y <strong>de</strong>nunciar los abusos <strong>de</strong>l Ejército en lascomunida<strong>de</strong>s indígenas <strong>de</strong> la región. Las amenazas se habrían intensificado a principios <strong>de</strong> 2009.1521. Según la información recibida, es <strong>de</strong> conocimiento público que en noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2008 elGobernador <strong>de</strong> Guerrero, Zeferino Torreblanca, y <strong>de</strong>l Comandante <strong>de</strong> la Novena Región Militar,Enrique Alonso Garrido Abreu, se refirieron a las organizaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos como“parapetos <strong>de</strong>l narcotráfico”.Llamamiento urgente1522. El 25 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con los actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento, incluso actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación yvigilancia en contra <strong>de</strong> varios miembros <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos Fray Bartolomé <strong>de</strong>Las Casas, AC (Frayba), incluso su director, el Sr. Diego Ca<strong>de</strong>nas Gordillo, su presi<strong>de</strong>nte, el Sr.Samuel Ruiz García, y el miembro, el Sr. Jorge Armando Gómez.1523. Frayba es una organización no gubernamental que trabaja por la <strong>de</strong>fensa y promoción <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, in particular <strong>de</strong> las comunida<strong>de</strong>s y al<strong>de</strong>as indígenas en el estado <strong>de</strong>Chiapas.1524. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 14 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, en horas <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong>, alregresar a su domicilio sito en el Municipio <strong>de</strong> San Cristóbal <strong>de</strong> las Casas, <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> llegar alpaís proce<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> España, el Sr. Ca<strong>de</strong>nas Gordillo se percató que un vehículo todoterreno <strong>de</strong>color negro, <strong>de</strong>sprovisto <strong>de</strong> placas, y con vidrios polarizados, se encontraba estacionado cerca <strong>de</strong>su casa. Al interior se encontraban dos hombres que mostraban un comportamiento sospechoso.1525. Al día siguiente, cuando se dirigía a las oficinas <strong>de</strong>l Centro, se encontró el vehículoanteriormente mencionado estacionado entre las calles Brasil y Canadá en el barrio Mexicanos<strong>de</strong> San Cristóbal <strong>de</strong> las Casas. Otro vehículo todoterreno, <strong>de</strong> color blanco y sin placas, seencontraba frente a la institución. En su interior un individuo realizaba grabaciones con unacámara <strong>de</strong> ví<strong>de</strong>o y sacaba fotografías <strong>de</strong>l Centro.1526. En la mañana <strong>de</strong>l 16 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, los Sres. Ca<strong>de</strong>nas Gordillo y Jorge ArmandoGómez, también miembro <strong>de</strong>l Centro, observaron al vehículo todoterreno <strong>de</strong> color negroestacionado cerca <strong>de</strong>l Centro. Al notar la presencia <strong>de</strong> tres hombres en el interior <strong>de</strong>l vehículo, elSr. Ca<strong>de</strong>nas Gordillo increpó al conductor y le preguntó por qué razón le estaban siguiendo y sieran funcionarios <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Investigación y Seguridad Nacional (CISEN). Los hombrescontestaron que no era el caso y se burlaron <strong>de</strong> su pregunta. Los Sres. Ca<strong>de</strong>nas Gordillo y Gómezintentaron fotografiar a los ocupantes <strong>de</strong>l vehículo con sus teléfonos celulares. Sin embargo,éstos se cubrieron los rostros con gorras.1527. El 19 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009 en la tar<strong>de</strong>, mientras que el Sr. Ca<strong>de</strong>nas Gordillo se dirigía en suvehículo hacia su domicilio, advirtió la presencia, en el sentido opuesto al que circulaba, <strong>de</strong> otrovehículo todoterreno <strong>de</strong> color gris, también <strong>de</strong>sprovisto <strong>de</strong> placas, en cuyo interior seencontraban dos hombres que portaban gorras, quienes le fotografiaron.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2471528. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido, se expresó preocupación por la integridad física ypsicológica <strong>de</strong> los Sres. Diego Ca<strong>de</strong>nas Gordillo, Jorge Armando Gómez, Samuel Ruiz García,así como <strong>de</strong> todos los miembros <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos Fray Bartolomé <strong>de</strong> Las Casas,AC y en particular <strong>de</strong> su director, el Sr. Diego Ca<strong>de</strong>nas Gordillo. Se expresó temor que esosactos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento podrían estar relacionados con su trabajo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos en el Estado <strong>de</strong> Chiapas.Llamamiento urgente1529. El 9 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Vice-Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>l Grupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre <strong>de</strong>saparicionesforzadas o involuntarias, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con las <strong>de</strong>sapariciones forzadas o involuntarias <strong>de</strong>los Sres. Santiago Ponce Lola, Victoriano Ponce Lola y Alicio Ponce Lola así como <strong>de</strong>ataques contra la Sra. Margarita Martín De Las Nieves y la Sra. Mo<strong>de</strong>sta Laureano Petra,todos ellos <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y miembros <strong>de</strong> la Organización para el Futuro <strong>de</strong>lPueblo Mixteco, <strong>de</strong>dicada a la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> los pueblos indígenas y a la<strong>de</strong>nuncia <strong>de</strong> violaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.1530. Se informó que los Sres. Santiago Ponce Lola, Victoriano Ponce Lola y Alicio PonceLola fueron presuntamente <strong>de</strong>tenidos por miembros <strong>de</strong>l ejército el día 1 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009,aproximadamente a las 12 horas, cuando viajaban en una camioneta blanca <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> la cabeceramunicipal <strong>de</strong> Ayutla hacia la comunidad <strong>de</strong> la Cortina, en México. Los Sres. Ponce Lola sonhermanos <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Manuel Ponce Rosas, indígena mixteco <strong>de</strong>saparecido forzosamente el día 13 <strong>de</strong>febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009 y ejecutado el mismo mes, quien fuera objeto <strong>de</strong> un llamamiento urgente <strong>de</strong>lGrupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre <strong>de</strong>sapariciones forzadas o involuntarias el día 19 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009. Deacuerdo con la información recibida, los Sres. Ponce Lola podrían encontrarse <strong>de</strong>tenidos enChilpancingo; sin embargo, su <strong>de</strong>stino y para<strong>de</strong>ro continúan <strong>de</strong>sconocidos.1531. Se informó también que, el 24 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Santiago Ponce Lola, la Sra.Margarita Martín <strong>de</strong> las Nieves (viuda <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Manuel Ponce Rosas) y la Sra. Mo<strong>de</strong>sta LaureanoPetra sufrieron un atentado cuando se encontraban viajando en una camioneta <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> la cabeceramunicipal <strong>de</strong> Ayutla hacia la Cortina <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> haberse entrevistado con la policía paracoordinar medidas <strong>de</strong> protección. En esa ocasión, fueron interceptados por una persona con elrostro cubierto quien les disparó en varias oportunida<strong>de</strong>s aunque sin producirles ninguna herida.1532. De acuerdo con la información recibida, los Sres. Ponce Lola y la Sra. Martín <strong>de</strong> lasNieves cuentan con medidas provisionales <strong>de</strong>cretadas por la Corte Interamericana <strong>de</strong> DerechosHumanos <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el día 9 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009 (Resolución <strong>de</strong> la Presi<strong>de</strong>nta ratificada por la Corte eldía 30 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong> 2009). Asimismo, se recuerda que los mismos fueron objeto <strong>de</strong> un llamamientourgente enviado el 9 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009 por este Grupo junto con el Relator especial sobre lasituación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y las liberta<strong>de</strong>s fundamentales <strong>de</strong> los indígenas, el Relatorespecial sobre las ejecuciones extrajudiciales, sumarias o arbitrarias, y la Relatora especial sobrela situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 248Llamamiento urgente1533. El 16 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con el asalto físico contra el Sr. Santiago Aguirre Espinosa ylas amenazas e intimidaciones contra la Sra. Ma<strong>de</strong>leine Penman y los otros miembros <strong>de</strong>lCentro <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos “Miguel Agustín Pro Juárez” (Centro Prodh).1534. El Centro Prodh es una organización no gubernamental ubicada en la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Méxicoque trabaja en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en México, en particular vigilando al Ejércitonacional e investigando casos <strong>de</strong> violaciones <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos cometidas por elementosmilitares. También, ha <strong>de</strong>nunciado la impunidad que prevalece en las investigaciones seguidaspor el fuero militar hacia sus propios elementos. El Sr. Aguirre Espinosa es el Coordinador <strong>de</strong>lÁrea Jurídica <strong>de</strong>l Centro y la Sra. Penman es la Coordinadora <strong>de</strong>l Área Internacional.1535. De acuerdo con las informaciones recibidas, el 10 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente alas 19:00 horas <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong>, dos personas no i<strong>de</strong>ntificadas habrían agredido físicamente al Sr.Aguirre Espinosa mientras caminaba cerca <strong>de</strong> las oficinas <strong>de</strong>l Centro Prodh. Los agresores lohabrían amenazado mientras lo habrían agredido violentamente hasta <strong>de</strong>jarlo inmovilizado. Norobaron nada <strong>de</strong> sus pertenencias excepto sus anteojos.1536. El 13 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Penman habría recibido un mensaje <strong>de</strong> texto amenazante.A<strong>de</strong>más, <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> principios <strong>de</strong> 2009, vecinos <strong>de</strong>l Centro Prodh les habrían informado a losintegrantes <strong>de</strong>l centro que personas no i<strong>de</strong>ntificadas, vestidas <strong>de</strong> civil, habrían estadopreguntando por las y los colaboradores <strong>de</strong>l centro.1537. Cabe mencionar que el 9 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Aguirre Espinosa habría sidoentrevistado en la radio sobre el tema <strong>de</strong> la jurisdicción militar y junto con otros <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>rechos humanos habrían participado en un <strong>de</strong>bate radiofónico sobre el tema con el Secretario<strong>de</strong> Gobernación, Licenciado Gómez Mont.1538. Se expresó temor que el asalto físico contra el Sr. Aguirre Espinosa y las amenazas eintimidaciones contra la Sra. Penman y los otros miembros <strong>de</strong>l Centro Prodh podrían estarrelacionados con las activida<strong>de</strong>s legítimas <strong>de</strong> la organización en la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos.Llamamiento urgente1539. El 30 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con las <strong>de</strong>tenciones <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Sara López González, el Sr.Joaquín Aguilar Mén<strong>de</strong>z, el Sr. Guadalupe Borja Contreras, el Sr. Elmer CastellanosVelásquez y la Sra. Guadalupe Lizcano Gómez en Can<strong>de</strong>laria, Campeche, miembros <strong>de</strong>lMovimiento contra las Altas Tarifas <strong>de</strong> Energía Eléctrica (MCATE), una organización en elestado <strong>de</strong> Campeche que forma parte <strong>de</strong> la Red Nacional <strong>de</strong> Resistencia Civil a las Altas Tarifas<strong>de</strong> la Energía Eléctrica.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2491540. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 10 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 5:30horas <strong>de</strong> la madrugada, agentes <strong>de</strong> la Policía Ministerial Fe<strong>de</strong>ral habrían entrado por la fuerza enlas casas <strong>de</strong> los Sres. López González, Aguilar Mén<strong>de</strong>z, Borja Contreras, Castellanos Velásquezy Lizcano Gómez en Can<strong>de</strong>laria, Campeche, efectuado la <strong>de</strong>tención <strong>de</strong> los mismos sinproporcionar información sobre los motivos <strong>de</strong>l arresto ni presentar or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tención previa.Los <strong>de</strong>tenidos habrían sido amenazados con armas <strong>de</strong> fuego. Sus familiares no fueroninformados <strong>de</strong>l para<strong>de</strong>ro <strong>de</strong> los cinco <strong>de</strong>tenidos hasta las 11 horas <strong>de</strong> la mañana <strong>de</strong>l día 10 <strong>de</strong>julio. Según la información recibida, los <strong>de</strong>tenidos fueron trasladados a las oficinas <strong>de</strong> laProcuraduría <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong>l Estado y posteriormente al Centro <strong>de</strong> Readaptación Social <strong>de</strong> Kobén,Campeche.1541. De acuerdo con la información recibida, los cinco miembros <strong>de</strong> MCATE seguirían<strong>de</strong>tenidos en dicho centro. La Sra. Sara López González no habría recibido tratamiento médicopara tratar la conjuntivitis y fiebre que pa<strong>de</strong>ce. Los <strong>de</strong>tenidos habrían sido acusados <strong>de</strong> privaciónilegal <strong>de</strong> la libertad y robo a la riqueza <strong>de</strong> la nación, consi<strong>de</strong>rados <strong>de</strong>litos graves que no alcanzanfianza, excepto los procesos seguidos en contra <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Castellanos Velásquez y la Sra. LizcanoGómez. Las personas que se encuentran <strong>de</strong>tenidas, alegan que los cargos en su contra son falsos,y que la <strong>de</strong>tención se ha llevado a cabo como represalia por las activida<strong>de</strong>s que realizan en<strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos. A<strong>de</strong>más, consi<strong>de</strong>ran que su <strong>de</strong>tención está relacionada con uninci<strong>de</strong>nte ocurrido en septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2008 cuando un funcionario <strong>de</strong> la Comisión Fe<strong>de</strong>ral <strong>de</strong>Electricidad habría acompañado voluntariamente a los cinco miembros <strong>de</strong> MCATE a sucomunidad para investigar el motivo <strong>de</strong> un corte <strong>de</strong> luz y para asegurar la reconexión <strong>de</strong> lamisma. Dos meses <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> dicho inci<strong>de</strong>nte, la Comisión Fe<strong>de</strong>ral <strong>de</strong> Electricidad habríapresentado una <strong>de</strong>manda ante la Procuraduría <strong>General</strong> contra miembros <strong>de</strong> MCATE por elsupuesto secuestro <strong>de</strong> su funcionario durante la visita a la comunidad. En enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, losmiembros <strong>de</strong>l MCATE habrían acudido a una reunión con la Comisión Fe<strong>de</strong>ral <strong>de</strong> Electricidadpara discutir el caso. En dicha reunión el funcionario habría admitido que no se trataba <strong>de</strong> unsecuestro y que había acompañado a los <strong>de</strong>nunciados voluntariamente, pero un director <strong>de</strong> lacomisión le habría pedido guardar silencio.1542. Se expresó temor que las <strong>de</strong>tenciones <strong>de</strong> los Sres. López González, Aguilar Mén<strong>de</strong>z,Borja Contreras, Castellanos Velásquez y Lizcano Gómez podrían estar relacionadas con lasactivida<strong>de</strong>s que realizan en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y en particular su protesta en contra<strong>de</strong> las altas tarifas <strong>de</strong> electricidad en Can<strong>de</strong>laria, Campeche.Llamamiento urgente1543. El 7 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con el intento <strong>de</strong> asesinato <strong>de</strong>l Sr. SalomónMonárrez Meraz.1544. El Sr. Monárrez Meraz es el secretario <strong>de</strong> la organización no gubernamental (ONG)Frente Cívico Sinaloense en Culiacán, Sinaloa.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2501545. El Frente Cívico Sinaloense ha <strong>de</strong>nunciado violaciones a los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanoscometidos por elementos castrenses en el contexto <strong>de</strong> la lucha contra organizaciones <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>lincuencia organizada.1546. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 31 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 6:30horas <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong>, un grupo <strong>de</strong> personas no i<strong>de</strong>ntificadas habrían entrado por la fuerza a la casa<strong>de</strong>l Sr. Monárrez Meraz en la colonia <strong>de</strong> Miguel Hidalgo <strong>de</strong> Culiacán, en Sinaloa, con laintención <strong>de</strong> asesinarlo. Los agresores habrían disparado tres veces contra el Sr. Monárrez Merazantes <strong>de</strong> huir y no habrían robado nada <strong>de</strong> la casa. Luego <strong>de</strong> este inci<strong>de</strong>nte, el Sr. MonárrezMeraz habría sido trasladado a una clínica privada. Su estado <strong>de</strong> salud continúa <strong>de</strong>licado.1547. No era la primera vez que un integrante <strong>de</strong>l Frente Cívico Sinaloense es víctima <strong>de</strong>agresiones. En septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2007, el Sr. Ricardo Murillo Monge, co-fundador <strong>de</strong>l Frente CívicoSinaloense, habría sido asesinado.1548. Se expresó temor que el intento <strong>de</strong> asesinato <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Monárrez Meraz podría estarrelacionado con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos. A<strong>de</strong>más, se expresó unaprofunda preocupación por la integridad psicológica y física <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Monárrez Meraz y <strong>de</strong> losotros miembros <strong>de</strong>l Frente Cívico Sinaloense.Llamamiento urgente1549. El 8 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>l Grupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre las <strong>de</strong>saparicionesforzadas o involuntarias y el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con los actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento, vigilancia,amenaza y <strong>de</strong>scalificación que habrían tenido lugar contra integrantes <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> DerechosHumanos Fray Bartolomé <strong>de</strong> las Casas <strong>de</strong>bido a su trabajo en <strong>de</strong>fensa y promoción <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, incluyendo <strong>de</strong>sapariciones forzadas.1550. De acuerdo con la información recibida, a partir <strong>de</strong>l mes <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, los miembros<strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos Fray Bartolomé <strong>de</strong> las Casas habrían sido objeto <strong>de</strong> una serie<strong>de</strong> actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento, vigilancia, amenaza y <strong>de</strong>scalificación; en particular, su Presi<strong>de</strong>nte, Sr.Samuel Ruiz García, y su Director, Sr. Diego Ca<strong>de</strong>nas Gordillo.1551. En esta dirección, se informó que, los días 14, 15 y 16 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, algunosmiembros <strong>de</strong>l Centro habrían sido seguidos, fotografiados y filmados por seis personas que setrasladaban en tres automóviles sin placas <strong>de</strong> i<strong>de</strong>ntificación: un Jeep negro, un Chevy blanco, yuna camioneta Ford Ranger <strong>de</strong> color gris. Del mismo modo, el 17 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, durante elregreso <strong>de</strong> la visita <strong>de</strong>l Representante <strong>de</strong> la Oficina <strong>de</strong> la Alta Comisionada <strong>de</strong> las NacionesUnidas para los Derechos Humanos en México al campamento <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>splazados <strong>de</strong> Acteal,algunos integrantes <strong>de</strong>l Centro habrían notado que estaban siendo seguidos por un automóvilFord Fiesta sin placa que <strong>de</strong>tenía su marcha cuando lo hacía el vehículo que ellos conducían.1552. Se informó a<strong>de</strong>más que, los días 10 y 11 <strong>de</strong> agosto, durante la manifestación pública quetuvo lugar en la ciudad <strong>de</strong> San Cristóbal <strong>de</strong> Las Casas en repudio <strong>de</strong>l fallo <strong>de</strong> la Suprema Corte<strong>de</strong> Justicia <strong>de</strong> la Nación por la liberación <strong>de</strong> personas señaladas por los sobrevivientes <strong>de</strong> la


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 251Masacre <strong>de</strong> Acteal como paramilitares, una persona habría estado tomando fotografías yhaciendo preguntas sobre la organización <strong>de</strong>l evento y por los integrantes <strong>de</strong>l Centro. Se indicóque, tras ser cuestionado, esta persona habría reconocido pertenecer al ejército <strong>de</strong> México.1553. Asimismo, se informó que, durante los meses <strong>de</strong> julio y agosto, habrían aumentado las<strong>de</strong>scalificaciones contra el Centro y sus integrantes a través <strong>de</strong> distintos medios <strong>de</strong> comunicación.Estas <strong>de</strong>scalificaciones habrían sido efectuadas por reporteros vinculados a funcionarios públicosmunicipales, estatales y fe<strong>de</strong>rales, o a través <strong>de</strong> espacios contratados por la administraciónpública, y utilizando medios <strong>de</strong> comunicación que serían propiedad <strong>de</strong>l Estado.1554. En este contexto, se expresó temor que estos actos podrían estar ligados al trabajo <strong>de</strong> losmiembros <strong>de</strong>l Centro en su <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en Chiapas y por su integridadfísica y psicológica.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno1555. En una carta fechada el 3 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 el Gobierno respondió al llamamientourgente. Según dicha carta, el Gobierno <strong>de</strong> México no estaba en posibilidad <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>terminar laexactitud y veracidad <strong>de</strong> los hechos presentados en el llamamiento urgente toda vez que laProcuraduría <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> Justicia <strong>de</strong>l estado <strong>de</strong> Chiapas (PGJ Chi) <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> haber hecho unabúsqueda en los libros <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno <strong>de</strong> la agencia <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio Público, no encontró ningúnregistro o averiguación previa relacionados con los hechos.1556. No obstante, se informó que, el 17 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, PGJ Chi realizó un oficio <strong>de</strong>averiguación previa dando a conocer si los Sres. Ca<strong>de</strong>nas Gordillo, Ruiz García y ArmandoGoméz fueron objeto <strong>de</strong> hechos <strong>de</strong>lictivos. De igual forma, el 18 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la FiscalíaEspecializada en protección <strong>de</strong> los organismos no gubernamentales para la Defensa <strong>de</strong> losDerechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> la PGJ Chi, inició un acta administrativa para investigar los supuestosactos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento.1557. Se informó que el 17 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Comisión <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> Chiapasabrió un expediente <strong>de</strong> queja por supuestos actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento con motivo <strong>de</strong> una notaperiodística publicada en el diario local.1558. Se informó que, <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> las diligencias practicadas, el 18 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009 requirieronpresentar <strong>de</strong>nuncia <strong>de</strong> los hechos a los Sres. Ca<strong>de</strong>nas Gordillo e integrantes <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong>Derechos Humanos.1559. En relación con las medidas <strong>de</strong> protección adoptadas, el 19 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la FiscalíaEspecializada en la protección <strong>de</strong> organismos no gubernamentales para la Defensa <strong>de</strong> losDerechos Humanos ofreció a los Sres. Diego Ca<strong>de</strong>nas Gordillo, Samuel Ruiz García y JorgeArmando Gómez, implementar medidas <strong>de</strong> protección policíacas, instalación <strong>de</strong> cámaras <strong>de</strong>vigilancia en la organización civil don<strong>de</strong> laboran y apoyo psicológico, a<strong>de</strong>más que les exhortabapara que presentaran <strong>de</strong>nuncia o querella por actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento. Sin embargo, se informóque no ha habido una respuesta <strong>de</strong> colaboración por parte <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Ca<strong>de</strong>nas Gordillo sobre elofrecimiento <strong>de</strong> las medidas <strong>de</strong> protección.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2521560. Asimismo, se comunicó que, el 4 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, representantes <strong>de</strong>l gobiernofe<strong>de</strong>ral realizaron una visita <strong>de</strong> trabajo al estado <strong>de</strong> Chiapas con el propósito <strong>de</strong> celebrarreuniones <strong>de</strong> trabajo con representantes <strong>de</strong>l gobierno <strong>de</strong> ese estado y <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> DerechosHumanos Fray Bartolomé <strong>de</strong> las Casas. Se informó que el Sr. Ca<strong>de</strong>nas Gordillo manifestó quelos actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento en su contra nunca existieron, que todo fue un malentendido y que lasituación ya fue aclarada, pues la persona que lo hostigaba se encuentra enferma <strong>de</strong> susfaculta<strong>de</strong>s mentales. No obstante, las autorida<strong>de</strong>s reiteraron el ofrecimiento <strong>de</strong> implementarmedidas <strong>de</strong> protección a favor <strong>de</strong> las víctimas mencionadas a<strong>de</strong>más <strong>de</strong> exhortarlo a que presentesu <strong>de</strong>nuncia para que la Fiscalía Especializada pueda investigar los hechos.Llamamiento urgente1561. El 9 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad<strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión y el Relator especial sobre los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> los migrantesenviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la informaciónrecibida en relación con las amenazas contra el padre Alejandro Solalin<strong>de</strong> Guerra, el Sr. DavidAlvarez Vargas, la Sra. Areli Palomo Contreras y otros miembros <strong>de</strong>l Alberge <strong>de</strong>l MigranteHermanos en el Camino.1562. El padre Solalin<strong>de</strong> Guerra es director <strong>de</strong>l Albergue <strong>de</strong>l Migrante Hermanos en el Camino<strong>de</strong> la Esperanza y Coordinador <strong>de</strong> la Zona Sur <strong>de</strong> la Dimensión Pastoral <strong>de</strong> la Movilidad Humana<strong>de</strong> la Conferencia Episcopal Mexicana. El Sr. Alvarez Vargas es asistente en el mismo Albergue<strong>de</strong>l Migrante. La Sra. Palomo Contreras es operadora <strong>de</strong>l Registro Nacional <strong>de</strong> Agresiones aMigrantes y ayuda en el Albergue <strong>de</strong>l Migrante Hermanos en el Camino <strong>de</strong> la Esperanza. ElAlbergue <strong>de</strong>l Migrante Hermanos en el Camino brinda ayuda humanitaria a personas migrantesextranjeras que se ven obligadas a cruzar por México con el fin <strong>de</strong> llegar a los Estados Unidos <strong>de</strong>América. A<strong>de</strong>más, el padre Solalin<strong>de</strong> Guerra ha <strong>de</strong>nunciado públicamente en varias ocasioneslas violaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos presuntamente cometidas por miembros <strong>de</strong> la policía y <strong>de</strong>las fuerzas <strong>de</strong> seguridad en contra <strong>de</strong> los migrantes en México.1563. Con fecha <strong>de</strong>l 7 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2008, la Relatora sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y el Relator sobre los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> las personas migrantes emitieron unllamamiento urgente al Gobierno Mexicano en relación con las agresiones en contra <strong>de</strong>l padreAlejandro Solalin<strong>de</strong> Guerra.1564. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 22 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, dos hombres no i<strong>de</strong>ntificados,supuestamente pertenecientes a una banda <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>lincuencia organizada <strong>de</strong>nominada “LosZetas”, habrían allanado el Albergue <strong>de</strong>l Migrante buscando a un grupo <strong>de</strong> migrantes que recibíaayuda <strong>de</strong>l Albergue con la intención <strong>de</strong> secuestrarlos. Sin embargo los migrantes se habríanescondido.1565. El 21 <strong>de</strong> julio, cuatro hombres armados con pistolas habrían entrado por la fuerza alAlbergue nuevamente buscando a otro grupo <strong>de</strong> migrantes. Sin embargo, este grupo tambiénhabría logrado escon<strong>de</strong>rse.1566. El 11 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 23:00 horas <strong>de</strong> la noche, un grupo <strong>de</strong>personas, supuestamente proce<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong> Veracruz y pertenecientes a “Los Zetas”, habrían


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 253allanado el Albergue con la intención <strong>de</strong> raptar a un grupo <strong>de</strong> migrantes <strong>de</strong> Honduras. Esa mismanoche, los agresores habrían subido a un tren en el que viajaban varios migrantes y se habríanllevado a un grupo <strong>de</strong> migrantes.1567. Las acciones anteriormente mencionadas habrían puesto en riesgo a los miembros <strong>de</strong>lAlbergue <strong>de</strong>l Migrante así como a los migrantes que se encontraban allí. A<strong>de</strong>más, miembros <strong>de</strong>lequipo que trabaja en el Albergue <strong>de</strong>l Migrante habrían recibido amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte ysupuestamente se encuentran en una situación altamente riesgosa. El mayor factor <strong>de</strong> riesgo loconstituyen las organizaciones <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>lincuencia organizada como “los Zetas”; el refugio yatención que ofrece el Albergue, así como su actividad <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>nuncia y promoción <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos, implica para los <strong>de</strong>lincuentes un freno en sus activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> extorsión a las personasmigrantes.1568. A pesar <strong>de</strong> que miembros <strong>de</strong>l Albergue <strong>de</strong>l Migrante habrían hecho <strong>de</strong>nuncias formalesante las instancias <strong>de</strong> Procuración <strong>de</strong> Justicia, ni las autorida<strong>de</strong>s locales, ni las fe<strong>de</strong>rales habríantomado las medidas necesarias para brindar la protección y seguridad necesarias para el personal<strong>de</strong>l Albergue y los migrantes.1569. Se expresó temor que el padre Solalin<strong>de</strong> Guerra, el Sr. Alvarez Vargas, la Sra. PalomoContreras y otros miembros <strong>de</strong>l Alberge <strong>de</strong>l Migrante “Hermanos en el Camino” podrían estar enriesgo como resultado directo <strong>de</strong> su trabajo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, en particular <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> migrantes. A<strong>de</strong>más, se expresó una profunda preocupación por la integridadpsicológica y física <strong>de</strong> todos los miembros <strong>de</strong>l Albergue <strong>de</strong>l Migrante “Hermanos en el Camino”.Estos actos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento e intimidación, <strong>de</strong> ser confirmados, se enmarcan en un contexto <strong>de</strong>gran vulnerabilidad <strong>de</strong> los migrantes en México que amenaza también aquellos que trabajan parala <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> sus <strong>de</strong>rechos.Llamamiento urgente1570. El 17 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad<strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con las amenazas contra el Sr. Artemio HurtadoRuiz, reportero <strong>de</strong>l "Diario <strong>de</strong>l Istmo" <strong>de</strong> Nanchital, estado <strong>de</strong> Veracruz. Recientemente, el"Diario <strong>de</strong>l Istmo" ha publicado varias <strong>de</strong>nuncias ciudadanas relativas a abusos <strong>de</strong> la PolicíaIntermunicipal (responsable <strong>de</strong> la seguridad pública en los municipios <strong>de</strong> Coatzacoalcos,Minatitlán, Cosoleacaque y Nanchital).1571. Según las informaciones recibidas, el día 4 <strong>de</strong> septiembre a las 18:00 horasaproximadamente, el Sr. Artemio Hurtado Ruiz se encontraba en las inmediaciones <strong>de</strong> lasoficinas <strong>de</strong> la comandancia local <strong>de</strong> la Policía Intermunicipal cuando se le habría acercado el Sr.Raúl <strong>de</strong> Lucio Rincón, comandante <strong>de</strong> la Policía Intermunicipal en Nanchital, quien le habríaavisado <strong>de</strong> mantenerse lejos <strong>de</strong> la se<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> la comandancia policial.1572. Tras preguntar el Sr. Artemio Hurtado Ruiz por el significado <strong>de</strong> dicha advertencia, el Sr.Raúl <strong>de</strong> Lucio Rincón habría hecho alusión al Sr. Rodrigo Pérez, un periodista que había sidoagredido anteriormente mientras realizaba su trabajo y finalmente le habría amenazado con<strong>de</strong>tenerle sin motivación alguna.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2541573. El día 9 <strong>de</strong> septiembre, alre<strong>de</strong>dor <strong>de</strong> las 14:00, el Sr. Raúl <strong>de</strong> Lucio Rincón habría hechoirrupción en las oficinas <strong>de</strong>l "Diario <strong>de</strong>l Istmo" en Nanchital, acompañado <strong>de</strong> dos elementos queportaban armas largas para reclamar sobre la publicación <strong>de</strong> una nota que lo aludía acerca <strong>de</strong> lasamenazas que el Sr. Raúl <strong>de</strong> Lucio Rincón habría dirigido al Sr. Artemio Hurtado Ruiz.1574. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido se expresó temor que las amenazas contra el Sr. ArtemioHurtado Ruiz y la irrupción armada en las oficinas <strong>de</strong>l periódico "Diario <strong>de</strong>l Istmo" podrían estarrelacionadas con las activida<strong>de</strong>s periodísticas <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Artemio Hurtado Ruiz y las <strong>de</strong>nunciasciudadanas relativas a abusos <strong>de</strong> la Policía Intermunicipal que el "Diario <strong>de</strong>l Istmo" habríavenido publicando en las pasadas semanas.1575. Asimismo, se expresó preocupación por la situación que al parecer enfrenta losperiodistas en México a la hora <strong>de</strong> investigar episodios <strong>de</strong> corrupción policíaca y política.1576. En este contexto, temores acerca <strong>de</strong> intimidaciones y amenazas contra periodistas ya sehabían trasladado al Gobierno <strong>de</strong> Su Excelencia con referencia a los casos <strong>de</strong>l Sr. AristeoAbundis Hernán<strong>de</strong>z en fecha 8 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2008, y <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Carlos Ortega Samper en fecha 15 <strong>de</strong>mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009.1577. Se lamentó no haber recibido respuesta en referencia a las comunicaciones arribamencionadas y se expresó temor que el acoso físico y las intimidaciones verbales contra losperiodistas en el ejercicio <strong>de</strong> sus funciones puedan afectar el disfrute <strong>de</strong> la libertad <strong>de</strong> expresióny <strong>de</strong> prensa en México.Llamamiento urgente1578. El 28 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con Relator especial sobre la in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> los magistrados yabogados enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con el ataque contra el Sr. Ricardo Lagunes Gasca, abogadoque trabaja para la organización <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos Centro <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos FrayBartolomé <strong>de</strong> las Casas.1579. Con fecha 8 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>l Grupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre lasDesapariciones Forzadas o Involuntarias, el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a lalibertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, y la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>rechos humanos emitieron un llamamiento urgente al Gobierno mexicano en relación con losactos <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento, vigilancia, amenaza y <strong>de</strong>scalificación que habrían tenido lugar contraintegrantes <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos Fray Bartolomé <strong>de</strong> las Casas <strong>de</strong>bido a su trabajo en<strong>de</strong>fensa y promoción <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, incluyendo contra las <strong>de</strong>sapariciones forzadas.1580. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 18 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Lagunes Gascahabría visitado a unos clientes en el Ejido Jotolá, municipio <strong>de</strong> Chilón, para informales sobre lasituación <strong>de</strong> los ejidatarios presos <strong>de</strong> San Sebastian Bachajón. Mientras conducía <strong>de</strong> regreso,habría sido emboscado por un grupo <strong>de</strong> aproximadamente cincuenta personas armadas con armas<strong>de</strong> fuego, machetes, palos y piedras, quienes habrían cerrado la carretera con piedras y un tronco.A pesar <strong>de</strong> que el Sr. Lagunes Gasca se i<strong>de</strong>ntificó como abogado <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, el grupole sacó <strong>de</strong> su vehículo, le agredió físicamente e intentó llevarle a un <strong>de</strong>stino <strong>de</strong>sconocido. Le


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 255habrían dicho también que le iban a linchar. El Sr. Lagunes Gasca sólo logró escapar cuando ungrupo <strong>de</strong> ejidatarios <strong>de</strong> La Otra Campaña intervino a su favor.1581. Un resi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>l Ejido <strong>de</strong> San Sebastián Bachajón, el Sr. Carmen Aguilar Gómez, habríarecibido un disparo en el muslo <strong>de</strong> la pierna izquierda durante el enfrentamiento. A pesar que losresi<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong>l Ejido Jotolá llamaron a la Policía Estatal Preventiva (PEP), ésta no llegó hasta<strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong>l ataque.1582. Según nuestras fuentes, los agresores forman parte <strong>de</strong> un grupo armado <strong>de</strong>nominadoOrganización para la Defensa <strong>de</strong> los Derechos Indígenas y Campesinos (OPDDIC), unaorganización que supuestamente contaría con el apoyo <strong>de</strong> la PEP. La OPDDIC habría sidoresponsable <strong>de</strong> varios ataques, amenazas y actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación contra resi<strong>de</strong>ntes <strong>de</strong>comunida<strong>de</strong>s en Chiapas que se consi<strong>de</strong>ran simpatizantes <strong>de</strong>l Ejército Zapatista <strong>de</strong> LiberaciónNacional (EZLN). Después <strong>de</strong>l ataque <strong>de</strong>l 18 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, integrantes <strong>de</strong> la OPDDIChabrían ro<strong>de</strong>ado las casas <strong>de</strong> los ejidatarios y les habrían amenazado.1583. Se expresó temor que el ataque contra el Sr. Lagunes Gasca tenía relación con lasactivida<strong>de</strong>s que realizó como abogado en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos. A<strong>de</strong>más, se expresópreocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Lagunes Gasca así como la <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>más miembros <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos Fray Bartolomé <strong>de</strong> las Casas.Llamamiento urgente1584. El 15 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con la amenaza <strong>de</strong> muerte contra el Sr. Gustavo <strong>de</strong> la RosaHickerson, abogado que trabaja en la Comisión Estatal <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos (CEDH) <strong>de</strong>Chihuahua. El Sr. <strong>de</strong> la Rosa Hickerson es el encargado <strong>de</strong> la oficina <strong>de</strong> la CEDH en CiudadJuárez. Ha reconocido públicamente el incremento en <strong>de</strong>nuncias <strong>de</strong> violaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos supuestamente cometidas por integrantes <strong>de</strong> las fuerzas armadas. A<strong>de</strong>más, ha aceptado<strong>de</strong>nuncias <strong>de</strong> dichas violaciones y ha ejercido presión sobre las autorida<strong>de</strong>s para que se tomeacción frente a éstas. Recientemente, <strong>de</strong>nunció la ejecución por parte <strong>de</strong>l crimen organizado <strong>de</strong>personas que se encontraban rehabilitándose en centros <strong>de</strong> asistencia para drogadictos. En losúltimos meses se han presentado cuatro casos <strong>de</strong> asesinatos múltiples <strong>de</strong> estas personas. El Señor<strong>de</strong> la Rosa ha <strong>de</strong>nunciado públicamente esta situación y ha llamado la atención sobre estacircunstancia.1585. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 4 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. <strong>de</strong> la RosaHickerson regresaría <strong>de</strong>l trabajo a su casa cuando un vehículo no i<strong>de</strong>ntificado se habría acercadoal suyo en el semáforo. El conductor <strong>de</strong>l vehículo habría fingido dispararle con sus manos enforma <strong>de</strong> pistola y lo habría amenazado, diciéndole, “ya bájale porque te vamos a matar”.1586. Des<strong>de</strong> principios <strong>de</strong>l año, el Sr. <strong>de</strong> la Rosa Hickerson habría recibido varias otrasamenazas a su celular, en su casa y en su oficina. A<strong>de</strong>más, habría sido objeto <strong>de</strong> seguimiento yvigilancia constante y habría sido <strong>de</strong>tenido en varios retenes militares don<strong>de</strong> le habrían hechopreguntas y le habrían recomendado guardar silencio.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2561587. A la luz <strong>de</strong> esta situación <strong>de</strong> alto riesgo, el Sr. <strong>de</strong> la Rosa Hickerson actualmente seencuentra escondido en un lugar secreto.1588. Se expresó temor que estas amenazas contra el Sr. <strong>de</strong> la Rosa Hickerson podrían estarrelacionadas con las activida<strong>de</strong>s que realiza en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos. Se expresó unaprofunda preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong>l Sr. <strong>de</strong> la Rosa Hickerson.Llamamiento urgente1589. El 15 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator especial sobre los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> los migrantes yel Relator especial sobre formas contemporáneas <strong>de</strong> racismo, discriminación racial, xenofobia yformas conexas <strong>de</strong> intolerancia enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente<strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida en relación con los presuntos atentados contra el <strong>de</strong>recho ala vida y la seguridad personal <strong>de</strong> los migrantes que resi<strong>de</strong>n en la Casa <strong>de</strong>l Migrante <strong>de</strong> Belén,cerca <strong>de</strong> Saltillo en el Estado <strong>de</strong> Coahuila y el hostigamiento contra miembros <strong>de</strong>l personal <strong>de</strong>dicha institución.1590. De conformidad con la información recibida, el 30 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong>l presente año, unjoven <strong>de</strong> origen hondureño, <strong>de</strong> nombre Reyes Gustavo Ardón Alfaro, presuntamente asesinó aacuchilladas a Perla Judith Quintero Caballero, mujer saltillense <strong>de</strong> veintiséis años <strong>de</strong> edad ehirió <strong>de</strong> gravedad a Leslie Flores, quien era la empleada doméstica <strong>de</strong> la hoy occisa. El jovenhondureño aparentemente se <strong>de</strong>sempeñaba como pintor <strong>de</strong>l negocio, propiedad <strong>de</strong> Perla Judith.Ha sido reportado que a partir <strong>de</strong> la ocurrencia <strong>de</strong> dicho caso, las personas migrantes han sidosujetos <strong>de</strong> actitu<strong>de</strong>s xenofóbicas y discriminatorias y que el equipo <strong>de</strong> trabajo <strong>de</strong> la casa <strong>de</strong>lmigrante <strong>de</strong> Belén ha sido sujeto <strong>de</strong> hostigamiento por parte <strong>de</strong> algunos sectores <strong>de</strong> la sociedadcivil y <strong>de</strong> los medios <strong>de</strong> comunicación. Así mismo, han sido reportados los siguientes presuntosacontecimientos:• los días 2, 3 y 4 <strong>de</strong> octubre, algunos <strong>de</strong> los migrantes que habitan en la casamencionada habrían sido objeto <strong>de</strong> agresiones verbales.• el domingo 4 <strong>de</strong> octubre por la noche, presuntamente un migrante <strong>de</strong> origenhondureño habría sido golpeado en la estación <strong>de</strong>l tren por dos individuos, quienes ledirían que se merecía dichos golpes por ser hondureño y porque un hondureño habíaasesinado a una mexicana.• el 11 <strong>de</strong> octubre un grupo <strong>de</strong> entre 10 y 12 personas se habría acercado por la noche ala Casa <strong>de</strong>l Migrante y habría roto y tirado al suelo el medidor <strong>de</strong> luz, interrumpiendo conello el abastecimiento <strong>de</strong> energía eléctrica <strong>de</strong>l lugar.1591. También se informó que a partir <strong>de</strong>l 6 <strong>de</strong> octubre la población migrante que se alberga enla Casa <strong>de</strong>l Migrante <strong>de</strong> Belén, habría disminuido por miedo represalias por parte <strong>de</strong> algunosgrupos <strong>de</strong> la población <strong>de</strong> Saltillo.1592. Finalmente, según la información recibida, el 6 <strong>de</strong> octubre, el Congreso <strong>de</strong> Coahuilahabría emitido un punto <strong>de</strong> acuerdo mediante el cual se solicita al Congreso <strong>de</strong> la Unión, "paraque se realicen las propuestas <strong>de</strong> modificación a la Ley <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> Población con la finalidad <strong>de</strong>


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 257regular en forma clara la situación <strong>de</strong> las llamadas casas <strong>de</strong>l migrante, sin perjudicar los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos <strong>de</strong> los extranjeros que <strong>de</strong> un modo u otro transitan o radican en [México]." El RelatorEspecial sobre los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> los migrantes lamenta que la respuesta <strong>de</strong>l gobiernoincluya una acción legislativa (la modificación <strong>de</strong> la Ley <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> Población) que esta fuera <strong>de</strong>la competencia <strong>de</strong>l Po<strong>de</strong>r Ejecutivo, el cual si tiene competencia para actuar directamente sobrelas medidas <strong>de</strong> protección <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos a los que se refiere este llamado <strong>de</strong> urgencia.1593. Aunque la solicitud realizada al Congreso en dicho instrumento jurídico es <strong>de</strong> caráctergeneral, se habría llamado su atención sobre algunos <strong>de</strong> los elementos contenidos en laexposición <strong>de</strong> motivos <strong>de</strong>l punto <strong>de</strong> acuerdo, en los que se difundirían elementos <strong>de</strong> intoleranciacontra las casas <strong>de</strong> migrantes y los migrantes irregulares.Llamamiento urgente1594. El 22 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con la tentativa <strong>de</strong> asesinato contra el Sr. Jesús Sánchez <strong>de</strong> laBarquera. El Sr. Sánchez <strong>de</strong> la Barquera es ecologista y realiza activida<strong>de</strong>s en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> lasáreas naturales protegidas en el municipio <strong>de</strong> Jilotzingo, Estado <strong>de</strong> México. Ha realizado variascampañas en protesta contra la construcción ilegal en la zona.1595. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 29 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Sánchez <strong>de</strong> laBarquera habría sido víctima <strong>de</strong> un atentado con arma <strong>de</strong> fuego. Un hombre no i<strong>de</strong>ntificado, quehabría estado esperando en un vehículo fuera <strong>de</strong> la casa <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Sánchez <strong>de</strong> la Barquera enJilotzingo, le habría disparado cuando salió para acompañar a su hija a la parada <strong>de</strong>l autobús. Labala habría perforado el hombro <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Sánchez <strong>de</strong> la Barquera.1596. Recientemente, el Sr. Sánchez <strong>de</strong> la Barquera habría recibido varias amenazasadvirtiéndole que <strong>de</strong>be abandonar sus activida<strong>de</strong>s en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> áreas naturales protegidas y encontra <strong>de</strong> la <strong>de</strong>forestación en el municipio.1597. Se expresó temor que estas amenazas y el intento <strong>de</strong> asesinato contra el Sr. Sánchez <strong>de</strong> laBarquera tendrían relaciones con las activida<strong>de</strong>s que realizó en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.Se expresó profunda preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Sánchez <strong>de</strong> laBarquera así como la <strong>de</strong> su familia.Carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones1598. El 9 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos junto con el Relator especial sobre la cuestión <strong>de</strong> la tortura y otros tratos openas crueles, inhumanos o <strong>de</strong>gradantes enviaron una carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones señalando a laatención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida en relación con en relación con enrelación con el Sr. Agustín Humberto Estrada Negrete y el Sr. Jaime Genaro López Vela.1599. El Sr. Agustín Humberto Estrada Negrete es Director <strong>de</strong> los Centros <strong>de</strong> AtenciónMúltiples 33 y 34, en el Municipio <strong>de</strong> Ecatepec, Estado <strong>de</strong> México. Los Centros son escuelas <strong>de</strong>educación especial para niños con discapacidad. El Sr. Estrada es también activista social,promoviendo el reconocimiento y la protección <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los grupos vulnerables,


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 258incluyendo a niños con discapacidad, mujeres y homosexuales. El Sr. Jaime López Vela esabogado <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y director <strong>de</strong> la organización <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos AgendaLGBT.1600. De acuerdo con las informaciones recibidas, el 17 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2007, el Sr. Estradaparticipó en la Feria <strong>de</strong> Lucha contra la Homofobia. Su participación <strong>de</strong>senca<strong>de</strong>nó una serie <strong>de</strong>reacciones homofóbicas y discriminatorias entre algunos servidores públicos, incluyendoamenazas y hostigamiento, con el fin <strong>de</strong> presionarlo para que renunciara a su cargo. El 13 <strong>de</strong>febrero <strong>de</strong> 2008, el Subsecretario <strong>de</strong> Educación <strong>de</strong>l Estado <strong>de</strong> México lo insultó y amenazó <strong>de</strong>muerte frente a varios padres <strong>de</strong> familia.1601. El día siguiente el Sr. Estrada fue notificado <strong>de</strong> la licencia obligatoria con goce <strong>de</strong> sueldopara retirarse <strong>de</strong>l cargo <strong>de</strong> Director Escolar por un año, aunque él no la había solicitado. Comoresultado, el Sr. Estrada empezó a protestar en varias instancias locales y fe<strong>de</strong>rales, <strong>de</strong>nunciandosu <strong>de</strong>spido ilegal. El 20 <strong>de</strong> junio, el Director <strong>de</strong> Gobierno y el Jefe <strong>de</strong>l Departamento <strong>de</strong>Gobernación <strong>de</strong>l Estado <strong>de</strong> México agredieron física y verbalmente al Profesor Estrada Negrete,y lo amenazaron con golpearlo y privarle <strong>de</strong> su vida.1602. El 20 <strong>de</strong> mayo tomó posesión como suplente <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Estrada la Sra. Norma AlejandraSandoval Márquez. Un día <strong>de</strong>spués, la Sra. Sandoval Márquez interrumpió las clases <strong>de</strong> losalumnos, gritándoles frases discriminatorias y ofensivas para que se retiraran <strong>de</strong> la escuela juntocon sus padres. También empujó y jaloneó a uno <strong>de</strong> los alumnos, Miguel Ángel Bautista Pérez.La madre <strong>de</strong>l alumno <strong>de</strong>nunció a la directora por abuso <strong>de</strong> autoridad, y aunque el MinisterioPúblico emitió una or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> aprehensión, ésta nunca fue ejecutada. En los meses sucesivos,continuaron los maltratos y la discriminación hacia los niños. Cuando la Sra. Azucena EscobarMonroy regresó a la escuela para obtener una constancia correcta para tramitar una beca, fuegolpeada por otros padres <strong>de</strong> familia, por ór<strong>de</strong>nes <strong>de</strong> la directora. La Sra. Escobar Monroyintentó inscribir a su hijo en otra escuela, pero le fue imposible <strong>de</strong>bido a que no contaba con laconstancia <strong>de</strong> estudios.1603. El 16 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong> 2009, día en el cual se concluía la licencia forzada, el Sr. Estrada sepresentó en las instalaciones para reintegrarse a sus funciones. No se le permitió el ingreso, porlo que el Sr. Estrada se dirigió hacia la Casa <strong>de</strong> Gobierno para protestar. En ese momentollegaron los grana<strong>de</strong>ros y comenzaron un <strong>de</strong>salojo violento, durante el cual golpearon a niños ypadres <strong>de</strong> familia que se encontraban ahí. El Sr. Estrada presentó una <strong>de</strong>nuncia en la Agencia <strong>de</strong>lMinisterio Público (EM/MR/1219/09).1604. El 17 <strong>de</strong> febrero se les negó el acceso a los menores <strong>de</strong> edad cuyos padres pedían lareinstalación <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Estrada Negrete. Tampoco se les permitió la entrada a los profesores que loapoyaban.1605. El Sr. Estrada fue citado el 7 <strong>de</strong> mayo por las autorida<strong>de</strong>s estatales para resolver susituación. Junto con él se presentaron su abogado, el Sr. López Vela, y algunas madres <strong>de</strong> familia,quienes fueron interceptados en la puerta <strong>de</strong>l Palacio <strong>de</strong> Gobierno. Los agredieron verbalmente,y cuando llegó un grupo <strong>de</strong> aproximadamente 100 grana<strong>de</strong>ros, éstos comenzaron a golpear a lasmadres con el fin <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>salojarlas. Una niña <strong>de</strong> 15 años fue golpeada con cachetadas y pateadahasta que se <strong>de</strong>smayó. El Sr. López Vela fue <strong>de</strong>tenido y subido a la fuerza a la patrulla 1219 <strong>de</strong>


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 259la agencia <strong>de</strong> seguridad estatal. Dentro <strong>de</strong> la patrulla fue golpeado en los brazos, rodillas, pecho yestómago. Fue liberado bajo fianza al día siguiente.1606. El Sr. Estrada también fue golpeado cuando trató <strong>de</strong> escapar. Fue trasladado al interior <strong>de</strong>una ambulancia, don<strong>de</strong> le azotaron la cabeza <strong>de</strong>bajo <strong>de</strong> una camilla, lo estrangularon, lepresionaron los testículos y lo golpearon el estómago. Nuevamente fue amenazado <strong>de</strong> muerte yagredido verbalmente. El Sr. Estrada fue trasladado al sótano <strong>de</strong> la Procuraduría <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong>lEstado <strong>de</strong> México, don<strong>de</strong> le cubrieron la cabeza con su camisa y continuaron golpeándolodurante un par <strong>de</strong> horas. Después fue puesto a disposición <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio Público por los <strong>de</strong>litos<strong>de</strong> ataques a las vías <strong>de</strong> comunicación y medios <strong>de</strong> transporte.1607. El 8 <strong>de</strong> mayo, el Sr. Estrado fue llevado al reclusorio Almoloya <strong>de</strong> Juárez. Fue llevadoante un médico, quien se negó a certificar sus lesiones. Después fue llevado a una celda don<strong>de</strong> seencontraban casi 30 personas. Algunos <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>tenidos comenzaron a quitarle la ropa conviolencia, y tuvo que dormir <strong>de</strong> pie y <strong>de</strong>snudo hasta que otro <strong>de</strong>tenido le prestó algo <strong>de</strong> ropa. Alsiguiente día, mientras regresaba <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>clarar su <strong>de</strong>claración, el Sr. Estrada fue sujetado confuerza y violencia, le taparon la cara con una capucha, lo patearon y los asfixiaron.Aproximadamente seis hombres los arrastraron hacia el interior <strong>de</strong> una celda, don<strong>de</strong> fue violadopor varios <strong>de</strong>tenidos, presuntamente por ór<strong>de</strong>nes superiores. Los custodios estaban a menos <strong>de</strong>cinco metros <strong>de</strong>l lugar don<strong>de</strong> ocurrió la violación sexual.1608. El Sr. Estrada salió <strong>de</strong> la cárcel el 9 <strong>de</strong> mayo, <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> haber pagado la fianza. Sedirigió al Ministerio Pública <strong>de</strong> ciudad Cuauhtémoc y a San Cristobal Ecatepec, don<strong>de</strong> senegaron a recibir la <strong>de</strong>nuncia <strong>de</strong> los hechos. El 11 <strong>de</strong> mayo registró una queja en la Comisión <strong>de</strong>Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong>l Estado <strong>de</strong> México por agresión física y sexual. Ese día presentó tambiénuna <strong>de</strong>nuncia ante la Procuraduría <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong> Justicia. A pesar <strong>de</strong> los diversos intentos <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>nunciar los hechos, las autorida<strong>de</strong>s no han tomado acciones concretas o medidas precautoriaspara proteger la integridad <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Estrada o para investigar los hechos.1609. Entre el 11 y 14 <strong>de</strong> mayo, patrullas <strong>de</strong> las agencias <strong>de</strong> seguridad estatales vigilaron al Sr.Estrada afuera <strong>de</strong> su domicilio. El 18 <strong>de</strong> junio recibió una llamada anónima en la cual se leamenazó con acabar sus <strong>de</strong>nuncias públicas. Las llamadas se repitieron durante varias semanas.Su abogado, el Sr. López Vela, también ha recibido amenazas contra su vida por continuar conlas <strong>de</strong>nuncias. El Sr. Estrada fue obligado a abandonar su hogar y mudarse a otra ciudad.Llamamiento urgente1610. El 2 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos junto con el Relator especial sobre la promoción y protección <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>rechoa la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atenciónurgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida en relación con la Sra. Merce<strong>de</strong>s Murillo Monge,presi<strong>de</strong>nta <strong>de</strong>l Frente Cívico Sinaloense, FCS. El FCS ha <strong>de</strong>nunciado violaciones a los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos cometidos por elementos castrenses en el contexto <strong>de</strong> la lucha contra grupos <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>lincuencia organizada.1611. Según las informaciones recibidas: el 12 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, en la madrugada, más <strong>de</strong>20 agentes militares habrían llegado a la casa <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Murillo Monge. Cuando la Sra. MurilloMonge habría abierto la puerta aproximadamente cinco agentes militares le habrían apuntado


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 260con armas <strong>de</strong> fuego. Le habrían informado que tenían que verificar su i<strong>de</strong>ntidad y su domicilio yhabrían hecho preguntas sobre su familia. Asimismo, le habrían informado que estaban actuandobajo ór<strong>de</strong>nes <strong>de</strong> su general. Habrían aceptado una tarjeta profesional como comprobante <strong>de</strong>i<strong>de</strong>ntificación.1612. No es la primera vez que un integrante <strong>de</strong>l FCS es objeto <strong>de</strong> agresión o intimidación. El 7<strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Relator Especial sobre la promoción y la protección <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a lalibertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión y la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos habrían enviado una comunicación conjunta al Gobierno <strong>de</strong> su Excelenciaen relación con un intento <strong>de</strong> asesinato contra el Sr. Monárrez Meraz, secretario <strong>de</strong>l FCS.Todavía no se ha recibido una respuesta a dicha comunicación y supuestamente los integrantes<strong>de</strong>l FCS siguen sin medidas <strong>de</strong> protección. Asimismo, el hermano <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Murillo Monge,Ricardo Murillo Monge, uno <strong>de</strong> los fundadores <strong>de</strong> la organización FCS, habría sido secuestradoy asesinado en 2007. La policía todavía no habría i<strong>de</strong>ntificado los responsable <strong>de</strong> este crimen.1613. Se expresó temor que este acto <strong>de</strong> intimidación contra la Sra. Murillo Monge tendríanrelación con las activida<strong>de</strong>s que realiza en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, en particular, con laposición pública que el Frente ha adoptado sobre la inconveniencia <strong>de</strong> que las fuerzas armadasrealicen activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> seguridad pública, así como con el caso que el Frente Cívico Sinaloensellevó en este año ante la Suprema Corte <strong>de</strong> Justicia <strong>de</strong> la Nación con el fin <strong>de</strong> que se revisara laconstitucionalidad <strong>de</strong>l ejercicio <strong>de</strong> la jurisdicción militar en los casos en que algún elemento <strong>de</strong>las fuerzas armadas sea acusado <strong>de</strong> haber violado los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> civiles. Se expresóprofunda preocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Murillo Monge así comola <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>más miembros <strong>de</strong>l FCS.Observaciones1614. La Relatora Especial agra<strong>de</strong>ce las respuestas proporcionadas por el Gobierno <strong>de</strong> Méxicoy expresa su satisfacción por el hecho <strong>de</strong> que se hayan iniciado investigaciones en varios <strong>de</strong> loscasos presentados a la atención <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno por la Relatora. La Relatora Especial expresatambién su satisfacción por los procesos <strong>de</strong> protección que se han implementado en varios casos.No obstante, la Relatora Especial lamenta que al momento <strong>de</strong> finalizar el presente informe nohabía recibido respuesta a diecinueve <strong>de</strong> sus comunicaciones en 2009. La Relatora Especialconsi<strong>de</strong>ra que al respon<strong>de</strong>r a las comunicaciones representa un elemento fundamental para lacooperación <strong>de</strong> los Estados con el mandato, es por ello que insta al gobierno mexicano a que leproporcione una respuesta tratando los asuntos mencionados.1615. La Relatora Especial insta al Gobierno a que proporcione información adicional yresultados concretos <strong>de</strong> las investigaciones mencionadas en las respuestas enviadas, y solicitainformación sobre las comunicaciones que aún no han sido respondidas.1616. A pesar <strong>de</strong> estos progresos, la Relatora Especial expresa preocupación sobre el hecho <strong>de</strong>que sigue recibiendo información en relación con graves violaciones contra los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, y especialmente por los casos que se refieren a los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos<strong>de</strong> los pueblos indígenas. Asimismo la Relatora Especial ha notado con preocupación varioscasos <strong>de</strong> acoso y hostigamiento en relación con los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los migrantesen México. Sobre todo, hay preocupaciones graves sobre las restricciones por <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en relación con la libertad <strong>de</strong> expresión, incluyendo la libertad <strong>de</strong> la prensa.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 261Este problema es muy marcado en relación con los <strong>de</strong>fensores que investigan, vigilan, registran yhagan pública la corrupción, el crimen organizado y las violaciones cometidas por las fuerzasarmadas y las autorida<strong>de</strong>s con el fin <strong>de</strong> luchar contra la impunidad por aquellos que cometen lasviolaciones <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos. La Relatora Especial reitera su preocupación por lasviolaciones contra el <strong>de</strong>recho a la vida y la integridad física (tanto asesinatos como amenazas <strong>de</strong>muerte, así como las <strong>de</strong>sapariciones forzadas) y los actos <strong>de</strong> acoso e intimidación contra<strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> México.Letter of allegationsMongolia1617. On 14 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur sent a letter of allegations to the Governmentconcerning the refusal to register the Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgen<strong>de</strong>r (LGBT) Centre inMongolia. The LGBT Centre is a non-governmental organisation (NGO) based in Ulaanbaatar,Mongolia, that works to protect and promote the rights of LGBT persons.1618. According to information received, on 11 June 2009, Ms. Khulan Davaa, the LGBTCentre’s lawyer, who is working to facilitate the registration of the NGO, was reportedlyinformed by the State Registration Authority that the LGBT Centre’s application for legalregistration had been <strong>de</strong>nied. The State Registration Authority allegedly stated that theorganisation could not be registered for the following alleged reasons: 1) the full name “LesbianGay Bisexual Transgen<strong>de</strong>r Centre” is too long; 2) the name is not well un<strong>de</strong>rstood in Mongolia;3) the abbreviation “LGBT” is not permitted un<strong>de</strong>r Mongolian law; and 4) it is not sufficientlyclear to the public what activities the NGO is engaged in.1619. This refusal comes after several previous attempts to register the LGBT Centre as anNGO. In February 2007, the founding members of the organisation registered its name with theState Registration Authority in Mongolia as “Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgen<strong>de</strong>r Centre”(LGBT Centre). Following this, they procee<strong>de</strong>d to apply for official registration as an NGO. Atthe time, they were informed by the Ministry of Justice and Home Affairs of Mongolia that thename of the organisation was problematic since it is not in the Mongolian language. Despite thefact that several legally registered NGOs in Mongolia have foreign words in their name, and<strong>de</strong>spite the fact that the Programme Manager of the Inter<strong>national</strong> Gay and Lesbian HumanRights Commission (IGLHRC) wrote to the Ministry of Justice and Home Affairs of Mongoliaconfirming that the terms “lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgen<strong>de</strong>r” and “LGBT” are officiallyrecognized at the inter<strong>national</strong> level, the LGBT Centre was not permitted to register at the time.1620. On 24 April 2009, Mr. Ts Otgonbaatar and Ms. Robyn Garner, founding members of theLGBT Centre, reapplied for the legal registration of their organisation, this time to the StateRegistration Authority which had since assumed responsibility for the registration of NGOs. Onarrival to the offices, they were falsely informed that their organisation could not be registeredsince the founding members were not of Mongolian <strong>national</strong>ity. In or<strong>de</strong>r to solve this problem,they revised their registration application and stated that Mr. Otgonbaatar, who is of Mongolian<strong>national</strong>ity, is the sole foun<strong>de</strong>r of the LGBT Centre.1621. On 27 April 2009, Mr. Otgonbaatar returned to the offices of the State RegistrationAuthority where he was informed that he could collect the NGO registration certificate within 2days. However, that evening, he received a telephone call from the State Registration Authority


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 262telling him that there were problems with the application and asking whether the term LGBTcould be consi<strong>de</strong>red an accepted term in Mongolia and un<strong>de</strong>r inter<strong>national</strong> law. Despite the factthat Mr. Otgonbaatar subsequently provi<strong>de</strong>d the State Registration Authority with copies ofinter<strong>national</strong> human rights documents in which the term “LGBT” is used, the registrationapplication was still <strong>de</strong>nied.1622. Concern was expressed that the repeated refusal to register the LGBT Centre may berelated to the legitimate activities carried out by this organisation in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, inparticular the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgen<strong>de</strong>r persons.Observations1623. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time the present report was submitted, noresponse had been received to the communication sent on 14 July 2009. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs responseto her communications as an important part of the cooperation of Governments with her mandate,and urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her.Appel urgentMorocco1624. Le 21 août 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécial sur lapromotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion, a envoyé un appel urgent concernant lasituation <strong>de</strong> M. Ennaama Asfari. M. Asfari est le co-prési<strong>de</strong>nt du Comité pour le respect <strong>de</strong>slibertés et <strong>de</strong>s droits humains au Sahara occi<strong>de</strong>ntal – CORELSO. M. Asfari a fait l'objet d'unappel urgent envoyé par le Rapporteur spécial sur la torture et l'ex-Représentante spéciale duSecrétaire général concernant la situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme le 23 avril 2008.Nous accusons réception <strong>de</strong> la réponse du Gouvernement <strong>de</strong> votre Excellence en date du 20 juin2008. Selon les nouvelles informations reçues :1625. Depuis sa participation à une conférence sur le Sahara occi<strong>de</strong>ntal en Algérie en juillet2009, M. Asfari serait suivi et ferait l’objet d’actes d’intimidation par la police marocaine.1626. Le 14 août 2009, lors d’un contrôle d’i<strong>de</strong>ntité à un barrage <strong>de</strong> police à Tan-Tan, M.Asfari aurait été contraint <strong>de</strong> retirer le drapeau Sahraoui <strong>de</strong> son porte clés et aurait été agressé parun agent <strong>de</strong> police avant d’être arrêté. Le 17 août 2009, M. Asfari aurait été accusé « d´ insulte àun fonctionnaire <strong>de</strong> l’Etat » et aurait comparu <strong>de</strong>vant un Tribunal à Tan-Tan. Son procès auraitété ajourné jusqu’au 24 août 2009.1627. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que l’arrestation et la détention <strong>de</strong> M. Asfarisoient liées à ses activités non violentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’Homme.Par ailleurs, compte tenu <strong>de</strong>s conditions brutales <strong>de</strong> son arrestation, <strong>de</strong>s craintes sont égalementexprimées quant à la sécurité physique et psychologique <strong>de</strong> M. Asfari pendant sa détention.Réponse du Gouvernement1628. Le 9 novembre 2009, le Gouvernement marocain a répondu à l’appel urgent du 21 août2009. Le Gouvernement informe que lors d’un contrôle routier le 14 août 2009, M. Asfari, aprèsavoir refusé <strong>de</strong> décliner son i<strong>de</strong>ntité et <strong>de</strong> présenter les papiers <strong>de</strong> son véhicule, a quitté sa


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 263voiture pour proférer une série d’insultes à l’adresse <strong>de</strong>s agents <strong>de</strong> police tout en les menaçant àl’ai<strong>de</strong> d’une pierre avant <strong>de</strong> s’en prendre physiquement à quatre d’entre eux.1629. Le substitut du Procureur du Roi près le tribunal <strong>de</strong> 1ère instance <strong>de</strong> Tan Tan a ordonnél’interpellation <strong>de</strong> M. Asfari ainsi que celle <strong>de</strong> son neveu, qui l’a soutenu dans ce méfait. Aumoment <strong>de</strong> sa conduite aux locaux <strong>de</strong> police, M. Asfari a violenté les policiers chargés <strong>de</strong> sontransfert, nécessitant leur évacuation à l’hôpital et leur causant respectivement <strong>de</strong>s arrêts <strong>de</strong>travail <strong>de</strong> 4, 5 et 25 jours.1630. Lors <strong>de</strong> son audition dans les locaux <strong>de</strong> la police judiciaire, M. Asfari a reconnu les faitset placé sous mandat <strong>de</strong> dépôt à la prison <strong>de</strong> Tan Tan. Le 27 août 2009, M. Asfari a étécondamné à 4 mois <strong>de</strong> prison ferme pour refus d’obtempérer, outrage aux fonctionnaires lors <strong>de</strong>l’exercice <strong>de</strong> leurs fonctions, insultes et injures, menaces et utilisation <strong>de</strong> la violence, ayant causé<strong>de</strong>s blessures en vertu <strong>de</strong>s articles 263 et 267 du co<strong>de</strong> pénal.1631. L’arrestation <strong>de</strong> M. Asfari est liée à l’accomplissement d’actes interdits par la loi et doncpassibles <strong>de</strong> sanctions et n’a, <strong>de</strong> ce fait, aucun rapport avec ses activités séparatistes ni avec saparticipation, en toute liberté et sans la moindre restriction, au festival <strong>de</strong> la culture sahraouieorganisé en Algérie au mois <strong>de</strong> juillet 2009. Les allégations <strong>de</strong> mauvais traitements et agressiondont aurait été victime M. Asfari sont dénuées <strong>de</strong> tout fon<strong>de</strong>ment.1632. Quant aux allégations relatives au non respect <strong>de</strong>s conditions du procès équitable, M.Asfari a bénéficié, durant toute la pério<strong>de</strong> du procès, <strong>de</strong> tous ces droits dans le respect <strong>de</strong> ladignité humaine. Les représentants <strong>de</strong> certaines organisations marocaines et étrangères <strong>de</strong>s droits<strong>de</strong> l’homme ainsi que <strong>de</strong>ux avocats étrangers ont assisté à cette audience.Appel urgent1633. Le 14 octobre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Prési<strong>de</strong>nt Rapporteurdu Groupe <strong>de</strong> Travail sur la détention arbitraire et le Rapporteur spécial sur la torture et autrespeines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou dégradants, a envoyé un appel urgent concernantl’arrestation <strong>de</strong> M. Ali Salem Tamek, secrétaire général du <strong>Collectif</strong> <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs sahraouis<strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme (CODESA) ; M. Yahdih Ettarrouzi, membre du CODESA ; M. BrahimDahane, prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> l’Association Sahraouie <strong>de</strong>s Victimes <strong>de</strong>s Violations graves <strong>de</strong>s Droits <strong>de</strong>l'Homme commises par l'Etat du marocain (ASVDH) ; M. Ahmad Anasiri, prési<strong>de</strong>nt du comité<strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong> droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme à Smara et Prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> l’association marocaine <strong>de</strong>s Droits <strong>de</strong>l’Homme (AMDH), section <strong>de</strong> Smara; M. Saleh Lebayhi, prési<strong>de</strong>nt du Forum pour la protection<strong>de</strong>s enfants sahraouis, membre du CODESA et <strong>de</strong> l’AMDH, section <strong>de</strong> Laayoune ; M. RachidSghayar, membre du Comité d’action contre la Torture à Dakhla, Sahara Occi<strong>de</strong>ntal ; et MmeDegja Lachgar, membre du Comité pour la défense du droit <strong>de</strong> l'autodétermination pour lepeuple du Sahara Occi<strong>de</strong>ntal (CODAPSO). Messieurs Tamek, Ettarrouzi et Dahane ont faitl’objet <strong>de</strong> plusieurs communications envoyées le 28 octobre 2004, le 8 novembre 2005, le 13avril 2006, le 4 octobre 2006 et le 30 novembre 2007. Nous accusons réception <strong>de</strong>s réponsesfournies par le Gouvernement <strong>de</strong> votre Excellence aux communications précitées. Cependant,nous regrettons l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse à la communication en date du 30 novembre 2007 envoyéepar l’ex-Représentante spéciale du Secrétaire général concernant la situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>sdroits <strong>de</strong> l'homme et le Rapporteur spécial sur le droit à l'éducation. Selon les informationsreçues:


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2641634. Le 8 octobre 2009, les sept personnes susmentionnées auraient été arrêtées par lesautorités marocaines à l’aéroport Mohamed V <strong>de</strong> Casablanca. Des agents <strong>de</strong> sécurité marocainsles auraient interceptées à leur sortie d’avion en provenance d’Algérie et emmenées vers une<strong>de</strong>stination inconnue.1635. Les collègues <strong>de</strong>s personnes susmentionnées, venus les accueillir à l’aéroport, auraientremarqué une forte présence policière ce jour là. Il est allégué que ces arrestations seraient liées àleur visite <strong>de</strong> camps <strong>de</strong> refugiés sahraouis dans le sud-ouest <strong>de</strong> l’Algérie.1636. Le 12 octobre 2009, la police aurait reconnu l’arrestation <strong>de</strong>s sept personnessusmentionnées et leur détention à Casablanca. Néanmoins, la police aurait refusé <strong>de</strong>communiquer leur lieu <strong>de</strong> détention. Il est allégué que leur détention incommunicado auraitdépassé la durée légale <strong>de</strong> gar<strong>de</strong> a vue <strong>de</strong> 48 heures prolongeable jusqu’à 72 heures prévue par laloi marocaine.1637. Le 13 octobre, les familles <strong>de</strong>s détenus auraient entamé une grève <strong>de</strong> la faim <strong>de</strong> 48 heuresen signe <strong>de</strong> protestation.1638. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que l’arrestation et la détention incommunicado<strong>de</strong> M. Ali Salem Tamek, M. Yahdih Ettarrouzi, M. Brahim Dahane, M. Ahmad Anasiri, M.Saleh Lebayhi, M. Rachid Sghayar et Mme Degja Lachgar soient liées à leurs activités nonviolentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. Des craintes sont égalementexprimées quant à l’intégrité physique et mentale <strong>de</strong> ces personnes.Lettre d’allégations1639. Le 21 octobre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale a envoyé une lettre d’allégations sur lasituation <strong>de</strong> Mme Sukeina Idrissi. Mme Idrissi est Prési<strong>de</strong>nte du Forum Avenir <strong>de</strong> la FemmeSahraouie (FAFESA) et membre <strong>de</strong> l’Association Sahraouie <strong>de</strong>s Victimes <strong>de</strong>s Violations graves<strong>de</strong>s Droits <strong>de</strong> l'Homme commises par l'Etat marocain (ASVDH). Selon les informations reçues :1640. Le 1er octobre 2009, alors qu’elle se rendait à Bojador en voiture après avoir assisté auprocès <strong>de</strong> trois détenus sahraouis à El Ayoun, Mme Idrissi aurait été arrêtée par les forces <strong>de</strong>police et la police secrète. Apres lui avoir <strong>de</strong>mandé, ainsi qu’aux <strong>de</strong>ux autres femmes sahraouiesqui l’accompagnaient, <strong>de</strong> présenter leurs papiers d’i<strong>de</strong>ntité, les policiers auraient fait <strong>de</strong>scendreMme Idrissi du véhicule en déclarant que le Ministre <strong>de</strong> l’intérieur du Maroc avait ordonné sadétention. Il est allégué que Mme Idrissi aurait été battue avant d’être emmenée vers une<strong>de</strong>stination inconnue dans une voiture <strong>de</strong> patrouille <strong>de</strong> la police secrète.1641. Il est également allégué que les <strong>de</strong>ux femmes qui accompagnaient Mme Idrissi auraienttenté <strong>de</strong> s’enquérir <strong>de</strong> son lieu <strong>de</strong> détention et <strong>de</strong>s charges retenues contre elle auprès <strong>de</strong> la police,sans succès. La station centrale <strong>de</strong> police d’El Ayoun leur aurait déclaré que Mme Idrissi n’étaitpas détenue dans leurs locaux. Le Procureur général du roi, la gendarmerie, la police, les forces<strong>de</strong> sécurité, les militaires et l’ordre judiciaire leur auraient tous assuré que Mme Idrissi n’étaitpas détenue.1642. Le 4 octobre, Mme Idrissi aurait été libérée après avoir été interrogée par la police.Aucune explication ne lui aurait été donnée sur les raisons <strong>de</strong> sa détention.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2651643. Des craintes sont exprimées que l’arrestation et la détention <strong>de</strong> Mme Idrissi, ainsi quel’usage excessif <strong>de</strong> la force à son encontre, soient liés à ses activités non violentes <strong>de</strong> promotionet <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme.Lettre d’allégations1644. Le 26 novembre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale a envoyé une lettre d’allégations sur lasituation <strong>de</strong> Mme Aminatou Haidar. Mme Haidar est la prési<strong>de</strong>nte du <strong>Collectif</strong> <strong>de</strong>s DéfenseursSahraouis <strong>de</strong>s Droits <strong>de</strong> l´Homme (CODESA) et lauréate <strong>de</strong> plusieurs prix internationaux <strong>de</strong>sdroits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. Mme Haidar a fait l’objet d’un appel urgent envoyé par la Prési<strong>de</strong>nte-Rapporteur du Groupe <strong>de</strong> Travail sur la détention arbitraire, le Rapporteur spécial sur lapromotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, le Rapporteur spécialsur la torture et l’ancienne Représentante spéciale du Secrétaire général concernant la situation<strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme le 28 juillet 2005.Selon les informations reçues:1645. Le 14 novembre 2009, Mme Haidar aurait été arrêtée par les forces <strong>de</strong> police à sa<strong>de</strong>scente d’avion à l’aéroport <strong>de</strong> Laayoune. Des policiers et gendarmes auraient encerclél’aéroport avant l’arrivée <strong>de</strong> l’avion.1646. Mme Haidar aurait été retenue à l’aéroport et interrogée par la police pendant près <strong>de</strong> 24heures. Pendant sa détention, il lui aurait été <strong>de</strong>mandé <strong>de</strong> remplir le formulaire d’entrée sur leterritoire marocain en spécifiant sa <strong>national</strong>ité marocaine. Ayant exprimé son refus <strong>de</strong> s’i<strong>de</strong>ntifiercomme citoyenne marocaine, Mme Haidar se serait vu confisquer son passeport par la policeavant d’être expulsée vers les Iles Canaries le 24 novembre 2009.1647. Il est allégué qu’à son arrivée à l’aéroport <strong>de</strong> Lanzarote aux Iles Canaries, la policeespagnole l’aurait contrainte à quitter l’aéroport. Mme Hai<strong>de</strong>r aurait déposé une plainte aucommissariat <strong>de</strong> l'aéroport <strong>de</strong> Lanzarote et aurait déclaré son intention <strong>de</strong> commencer une grève<strong>de</strong> la faim pour protester contre son expulsion.1648. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que l’arrestation et l’expulsion <strong>de</strong> Mme Haidarsoient liées à ses activités non violentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme.Réponse du Gouvernement1649. e 25 janvier 2010, le Gouvernement marocain a répondu à la lettre d’allégations du 26novembre 2009. Le Gouvernement précise qu’en arrivant le 13 novembre 2009 à l’aéroport <strong>de</strong>Layyoune, Mme Haidar a refusé d’accomplir les formalités réglementaires prévues en matière <strong>de</strong>droit d’entrée au territoire <strong>national</strong>. L’intéressée a notamment refuse <strong>de</strong> renseigner la caseréservée à la désignation <strong>de</strong> la <strong>national</strong>ité sur la fiche <strong>de</strong> débarquement <strong>de</strong>s passagers comprenantnotamment le nom, prénom, la date <strong>de</strong> naissance, la <strong>national</strong>ité, l’aéroport <strong>de</strong> départ et d’arrivée.En tant que donnée pertinente utilisée aux fins <strong>de</strong> contrôle <strong>de</strong>s frontières, <strong>de</strong> la lutte contrel’immigration clan<strong>de</strong>stine, <strong>de</strong> la prévention et <strong>de</strong> la répression <strong>de</strong>s actes terroristes,conformément aux recommandations <strong>de</strong> l’Organisation inter<strong>national</strong>e <strong>de</strong> l’Aviation civile(OACI), les agents charges <strong>de</strong>s contrôles transfrontières ont attire l’attention <strong>de</strong> l’intéressé sur cemanquement. Il ne s’agit donc pas d’une arrestation mais d’une procédure <strong>de</strong> contrôle <strong>de</strong>sinformations contenues dans les fiches <strong>de</strong> débarquement <strong>de</strong>s passagers entrant dans le territoiremarocain en vue <strong>de</strong> les confronter avec les données contenues dans leurs documents <strong>de</strong> voyage


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 266ou dans leurs visas. Le Maroc fait partie <strong>de</strong> ces pays ou la formalité <strong>de</strong> la fiche <strong>de</strong> débarquementest une condition obligatoire, au même titre que le passeport, pour entrer au territoire <strong>national</strong>,Cette condition s’impose à toute personne qu’elle soit étrangère ou <strong>national</strong>e.1650. Mme Haidar a signale qu’il ne s’agissait pas d’une omission mais d’un acte délibéré en seproclamant comme non-marocaine et refusant <strong>de</strong> ce fait <strong>de</strong> renseigner la case <strong>de</strong> la fiche <strong>de</strong>débarquement réglementaire.1651. Avise <strong>de</strong>s faits, le Procureur du Roi près le Tribunal <strong>de</strong> 1ère instance <strong>de</strong> Laayoune, s’estdéplacé sur les lieux et a procédé, à l’audition <strong>de</strong> l’intéressée, en présence <strong>de</strong> son oncle et <strong>de</strong>snotables <strong>de</strong> sa tribu. Contrairement à l’allégation <strong>de</strong> l’interrogatoire et <strong>de</strong> la détention <strong>de</strong>l’intéressée pendant près <strong>de</strong> 24 heures, cette audition a duré 2h20mn (<strong>de</strong> 22h40 à 1h du matin) eta été sanctionnée par un procès verbal dument signé par Mme Haidar.1652. L’intéressé a tenu à exprimer <strong>de</strong>vant le Procureur venu l’auditionner le reniement <strong>de</strong> sa<strong>national</strong>ité marocaine en procédant dans un acte <strong>de</strong> défi et <strong>de</strong> provocation, à la restitution <strong>de</strong> sonpasseport qui symbolise son rattachement à la <strong>national</strong>ité marocaine, ajoutant publiquementqu’elle ne reconnaissait aucune validité ou pertinence juridique au passeport marocain. Enrestituant son titre <strong>de</strong> voyage aux autorités marocaines, celles-ci ne pouvaient que se leréapproprier et le reprendre sachant que ce titre reste la propriété <strong>de</strong> l’Etat marocain.1653. A l’issue <strong>de</strong> son audition par le Procureur du Roi, le Tribunal <strong>de</strong> 1ere instance <strong>de</strong>Laayoune, Mme Haidar n’a plus souhaité accé<strong>de</strong>r au territoire <strong>national</strong> et a manifesté sa volonté<strong>de</strong> rester dans la « zone inter<strong>national</strong> » <strong>de</strong> l’aéroport <strong>de</strong> Laayoune, dans l’attente d’embarquer àbord du premier avion à <strong>de</strong>stination <strong>de</strong>s Iles Canaries. L’intéressé n’a donc a aucun moment étéprivée d’entrer sur le territoire marocain, et les autorités n’ont fait qu’accé<strong>de</strong>r favorablement à sa<strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>.1654. L’allégation d’expulsion est par conséquent infondée, puisqu’une telle mesureadministrative entourée <strong>de</strong> garanties légales ne s’applique qu’aux étrangers en situationirrégulière ou qui menacent l’ordre public. En outre, au-<strong>de</strong>là d’une simple mesure administrative,l’intervention <strong>de</strong>s autorités étatiques aurait été indispensable pour lui donner un effet et enl’espèce Aminatou Haidar n’a pas été embarquée par la force au bord <strong>de</strong> l’avion à <strong>de</strong>stination <strong>de</strong>sIles Canaries et ce, au vu et au su du commandant <strong>de</strong> bord, du personnel navigant ainsi que <strong>de</strong>spassagers. A cet égard, les opérations d’expulsion (reconduites aux frontières) sont ordonnées,par décision motivée, à l’encontre <strong>de</strong> tout étranger pour entrée illégale au Maroc ou poursituation <strong>de</strong> séjour irrégulier sur le territoire <strong>national</strong>.1655. La présence <strong>de</strong>s forces <strong>de</strong> l’ordre autour <strong>de</strong> l’aéroport relève <strong>de</strong>s mesures <strong>de</strong> sécuritéhabituelles mises en place dans tous les aéroports du mon<strong>de</strong> afin <strong>de</strong> garantir et préserver lasécurité et la quiétu<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>s citoyens et <strong>de</strong>s voyageurs.1656. Dans le cadre <strong>de</strong> l’agenda dévoilé <strong>de</strong>s adversaires <strong>de</strong> l’intégrité territoriale du Royaumedu Maroc, Aminatou Haidar a délibérément décidé <strong>de</strong> renier sa <strong>national</strong>ité marocaine. A ce titre,Mme Haidar n’a jamais agi en tant que défenseur <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’Homme mais plutôt commeactiviste politique ayant un agenda politique bien défini et encadre visant à porter atteinte à lasouveraineté du Maroc. Sous prétexte <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme, l’intéressée avait <strong>de</strong>s contactspermanents, étroits et complices avec ses donneurs d’ordre et pourvoyeurs <strong>de</strong> fonds, les services


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 267algériens. Profitant <strong>de</strong> l’espace <strong>de</strong> liberté et d’ouverture démocratique du Royaume, Mme Haidartravaille ouvertement pour les intérêts d’un gouvernement étranger.1657. Les actes, déclarations et objectifs poursuivis par Mme Hai<strong>de</strong>r sont en complètecontradiction avec les termes <strong>de</strong> la résolution <strong>de</strong> l’Assemblée générale 53/144 du 9 décembre1998 relative aux droits et obligations <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’Homme.1658. Mme Haidar a un « engagement » à géométrie fixe en matière <strong>de</strong> droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. Onne lui connaît aucune position sur la dramatique celle là, <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme dans les camps<strong>de</strong> Tindouf en Algérie.1659. Concernant le retour <strong>de</strong> Mme Haidar au Maroc, l’intéressée est arrivée le 17 décembre2009 à l’aéroport Hassan 1er <strong>de</strong> Laayoune à bord d’un avion médicalisé en provenance <strong>de</strong>s IlesCanaries. Apres avoir satisfait aux formalités d’usage auprès <strong>de</strong>s services <strong>de</strong> police et <strong>de</strong> douane<strong>de</strong> l’aéroport, conformément à la législation marocaine, l’intéressé a accédé au territoire duRoyaume du Maroc, munie <strong>de</strong> son passeport marocain. Le retour <strong>de</strong> Mme Haidar fait suite auxnombreux appels <strong>de</strong> dirigeants <strong>de</strong> pays amis et partenaires. Tous ont intercédé, pour <strong>de</strong>s raisonsstrictement humanitaires, en vue <strong>de</strong> trouver une issue à une situation dans laquelle l’intéressées’est délibérément placée, après son refus, le 13 novembre 2009, d’accomplir les formalitésd’usage pour accé<strong>de</strong>r au territoire marocain.1660. Ces pays amis et partenaires ont souligne publiquement le fait que la loi marocaines’applique pleinement et légitimement sur l’ensemble du territoire du Royaume, y compris lesprovinces du Sud. Le respect <strong>de</strong> la loi marocaine s’impose à tous, sans aucune exception, et surl’intégralité du territoire <strong>national</strong>. De nombreux pays ont salué la magnanimité et le traitementstrictement humanitaire réservé par les autorités marocaines à la situation <strong>de</strong> Mme Haidar.1661. Par conséquent le geste marocain, motivé par <strong>de</strong>s considérations d’ordre humanitaire,constitue une nouvelle preuve <strong>de</strong> bonne foi et <strong>de</strong> la volonté du Maroc <strong>de</strong> continuer à œuvrer pourle règlement définitif du différend artificiel régional du Sahara marocain, sur la base <strong>de</strong>l’initiative d’autonomie qui a été favorablement accueillie par la communauté inter<strong>national</strong>e, etque les parties hostiles au Maroc ont voulu torpiller par la manipulation politique et médiatiquedu cas Haidar.Observations1662. La Rapporteuse spéciale remercie le Gouvernement <strong>de</strong> ses réponses, mais regrette, aumoment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport, l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse aux communications <strong>de</strong>s 14 et21 octobre 2009. Elle exhorte le Gouvernement à répondre au plus vite aux craintes expriméesdans celle-ci, notamment en fournissant <strong>de</strong>s informations précises sur les enquêtes menées afin<strong>de</strong> traduire en justice les auteurs <strong>de</strong>s faits et les mesures <strong>de</strong> protection prises pour assurerl’intégrité physique et mentale <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs. Elle considère les réponses à ses communicationscomme partie intégrante <strong>de</strong> la coopération <strong>de</strong>s gouvernements avec son mandat.1663. La Rapporteuse spéciale <strong>de</strong>meure préoccupée par les restrictions imposées aux libertés <strong>de</strong>réunion et d’association et rappelle au Gouvernement que l’article 5 <strong>de</strong> la Déclaration sur lesdéfenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme dispose qu’ « afin <strong>de</strong> promouvoir et protéger les droits <strong>de</strong>l'homme et les libertés fondamentales, chacun a le droit, individuellement ou en association avec


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 268d’autres, aux niveaux <strong>national</strong> et inter<strong>national</strong> : a) De se réunir et <strong>de</strong> se rassemblerpacifiquement ; b) De former <strong>de</strong>s organisations, associations ou groupes nongouvernementaux,<strong>de</strong> s’y affilier et d’y participer ; c) De communiquer avec <strong>de</strong>s organisations nongouvernementalesou intergouvernementales ».1664. La Rapporteuse spéciale <strong>de</strong>meure également préoccupée par le sort <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>sdroits <strong>de</strong> l’homme opérant au Sahara Occi<strong>de</strong>ntal et presse le Gouvernement <strong>de</strong> respecter leursactivités. La Rapporteuse spéciale <strong>de</strong>meure préoccupée par la situation <strong>de</strong> MM. Tamek,Ettarrouzi, Dahane, Anasiri, Lebayhi et Sghayar et <strong>de</strong> Mme Lachgar, détenus à la prison <strong>de</strong> Saléau Nord <strong>de</strong> Rabat dans l’attente d’être jugés par le Tribunal permanent <strong>de</strong>s Forces ArméesRoyales pour notamment atteinte à la sûreté intérieure et extérieure <strong>de</strong> l'État et atteinte àl'intégrité territoriale du royaume (articles 190, 191, 206 et 207 du Co<strong>de</strong> pénal).Urgent appealMyanmar1665. On 16 April 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on thesituation of human rights in Myanmar, and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel,inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal regarding the arbitraryarrest of five members of the Fe<strong>de</strong>ration of Tra<strong>de</strong> Unions of Burma (FTUB), Mr. U Zaw MyintAung, Mr. U Soe Oo, Mr. Maung Tun Nyein, Ms. Khine Lin Myat and Ms. Shwe Yi Nyunt.The FTUB campaigns for workers’ rights and for the improvement of wages and workingconditions for workers in Myanmar. Since its foundation in 1991, FTUB has worked to endviolations of fundamental tra<strong>de</strong> union and other human rights.1666. According to the information received, on 1 April 2009, Mr. U Zaw Myint Aung, Mr. USoe Oo, Mr. Maung Tun Nyein, Ms. Khine Lin Myat and Ms. Shwe Yi Nyunt, who is also amember of FTUB Women’s Committee, were arrested at their places of resi<strong>de</strong>nce in Rangoon asthey returned home from the First National Congress of the FTUB.1667. The FTUB members are alleged to be held in interrogation centres in the Rangoon area,where it is feared they may be subjected to torture.1668. According to the information received, an unspecified number of family members of theaforementioned FTUB members were also arrested, threatened and put un<strong>de</strong>r pressure in aneffort to coerce cooperation from the five <strong>de</strong>tained FTUB members.1669. Concern was expressed that the arrest of Mr. U Zaw Myint Aung, Mr. U Soe Oo, Mr.Maung Tun Nyein, Ms. Khine Lin Myat and Ms. Shwe Yi Nyunt might be related to theirlegitimate activities <strong>de</strong>fending human rights, particularly the rights of workers in Myanmar. Witha view to the alleged <strong>de</strong>tention in interrogation centres, concern was also expressed for theirmental and physical integrity.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 269Urgent appeal1670. On 15 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention and the Special Rapporteur on the situation of humanrights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, sent an urgent appeal regarding Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, <strong>General</strong> Secretary ofthe National League for Democracy (NLD), Daw Khin Khin Win, member of the NLD, herdaughter, Win Ma Ma, and her physician, Dr. Tin Myo Win. The Working Group on ArbitraryDetention has adopted five Opinions (Opinion Nos. 8/1992, 2/2002, 9/2004, 2/2007, and 46/2008)<strong>de</strong>claring Aung San Suu Kyi’s respective <strong>de</strong>privations of liberty to be arbitrary as being incontravention of Articles 9, 10, and 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.1671. According to the information received, on 14 May 2009, Aung San Suu Kyi, togetherwith Daw Khin Khin Win and Win Ma Ma, were arrested by security forces at Aung San SuuKyi’s home, where she has been placed un<strong>de</strong>r house arrest for the past six years. All three arecurrently <strong>de</strong>tained at Insein Prison in Yangon. They have been charged un<strong>de</strong>r Article 22 of the“State Protection Law 1975”, which provi<strong>de</strong>s: “Any person against whom action is taken, whoopposes, resists or disobeys any or<strong>de</strong>r passed un<strong>de</strong>r this Law shall be liable to imprisonment fora period of up to three years, or a fine of up to five thousand kyats, or to both.”1672. The charges were laid against them in connection with the recent intrusion of anAmerican citizen, Mr. John Williams Yettaw, into Aung San Suu Kyi’s home. They are accusedof not having reported the inci<strong>de</strong>nt to the authorities in violation of the terms of the house arrestor<strong>de</strong>r against her.1673. All three appeared before a special court on 14 May, located on the premises of InseinPrison, where the presiding Yangon Western District Judge Thawng Nyunt read out the chargesagainst them and or<strong>de</strong>red their return for another hearing on 18 May 2009. The accused wereallowed legal representation.1674. On 7 May 2009, Dr. Tin Myo Win, the principal personal physician of Aung San Suu Kyi,was arrested at his home in the Pazundaung Township, Yangon, by Government authorities on 7May 2009. He was not provi<strong>de</strong>d with any reasons for his arrest. It is reported that, on 12 May2009, Dr. Tin Myo Win was charged un<strong>de</strong>r the Emergency Act. The authorities refused todisclose his place of <strong>de</strong>tention.1675. Dr. Tin Myo Win’s assistant, Pyone Moe Ei, was initially <strong>de</strong>nied access to the home ofAung San Suu Kyi over the weekend of 9 and 10 May before he could enter on 11 May inrelation to medical treatment which Aung San Suu Kyi requires.Urgent appeal1676. On 19 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection ofthe right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the Special Rapporteur on the situation ofhuman rights in Myanmar, sent an urgent appeal regarding the Burma Lawyers’ Council, basedin Thailand, and its Secretary-<strong>General</strong> Mr. U Aung Htoo.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2701677. According to the information received, on 30 April 2009, the Government of Myanmarissued Or<strong>de</strong>r 1/2009. By this or<strong>de</strong>r the Burma Lawyers’ Council was <strong>de</strong>clared unlawful, basedon the Unlawful Associations Act of 11 December 1908. Moreover, the Burma Lawyers’Council was recently labeled as an “enemy of the State” by several state-controlled print media.1678. On 4 May 2009, an arrest warrant was issued against Mr. U Aung Htoo, Secretary-<strong>General</strong> of the Burma Lawyers’ Council. This <strong>de</strong>velopment coinci<strong>de</strong>d with a workshop on"Advancing human rights and ending impunity in Burma” held by the non-governmentalorganization Inter<strong>national</strong> Fe<strong>de</strong>ration for Human Rights jointly with the Burma Lawyers’Council in Bangkok.1679. In the past couple of years, the Burma Lawyers’ Council has expressed criticism towardsvarious aspects of the human rights policy implemented by the Government of Myanmar. Inaddition, the Council has addressed the situation of <strong>de</strong>fense lawyers in the country, in particularcases in which lawyers have been imprisoned for <strong>de</strong>fending their clients.1680. Concern was expressed that the ban on the Burma Lawyers’ Council and acts ofharassment and intimidation against its members, in particular Mr. U Aung Htoo, might berelated to their peaceful activities <strong>de</strong>fending human rights in Myanmar, including in theircapacity as lawyers.Urgent appeal1681. On 20 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, and the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rightsin Myanmar, sent an urgent appeal concerning the trial against Daw Aung San Suu Kyi,<strong>General</strong> Secretary of the National League for Democracy (NLD), Daw Khin Khin Win,member of the NLD, her daughter, Win Ma Ma, and John William Yettaw, a <strong>national</strong> of theUnited States of America.1682. The mandates of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention and the Special Rapporteuron the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs sent a communication in relation to earlier<strong>de</strong>velopments on this case to the Government on 15 May 2009. On 13 November 2008, theSpecial Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers sent a communication, togetherwith the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinionand expression, the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, and theSpecial Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar, regarding the case of Mr. AungThein and Mr. Khin Maung Shein.1683. According to the new information received, on 18 May 209, the trial against Daw AungSan Suu Kyi, Daw Khin Khin Win and Daw Win Ma Ma and John William Yettaw began (caseno. 47/2009).1684. So far, the ad hoc special court, which is held at Insein prison compound and presi<strong>de</strong>dover by Judges U Thawng Nyunt and U Nyi Nyi Soe, has registered 22 witnesses, out of which21 are allegedly policemen and one person is civilian.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2711685. Daw Aung San Suu Kyi is presented by four lawyers, namely U Kyi Win, U Hla MyoMyint, U Nyan Win and Daw Khin Htay Kywe. Lawyers U Aung Thein and U Khin MaungShein had applied to be part of the team <strong>de</strong>fending Daw Aung San Suu Kyi. However, theirlicenses to practice law were revoked by the authorities one day after their application. FromNovember 2008 to March 2009 both aforementioned lawyers were imprisoned for contempt ofcourt after their clients, who were members of the NLD, complained to the court that they had nolonger trust in the justice system and expressed the wish to no longer be represented by their<strong>de</strong>fense counsels. On the basis of this, U Aung Thein and U Khin Maung Shein lost theirlawyers’ licenses. Daw Khin Htay Kywe, U Hla Myo Myint and U Nyan Win also representedDaw Khin Khin Win and Win Ma Ma. Lawyer U Khin Maung Oo represented John WilliamYettaw. Furthermore, an official of the U.S. Consulate is allowed to assist with an interpreter inthe trial against Mr. Yettaw.1686. The lawyers of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, Daw Khin Khin Win, Daw Win Ma Ma andJohn William Yettaw submitted an appeal to conduct the trial in public. However, thisapplication was rejected by the court. Only the registered witnesses, the lawyers, the judges andthe police and military security forces are allowed insi<strong>de</strong> the court room. It is reported that themedia are not only prevented to access to the prison compound, but also to talk with the <strong>de</strong>fenselawyers. Insein Road surrounding the prison is reportedly closed off to traffic, and barbed wirefencing has been erected.Urgent appeal1687. On 3 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Vice-ChairpersonRapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, and the Special Rapporteur on thesituation of human rights in Myanmar, sent an urgent appeal regarding 27 members of theNational League for Democracy.1688. According to the information received, Ko Myint Ngwe, Ko Tint Lwin, Ko Than Aung,Ko Khin Win, all usually residing at Yenangyaung Township, Magwe Division, U Aye Myint,U Min Maung, both from Aunglan Township, Magwe Division, Ko Soe, Ko Par Lay, KoKyaw Naing, all from Taungdwingyi Township, Magwe Division, U Tha Aung, member ofParliament, Ma Zin Ma Ma Tun, Ko Than Soe Myint, all from Myothit Township, MagweDivision, U Pike Ko, U Kyaw Nyunt, U Tin Myint Aung, all from Pakokku Township, MagweDivison, U Thaung Soe, Chairperson of Minbu Township, Magwe Division, Ko Nay MyoKyaw, from Saku Township, Magwe Division, Ko Aung Win, Mg Thu Ya, from PwintbyuTownship, Magwe Division, Ko Htay Win, from Kamma Township, Magwe Division, KoHtein Win, Daw Khin Win Kyi, both from Dagon Myothit Township, Yangon, Ma Khin MyatThu, from Mingaladon Township, Yangon, Ko Nay Lin Kyaw, from Dawbon Township,Yangon, Ko Nay Lin Soe, from Tharkayta Township, Yangon, Ko Sai Kyaw Kyaw, fromTamwe Township, Yangon, Ko Tin Min Naing, from North Okkalapa Township, Yangon, werearrested at their respective places of resi<strong>de</strong>nce in the early hours of 31 July between midnightand 1am. The reason for their arrests and <strong>de</strong>tention is unknown.1689. Three other members of the National League for Democracy, Daw Naw Ohn Hla, fromNorth Okkalapa Township, Yangon, U Nyunt Hlaing, member of Parliament for Aunglan, fromSanchaung Township, Yangon, and Ko Myint Aung, were arrested around the same time, butlater released.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 272Urgent appeal1690. On 16 October 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thesituation of human rights in Myanmar, the Chairperson Rapporteur of the Working Group onArbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right tofreedom of opinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to theenjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health, and the SpecialRapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent anurgent appeal regarding the case of Mr. Hla Myo Naung, who is at serious risk of total blindnessunless he receives the specialist medical treatment he requires without further <strong>de</strong>lay. Mr. HlaMyo Naung has already been the subject of a joint urgent appeal addressed to the Governmentby the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the SpecialRapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, and the Special Rapporteur on thesituation of human rights in Myanmar on 5 November 2008.1691. According to further information received, 42 year-old Hla Myo Naung is a prominentmember of the movement called “88 Generation Stu<strong>de</strong>nts”, led by Min Ko Naing. He played aleading role in the political events in Myanmar in 1988 when he was in his final year of lawschool, which led to his first term of imprisonment. He participated in the <strong>de</strong>monstrationsagainst the fuel price hike in August 2007, and after the arrest of many of his colleagues duringthat month, he became the main spokesperson for the “88 Generation Stu<strong>de</strong>nts”. He was arrestedon 10 October 2007, when he came out of hiding to seek treatment for his <strong>de</strong>teriorating eyesight.In November 2008, he was sentenced to a prison term of 65 years and 6 months, and wastransferred to the remote Myitkyina prison shortly afterwards.1692. An unsuccessful eye surgery was conducted while he was in <strong>de</strong>tention on 12 October2007, and led to the loss of vision in one of his eyes. He later began to experience the samesymptoms in his functional eye that had led to blindness in the other eye. He is known to besuffering from keratitis (an inflammation of the cornea) and corneal opacity. Without immediatespecialist treatment, Hla Myo Naung faces total blindness.1693. It was requested that Hla Myo Naung be immediately transferred back to Insein prison inYangon, and to arrange for specialist medical care for him without further <strong>de</strong>lay. Myitkyinaprison in Kachin State, Myanmar, is over 900 miles from Yangon where his wife lives.Observations1694. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of finalizing the present report, theGovernment had not transmitted a reply to her communications of 16 October 2009, 3 August2009, 20 May 2009, 19 May 2009, 15 May 2009, 16 April 2009, 12 November 2008, 2 October2008, 22 April 2008, 31 January 2008, 17 October 2007, 28 September 2007, 28 August 2007,16 August 2007, 18 July 2007, 2 July 2007, 30 November 2006, 18 October 2006, 17 August2006, 26 June 2006, 13 April 2006, 30 January 2006, 3 November 2005, 20 May 2005, 4 May2005, 25 February 2005 (twice), 15 February 2005 and 18 October 2004. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs responseto her communications an important part of the cooperation of Governments with her mandate.She urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailedinformation regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken to prosecute the perpetrators as well as


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 273protective measures taken to ensure the physical and mental integrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and theirfamilies.1695. The Special Rapporteur strongly urges the Myanmar authorities to cease harassing andarresting human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs for peacefully exercising their inter<strong>national</strong>ly recognizedhuman rights.1696. The Special Rapporteur, together with the the Vice Chairperson-Rapporteur of theWorking Group on arbitrary <strong>de</strong>tention, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protectionof the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on the situation ofhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, and the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar,issued a press release on 10 August 2009, in which they <strong>de</strong>plored the confinement of Aung SanSuu Kyi to 18 months of house arrest, and reiterated their call for her immediate andunconditional release. They stressed that it was a baseless trial convened by the Government ofMyanmar to exclu<strong>de</strong> Aung San Suu Kyi from the 2010 elections, and that the charges laidagainst the lea<strong>de</strong>r of the National League for Democracy and Nobel Peace Prize laureate wereitself in violation of inter<strong>national</strong> human rights law. In addition to the fact that the holding of thistrial was unlawful, the experts expressed concern about numerous reports of irregularities in theway it was conducted.Urgent appealNepal1697. On 14 January 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the SpecialRapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, sent an urgent appealregarding the killing of Ms Uma Singh, a journalist with Janakpur Today Daily and RadioToday FM and member of the Women Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs Network in Dhanusha, andalleged threats against Ms Manika Jha, journalist with the Kathmandu Post Newspaper inJanakpur.1698. According to information received, on 11 January 2008, at approximately 7:00 p.m.,around 15-20 men wielding blunt objects and khukuri knives surroun<strong>de</strong>d the room which MsSingh rented in Janakpur. Several of the assailants then entered Ms Singh’s room where theybegan to attack her. When Ms Singh tried to resist the assault, she was dragged outsi<strong>de</strong> onto theveranda where the attack continued. Ms Singh sustained serious injuries, including stab wounds,to her face, head, neck and stomach. Following the attack, neighbours immediately rushed MsSingh to the nearest hospital. Ms Singh died before midnight while being transferred by road toa hospital in Kathmandu. A police investigation has been launched into the inci<strong>de</strong>nt. However, asyet a motive for the killing has not been established.1699. A few hours after the attack on Ms Singh, at approximately 11:30 p.m., an uni<strong>de</strong>ntifiedgroup of approximately 6 men began banging on the corrugated iron gate outsi<strong>de</strong> Ms ManikaJha’s house in Janakpur. The men then jumped into the compound and broke her bedroomwindow. Ms Jha alerted the police by text message and asked her uncle, who lives next door, forhelp. He raised the alarm and people within the neighbourhood started gathering in the vicinity.A short time later, a police van also arrived on the scene and the attackers fled. At some pointbefore they fled, the assailants reportedly threatened Ms Jha that she ‘would be next’. Following


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 274the inci<strong>de</strong>nt, Ms Jha was provi<strong>de</strong>d with security protection throughout the night. The nextmorning, she found that a cross had been drawn with mud/clay on the metal gate outsi<strong>de</strong> herhouse.1700. Ms Singh was an active journalist who, prior to her <strong>de</strong>ath, had written articles coveringwomen's rights, including criticism of the traditional dowry system, and local political issues.She started working as a journalist after her father and brother were abducted in September 2006,allegedly by the Maoists. Their whereabouts remain unknown. In December 2008, Ms Singh hadreportedly received threats from an uni<strong>de</strong>ntified source, while Ms Jha had been receiving threatsin a regular basis since November. Ms Singh and Ms Jha had purportedly informed the localauthorities about the threats however no action was taken.Response from the Government1701. In a letter dated 3 February 2009, the Government indicated that the letter had beenforwar<strong>de</strong>d to Kathmandu with the request for information on this case.Urgent appeal1702. On 30 April 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the SpecialRapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, and theSpecial Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, sent an urgentappeal regarding Ms. Kara Devi Sardar, Ms. Thakani Mehta, Ms. Sita Kamat, Ms. BinaChaudhari, Ms. Sunita Sah and Ms. Laxmi Chaudhary and other women human rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs of Chimdi Village Development Committee (VDC) in Sunsari district in Nepal. aswell as Mr Rajan Niraula, Mr. Krishna Bhattrai and Mr. Gopal Kolirala, all of themjournalists, Mr. Suku<strong>de</strong>v Chaudhari, representative for the Informal Sector Service Centre(INSEC) and Mr. Binod Chaudhary, a member of the Women’s Rehabilitation Centre(WOREC) in Sunsari district, an organization helping victims of domestic and sexual violence.1703. According to the information received, on 9 April 2009, Ms. Kara Devi Sardar, aftercalling for respect of the fundamental right of any person to marry and to choose freely her/hisspouse, was beaten up by the relatives of Ms. Lalita Gurung, a young woman who had plannedto have an inter-caste wedding with a young man belonging to the Dalit community. The twoyoung people were also beaten up by Lalita Gurung’s relatives for speaking to each other inpublic. Immediately after the assault, Kara Devi Sardar approached the Illaka police station ofChimdi to file a complaint, but the Sub-Inspector refused to receive it.1704. On 11 April 2009, the Women Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>r Network, Sunsari, and more than500 women from eight Village Development Committees (VDC) staged a <strong>de</strong>monstration in frontof the police station in Chimdi VDC, in or<strong>de</strong>r to call for sanctions against the police for refusingto register Kara Devi Sardar’s complaint and to <strong>de</strong>nounce the <strong>de</strong>nial of access to justice. Whiledoing so, they evoked the statement ma<strong>de</strong> by the Prime Minister on 25 January 2009, in whichhe committed himself to establish a complaints centre for women in or<strong>de</strong>r to end all forms ofviolence against women and criminalize caste-based discrimination against Dalits. They alsocalled for a police apology since, on 10 April, while the Chimdi VDC were walking towards thepolice station in Chimdi, police officers publicly insulted them.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2751705. The women human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs were subsequently assaulted with batons and the buttof their guns by around ten police officers and four other unknown persons. The police beat thewomen on the head, the chest, the thighs and the legs and some tried to sexually harass some ofthem. At least 14 women were injured, including Ms. Thakani Mehta, Ms. Sita Kamat, Ms. BinaChaudhari, Ms. Sunita Sah and Ms. Laxmi Chaudhary, who were seriously injured and werebrought to the Koshi Zonal hospital for medial treatment.1706. The journalists Rajan Niraula, Krishna Bhattrai and Gopal Kolirala as well as Mr.Suku<strong>de</strong>v Chaudhari, representative for the Informal Sector Service Centre (INSEC), who hadgone to the police station to investigate the inci<strong>de</strong>nt were also allegedly manhandled and theirvehicle vandalized by the police. Likewise, Mr. Binod Chaudhary, a member of the Women’sRehabilitation Centre (WOREC) was also threatened.1707. Concerned was expressed that the alleged police violence against Ms Kara Devi Sardar,Ms. Thakani Mehta, Ms. Sita Kamat, Ms. Bina Chaudhari, Ms. Sunita Sah and Ms. LaxmiChaudhary and other women human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs of Chimdi Village DevelopmentCommittee (VDC) and the intimidation and threats ma<strong>de</strong> against Mr Rajan Niraula, KrishnaBhattrai, Gopal Kolirala, Mr. Suku<strong>de</strong>v Chaudhari and Mr. Binod Chaudhary might be related totheir legitimate work in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights in Nepal, particularly the rights of women andthe Dalit community. Further concern was expressed for their physical and mental integrity.Observations1708. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of finalizing the present report, theGovernment had not transmitted a reply to her communications of 30 April 2009, 14 January2009, 25 July 2008, 16 July 2008, 9 November 2007, 25 September 2007, 24 August 2007, 7August 2007, 31 July 2007, 20 June 2007, 14 June 2007 and 12 June 2007. She consi<strong>de</strong>rsresponse to her communications an important part of the cooperation of Governments with hermandate. She urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken to prosecute the perpetrators as well asprotective measures taken to ensure the physical and mental integrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and theirfamilies.1709. The Special Rapporteur is particularly distressed at the killing of Ms. Uma Singh. Sheurges once again the Government to conduct thorough investigations and prosecutre theperpetrators. She remains seriously concerned about the situation of Ms Manika Jha, andsimilarly urges the Government to bring the perpetrators to justice. More generally, the SpecialRapporteur urges the Government of Nepal to make every effort to create an environmentconducive to the work of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, in particular those who support women rightsand the rights of minorities.1710. The Special Rapporteur regrets that in late January 2010 the Government of Nepalrespon<strong>de</strong>d negatively to her request to conduct an official visit. She calls on the Government tore-consi<strong>de</strong>r her request in the near future, to continue a constructive dialogue.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 276Carta <strong>de</strong> alegacionesNicaragua1711. El 26 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con la Relatora Especial sobre la violencia contra la mujer, coninclusión <strong>de</strong> sus causas y consecuencias, enviaron una carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones señalando a laatención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida en relación con las Sras. Lorna Norori,Patricia Orozco y Ana Evelyn Orozco. La Sra. Norori es miembro <strong>de</strong>l Movimiento contra elAbuso Sexual, la Sra. Patricia Orozco es Directora <strong>de</strong>l Movimiento Autónomo <strong>de</strong> Mujeres <strong>de</strong>Nicaragua (MAM) y la Sra. Ana Eveling Orozco es abogada y miembro <strong>de</strong>l MAM.1712. La Sra. Lorna Norori fue objeto <strong>de</strong> una comunicación enviada al Gobierno <strong>de</strong> suExcelencia por parte <strong>de</strong> la entonces Representante Especial <strong>de</strong>l Secretario <strong>General</strong> para los<strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y la Relatora Especial sobre la violencia contra la mujer el14 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2008. Se agra<strong>de</strong>ció la respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno a dicha comunicación el 13 <strong>de</strong>mayo <strong>de</strong> 2008 en la que se informó <strong>de</strong> la investigación judicial en curso por parte <strong>de</strong>l MinisterioPúblico.1713. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 30 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009, agentes <strong>de</strong> la PolicíaNacional <strong>de</strong>tuvieron el taxi en el que viajaban las Sras. Patricia Orozco, Lorna Norori y AnaEvelyn Orozco y pidieron los documentos <strong>de</strong> i<strong>de</strong>ntificación <strong>de</strong>l conductor. El inci<strong>de</strong>nte seprodujo cuando las tres mujeres regresaban <strong>de</strong> una reunión <strong>de</strong> capacitación con representantes <strong>de</strong>otras organizaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> las mujeres. Según las informaciones recibidas, los agentes<strong>de</strong> la policía no dieron ningún motivo por haber <strong>de</strong>tenido el taxi. Tras algunos minutos, lasautorizaron a seguir a<strong>de</strong>lante.1714. Sin embargo, posteriormente, otros agentes <strong>de</strong> la policía <strong>de</strong>tuvieron el taxi una vez más,alegando que habían escapado <strong>de</strong>l primer control policial. Estos agentes revisaron nuevamentelos documentos <strong>de</strong> i<strong>de</strong>ntificación <strong>de</strong>l conductor y or<strong>de</strong>naron a las mujeres que bajaran <strong>de</strong>l taxipara po<strong>de</strong>r revisar sus maletas. La Sra. Patricia Orozco opuso resistencia y exigió unaexplicación. Posteriormente, se alega que agentes <strong>de</strong> la policía esposaron violentamente a la Sra.Patricia Orozco y la subieron a la fuerza a una camioneta <strong>de</strong> la policía. Las tres mujeres fueronllevadas a una comisaría en la ciudad <strong>de</strong> León, y fueron puestas en libertad más tar<strong>de</strong>.1715. Se informó que las Sras. Patricia Orozco, Lorna Norori y Ana Evelyn Orozco fueron a laoficina <strong>de</strong> la Comisaría <strong>de</strong> la Mujer para presentar una <strong>de</strong>nuncia en relación con el inci<strong>de</strong>nte. Sinembargo, la jefa policial se negó a aceptar la <strong>de</strong>nuncia arguyendo que la Comisaría <strong>de</strong> la Mujersólo se ocupa <strong>de</strong> casos <strong>de</strong> violencia en el hogar. Se informó asimismo que la Sra. Patricia Orozcosolicitó atención médica para revisar las lesiones que habría sufrido durante el inci<strong>de</strong>nte perodicha asistencia nunca llegó.1716. Se alegó que este inci<strong>de</strong>nte sucedió pocas horas <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> que la Primera Comisionada<strong>de</strong> la Policía, la Sra. Aminta Elena Granera Sacasa, asegurara a organizaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos en Managua que no se reproducirían agresiones en contra <strong>de</strong> mujeres por parte <strong>de</strong> lapolicía.1717. Se expresó temor que el hostigamiento contra las Sras. Patricia Orozco, Lorna Norori yAna Evelyn Orozco, y el maltrato en contra <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Patricia Orozco por parte <strong>de</strong> agentes <strong>de</strong> la


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 277policía, podrían estar relacionados con las activida<strong>de</strong>s que realizan en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong>las mujeres.Llamamiento urgente1718. El 11 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad<strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con la Sra. Leonor Martínez, integrante <strong>de</strong> laCoalición <strong>de</strong> Jóvenes Nicaragüenses.1719. La Coalición <strong>de</strong> Jóvenes Nicaragüenses realiza activida<strong>de</strong>s para la <strong>de</strong>fensa y lapromoción <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> los jóvenes.1720. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 20 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, un hombre se habríaacercado a la Sra. Martínez mientras salía <strong>de</strong> su casa. El hombre le habría dicho “ya sabes que teva a pasar si te andas metiendo te vamos a matar”. La Sra. Martínez habría reconocido al hombrey lo habría i<strong>de</strong>ntificado como uno <strong>de</strong> los agresores <strong>de</strong> un inci<strong>de</strong>nte ocurrido el 22 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong>2009 en el cual habría sido agredida físicamente cuando regresaba a casa <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> haberparticipado en una conferencia don<strong>de</strong> habría hablado sobre los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y lasrestricciones a las liberta<strong>de</strong>s fundamentales.1721. En aquella ocasión tres hombres le habrían amenazado con arma y la habrían golpeadoviolentamente rompiéndole el brazo. Asimismo, habrían amenazado con matarla y a su familia sisigue con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s a favor <strong>de</strong> los jóvenes <strong>de</strong> Nicaragua. Se alegó que los agresores tienenvínculos con el Frente Sandinista <strong>de</strong> Liberación Nacional (FSLN).1722. Después <strong>de</strong> este inci<strong>de</strong>nte la Sra. Martínez habría recibido muchos mensajes <strong>de</strong> textosamenazantes en su teléfono celular.1723. La Sra. Martínez habría <strong>de</strong>nunciado el ataque y las amenazas ante la policía perosupuestamente no se habría iniciado ninguna investigación en relación con el caso.1724. Se alegó que la situación difícil que está viviendo la Sra. Martínez actualmente podríaestar relacionada con el hecho <strong>de</strong> que recientemente varios sectores <strong>de</strong> la sociedad civil habríanexpresado su inconformidad con la resolución reciente <strong>de</strong> la Sala Constitucional que permite lareelección <strong>de</strong>l Presi<strong>de</strong>nte Ortega y <strong>de</strong> algunos alcal<strong>de</strong>s sandinistas. Asimismo, se alegó que esta<strong>de</strong>cisión es inconstitucional y que afecta el sistema <strong>de</strong>mocrático <strong>de</strong>l país. Supuestamente, <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong>que se expresó esta inconformidad, varios <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos críticos <strong>de</strong>l Gobiernohabrían sido el objeto <strong>de</strong> amenazas, agresiones y actos <strong>de</strong> intimidación.1725. Se expresó temor que el ataque y las amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte contra la Sra. Martínez podríanestar relacionados con las activida<strong>de</strong>s que realiza como integrante <strong>de</strong> la Coalición <strong>de</strong> JóvenesNicaragüenses en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y busque sofocar la libertad <strong>de</strong> expresión <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> Nicaragua. Asimismo, se expresó una profundapreocupación por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Martínez así como por la <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>más miembros <strong>de</strong> la Coalición <strong>de</strong> Jóvenes Nicaragüenses. El Gobierno <strong>de</strong> su Excelencia tienela responsabilidad <strong>de</strong> investigar <strong>de</strong> manera exhaustiva las violaciones cometidas contra los


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 278<strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y enjuiciar a los responsables. Asimismo, el Gobierno <strong>de</strong> suExcelencia <strong>de</strong>be con<strong>de</strong>nar firmemente cualquier ataque contra un <strong>de</strong>fensor <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos,tomando la oportunidad para reconocer la importancia <strong>de</strong> su labor.Observaciones1726. La Relatora Especial lamenta que al finalizar este informe, no se había recibidorespuestas a las comunicación <strong>de</strong>l 26 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 y <strong>de</strong>l 11 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009. LaRelatora Especial consi<strong>de</strong>ra que al respon<strong>de</strong>r a las comunicaciones representa un elementofundamental para la cooperación <strong>de</strong> los Estados con el mandato, es por ello que insta al gobiernonicaragüense a que le proporcione una respuesta tratando los asuntos mencionados.Appel urgentNiger1727. Le 12 août 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Vice-prési<strong>de</strong>ntRapporteur du Groupe <strong>de</strong> Travail sur la détention arbitraire et le Rapporteur spécial sur lapromotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, a envoyé un appelurgent sur la situation <strong>de</strong> M. Marou Amadou, prési<strong>de</strong>nt du Front uni pour la sauvegar<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sacquis démocratiques (FUSAD), <strong>de</strong> CROISADE, membre du bureau <strong>national</strong> du Réseau <strong>de</strong>sorganisations pour la transparence et l'analyse budgétaire - Publiez ce que vous payez, etreprésentant <strong>de</strong> la société civile à la Commission électorale <strong>national</strong>e indépendante (CENI).Selon les informations reçues :1728. Le 10 août 2009, M. Marou aurait été arrêté par la police judiciaire pour “atteinte à lasûreté <strong>de</strong> l’Etat”, suite à sa déclaration faite la veille à l’occasion du dixième anniversaire <strong>de</strong> laConstitution du Niger, dans laquelle il aurait dénoncé la corruption alléguée au sein du régime etrappelé l’arrêt <strong>de</strong> la Cour constitutionnelle du 12 juin 2009 déclarant illégal le référendum tenu le4 août 2009. M. Marou aurait été placé sous mandat <strong>de</strong> dépôt et incarcéré à la prison civile <strong>de</strong>Niamey.1729. Le 11 août, M. Marou aurait comparu <strong>de</strong>vant le Tribunal <strong>de</strong> gran<strong>de</strong> instance (TGI) “horsclasse” <strong>de</strong> Niamey dans le cadre <strong>de</strong> la procédure <strong>de</strong> flagrant délit pour “atteinte à la sûreté <strong>de</strong>l'Etat”, pour être finalement relaxé. En fin d’après-midi, alors qu’il s’apprêtait à quitter la prisoncivile <strong>de</strong> Niamey, M. Marou aurait été placé <strong>de</strong> force dans <strong>de</strong>ux véhicules 4x4 <strong>de</strong>s Forces<strong>national</strong>es d'intervention et <strong>de</strong> sécurité et conduit vers une <strong>de</strong>stination inconnue. Selon plusieurssources, les véhicules auraient pris la route <strong>de</strong> Tillabéri ; il semblerait que M. Marou soit détenuà la prison <strong>de</strong> haute sécurité <strong>de</strong> Koutoukalé.1730. Ces événements font suite à une première arrestation <strong>de</strong> M. Marou par la police le 29 juin2009 à Niamey et son placement en détention dans les locaux <strong>de</strong> la police judiciaire <strong>de</strong> Niamey,après qu’il ait fait référence le même jour lors d’une émission télévisée à une déclaration duFront <strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong> la démocratie invitant l'armée à respecter l'article 13 <strong>de</strong> la Constitution duNiger, qui prévoit que “nul n'est tenu d'exécuter un ordre manifestement illégal”. Le 30 juin, M.Marou aurait été accusé <strong>de</strong> “provocation à la désobéissance <strong>de</strong>s forces <strong>de</strong> défense et <strong>de</strong> sécurité”,<strong>de</strong> “complot contre l'autorité <strong>de</strong> l'Etat” et d'“entreprise <strong>de</strong> démoralisation <strong>de</strong> l'armée” ainsi que <strong>de</strong>“flagrant délit <strong>de</strong> presse”. Le 2 juillet, M. Marou aurait été libéré. M. Marou resterait poursuivipour “provocation à la désobéissance <strong>de</strong>s forces <strong>de</strong> défense et <strong>de</strong> sécurité”, <strong>de</strong> “complot contre


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 279l'autorité <strong>de</strong> l'Etat” et d'“entreprise <strong>de</strong> démoralisation <strong>de</strong> l'armée”, respectivement sur la base <strong>de</strong>sarticles 76, 78 et 79 du Co<strong>de</strong> pénal nigérien, ainsi que <strong>de</strong> “flagrant délit <strong>de</strong> presse” sur la base <strong>de</strong>l'article 48 <strong>de</strong> l'Ordonnance portant régime <strong>de</strong> la liberté <strong>de</strong> la presse. M. Marou encourrait lapeine capitale pour les charges précitées.1731. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que les trois arrestations et incarcérationssuccessives <strong>de</strong> M. Marou, et les charges qui pèsent contre lui, soient liées à ses activitéslégitimes et pacifiques <strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. En raison <strong>de</strong> sa détention incommunicado, <strong>de</strong>s craintes sont exprimées pour l’intégrité physique et morale <strong>de</strong> M. Marou.Appel urgent1732. Le 28 août 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Vice-prési<strong>de</strong>ntRapporteur du Groupe <strong>de</strong> Travail sur la détention arbitraire et le Rapporteur spécial sur lapromotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, a envoyé un appelurgent au Gouvernement sur la situation <strong>de</strong> M. Wada Maman. M. Maman est le secrétairegénéral <strong>de</strong> l’Association nigérienne <strong>de</strong> lutte contre la corruption (ANLC) et du Front Uni pour laSauvegar<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>s Acquis Démocratiques (FUSAD), un réseau d’organisations nongouvernementales établi dans le but <strong>de</strong> préserver les structures démocratiques dans le contexte <strong>de</strong>la crise politique actuelle au Niger. Il est également membre <strong>de</strong> la coalition Publiez Ce Que VousPayez au Niger, connue sous le nom <strong>de</strong> ROTAB. Selon les informations reçues :1733. Le 22 août 2009, M. Maman aurait été arrêté par <strong>de</strong>s membres <strong>de</strong> la Gar<strong>de</strong> Républicaineà Niamey alors qu’il se rendait chez un membre <strong>de</strong> l’ANLC. Il serait actuellement détenu auposte <strong>de</strong> police <strong>de</strong> Niamey sans qu’aucune charge n’ait été retenue contre lui. M. Maman n’auraitpas eu accès à un avocat. Il lui serait reproché d’avoir participé à une manifestation non autoriséeorganisée le 22 août pour protester contre la réforme constitutionnelle autorisant le prési<strong>de</strong>ntMamadou Tandja à briguer un nouveau mandat prési<strong>de</strong>ntiel. M. Maman aurait nié avoir participéà ce rassemblement au cours duquel dix personnes auraient été arrêtées.1734. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que l’arrestation <strong>de</strong> M. Maman soit liée à sesactivités non violentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’Homme.Observations1735. La Rapporteuse spéciale regrette, au moment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport,l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse aux communications en date du 20 mai 2008 et 12 août et 28 août 2009.Elle exhorte le Gouvernement à répondre au plus vite aux craintes exprimées dans celle-ci. Elleconsidère les réponses à ses communications comme partie intégrante <strong>de</strong> la coopération <strong>de</strong>sgouvernements avec son mandat.Urgent appealNigeria1736. On 16 December 2008, the Special Rapporteur sent an urgent appeal regarding thesituation of Dr Vivienne Ibeanu, Professor at the University of Nigeria and wife of MrOkechukwu Ibeanu, Special Rapporteur of the United Nations on the adverse effects of themovement and dumping of toxic and dangerous products and wastes on the enjoyment to human


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 280rights, Ms Bettina Ifudu, sister-in-law of Mr Okechukwu Ibeanu, and other members of theIbeanu family.1737. According to the information received, on 11 December 2008 at 5 p.m., Dr VivienneIbeanu was reportedly abducted by a group of uni<strong>de</strong>ntified armed men in Nsukka, Enugu State.She was gagged, blindfol<strong>de</strong>d and forced into the trunk of her car. The assailants then drove off toan unknown location. After four hours, Dr Vivienne Ibeanu managed to escape, and returnedhome on 12 December in the morning. The abduction was reported to the police of Nsukka andthe University of Nigeria security <strong>de</strong>partment.1738. Since 2007, the Ibeanu family has been receiving a series of threats from uni<strong>de</strong>ntifiedpersons. The latest threat -a SMS- was received on 10 December 2008 by Ms Bettina Ifudu,sister-in-law of Mr Okechukwu Ibeanu.1739. While acknowledging that the abduction of Dr Vivienne Ibeanu and the threats againstthe members of the Ibeanu family may be ordinary criminal acts, concern was expressed thatthese serious inci<strong>de</strong>nts might be linked to the legitimate human rights activities of MrOkechukwu Ibeanu, including as Special Rapporteur of the United Nations on the adverse effectsof the movement and dumping of toxic and dangerous products and wastes on the enjoyment tohuman rights. Further concern was raised about the physical and psychological integrity of DrVivienne Ibeanu, Ms Bettina Ifudu, and other members of the Ibeanu family.Response from the Government1740. In a letter dated 18 December 2008, the Government indicated that it is not in any wayinvolved in the unfortunate situation of members of the family of Prof. Ibeanu. It should be notedthat the inci<strong>de</strong>nts un<strong>de</strong>r reference are acts committed by unscrupulous elements for their personalreasons. Competent authorities are already seized with the matter and investigations are ongoingto track the perpetrators and subsequently bring them to justice. A comprehensive response willbe communicated in due course.Observations1741. The Special Rapporteur thanks the Government for its response, but regrets that at thetime of finalizing the present report, the Government had not transmitted a comprehensive replyto her communication of 16 December 2008 as indicated, as well as to her communications of 9September 2008, 1 September 2008, 20 August 2008, 17 April 2008, 21 January 2008, 4 June2007, 25 May 2007, 9 March 2007, 20 June 2006, 10 April 2006 and 6 September 2005. Sheconsi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications an important part of the cooperation of Governmentswith her mandate. She urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her, andprovi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken to prosecute the perpetrators aswell as protective measures taken to ensure the physical and mental integrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs andtheir families.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 281Urgent appealPakistan1742. On 17 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the SpecialRapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, and the Special Rapporteur on torture andother cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal to theGovernment regarding the abduction of Mr. Ehsan Arjumandi. Mr. Arjumandi is an advocatefor the human rights of the Baloch people in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran. He has organizedpro-Baloch protests in Norway, in particular in relation to the continuous disappearances takingplace in Balochstan.1743. According to information received, on 7 August 2009, Mr. Arjumandi was abducted inPakistan, when the bus that he was travelling on was stopped between Karachi and Mand. Mr.Arjumandi, who lives in Oslo, Norway, went to Pakistan a couple of weeks earlier to visitrelatives in Turbat and Mand. He left Mand early in the morning of the 7 August 2009 on anintercity bus named ‘Aslam Dandahi Coach’. The bus was stopped by a group of men, some ofwhom were wearing official police uniforms, when it reached a check point at Zero point CoastalHighway about 12km away from Uttal city. Some of the men in the group wearing civilianclothing reportedly boar<strong>de</strong>d the bus and asked Mr. Arjumandi to i<strong>de</strong>ntify himself. They thensearched him, covered his head with a blanket and took him away in an unmarked vehicle, whichwas escorted by at least two other vehicles. Mr. Arjumandi has not been heard from since. It isalleged that the Pakistani intelligence service, the ISI, is responsible for the abduction.1744. Both Mr. Arjumandi’s lawyer, Mr. Abdul Jalil Raisi, and the owner of the bus companywith which Mr. Arjumandi was travelling, allegedly tried to report the inci<strong>de</strong>nt at the Bagdadidistrict police station in Karachi, but the police reportedly refused to receive the report.1745. Serious concern is expressed that the abduction of Mr. Arjumandi may be related to theactivities that he has carried out in <strong>de</strong>fense of the human rights of the Baloch people. Furtherconcern is expressed for the physical and psychological integrity of Mr. Arjumandi who sufferswith serious health problems and is in need of daily medication.Response from the Government1746. In a letter dated 18 August 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication senton 17 August 2009. In its response the Government acknowledged receipt of the communicationto the Special Rapporteur. The letter further noted that in the Permanent Mission’s view thematter referred to in the communication does not pertain to the mandates of the SpecialRapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment and theSpecial Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion an<strong>de</strong>xpression.Observations1747. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government for the response provi<strong>de</strong>d to hercommunication of 17 August 2009, and expresses her hope that a substantive response will beprovi<strong>de</strong>d on the issues raised in it.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 282Llamamiento urgentePeru1748. El 23 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión y el Relator especial sobre la promoción y protección <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos en la lucha contra el terrorismo enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a laatención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida en relación con el or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> continuarinvestigando por terrorismo a 35 <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>l medioambiente en Piura, Perú bajo la legislación<strong>de</strong> la Dirección Nacional contra el Terrorismo (DIRCOTE). Los 35 <strong>de</strong>fensores son : Sr. JavierJahncke Benavente, miembro <strong>de</strong> Fe<strong>de</strong>paz / Red Muqui, Sra. Julia Cuadros Falla, miembro <strong>de</strong>la CooperAcción / Red Muqui, Sr. Juan Aste Daffós, <strong>de</strong>l Grupo An<strong>de</strong>s / Red Muqui, el Sr.Nicanor Alvarado, <strong>de</strong>l Vicaría <strong>de</strong>l Medioambiente y <strong>de</strong>l Vicariato Apostólico <strong>de</strong> Jaén, Sr.Carlos Martínez Solano, Alcal<strong>de</strong> Provincial <strong>de</strong> San Ignacio y Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>l Frente por elDesarrollo Sostenible <strong>de</strong> la Frontera Norte <strong>de</strong>l Perú (FDSFNP), Sr. Humberto Marchena,Alcal<strong>de</strong> Provincial <strong>de</strong> Ayabaca, Sra. Deyber Flores Calle, Teniente Alcal<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> la MunicipalidadProvincial <strong>de</strong> Ayabaca, Sr. Euler Jave Díaz, Gerente Municipal <strong>de</strong> la Municipalidad Provincial<strong>de</strong> San Ignacio (Procesado por terrorismo y absuelto), Sr. Práxe<strong>de</strong>s Llagsahuanca, ex Alcal<strong>de</strong>Provincial <strong>de</strong> Ayabaca, Sr. Fi<strong>de</strong>l Torres Guevara, miembro <strong>de</strong> Piura, Vida y Agro / RedRegional, Sr. Edward Gómez Pare<strong>de</strong>s, coordinador <strong>de</strong> la Red Regional - Piura, Sr. QuiqueRodríguez Rodríguez, Asesor Legal <strong>de</strong>l FDSFNP, Sr. Wilson Ibáñez Ibáñez, <strong>de</strong>l Frente <strong>de</strong>Defensa <strong>de</strong>l Medioambiente <strong>de</strong> Huancabamba, Sr. Servando Aponte Guerrero, Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> laComunidad Campesina <strong>de</strong> Segunda y Cajas, Sr. Cenesio Jiménez Peña, Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> laComunidad Campesina <strong>de</strong> Yanta - Ayabaca, Sr. Alfonso Meléndrez Clemente, ex Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>la Comunidad Campesina Segunda y Cajas, Sr. Eusebio Guerrero, ex Vice Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> laComunidad Campesina <strong>de</strong> Segunda y Cajas, Sr. Alfonso Huayama Guerrero, Presi<strong>de</strong>nteinterino <strong>de</strong>l Comité Provincial <strong>de</strong> Rondas Campesinas <strong>de</strong> Huancabamba, Sr. Pascual Rosales, exPresi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> la Central Provincial <strong>de</strong> Rondas Campesinas <strong>de</strong> Ayabaca - Se<strong>de</strong> Hualcuy, Sr.Edilberto Neyra Alberca, ex Fiscal <strong>de</strong> la Comunidad Campesina <strong>de</strong> Segunda y Cajas, Sr.Mario Tabra, <strong>de</strong>l Frente <strong>de</strong> Defensa <strong>de</strong>l Medioambiente <strong>de</strong> Ayabaca, Sr. Manuel CamposOjeda, Dirigente Huancabamba, Sr. Edgardo Adrianzén Ojeda, ex Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> la CentralProvincial <strong>de</strong> Rondas Campesinas <strong>de</strong> Huancabamba y Sr. Miguel Palacín Quispe, ex Presi<strong>de</strong>nte<strong>de</strong> la Confe<strong>de</strong>ración Nacional <strong>de</strong> Comunida<strong>de</strong>s Afectadas por la Minería (Conacami), ValentinQuevedo, Benito Guarnizo Garcia, Magdiel Carrion Pintado (Conacami), Gregorio SantosGuerrero, Edilberto Correa Meza, Otilio Campos Guerrero, Serbando Aponte Guerrero,Sixto Alberca Cruz, Joaquin Chincha Julia, Anselmo Moreto Sandoval, Juan PusmaHuaman. Ellos son <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>l medioambiente, ambientalistas, activistas <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos, alcal<strong>de</strong>s y autorida<strong>de</strong>s comunales.1749. El 24 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2008 la Asociación Civil Frente <strong>de</strong> Unidad <strong>de</strong> la ComunidadCampesina <strong>de</strong> Segunda y Cajas (FUCSC) hizo una <strong>de</strong>nuncia por “<strong>de</strong>lito <strong>de</strong> terrorismo y otros”contra dichos 35 <strong>de</strong>fensores. Según las informaciones recibidas, la FUCSC es una organizacióncreada por personas que no pertenecen a la comunidad <strong>de</strong> Segunda y Cajas. Dichos <strong>de</strong>fensores<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos apoyaron una consulta vecinal el 16 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2007 en el que serechazaron las operaciones <strong>de</strong> la minería Río Blanco Copper S.A, en la comunidad <strong>de</strong> Segunda yCajas, en la provincia <strong>de</strong> Ayabaca, Piura (al norte <strong>de</strong>l Perú), para que, en conformidad con loprevisto por el Convenio N°169 <strong>de</strong> la Organización Internacional <strong>de</strong>l Trabajo (OIT) sobre


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 283Pueblos Indígenas y tribales en países in<strong>de</strong>pendientes, ratificado por el Perú en 1994, seconsultara a los pueblos afectados directamente por esas activida<strong>de</strong>s mineras que podrían tenergraves consecuencias ambientales, sociales y económicas sobre sus comunida<strong>de</strong>s. En el mes <strong>de</strong>noviembre <strong>de</strong>l 2008, el caso por “<strong>de</strong>lito <strong>de</strong> terrorismo y otros” contra los 35 <strong>de</strong>fensores fuearchivado.1750. Según las informaciones recibidas, hacia el 15 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, el Fiscal Superiorhabría dictaminado que el caso contra los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>l medio ambiente sea transferido a laDIRCOTE – PIURA para continuar con las investigaciones, y eventualmente <strong>de</strong>nunciar el casoante el po<strong>de</strong>r judicial. Lo anterior, según los informes, habría sido <strong>de</strong>bido a una apelación porparte <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>nunciantes <strong>de</strong> la FUCSC contra la <strong>de</strong>cisión <strong>de</strong>l Fiscal <strong>de</strong> la instancia inmediatainferior <strong>de</strong> archivar el proceso contra los 35 <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.1751. Esta <strong>de</strong>cisión <strong>de</strong> continuar con las investigaciones por terrorismo se produce tras lapublicación por el gobierno, el 27 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong>l 2008, <strong>de</strong>l Decreto Supremo N° 024 que<strong>de</strong>clara <strong>de</strong> “necesidad pública” la concesión <strong>de</strong> 35 <strong>de</strong>nuncios mineros al consorcio chino Zijin,propietario <strong>de</strong>l proyecto minero Río Blanco Cooper S.A.1752. Se alegó que la <strong>de</strong>cisión <strong>de</strong> reabrir el caso contra los 35 <strong>de</strong>fensores por parte <strong>de</strong>l FiscalSuperior podría estar relacionada con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s legítimas en la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong>l medio ambientefrente a una actividad que pone en riesgo los recursos naturales en su comunidad. En vista <strong>de</strong> loaquí resumido, se expresó preocupación por el <strong>de</strong>recho a un <strong>de</strong>bido proceso <strong>de</strong> los 35 <strong>de</strong>fensores.Llamamiento urgente1753. El 1 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong>opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión y el Relator especial sobre la in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> los magistrados yabogados enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con las amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte contra el Sr. Francisco Soberón,la Sra. Gloria Cano y los Sres. Carlos Rivera y Ronald Gamarra. El Sr. Francisco Soberón esDirector Ejecutivo <strong>de</strong> la Asociación Pro Derechos Humanos (APRODEH), organización que haestado muy involucrada en el proceso <strong>de</strong>l juicio al ex-Presi<strong>de</strong>nte Alberto Fujimori. En cuanto ala Sra. Gloria Cano y los Sres. Carlos Rivera y Ronald Gamarra, son abogados <strong>de</strong> la parte civilen el juicio contra el ex-Presi<strong>de</strong>nte.1754. La Sra. Gloria Cano y APRODEH ya fueron objeto <strong>de</strong> varias comunicaciones <strong>de</strong> laentonces Representante Especial <strong>de</strong>l Secretario-<strong>General</strong> para los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos, quien envió varias comunicaciones, con fechas 10 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2008, 28 <strong>de</strong> febrero <strong>de</strong>2005 y 22 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2004. El Sr. Soberón fue objeto <strong>de</strong> una comunicación enviada el 16<strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2005.1755. La APRODEH es un colectivo <strong>de</strong> personas comprometidas con la lucha por la plenavigencia <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en el Perú, quienes asumen <strong>de</strong>nuncias y la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> lasvíctimas en el plano nacional e internacional. Asimismo, <strong>de</strong>sarrollan campañas sistemáticas entorno a los casos más graves <strong>de</strong> violaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2841756. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 6 <strong>de</strong> abril <strong>de</strong>l 2009 a las 12:48 <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong>, a lavíspera <strong>de</strong> la con<strong>de</strong>na al ex-Presi<strong>de</strong>nte Alberto Fujimori, APRODEH habría recibido una llamadaen su se<strong>de</strong>. Un hombre les habría dicho lo siguiente: "Los familiares <strong>de</strong> los terroristas, hemosestado siguiendo el trabajo <strong>de</strong> APRODEH, con lo <strong>de</strong> mañana, que los señores Soberón, Gamarra,Cano y Rivera que (sic) se <strong>de</strong>n por muertos". Cabe <strong>de</strong>stacar que esta llamada habría entradodirectamente al área legal <strong>de</strong> la organización APRODEH.1757. Se expresó temor que la amenaza en contra <strong>de</strong> los Sres. Francisco Soberón, Carlos Riveray Ronald Gamarra y la Sra. Gloria Cano podría estar relacionada con su trabajo en el proceso <strong>de</strong>ljuicio al ex-Presi<strong>de</strong>nte Alberto Fujimori. En vista <strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido se expresó preocupaciónpor la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> las personas mencionadas.Carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones1758. El 15 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con Grupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre el uso <strong>de</strong> mercenarios como medio <strong>de</strong>obstaculizar el ejercicio <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho <strong>de</strong> los pueblos a la libre <strong>de</strong>terminación, enviaron una carta<strong>de</strong> alegaciones señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida para reiterarnuestra profunda preocupación por la seguridad <strong>de</strong>l personal <strong>de</strong>l GRUFIDES porque se expresótemor que las alegaciones <strong>de</strong> amenazas directas o disfrazas <strong>de</strong> las empresas <strong>de</strong> seguridadprivadas podrían estar relacionadas con el trabajo en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y en laprotección <strong>de</strong>l medio ambiente en la región <strong>de</strong> Cajamarca en el Perú.1759. Sin implicar, <strong>de</strong> antemano, alguna conclusión sobre los hechos, es nuestraresponsabilidad <strong>de</strong> acuerdo con el mandato que nos han otorgado la Comisión y el Consejo <strong>de</strong>Derechos Humanos, vigilar y estudiar las repercusiones <strong>de</strong> las activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> las empresasprivadas que ofertan en el mercado internacional servicios <strong>de</strong> asistencia, asesoría y seguridadmilitares sobre el disfrute <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.Llamamiento urgente1760. El 25 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator especial sobre la in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> los magistrados yabogados enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con el Sr. Carlos Rivera Paz, abogado <strong>de</strong>fensor <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos y miembro directivo <strong>de</strong>l Instituto <strong>de</strong> Defensa Legal (IDL).1761. El abogado Carlos Rivera fue <strong>de</strong>tenido el 14 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, cuando regresaba al país<strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> cumplir con compromisos académicos en el exterior. Su or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong>tención fue emitidapor el Juzgado Penal 40 <strong>de</strong> Lima, por el <strong>de</strong>lito <strong>de</strong> uso <strong>de</strong> documento falso público.1762. Según la información recibida, el proceso penal iniciado contra el abogado Carlos Riverapor <strong>de</strong>nuncia formalizada el 18 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2008, habría sido a<strong>de</strong>lantado sin que en ningúnmomento se le notificara <strong>de</strong> la existencia <strong>de</strong>l mismo, hasta el momento <strong>de</strong> su <strong>de</strong>tención en junio<strong>de</strong> 2009. Por consiguiente, el abogado habría estado impedido <strong>de</strong> ejercer su <strong>de</strong>recho a la <strong>de</strong>fensa.El abogado no habría conocido los cargos que se le imputaban, ni habría podido llamar testigos<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>scargo, ni contrainterrogar los testigos presentados por la fiscalía. En suma, no habríapodido contra<strong>de</strong>cir ninguna <strong>de</strong> las pruebas aportadas por el Ministerio Público.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2851763. Asimismo, según la información recibida, la acusación fiscal individualizó un tipo penaldiferente al que había sido materia <strong>de</strong>l proceso penal. Siendo el primero falsificación <strong>de</strong>documento privado y el segundo, falsificación <strong>de</strong> documento público; hecho que tampoco habríapodido ser contradicho por el acusado, <strong>de</strong>bido a la falta <strong>de</strong> notificación.1764. De otra parte, se nos informó que el abogado Carlos Rivera, representó a varias <strong>de</strong> lasvíctimas en el proceso contra el ex presi<strong>de</strong>nte Alberto Fujimori, por el cual fue con<strong>de</strong>nadorecientemente. También <strong>de</strong>fendió a Nolberto Durand Ugarte, uno <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>saparecidos en lamatanza <strong>de</strong> El Frontón, penal en el que aquella época, el actual vicepresi<strong>de</strong>nte Luis Giampietri,habría comandado la Fuerza <strong>de</strong> Operaciones Especiales (FOES) <strong>de</strong> la Marina <strong>de</strong> Guerra <strong>de</strong>l Perú.La Corte Interamericana <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos con<strong>de</strong>nó al Estado Peruano en este caso yor<strong>de</strong>nó que se investigara judicialmente el caso, lo que habría generado una serie <strong>de</strong>investigaciones y diligencias en las que Rivera sigue participando en calidad <strong>de</strong> abogado. Estohabría motivado que en reiteradas oportunida<strong>de</strong>s, el actual vicepresi<strong>de</strong>nte Giampietri lo ataqueverbalmente, así como al IDL.1765. Igualmente, se alegó que resulta sospechoso que el abogado Rivera haya sido arrestadojusto antes <strong>de</strong> participar en varias audiencias relacionadas con supuestas violaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos ocurridas durante el anterior periodo <strong>de</strong> Gobierno <strong>de</strong>l Presi<strong>de</strong>nte Alan García.Llamamiento urgente1766. El día 26 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator especial sobre la promoción y protección <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>rechoa la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atenciónurgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida en relación con la intimidación y las amenazas <strong>de</strong>muerte contra el Sr. Andrés Luna Vargas. El Sr. Luna Vargas es el presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> la ConvenciónNacional <strong>de</strong>l Agro Peruano (CONVEAGRO) y el presi<strong>de</strong>nte colegiado <strong>de</strong>l Frente <strong>de</strong> Defensa <strong>de</strong>lAgua y <strong>de</strong> los Recursos Naturales en la región <strong>de</strong> Piura.1767. Según las informaciones recibidas, a finales <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Luna Vargas habríarecibido varias amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte por medio <strong>de</strong>l teléfono celular <strong>de</strong> un joven que trabaja con él.El Sr. Luna Vargas estaba en Lima cuando el joven habría recibido cuatro llamadas <strong>de</strong> unhombre no i<strong>de</strong>ntificado que pedía la ubicación <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Luna Vargas. Cuando el joven le negóinformación sobre su para<strong>de</strong>ro, el hombre habría amenazado <strong>de</strong> muerte al Sr. Luna Vargas y aljoven.1768. No es la primera vez que el Sr. Luna Vargas es objeto <strong>de</strong> intimidaciones y amenazas. Enmarzo <strong>de</strong> 2009, su granja habría sido dañada en un incendio que supuestamente habría sidocausado intencionalmente. A<strong>de</strong>más, en octubre <strong>de</strong> 2008, tres hombres con pasamontañas lehabrían atacado cuando se encontraba en un taxi. Le habrían amenazado, insultado y golpeadoantes <strong>de</strong> robar sus pertenencias y <strong>de</strong>jarlo en la calle.1769. Se expresó temor que la intimidación y las amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte contra el Sr. Luna Vargaspodrían estar relacionadas con el trabajo que realiza en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y enparticular con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s para proteger el medio ambiente y las tierras agrícolas en la región<strong>de</strong> Piura.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 286Llamamiento urgente1770. El día 22 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores<strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con el Sr. Segundo Jara Montejo. El Sr. JaraMontejo es el director ejecutivo <strong>de</strong> la Comisión <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> Alto Huallaga(CODHAH) y miembro <strong>de</strong> la Coordinadora Nacional <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos.1771. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 28 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009, aproximadamente a las 10horas <strong>de</strong> la noche, seis hombres no i<strong>de</strong>ntificados habrían llegado a la casa <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Jara Montejo yhabrían pedido a su esposa información sobre el para<strong>de</strong>ro <strong>de</strong> su esposo, <strong>de</strong> manera amenazante.La esposa <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Jara Montejo habría cerrado la puerta <strong>de</strong> la casa, ya que habría tenido miedo, ysu esposo habría llamado a la policía. Los hombres habrían esperado afuera <strong>de</strong> la casa duranteaproximadamente veinte minutos. Cuando llegó la policía, habrían escapado en un vehículo yuna motocicleta. Anteriormente, los hombres habrían pedido información a los vecinos acerca <strong>de</strong>las activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Jara Montejo y la dirección <strong>de</strong> su domicilio.1772. El Sr. Jara Montejo habría <strong>de</strong>nunciado el inci<strong>de</strong>nte con el Procurador <strong>de</strong> la provincia <strong>de</strong>Aucayacu y habría pedido la protección a<strong>de</strong>cuada para garantizar su integridad física y la <strong>de</strong> sufamilia.1773. El 2 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Sra. Leyla Chavez Inga, integrante <strong>de</strong>l CODHAH, sehabría encontrado en un autobús cuando habría escuchado personas <strong>de</strong>sconocidas <strong>de</strong>cir que elSen<strong>de</strong>ro Luminoso habría querido asesinar al Sr. Jara Montejo el 28 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009 por habercriticado las activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> la organización en el Alto Huallaga. Estas personas habríancomentado también que el Sr. Jara Montejo sería asesinado <strong>de</strong> cualquier forma.1774. Se expresó temor que este acto <strong>de</strong> intimidación y la posible amenaza contra la vida <strong>de</strong>l Sr.Jara Montejo podrían estar relacionados con sus activida<strong>de</strong>s en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno1775. Mediante las cartas fechada el 11 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 y el 11 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2010, porparte <strong>de</strong>l Consejo Nacional <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong> Justicia, el Gobiernorespondió a este llamamiento urgente. En la carta con fecha el 9 <strong>de</strong> marzo <strong>de</strong> 2009 se comunicóque, el día 23 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Secretario Ejecutivo habría recibido el informe sobreel caso <strong>de</strong>l Jefe <strong>de</strong>l Frente Policial Huallaga <strong>de</strong> la Dirección Ejecutiva <strong>de</strong> Operaciones Policiales<strong>de</strong> la Policía Nacional <strong>de</strong>l Perú. El informe confirmó los datos <strong>de</strong>l inci<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> la noche <strong>de</strong> 28 <strong>de</strong>agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009 y reiteró que los sujetos amenazantes que se apersonaron al hogar <strong>de</strong>l Sr. JaraMontejo no podían ser i<strong>de</strong>ntificados por el Sr. Montejo ni su esposa.1776. En relación con las investigaciones y diligencias judiciales iniciadas en relación con elcaso, se le recomendó al Sr. Montejo presentar una <strong>de</strong>nuncia formal ante la Comisaría <strong>de</strong> la zona,pero ello no se produjo. Sin embargo, la carta confirmó que personal <strong>de</strong> inteligencia se dispusopara tratar <strong>de</strong> i<strong>de</strong>ntificar a los responsables <strong>de</strong> las amenazas en contra <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Jara Montejo.Asimismo, una representante <strong>de</strong> la Oficina <strong>de</strong> Derechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> Aucayacu presentó una<strong>de</strong>nuncia ante la Fiscalía Mixta <strong>de</strong> Aucayacu la misma que <strong>de</strong>rivada a la Fiscalía Especializada<strong>de</strong> Terrorismo y Lesa Humanidad <strong>de</strong> Tingo Maríá el día 24 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2871777. En relación con las medidas cautelares iniciadas en nombre <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Jara Montejo, elComisario <strong>de</strong> Aucayacu habrían realizado patrullas motorizadas en diferentes horas con lafinalidad <strong>de</strong> prevenir y/o neutralizar posibles acciones <strong>de</strong> grupos terroristas en su contra. En lafecha en la que se formuló la carta, el Sr. Jara Montejo se encontraba en la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Lima.1778. En la carta con fecha el 11 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, se comunicó que en virtud <strong>de</strong> los presuntoshechos ocurridos contra el señor Segundo Jara Montejo era conveniente que se realiceninvestigaciones a nivel policial que permitan establecer la materialidad <strong>de</strong> los hechos ilícitos<strong>de</strong>nunciados y se individualice al presunto autor o autores.1779. En relación con investigaciones y diligencias judiciales iniciadas en relación con el caso,efectivos <strong>de</strong> la Policía Nacional (PCP) adscritos a la Comisaría Policía Nacional <strong>de</strong> Aucayacu, laDirección Nacional <strong>de</strong> Operaciones Especiales (DINOES) y la Dirección Contra el Terrorismo(DIRCOTE) acudieron a la resi<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong>l Jara Montejo inmediatamente <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> conocer loshechos. Le recomendaron al Sr. Jara que se presente a la Comisaría PNP <strong>de</strong> Aucayacu paraformalizar su <strong>de</strong>nuncia y le informaron que patrullarían la zona y que realizarían labores <strong>de</strong>inteligencia. Sin embargo, el Sr. Jara no presentó alguna <strong>de</strong>nuncia policial. Se informó que el 15<strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 se registró una <strong>de</strong>nuncia <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Jara en la Fiscalía Mixta <strong>de</strong> Aucayacu, lamisma que fue remitida a la Fiscalía especializada <strong>de</strong> Terrorismo y Lesa Humanidad <strong>de</strong>l DistritoJudicial <strong>de</strong> Huánuco. El 7 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2009 la citada Fiscalía aperturó investigación policialremitiendo los actuados al Jefe <strong>de</strong> la DIRCOTE-DEPITAC-Tingo María, notificando al Sr. Jarapara que rinda su manifestación conforme a ley.1780. En relación con medidas cautelares adoptadas, la Gobernación <strong>de</strong> Aucayacu informó a laDefensoría <strong>de</strong>l Pueblo que no obra ninguna solicitud <strong>de</strong> garantías <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Jara. De otro lado, laPolicía Nacional <strong>de</strong> la Comisaría PNP <strong>de</strong> Aucayacu ha tomado conocimiento que hasta la fechael Sr. Jara se encuentra en la ciudad <strong>de</strong> Lima.Llamamiento urgente1781. El 9 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>lGobierno la información recibida en relación con el Sr. Pedro Condori Laurente, y el Sr.Claudio Boza Huanhuayo. El Sr. Condori Laurente es el Secretario <strong>General</strong> <strong>de</strong>l Sindicato <strong>de</strong>Trabajadores Mineros <strong>de</strong> Casapalca y el Sr. Boza Huanhuayo es dirigente <strong>de</strong>l mismo sindicato.1782. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 23 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Sr. Boza Huanhuayohabría sido <strong>de</strong>tenido en la capital, Lima. Asimismo, el 9 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009 el Sr. CondoriLaurente habría sido <strong>de</strong>tenido en la misma ciudad. Los Sres. Boza Huanhuayo y CondoriLaurente habrían sido acusados <strong>de</strong> haber participado en la muerte <strong>de</strong>l Capitán <strong>de</strong> la PolicíaNacional <strong>de</strong> Perú, el Sr. Giuliano Carlos Villarreal Lobatón. Supuestamente los Sres. BozaHuanhuayo y Condori Laurente siguen en <strong>de</strong>tención en el penal <strong>de</strong> Aucallama. No se habríaestablecido todavía la fecha para el juicio.1783. El 24 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2008, el Capitán Villarreal Lobatón habría muerto durante unamanifestación organizada por los trabajadores mineros <strong>de</strong> la Compañía Casapalca S.A. La huelgase habría producido por el incumplimiento <strong>de</strong> la compañía <strong>de</strong> un acta firmada el 17 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong>2008 y por la negativa <strong>de</strong> la compañía <strong>de</strong> entablar un diálogo con los trabadores en relación con


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 288el pliego petitorio <strong>de</strong> 2008 y 2009. El Capitán Villarreal Lobatón habría muerto cuando unapiedra le habría caído <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> las alturas. Se alega que anteriormente se habrían producido<strong>de</strong>rrumbes <strong>de</strong> rocas en este lugar que habrían resultado en varios acci<strong>de</strong>ntes parecidos, en uno <strong>de</strong>los cuales habría muerto un trabajador.1784. Se alegó que los Sres. Boza Huanhuayo y Condori Laurente no habrían participado en lamuerte <strong>de</strong>l Capitán Villarreal Lobatón y que estas <strong>de</strong>tenciones buscarían <strong>de</strong>bilitar el sindicato enel contexto <strong>de</strong> las negociaciones entre el sindicato y la compañía Casapalca que se <strong>de</strong>sarrollabanen ese momento. Asimismo, supuestamente no existen pruebas ni testigos que <strong>de</strong>muestran laculpabilidad <strong>de</strong> los Sres. Condori Laurente y Boza Huanhuayo en este inci<strong>de</strong>nte y tampoco sehabría podido comprobar que los Sres. Boza Huanhuayo y Condori Laurente se encontraban enel lugar <strong>de</strong>l inci<strong>de</strong>nte cuando se produjo la muerte <strong>de</strong>l Capitán Villarreal Lobatón.1785. Se expresó temor que la <strong>de</strong>tención <strong>de</strong> los Sres. Boza Huanhuayo y Condori Laurentepodrían estar relacionada con las activida<strong>de</strong>s que realizan en la <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos,y en particular sus activida<strong>de</strong>s sindicalistas.Observaciones1786. La Relatora Especial agra<strong>de</strong>ce al Gobierno por su respuesta a la comunicación fechada el22 <strong>de</strong> septiembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, y expresa su satisfacción por el hecho <strong>de</strong> que se hayan iniciadoinvestigaciones y procesos <strong>de</strong> protección en este caso. No obstante, la Relatora Especial lamentaque al finalizar este informe, no se había recibido respuestas a las comunicaciones <strong>de</strong>l 23 <strong>de</strong>enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 1 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 15 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 25 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, el 26 <strong>de</strong>agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009 y el 9 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009. La Relatora Especial consi<strong>de</strong>ra que al respon<strong>de</strong>r alas comunicaciones representa un elemento fundamental para la cooperación <strong>de</strong> los Estados conel mandato, es por ello que insta al gobierno peruano a que le proporcione una respuesta tratandolos asuntos mencionados.1787. La Relatora Especial expresa preocupación por varios casos <strong>de</strong> supuestas amenazasdirigidas en contra <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensores cuyo trabajo está enfocado en la protección <strong>de</strong>l medioambiente, los recursos naturales y los <strong>de</strong>rechos territoriales, así como en contra <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fensoresque luchan contra la impunidad y la corrupción a través <strong>de</strong> activida<strong>de</strong>s como investigaciones,procesos legales y la vigilancia <strong>de</strong> las violaciones <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.Letter of allegationsPhilippines1788. On 7 April 2009, the Special Rapporteur, jointly with the Special Rapporteur onextrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal concerningthe killing of Mr Eliezer Billanes, a human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r and anti-mining activist. Mr Billaneswas among others the Chairman of Socsksargends – AGENDA, a regional anti-mining alliancein southern Mindanao; the Chairman of South Cotabato Alliance for Nationalism andDemocracy (SOCPAND), the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> and Program Director of Samahan ngMagsasaka sa Timog Kutabato (SAMATIKU).


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2891789. According to the information received, on 9 March 2009, at approximately 4pm in theafternoon, Mr Eliezer Billanes was shot <strong>de</strong>ad in the public market of Koronadal City, SouthCotabato, Mindanao Island, by two uni<strong>de</strong>ntified masked gunmen riding a scooter.1790. On the day of the mur<strong>de</strong>r, Mr Billanes had atten<strong>de</strong>d a meeting with Lt. EduardoFlorentino, the comman<strong>de</strong>r of the 27th Infantry Batallion’s Charlie Company, based in Tupi,South Cotabato, and three other officials. The subject of the meeting had been the personalsecurity of Mr Eliezer Billanes, who had received several threats, including allegedly from themilitary, due to his vocal stance against Sagittarius Mines Inc. During this meeting, Mr Billaneshad voiced strong opposition to the presence of the 27th Infantry Batallion in his village.1791. The police chief of Koronadal City, Superinten<strong>de</strong>nt Froilan Quidilla has opened aninvestigation into the mur<strong>de</strong>r of Mr Billanes. South Cotabato Governor Daisy Avance-Fuentes<strong>de</strong>clared that she would personally look into the mur<strong>de</strong>r of Mr Billanes. Lt Eduardo Florentino ofthe 27th Infantry Batallion <strong>de</strong>nied any hand in the killing, in an interview for Radio MindanaoNetwork. He also said that the military had some leads in the case, but “could not reveal them forfear of jeopardizing the ongoing operation”.1792. While not prejudging the accuracy of these allegations, concern was expressed that thekilling of Mr Eliezer Billanes might be in connection with his peaceful activities in <strong>de</strong>fence ofhuman rights, especially his environmentalist and anti-mining advocacy.Response from the Government1793. In a letter dated 14 April 2009, the Government indicated that the case is un<strong>de</strong>r jointinvestigation by the Philippine National Police of South Cotabato and Koronadal City.Authorities are taking all possible measures for the early solution of the case, to establish thei<strong>de</strong>ntity of suspects, and to put those perpetrators to justice. Any updates/<strong>de</strong>velopmentsconcerning the case will be later transmitted.Urgent appeal1794. On 13 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with by the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the SpecialRapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent anurgent appeal regarding Ms. Aurora Broquil, Ms. Emily Fajardo, Mr. Francisco Honra, Mr. b,Mr. Domingo Alcantara and Mr. Archie Bathan, six human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs who campaignagainst the Bataan nuclear power plant.1795. According to the information received, on 26, 27 and 28 June 2009, Ms. Aurora Broquil,Ms. Emily Fajardo, and Mr. Francisco Honra received a series of <strong>de</strong>ath threats on their mobilephones from the same number.1796. On 27 May 2009, Mr. Rafel Limcumpao, Mr. Domingo Alcantara and Mr. Archie Bathan,were arrested by approximately 20 police and military personnel from the Philippine NationalPolice 303rd Provincial Mobile Group, a unit from the Military Intelligence and the 3rd InfantryBattalion. The three men were forced to lie down facing the floor. They were kicked and hit with


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 290rifles while being searched. They were then handcuffed, dragged to two vehicles and taken to thePhilippine National Police 303rd Provincial Mobile Group in Camp Tolentino.1797. While in the Camp, they were tortured while being questioned and the beatings lasteduntil 2:00 a.m. the next day. Mr. Alcantara was beaten and suffocated with a thick plastic bag.The police also hit Mr. Bathan in the face with a solid object while he was blindfol<strong>de</strong>d,performed Russian roulette and hit his ears on several occasions. They were told to admit thatthey were members of a rebel group.1798. The following day, the three victims were presented before the press, and the policeclaimed that they were the lea<strong>de</strong>rs of a rebel group. However, no formal charges had been filedat that time. Later that day, they were taken to the Office of the Prosecutor, where they werecharged on three counts of attempted mur<strong>de</strong>r, illegal possession of explosives and firearms.1799. Prior to the arrest, Mr. Limcumpao, Mr. Alcantara and Mr. Bathan had been planning toorganize campaigns to protest the possible renewed operation of the Bataan nuclear power plantin the area. The group was opposed to the operation as it would allegedly have seriousenvironmental and health implications to local resi<strong>de</strong>ntsUrgent appeal1800. On 7 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onextrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal regarding thekillings of Mr. Crispin Perez Jr., Mr. Antonio Castillo, Mr. Jonathan Petalvero, Mr.Godofredo Linao, as well as alleged threats against Mr. Mario Alviso.1801. According to information received, on 9 June 2009 at around 10:00 a.m, Mr. CrispinPerez Jr., a lawyer, former vice-governor of Occi<strong>de</strong>ntal Mindoro province and a radiocommentator at the local government-owned radio station dwDO, was shot by an unknowngunman outsi<strong>de</strong> his home in San Jose City in Occi<strong>de</strong>ntal Mindoro province. He later died inhospital as the result of his injuries. Shortly before his <strong>de</strong>ath, Mr. Perez had criticised localmining activities and the signing of a supply contract between a local cooperative and a privatepower firm.1802. On 12 June 2009 at around 9:00 a.m., Mr. Antonio Castillo, a columnist for Bigwas, wasshot at close range by two men on a motorcycle on the <strong>national</strong> highway in Marcella village,Uson town, Masbate province. Mr. Castillo was reportedly rushed to a hospital, but died threehours later as a result of his injuries. As yet a motive for the killing of Mr. Castillo has not beenestablished, but reports claim that he had reported and commented on alleged corruption at thecommunity level.1803. On 27 June 2009, Mr. Jonathan Petalvero, a radio host on DXFM station, was shot <strong>de</strong>adby a masked gunman at a restaurant in the town of Bayugan on Mindanao Island. He was<strong>de</strong>clared <strong>de</strong>ad upon arrival at hospital. Mr. Petalvero was known for his critical commentaries onalleged local corruption.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2911804. On 27 July 2009 at around 1 a.m., Mr. Godofredo Linao received a text message invitinghim to a restaurant in Barobo town, Surigao Del Sur province. An uni<strong>de</strong>ntified gunman thenreportedly shot Mr. Liano four times after he parked his motorcycle and crossed the road to therestaurant. Whilst the motive of the killing remains unclear, some reports suggest that Mr. Linaowas targeted for his broadcasts which often focused on alleged corruption within the localgovernment.1805. On 28 July 2009, Mr. Mario Alviso, manager of Radyo Nitin, received a text messagefrom an uni<strong>de</strong>ntified sen<strong>de</strong>r the day after Mr. Linao’s mur<strong>de</strong>r, stating that the killing was “just asample” of what could be done, and that “he would be next”.1806. Concern was expressed that the aforementioned events might represent a direct attempt toprevent in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt reporting in the Philippines thus stifling freedom of expression in thecountry. Further concern was expressed for the physical and psychological security of mediaprofessionals in the Philippines.Responses from the Government1807. In a letter dated 28 October 2009, the Government indicated that on 3 August 2009, theTask Force Against Political Violence, also know as Task Force 211 of the Department ofJustice, announced the filing of charges against a certain “Doy” in the killing if Mr. GodofredoLinao. The case was filed at the Regional Trial Court (RTC) of Lianga Sur, docketed as CriminalCase No. 1-2295. Prior to that, a case against the suspect in the killing of Mr. Jonathan Petalverowas filed on 30 July 2009 at the RTC Branch 7 of Bayugan, Agusan <strong>de</strong>l Sur, and docketed asCriminal Case No. 3012.1808. In another letter dated 23 November 2009, the Government gave further informationabout the killings mentioned in the letter of allegations.1809. According to reports, Mr. Perez was hot by an uni<strong>de</strong>ntified male who posed as a client atthe victim’s resi<strong>de</strong>nce in Poblacion 7, San Jose, Mindoro Occi<strong>de</strong>ntal on 9 June 2009. Aninvestigation ensued, which resulted in the filing of a complaint before the Department of Justiceagainst a police officer – PO2 Darwin Quimoyog on 2 July 2009. The case is now submitted forresolution. Two possible motives for the killing were explored during the course of investigation:1) political motive, in relation to the profession of Mr. Perez as a lawyer and media practitioner;and 2) the involvement of his wife in several estafa cases. Authorities ruled that political motivecould be the primary reason for the killing.1810. According to reports, Mr. Castillo was on his way home when he was shot by suspectsalong the National Highway in Barangay Marcella, Uson, Masbate on 12 June 2009 at around 9a.m. A complaint for mur<strong>de</strong>r was filed against suspects before the Provincial Prosecution Officeof Masbate, and based on a resolution dated 14 October 2009, there was a finding of probablecause. Information for mur<strong>de</strong>r was filed before the RTC of Masbate City against a certain alias“Joy Joy” and “John Doe”.1811. Mr. Fetalvero was shot and killed on 25 June 2009 at about 7 p.m. while having adrinking spree at June 8 Lechon Manok and Fastfood in Rotonda, Poblacion, Bayugan, Agusan<strong>de</strong>l Sur. According to reports, the victim was not a media practitioner, but a regular resource


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 292speaker in the program of Vice Mayor Genesis Efren. The Chairman of the Kapisanan ng mgaBrodkaster ng Pilipinas – KBP (association of broadcaster in the Philippines) Agusan <strong>de</strong>l SurChapter issued a certification to this effect. Furthermore, the victim was allegedly planning torun as councilor of Bayugan for the 2010 elections. <strong>Base</strong>d on testimonies of witnesses, acomplaint was filed against a certain alias “Ger” before the Prosecutor’s Office in bayugan,Agusan <strong>de</strong>l Sur. An arrest warrant was issued on 11 August 2009 against the suspect.1812. Mr. Lianao was shot while riding his motorcycle in front of Bogak Lodge in Purok 1,Barobo, Surigao <strong>de</strong>l Sur on 27 July 2009 at around 1.15 a.m. Asi<strong>de</strong> from working as acommentator/disc jockey in two radio stations, the victim worked as political ai<strong>de</strong>/spokepersonto Vice-Governor Librado Navarro of Surigao <strong>de</strong>l Sur. On the basis of <strong>de</strong>scription given bywitnesses, a sketch of the primary suspect was prepared which was <strong>de</strong>signated as alias “Doy”.Information for mur<strong>de</strong>r was filed on 31 July 2009 against alias “Doy” and a certain “John Doe”.Thereafter, an amen<strong>de</strong>d complaint against Joel Namoc a.k.a. Poloy and three other “John Does”were filed at the RTC Branch 28 of Lianga, Surigao <strong>de</strong>l Sur. An arrest warrant was issued for thearrest of the suspects on 3 September 2009.Letter of allegations1813. On 7 October 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onextrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, sent a letter of allegations regarding the killingsMr Romulo Mendova and Father Cecilo Pelito Lucero.1814. According to information received, on 5 September 2009, Mr Romulo Mendova, apeasant activist, was shot <strong>de</strong>ad in <strong>Base</strong>, Samar by two uni<strong>de</strong>ntified men riding a motorcycle.1815. On 6 September 2009, Father Cecilo Pelito Lucero, aged 48, was traveling with twocompanions in the direction to Catarman. At the highway near the cemetery of BarangayLayuhan in San Jose town, approximately 30 uni<strong>de</strong>ntified armed men ambushed the car. FatherCecilo Pelito Lucero sustained multiple gunshots that caused his immediate <strong>de</strong>ath. Father CeciloPelito Lucero was the Coordinator of the Human Rights Desk of the Diocesan Social ActionCenter of the Catholic Diocese of Catarman, a member of the Promotion of Church People’sResponse and Chairman of the Task Force Peace and Or<strong>de</strong>r of the Diocese of Catarman. He hadreceived a number of threats from the military and was un<strong>de</strong>r surveillance for his role inreporting on human rights violations by the military in Northern Samar.Response from the Government to communications sent before the reporting period1816. In a letter dated 3 June 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to a joint communication dated29 August 2008, informing that on 3 August 2008, while Pastor Romeo Tagud was officiatingmass at the Iglesia Filipina In<strong>de</strong>pendiente Church (IFI) in Bago City, Negros Occi<strong>de</strong>ntal, anuni<strong>de</strong>ntified girl approached the cleric and han<strong>de</strong>d him a white envelop containing one round oflive ammunition for an M-16 armalite rifle.During police investigation, it was learned that Fr.Tagud had an extra-marital affair with a certain Reyna Retolosa of Barangay Balingasag, BagoCity. Priests ordained in the IFI are allowed to get married. In fact, Fr. Tagud has three childrenwith his legal wife. It is believed that the supposed “threat” to Fr. Tagud came from the family ofMs. Retolosa. This angle is still the subject of further investigation. Due to the inci<strong>de</strong>nt, Fr.Tagud had requested a transfer of since 17 August 2008. There are strong indications that the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 293said “<strong>de</strong>ath threat” on Fr. Tagud was connected to his alleged liaison with Ms. Retolosa, and wasnot in any way connected to his activism and human rights advocacy. There have been no otherreports of threats to his life after he left Bago City.1817. In the same letter, the Government informed that upon verification with other agencies,including the regional office of the Commission on Human Rights, the Negros OrientalProvincial Police Office learned that four members of KARAPATAN-Central Visayas, namelyDennis Abarrientos, Jean Suarez, Corcodina Oyao, and Vilmarie Arcilla did not file any report orcomplaint of harassment. Further investigation revealed that Vilmarie Arcilla and HenryEstrellanes had faced charges for kidnapping and serious illegal <strong>de</strong>tention of Catalino Ortega yBalasabas before the Negros Provincial Prosecutor’s Office, docketed as I.S. Case Number 2008-505. The charges were filed by SP01 Genaro T. Nodado of Valencia Police Station whoinvestigated the verified complaint against Arcilla and Estrellanes. Catalino Ortega was <strong>de</strong>tainedagainst hi will for 11 days by Arcilla and her group. The case was filed when Catalino’s mothersought the assistance of Valencia Police Station. Catalino was only released when the groupholding him learned of the kidnapping charges filed against them. Due to technicalities, saidcharges were later dismissed by the investigating prosecutor. In its report, Negros OrientalProvincial Police Office stated that Ms. Arcilla and her companions may have misconstrued thefiling of the case as “harassment”. Said police office also conclu<strong>de</strong>d that no members ofKARAPATAN-Central Visayas were harassed or threatened.1818. In a letter dated 16 July 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication dated 5October 2007, informing the parents of Ms. Karen Empeño, Ms. Sherlyn Cadapan and Mr.Manuel Merino filed before the Court of Appeals a Petition for Habeas Corpus on 17 July 2006,praying that a Writ of Habeas Corpus be issued directing several respon<strong>de</strong>nts of the ArmedForces of the Philippines (AFP) to bring the bodies of the victims to the Court. The petition waslater dismissed for lack of evi<strong>de</strong>nce that the victims were in<strong>de</strong>ed in respon<strong>de</strong>nts’ custody.However, on 24 October 2007, a Writ of Amparo was subsequently filed in the Supreme Courtwhere the Court resolved to issue the Writ and or<strong>de</strong>red the Court of Appeals to hear the petition.Hearing were conducted with Raymond Manalo as the principal witness since the latter testifiesthat he saw Sherlyn Cadapan in the same military camp where he was brought after he waskidnapped by paramilitaries soldiers. The Court of Appeals, on the basis of Raymond Manalo’stestimony, directed the AFP to immediately release, or cause the release from <strong>de</strong>tention, theperson of Cadapan, Empeño and Merino, <strong>de</strong>spite the AFP’s <strong>de</strong>nial of their alleged involvement.In addition, the Philippine National Police (PNP) was or<strong>de</strong>red to resume its unfinishedinvestigation so that the truth will be fully ascertained and appropriate charges filed against thosetruly responsible. However, witnesses refused to cooperate with the investigators <strong>de</strong>spite severalattempts to communicate and/or coordinate with them. Nevertheless, the PNP is continuing toexert more efforts so that the witnesses or anyone who can give any information woul<strong>de</strong>ventually cooperate.Observations1819. The Special Rapporteur thanks the Government for its responses, but regrets that at thetime of finalizing the present report, the Government had not transmitted a reply to hercommunications of 8 October 2009, 13 July 2009, 3 September 2008, 9 July 2008, 20 June 2008,7 May 2008, 30 April 2008, 23 April 2008, 14 March 2008, 9 November 2007, 4 October 2007(Franklin Cabiguin Labial), 9 November 2006, 12 July 2006 (Adulaziz Shamrod), 26 April 2006,


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 29423 February 2006, 2 December 2005, 22 February 2005, 24 September 2004, 1 March 2004 and21 January 2004. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications an important part of thecooperation of Governments with her mandate. She urges the Government to respond to theconcerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken toprosecute the perpetrators as well as protective measures taken to ensure the physical and mentalintegrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and their families.1820. The Special Rapporteur remains seriously concerned regarding the persistent challengesfaced by human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in the Philippines, including extrajudicial killing, threats andintimidation, arbitrary arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention, and illegitimate restrictions to the right of freedomsof opinion and expression, peaceful assembly and association. She urges the Government of thePhilippines to conduct thorough investigations in each case and prosecute the perpetrators. Thisis crucial in or<strong>de</strong>r to create a safe environment conducive to the work of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs.1821. The Special Rapporteur hopes that the Government of the Philippines will respondfavourably to her follow-up request of 21 January 2010 to visit the country (NB: first requestissued in November 2008), in or<strong>de</strong>r to strengthen the dialogue with the authorities on theworrying situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in the Philippines.Urgent appealRepublic of Korea1822. On 26 March 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal to theGovernment regarding Mr Chun Keun Lee, a journalist with public TV station MunhwaBroadcasting Corporation (MBC).1823. According to information received, on 25 March 2009, at approximately 10.20 p.m., MrLee was arrested by police officers in Seoul. Mr Lee and his wife were driving near the MBCheadquarters when they were intercepted by three unmarked vehicles. A number of policeofficers got out of the vehicles and han<strong>de</strong>d Mr Lee a summons to present himself at theProsecutor’s office. When Mr Lee failed to comply with their <strong>de</strong>mands he was issued with anarrest warrant and taken by force in one of the awaiting vehicles. He is currently being <strong>de</strong>tainedat the office of the Prosecutor in Seoul, and faces up to five years in prison.1824. According to reports, Mr Lee’s arrest is linked to his involvement in reporting on theimport of beef products from the United States which sparked wi<strong>de</strong>spread protests throughoutthe country in May 2008. The report was broadcast on the MBC investigative programme PDNote in April 2008. In early March 2009, journalists involved in the programme were reportedlyaccused of <strong>de</strong>famation by the Ministry of Agriculture on the grounds of “minor translationerrors.”1825. Concern was expressed that the aforementioned events may represent a direct attempt toprevent in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt reporting in South Korea, particularly in light of the recent arrest and<strong>de</strong>tention of other journalists in the country, including Mr Roh Jong-myeon, a journalist for YTNon 22 March 2009. Mr Roh Jong-meyon was the subject of an urgent appeal letter sent on behalf


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 295of the Special Rapporteur on the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention on 24 March 2009.Response form the Government1826. In a letter dated 2 June 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on26 March 2009.1827. With regard to the facts relating to the <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Lee Chun Geun, the Governmentnoted that an investigation of this case was carried out pursuant to a request by the Ministry ofFood, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Ministry of Agriculture) and complaints filed by theformer Minister and Deputy Minister of Agriculture. They claimed that the facts were distortedby the TV programme which used intentionally mistranslated subtitles and edited the content in amisleading manner, and as a result, Mr. Lee directly <strong>de</strong>famed the former Ministers. The mainpoint of this case was to find out whether Mr. Lee intentionally reported false information or not.1828. The urgent appeal states that Mr. Lee was arrested immediately after his refusal tocomply with an attendance request un<strong>de</strong>r a summons han<strong>de</strong>d to him on the sceen of his arrest.However, this is not the case. During the period from July 2008 to March 2009, the prosecutionserved Mr. Lee with four summonses in or<strong>de</strong>r to commence an investigation of the case.However, explicitly expressing unwillingness to cooperate with the prosecution, he refused toattend or submit the requested documents. Therefore, the prosecution arrested Mr. Lee on awarrant of arrest issued by a judge in accordance with Article 200(2) of the Criminal ProcedureAct.1829. The urgent appeal states that Mr. Lee “is currently being <strong>de</strong>tained at the office of theProsecutor in Seoul, and faces up to five years in prison”. However, Mr. Lee was arrested atapproximately 22:25 on 25 March 2009 and released after questioning at approximately 22:00 on27 March 2009. Mr. Lee was <strong>de</strong>tained for less than 48 hours and is now un<strong>de</strong>r investigationwithout being <strong>de</strong>tained.1830. Regarding the conformity with <strong>national</strong> legislation related to freedomof expression andthe provisions un<strong>de</strong>r the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the Governmentnoted that the Constitution of the Republic of Korea (Articles 21(1) and 37(2) guarantees thefreedom of the press and speech and this freedom may be restricted by law only when necessaryfor <strong>national</strong> security, the maintenance of law and or<strong>de</strong>r or for public welfare. Even when suchrestriction is imposed, no essential aspect of the freedom shall be violated. However, Article307(2) of the Criminal Act stipulates that “those who <strong>de</strong>fame one person by publicly allegingfalse information” shall be punished. That is to say, those intentionally reporting falseinformation, not based on facts, and resulting in the <strong>de</strong>famation of another person, will becomesubject to investigation. Such laws also conform to the UDHR and ICCPR.1831. It is true that, Mr. Lee, a producer at MBC, a public broadcasting corporation, is entitledto enjoy the freedom of speech and expression. However, it is not appropriate to claim theinvestigation process was a violation of the freedom of speech and expression, since theprosecution followed the due process of investigation stipulated in the Criminal Procedure Act,based on request from the Ministry of Agriculture and complaints by former ministers, who


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 296accused Mr. Lee of distorting the truth and reporting false information, leading to theinfringement of fairness and objectivity of broadcasting.1832. Regarding the legal grounds for the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Lee and compatibilitywith inter<strong>national</strong> norms and standards, the Government noted that the Constitution of theRepublic of Korea (Article 12) stipulates that all citizens shall enjoy personal liberty and no oneshall be punished except as provi<strong>de</strong>d by law and through lawful procedures. The CriminalProcedure Act of the Republic of Korea makes it a rule to investigate without <strong>de</strong>tention.However, in accordance with Article 200-2(1) of the Act, the prosecution may arrest a suspectwith a warrant of arrest issued by a judge in cases where there is a good reason to suspect thatthe person has committed crimes and he/she refuses to comply an attendance request without duecause. If the public prosecutor intends to <strong>de</strong>tain the suspect after the arrest, he/she should requestfor a warrant of <strong>de</strong>tention to a judge within 48 hours from the time when the suspect was arrested.The suspect should be released immediately if a warrant of <strong>de</strong>tention is not requested within 48hours from the time of the suspect’s arrest.1833. There were good reasons to suspect Mr. Lee <strong>de</strong>faming the former ministers, based on theevi<strong>de</strong>nce submitted by the accusers. Mr. Lee also refused to attend for questioning for severaltime without any due cause. Therefore, the public prosecutor arrested him on a warrant of arrestissued by a judge and released him directly after questioning him. As this accords with the dueprocess set out in the Criminal Procedure Act, it was not an arbitrary arrest and conforms tointer<strong>national</strong> human rights norms and standards.1834. The Korean Government guarantees the freedom of speech and expression in compliancewith the UDHR and ICCPR, prohibits arbitrary arrest, and follows the due process of law in itsarrest procedures. As explained above, Mr. Lee, a suspect charged with <strong>de</strong>famation, was arrestedin accordance with the due process set out in the Criminal Procedure Act, but at present he isun<strong>de</strong>r investigation without being <strong>de</strong>tained.1835. There have been allegations that the investigation bodies carried out law enforcementwith the intention of oppressing the media, which is not the case. Consi<strong>de</strong>ring the situation andthe points mentioned above, the Government requested the mandate hol<strong>de</strong>rs to review once againthe situation related to the arrest of Mr. Lee Chun Geun in a fair and balanced manner.Letter of allegations1836. On 1 April 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur ona<strong>de</strong>quate housing as a component of the right to an a<strong>de</strong>quate standard of living and on the rightto non-discrimination in this context, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection ofthe right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent a letter of allegations regarding violentforced evictions and <strong>de</strong>ath of protestors as a consequence in Yongsan, Republic of Korea.1837. According to the information received, on 20 January 2009 in Zone 4, in Yongsan, adistrict of Seoul, five protestors were killed during a protest against forced eviction and thepolice crackdown to stop it. These events resulted from the implementation of an urbanre<strong>de</strong>velopment project which has led to alleged massive forced evictions with no plan forresettlement.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 2971838. Yongsan was <strong>de</strong>signated as a re<strong>de</strong>velopment project area in 2006. The families residingthere only found out about it at the end of 2007, long after the Government had approved theplan for its implementation scheduled by the private enterprises. Reportedly, the tenants wereonly informed of their forthcoming eviction through the compensation notice one month beforethe eviction took place. As a consequence of this lack of notification, the tenants had noopportunities to challenge the authorities’ <strong>de</strong>cision or to file a legal complaint, to presentalternative proposals, or to articulate their <strong>de</strong>mand and priorities. They were also <strong>de</strong>nied theopportunity to be provi<strong>de</strong>d with legal and technical advice about their rights and options.1839. It is reported that previous to April 2008, construction workers were stationed at Yongsan,and harassed people in various ways, threatening them with cudgels, obstructing people’sbusiness, braking water pipes to prevent people from having clean water, sexually harassingwomen, threatening children and committing physical violence. For these reasons, some of thetenants moved out without any a<strong>de</strong>quate resettlement. The security personnel <strong>de</strong>molishedbuildings as soon as tenants moved out. Reportedly, the Yongsan resi<strong>de</strong>nts asked for policeprotection, but neither investigation nor action was carried out.1840. Information states that the eviction also resulted in the loss of economic activity andincome for a lot of tenants, who had established themselves over a long time in this area. Theirforced moving ma<strong>de</strong> them lose their customers and pay extra costs to start again a new activity.According to additional information, the district office and the Police ma<strong>de</strong> no effort to arbitratethe conflict between tenants and the business enterprise which owns the building.1841. According to sources, the tenants created a Committee (the Committee of TenantsProtesting Against Demolitions) to organize themselves against the evictions. The Yongsandistrict office reportedly pulled down the place where the Committee of Tenants ProtestingAgainst Demolitions used to gather, which according to the source, aimed at preventing theCommittee from gathering.1842. In March 2008, the inhabitants asking for comprehensive resettlement plan joined theFe<strong>de</strong>ration Against House Demolition (Jun Chul Yun, a fe<strong>de</strong>ration of different CommitteesAgainst Demolitions) and <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d to prepare a <strong>de</strong>monstration, as a last resort. On the morning of9 January 2009, approximately 50 people, including tenants of Yongsan and their supporters,started a sit-in protest on the rooftop of a five-story temporary building.1843. Three and half hours after the beginning of the protest, compulsory measures to end theprotest were requested by the Yongsan Police Station chief and approved by the SeoulMetropolitan Police Agency Commissioner, Kim Seok-ki. In or<strong>de</strong>r to disperse the protesters,approximately 1.600 police officers as well as 49 SWAT officers trained for counterterrorismoperations were dispatched around the area. During the police crackdown, a fire broke out. Fiveprotesters and one SWAT officer died as a consequence. Among the five civilian victims, two –Lee Sang-rim and Yang Hui-sung – were involved in the committee of <strong>de</strong>molition protesters inYongsan and three – Lee Seong-su, Yoon Yong-hyun, and Han Dae-sung – were involved incommittees of <strong>de</strong>molition protesters in other places of Seoul or in Gyeonggi and had <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d tosupport their counterparts.1844. After the inci<strong>de</strong>nt, the authorities carried out investigations on the events which resultedin the arrest of a number of protesters, and no charges were filed against the police. According to


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 298reports, this inci<strong>de</strong>nt is not isolated or acci<strong>de</strong>ntal, but the result of continuous violence bysecurity personnel in the framework of re<strong>de</strong>velopment projects that inclu<strong>de</strong> massive force<strong>de</strong>victions.Observations1845. The Spcial Rapporteur wishes to thanks the Government for the <strong>de</strong>tailed responsetransmitted to her communication of 26 March 2009, but regrets that at the time the presentreport was finalized, no response had been received to the communication of 1 April 2009. Sheconsi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications as an important part of the cooperation ofGovernments with her mandate, and urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised byher.Letter of allegationsRussian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration1846. On 22 January 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairman-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, Special Rapporteur onextrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce ofjudges and lawyers, Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedomof opinion and expression, sent a letter of allegations regarding Mr Stanislav Markelov and Ms.Anastasia Baburova. Mr. Stanislav Markelov was a lawyer <strong>de</strong>aling with various human rightsrelated cases and active in <strong>de</strong>fending victims of enforced disappearances and other human rightsviolations committed in Chechnya. Mr. Markelov was the lawyer of the family of Ms. ElsaKungaeva, a Chechen woman abducted and mur<strong>de</strong>red by an officer of the armed forces of theRussian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration in the year 2000, Mr. Yuri Budanov, and was instrumental in the 2005conviction of a police officer, Sergei Lapin, who was sentenced to 11 years in prison for thetorture and disappearance of a young Chechen man. Mr. Markelov previously also representedthe journalist Anna Politkovskaya. Ms. Anastasia Baburova was a freelance investigativejournalist working for the newspaper Novaya Gazeta.1847. Mr Stanislav Markelov was the subject of an urgent appeal sent by the SpecialRapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, Special Rapporteur on the promotionand protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, Special Rapporteur on tortureand other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment and the then SpecialRepresentative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 4 May2004. No response has been received to that communication to date.1848. According to the information recently received, on 19 January 2009, Mr StanislawMarkelov was shot <strong>de</strong>ad by a masked gunman near the building where he had previously held apress conference. He was shot in the back of the head at close range. Ms Anastasia Baburova, ajournalist who also participated in the press conference and who tried to intervene when MrMarkelov was attacked, was also shot. She was taken to hospital in a critical condition where shedied later of her injuries.1849. The press conference held by Mr Markelov was entitled “Unlawful release of Budanov:neglect by the court and direct advantage for militants: who is next?” Mr. Budanov, who hadbeen sentenced to 10 years in prison for the abduction and mur<strong>de</strong>r of Ms. Elsa Kungaeva,


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 299including time served, in 2003, had been granted an early release on 15 January 2009. Mr.Markelov stated at the press conference his intention to appeal the <strong>de</strong>cision of the court ofDimitrovgrad to reject his appeal concerning Mr. Yuri Budanov’s early release from custody.1850. Concern was expressed that the killing of Mr. Stanislav Markelov and Ms. AnastasiaBaburova may be directly related to Mr. Markelov’s work to <strong>de</strong>fend victims of human rightsviolations.Response from the Government1851. In a letter dated 14 April 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on22 January 2009 as follows.1852. On 19 January 2009, the investigation <strong>de</strong>partment of the Moscow central internal affairsinvestigative committee un<strong>de</strong>r the Office of the Procurator of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration institutedcriminal proceedings in connection with the mur<strong>de</strong>rs of Mr. S.Y. Markelov, lawyer and Presi<strong>de</strong>ntof the Rule of Law Institute, and Ms. A.E. Baburova, freelance journalist for Novaya Gazeta.The investigators are working on a number of theories on the crime, some related to Mr.Markelov’s professional activities; according to preliminary findings, there appears to be no linkbetween the mur<strong>de</strong>r of Ms. Baburova and her professional activities.1853. In view of the complexity of the investigation and the need for extensive <strong>de</strong>tective work,and also taking into account the high profile of this criminal case, on 21 January 2009 it wastransferred for further case work to the central investigation <strong>de</strong>partment of the investigativecommittee un<strong>de</strong>r the Office of the Procurator of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration. The Procurator-<strong>General</strong>of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration, Mr. Y.Y. Chaika, is personally monitoring the conduct of theinvestigation.Urgent appeal1854. On 6 April 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal concerning Mr Lev Ponomarev, a prominent human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r and director of ‘ZaPrava Cheloveka’ (For Human Rights), an all-Russia public movement covering a wi<strong>de</strong> range ofhuman rights violations, including abuses in the prison system, pensioners’ and children’s rightsand human rights violations in the North Caucasus. Mr Ponomarev was the subject of anallegation letter sent by the then Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situationof human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and the then Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection ofthe right to freedom of opinion and expression on 6 October 2006, and of a joint urgent appealsent by the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the thenSpecial Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion an<strong>de</strong>xpression and the then Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation ofhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 24 February 2004.1855. According to the information received, at approximately 11 pm on 31 March 2009, MrPonomarev was attacked and seriously injured by three unknown assailants near the entrance ofhis apartment building in Moscow. The attack came as Mr Ponomarev returned home from ameeting with a member of the Parliamentary <strong>Assembly</strong> of the Council of Europe. The unknown


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 300assailants have reportedly been waiting for him nearby, and kicked him and beat him with batons.After the concierge of the apartment building appeared, the attackers fled the scene. MrPonomarev was taken to hospital No 36 where he received emergency treatment. Although hehas since been released from hospital, he remains un<strong>de</strong>r medical observation.1856. Mr Ponomarev has received several threats even before the 31 March assault. The tires ofhis car had been slashed twice in the weeks before the attack, and the Wikipedia entry about himhad been modified by unknown authors predicting that he would die from an attack.1857. Concern was expressed that the assault against Mr Lev Ponomarev is directly related tohis work in the <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights. Further concern was expressed that according to theinformation received, no investigation has been launched into the attack against Mr Ponomarev.Response from the Government1858. In a letter dated 12 May 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on6 April 2009 as follows.1859. In the course of investigations into the attack on L.A. Ponomarev, the director of the nongovernmental organization “For human rights”, it was established that at 22.30 on 31 March2009 uni<strong>de</strong>ntified persons attacked L.A. Ponomarev near the entrance to block 4, SvobodnyProspekt in Moscow, causing multiple injuries and abrasions to his head and ribcage, and thenfled the scene.1860. A criminal prosecution, No. 76640, has been instituted by the principal investigation unitat the main <strong>de</strong>partment of internal affairs for Moscow, for an offence un<strong>de</strong>r article 116, section 2(a) of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong> of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration (assault).1861. A number of explanations for this inci<strong>de</strong>nt have been suggested relating to the victimhimself and the circumstances of the crime, including the human rights work of L.A. Ponomarev.1862. At the present time the investigation is continuing and the operational investigativemeasures being <strong>de</strong>ployed are inten<strong>de</strong>d to establish the i<strong>de</strong>ntity of the persons guilty of the assault.The progress of the investigation is being followed up by the Criminal Investigation Departmentof the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs.Letter of allegations1863. On 25 June 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onextrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce ofjudges and lawyers, sent a letter of allegations concerning Ms. Aza Gazgireyeva, late <strong>de</strong>putyhead of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Ingushetia.1864. On 10 June 2009, Ms. Aza Gazgireyeva was shot <strong>de</strong>ad in the town of Nazran whiletaking her children to school.1865. It is reported that the killing of Ms. Gazgireyeva may be linked to her peaceful activitiesin <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, i.e. her professional activities as a judge. Ms. Gazgireyeva, who hasworked for 25 years as a judge, was member of a panel examining civil and criminal cases at the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 301Supreme Court. While she did not handle criminal cases involving illegal armed forces herself,she examined related appeals and ma<strong>de</strong> some procedural <strong>de</strong>cisions in that regard. She was alsoinvolved in cases related to corruption. Reports indicate that Ms. Gazgireyeva’s had receivedthreats before.1866. In April 2008, Ms. Gazgireyeva’s pre<strong>de</strong>cessor, Khasan Yandiyev, who handled cases oflarge-scale corruption, was shot and killed.1867. Information received indicates that an investigation has been commenced by theInvestigative Committee of the Prosecutor’s Office.1868. Concern was expressed that the killing of Ms. Gazgireyeva may be linked to herprofessional activities as a judge and points to insufficient guarantees and preventive measures toensure the security of judges in the Republic of Ingushetia.Response from the Government1869. In a letter dated 27 August 2009 the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication senton 25 June 2009. At the time this report was finalized, a translation of the response was not yetavailable.Urgent appeal1870. On 20 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onextrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, the Special Rapporteur on violence againstwomen, its causes and consequences, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges andlawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom ofopinion and expression, and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or<strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal to the Government concerning thekilling of Ms Natalia Estemirova. Ms Estemirova was a prominent human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r andresearcher working with the Russian NGO Memorial. Ms Natalia Estemirova received severalprizes for her outstanding work, including the “Right to Life” award from the SwedishParliament; the Robert Schuman Medal of the European Parliament and the Anna Politkovskayaprize.1871. According to the information received, on the morning of 15 July 2009, Ms NataliaEstemirova was kidnapped in front of her house in Grozny. According to eyewitness reports, MsEstemirova was dragged into a white vehicle and driven away by unknown individuals.1872. Her body was later found in the woods near the city of Nazran, in Ingushetia. She hadsustained two gunshots to her head and chest.1873. The mandate hol<strong>de</strong>rs expressed their concern that the kidnapping and subsequent mur<strong>de</strong>rof Ms Natalia Estemirova might be directly related to her activities in the <strong>de</strong>fense of humanrights, in particular her fact-finding carried out into human rights abuses, such as summaryexecutions, enforced disappearances and torture committed in the Chechen Republic. Theyacknowledged the expressions of outrage and assurances by the Government that all necessarysteps will be taken to apprehend and punish Mrs. Estemirova’s killers. However, they remainedconcerned that the killing of Ms Natalia Estemirova formed part of a pattern of similar cases,


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 302including the mur<strong>de</strong>r of Ms Anna Politkovskaya, Mr Stanislav Markelov and Ms AnastasiaBaburova, which, coupled with the prevailing impunity, had the potential of gravely stiflingin<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt human rights work and freedom of expression in the country.Response from the Government1874. In a letter dated 27 August 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication senton 20 July 2009 as follows. Further to your request for <strong>de</strong>tails and on the status and progress ofthe investigation into the mur<strong>de</strong>r of N.K. Estemirova, a member of the Memorial human rightscentre, we wish to transmit the following information.1875. The preliminary investigation established that on 15 July 2009, Ms. Estemirova, amember of the Memorial human rights centre, Grozny branch, left her apartment at about 7.35a.m. and was making her way to public transport to go to work at the Memorial office, located at84 Mayakovsky Street in Grozny. At Building No. 10, 133 Khmelnitsky Street, uni<strong>de</strong>ntifiedpersons dragged her into a white VAZ 2107 vehicle and drove away to an unknown <strong>de</strong>stination.1876. The Leninsky inter-district investigative team for Grozny, a unit of the investigative<strong>de</strong>partment for the Chechen Republic working un<strong>de</strong>r the Investigative Committee attached to theProcurator’s Office of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration, instituted criminal proceedings un<strong>de</strong>r article 126,paragraph 2 (a) and (c), of the Russian Criminal Co<strong>de</strong> on 15 July 2009.1877. It was on that day that, at 4.30 p.m., Ms. Estemirova’s body was found with two gunshotwounds to her head and two to the torso in a woo<strong>de</strong>d area some 200 metres from the Kavkazfe<strong>de</strong>ral highway near the village of Gazi-Yurt in the Nazran district, Republic of Ingushetia. Herpassport and her purse containing personal items, including two switched-off mobile phones,were found lying besi<strong>de</strong> her.1878. On the same day, 15 July 2009, the Nazranovsky inter-district investigative team forNazran, a unit of the investigative <strong>de</strong>partment for the Republic of Ingushetia working un<strong>de</strong>r theInvestigation Committee of the Procurator’s Office of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration, opened a criminalcase un<strong>de</strong>r article 105, paragraph 1, and article 222, paragraph 1, of the Russian Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>.1879. On 16 July 2009, the criminal cases were transferred to the Central InvestigativeDepartment for the Southern Fe<strong>de</strong>ral District un<strong>de</strong>r the Investigative Committee attached to theProcurator’s Office of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration and combined into one case.1880. Searches were carried out on the grounds of Building No. 10, 133 Khmelnitsky Street,Grozny; at the site where the body was discovered; in the office of the Grozny branch ofMemorial; and at Ms. Estemirova’s place of resi<strong>de</strong>nce, where material evi<strong>de</strong>nce that is nowun<strong>de</strong>rgoing the necessary forensic analysis was gathered.1881. The investigation has involved:• Carrying out three re-enactments of the crime to establish how long it might take alight vehicle to go from the spot where Ms. Estemirova was abducted to the site where herbody was found


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 303• Obtaining and analysing vi<strong>de</strong>o surveillance footage to find the white VAZ 2107 and agreen VAZ 2112 resembling the one that accompanied the vehicle used in the crimeagainst Ms. Estemirova• I<strong>de</strong>ntifying vehicles that may be relevant to the investigation and authorizing bodiesof the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs to trace their owners and check for involvementin the crime• Showing witnesses photographs of makes of the vehicles that drove away from thespot where Ms. Estemirova was abducted on the morning of 15 July 2009• Re-enacting what might have been seen from the apartment from which a person hadwitnessed vehicles coning and going• Obtaining vehicle registration records• Confiscating and incorporating in the case materials DVDs of vi<strong>de</strong>o surveillancefootage from several checkpoints; the information on the DVDs is currently beingreviewed and analysed• Arranging for 16 different forensic analyses, the initial results of which are beingreviewed and compared with other evi<strong>de</strong>nce obtained in the case• Gathering and analysing information on Ms. Estemirova’s mobile phone contacts.1882. Moreover, 263 witnesses have been questioned. A range of investigative and operationalactivities to i<strong>de</strong>ntify the perpetrators of the crime is currently un<strong>de</strong>r way. The InvestigativeCommittee of the Procurator’s Office of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration is overseeing the progress andoutcome of the investigation.Letter of allegations1883. On 14 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur sent a letter of allegations to the Governmentconcerning the burning down of the office of Mothers of Dagestan for Human Rights(MDHR), a non-governmental organization which works on cases of enforced disappearances inthe Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration.1884. According to information received, on 19 August 2009, the office of the human rightsorganization, Mothers of Dagestan for Human Rights (MDHR) was burned down. Everything inthe office was reportedly <strong>de</strong>stroyed. Two days earlier, on 17 August 2009, members of MDHRhad filed a complaint with the Public Prosecutor in relation to an arson attack on a Muslim shopin Makhachkala.1885. The authorities in Dagestan have reportedly stated that the fire at the MDHR office wascaused by an electrical fault. However, members of MDHR believe that a short circuit could nothave been the cause of the fire since the office was closed for two weeks prior to the inci<strong>de</strong>nt andall electrical equipment had been turned off. On 20 August 2009, the Sovetsky districtDepartment of Internal Affairs refused to accept a complaint from members of MDHRconcerning the investigation into the inci<strong>de</strong>nt.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3041886. Concern was expressed that the burning down of the office of Mothers of Dagestan forHuman Rights may be connected to the work the organization carries out in <strong>de</strong>fense of humanrights.Urgent appeal1887. On 24 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression send an urgentappeal to the Government regarding the situation of Mr. Akhmed Gisayev, employee ofMemorial, and more generally of other staff members of Memorial, a non-governmentalorganization which monitors the situation of human rights in post-Soviet States.1888. According to information received, in the evening of 13 August 2009, Mr. Gisayev andhis wife were reportedly stopped near their flat in Grozny by a group of three to four armed men.They pointed their guns at Mr. Gisayev and asked for his documents. They refused to i<strong>de</strong>ntifythemselves or justify the search. Mr. Gisayev showed his Memorial ID card and explained thathe worked there. One of the armed men then said: "And it's your colleagues who are gettingkilled? And do you know why they're getting killed"? They then returned his passport and left.1889. The following day, in the morning of 14 August, a passport check-and-search operationwas reportedly conducted on Mr. Gisayev’s street by Russian military and local securitypersonnel. On this occasion, his apartment was allegedly searched by men amongst whom weresome who had threatened him the previous day.1890. Prior to these events, Mr. Gisayev had noticed a car parked next to his apartment onseveral occasions. The car had dark windows and a number-plate not used for civilian vehicles,which led him to believe that it could belong to the security services. Mr. Gisayev startednoticing suspicious vehicles outsi<strong>de</strong> his apartment a few days after the first week of July whenMemorial appealed to the local Prosecutor's office on a sensitive human rights case of allegedabduction and torture he was investigating with his former colleague since <strong>de</strong>ceased, Ms. NataliaEstemirova.1891. Mr. Gisayev reported these inci<strong>de</strong>nts to the Prosecutor’s office in Chechnya, but nomeasures have apparently been taken to investigate the situation or to protect Mr. Gisayev.1892. Furthermore, since mid-July, Memorial’s Grozny Office has allegedly been monitored bylocal security services. At least three Memorial staff members have claimed to have beenfollowed by people in suspicious cars. Russian military officials in Grozny have allegedlythreatened Memorial staff to watch out for danger.1893. Concern was expressed that the aforementioned threats and inci<strong>de</strong>nts might be directlyrelated to the work of Mr. Gisayev and Memorial in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights. In view of the factthat these inci<strong>de</strong>nts come after the mur<strong>de</strong>rs of three human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in Chechnyaincluding Ms. Natalia Estemirova, Memorial Grozny's leading researcher, who was the subject ofan urgent appeal sent on 20 July 2009 by six thematic special procedures, further concern isexpressed for the physical and psychological integrity of Mr. Gisayev and other staff members ofMemorial.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 305Response from the Government1894. In a letter dated 19 November 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 24 August 2009. At the time this report was finalized, a translation of the response wasnot available.Urgent appeal1895. On 25 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Vice-ChairpersonRapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the SpecialRapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent anurgent appeal to the Government regarding the situation of Mr. Aleksei Sokolov. Mr Sokolov isthe Head of “Pravovaya Osnova” (Legal Basis), an organization which campaigns against tortureand other ill-treatment of people held in the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration’s places of <strong>de</strong>tention, and amember of the civic supervisory committee on places of <strong>de</strong>tention appointed by the RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration Parliament.1896. According to the information received, on 31 July 2009, Mr. Sokolov was dischargedfrom pre-trial <strong>de</strong>tention by the Sverdlovsk Regional Court in the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration in relationto an investigation for his alleged participation in a robbery in 2004. He was immediately rearrestedon suspicion of theft in another case allegedly committed in 2004. He is now accused ofhaving stolen two million rubles from the office of a company in Yekaterinburg, as part of anorganized group that was allegedly led by his brother, Mr. Aleksan<strong>de</strong>r Sokolov. The latter wassentenced in 2008 to ten years and a half in prison for a series of burglaries.1897. On 4 August 2009, the Yekaterinburg District Court or<strong>de</strong>red that Mr. Sokolov should bereman<strong>de</strong>d in custody for two months to await trial. The hearing was held in closed session.1898. During the hearing, the judge agreed with the prosecutor that Mr. Sokolov, as a memberof the civic supervisory committee on places of <strong>de</strong>tention, could have met and influenced themen convicted of theft in 2004. The prosecution had obtained witness statements incriminatingMr. Sokolov. However, the <strong>de</strong>tention records did not specify who those witnesses were. Thejudge <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d to remand Mr. Sokolov in custody although his membership in the supervisorycommittee had been suspen<strong>de</strong>d in May 2009.1899. When Mr. Sokolov had first been arrested on suspicion of robbery, police had allegedlypressured prisoners into making incriminating statements against him. Furthermore, Mr. Sokolovreported to his lawyer that he was subjected to threats of torture during his first pre-trial<strong>de</strong>tention to punish him for carrying out human rights activities.1900. Concern was expressed that the new charges brought against Mr. Sokolov and his<strong>de</strong>tention might be directly related to his work in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights. Given the allegedthreats of torture against Mr. Sokolov during his previous pre-trial <strong>de</strong>tention, further concern wasexpressed for his physical and psychological integrity.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 306Response from the Government1901. In a letter dated 19 November 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 25 August 2009. At the time of finalizing the present report, a translation of the responsewas not yet available.Urgent appeal1902. On 26 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression sent an urgent appealto the Government regarding Mr. Mikhail Afanasyev editor-in-chief of online magazine NovyFokus.1903. Mr Afanaysev was the subject of an allegation letter sent to the Government on 14August 2007. A response was received from the Government on 18 October 2007.1904. According to new information received, on 19 August 2009, Mr Alfanasyev was chargedwith <strong>de</strong>famation by the office of the Prosecutor <strong>General</strong> in Abkhan, the capital of the Republic ofKhakassia in southern Siberia. The charges are reportedly linked to a blog entry published byMr Alfanasyev, along with his colleagues Mr Eric Chernyshov and Mr Grigory Nazarenko,about an explosion at Sayano-Shushenskaya power plant in Khakassia on 17 August. The articlepublished by Mr Alfanasyev challenged the response by the Russian Government to the tragedyin which dozens of workers at the plant were reportedly killed. Following the publication of thereport the journalists' computers, cellular phones, and Mr Afanasyev's apartment keys wereconfiscated by the authorities.1905. Initial reports from state-controlled media and Government officials claimed that up to 15workers had died as a result of the explosion. The report produced by Mr Afanasyev and hiscolleagues stated that as many as 100 may have died in the acci<strong>de</strong>nt and offered advice as to howrescue plans could have been implemented to save lives. Mr Afanasyev and his two colleaguesreportedly interviewed families and colleagues of the power plant workers to <strong>de</strong>termine the <strong>de</strong>athtoll. The journalists then called on Russian bloggers and the press to distribute their report.1906. Regional prosecutors stated in an official press release that Mr Afanasyev is to becharged with slan<strong>de</strong>r for having "knowingly distributed false information that <strong>de</strong>fames the honor,dignity, and business reputation of the regional authorities and plant management." The chargeswere issued following an interview published in state owned Rossiyskaya Gazeta in whichEmergency Situations Minister, Mr. Sergey Shoigu reportedly said that those "who spread panicin the region" should be severely punished. If convicted, Mr Afanasyev faces up to three yearsin prison.1907. Mr. Afanasyev has apparently faced a number of previous criminal libel charges in thepast. On 17 June 2007 Mr Afanasyev was attacked by two men who i<strong>de</strong>ntified themselves aspolice officers. The assailants stole his i<strong>de</strong>ntitification documents, two cellular phones and hisjacket, but did not touch any other valuables at the time. An investigation was launched into theattack in 2008.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3071908. Concern was expressed that the aforementioned events may represent an attempt toprevent in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt reporting in Russia, thus stifling freedom of expression in the country.Response from the Government1909. In a letter dated 19 November 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 26 August 2009. At the time of finalizing the present report, a translation of the responsewas not yet available.Letter of allegations1910. On 28 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur sent a letter of allegations to the Governmentconcerning the Kazan-based human rights organization Agora and Kazan Human RightsCentre.1911. According to information received, on 5 August 2009, at approximately 6pm, officialsfrom the Interregional Inspection of the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Tax Service of the Republic of Tatarstan arrivedat the offices of Agora in Kazan. The officials informed members of Agora that the organizationwas to be subjected to a 16-step tax inspection and requested that they produce 21 specificdocument types for this inspection. This was the seventh time that Agora was inspected in recentmonths although no irregularities have been found in the course of these inspections.1912. On 20 July 2009, at approximately 2:30pm, officials from the Ministry of InternalAffair’s Investigation and Intervention Unit on Fiscal Offence began a search of Agora’s officeswhich reportedly lasted for approximately 12 hours. During the search over 2000 active fileswere searched and the laptop belonging to the organization’s accountant was confiscated.1913. On the same day, a similar lengthy search was carried out in the offices of the KazanHuman Rights Centre. The files in the laptops of the head of the organization, Mr. IgorCholokhov, and the organization’s accountant were searched and then both laptops wereconfiscated.1914. Both searches were reportedly carried out un<strong>de</strong>r or<strong>de</strong>rs from the Deputy-Minister ofInternal Affairs. The Deputy-Minister previously publicly accused the two organizations ofhaving falsified their ledgers between 2006 and 2009.1915. Concern was expressed that the harassment of the human rights organizations Agora andKazan Human Rights Centre might be related to the activities they carry out in <strong>de</strong>fense of humanrights.Response from the Government1916. In a letter dated 17 November 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 28 August 2009. At the time of finalizing the present report, a translation of the responsewas not yet available.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 308Letter of allegations1917. On 14 September 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the SpecialRapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment and theSpecial Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions sent a letter of allegationsto the Government concerning the assassination of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r, Ms. ZaremaSadulayeva and her husband Mr. Alik (Umar) Lechayevich Dzhabrailov. Ms. Sadulayeva wasthe director of the non-governmental organization Save the Generation, an organization whichworks to provi<strong>de</strong> physical and psychological support for vulnerable children in Chechnya. Theorganization also works closely with UNICEF, promoting and protecting the rights of disabledpeople and providing education and training in relation to landmines.1918. According to information received, on 10 August 2009, at approximately 2:00 p.m.,uni<strong>de</strong>ntified armed men, who claimed to be members of the security services entered the officesof Save the Generation, and or<strong>de</strong>red Ms. Sadulayeva and Mr. Dzhabrailov to accompany them.Shortly afterwards, the men returned to the offices and took Mr. Dzhabrailov´s mobile phone andhis car.1919. On 11 August 2009, at approximately 4 a.m., the bodies of Ms. Sadulayeva and herhusband, Mr. Dzhabrailov, were discovered in the boot of a car on Mansurov Street, near Grozny.They had sustained gunshot wounds to the head and chest. An investigation into the mur<strong>de</strong>r hasreportedly been opened.1920. Grave concern was expressed that the assassination of Ms. Sadulayeva and her husbandMr. Dzhabrailov are directly related to the work Ms. Sadulayeva carried out in <strong>de</strong>fense of humanrights. Further concern was reiterated that these mur<strong>de</strong>rs are part of an ongoing pattern of attacksand intimidation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in the country. These mur<strong>de</strong>rs are the latest in aseries of attacks on human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, journalists and lawyers in Chechnya which have aseriously intimidating and <strong>de</strong>trimental effect on the work of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in thecountry. Just over a month ago, Ms. Natalia Estemirova, a member of the non-governmentalorganization Memorial was abducted and mur<strong>de</strong>red. Over the last twelve months, human rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs Ms. Anna Politkovskaya, Mr. Stanislav Markelov and Ms. Anastasia Baburova werealso assassinated.Response from the Government1921. In a letter dated 17 November 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 14 September 2009. At the time the present report was finalized, a translation of theresponse was not available.Urgent appeal1922. On 22 October 2009, the Special Rapporteur regarding the harassment of Ms. AnastasiaDenisova and members of the Youth Group for Tolerance “YGT” ETHnICS. Ms. Denisovais the presi<strong>de</strong>nt of ETHnICS, an employee of the Human Rights Centre Memorial, and a memberof the Coordinating Council of Inter<strong>national</strong> Youth Human Rights Movement in Krasnodar.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3091923. According to information received, on 12 October 2009, at approximately 4:30 p.m.,officials from the Krasnodar Economic Crime Department and the commercial firm “SPECTR”conducted a raid on Ms. Denisova’s office, allegedly acting on reports that counterfeit softwarewas being used there. However, the address on the search warrant presented by the officials wasreportedly not the address of Ms. Denisova’s office. Three central system units were confiscatedin the raid and Ms. Denisova was requested to report to the police station for questioning. Whenshe refused, claiming that the reasons for such a request had not been clearly stated, the officialsallegedly attempted to take her away by force, in a gray unmarked vehicle. Ms. Denisovaresisted and the officials finally left.1924. On 4 October 2009, Ms. Denisova was prevented from traveling to Warsaw where shewas supposed to attend the Human Dimension Implementation Meeting hosted by the Office forDemocratic Institutions and Human Rights. She was reportedly stopped and searched at customsin Krasnodar Inter<strong>national</strong> Airport and informed by an Airport Security Service official that shehad to check in her hand luggage, including her laptop. Despite protests by an Austrian Airlinesrepresentative and a passport control official that this was not a standard request and that thelaptop could be damaged in the baggage hold, the security official insisted, claiming that he wasfollowing or<strong>de</strong>rs. Since Austrian Airlines do not provi<strong>de</strong> a cargo service for fragile objects andthe security official would not let her board the plane with her laptop, Ms. Denisova was unableto travel.1925. In August 2009, Ms. Denisova and her colleague, Mr. Yuriy Ivaschenko, were returningfrom a trip to Georgia when they were stopped by customs officers and held for seven hours. Ms.Denisova was questioned extensively about her human rights activities and both their luggagewas searched. Approximately 20GB of information was reportedly copied from Mr.Ivaschenko’s laptop.1926. In 2007, YGT ETHnICS was the subject of a joint investigation by the Fe<strong>de</strong>ralRegistration Service, the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Tax Service and the bank. Since then, the youth group hasfaced restrictions on its human rights activities, including a freeze on its bank account.1927. Concern was expressed that the ongoing harassment of Ms. Denisova and members of theYouth Group for Tolerance ETHnICS is directly related to the human rights activities carried outby the group and is inten<strong>de</strong>d to restrict these activities.Response from the Government1928. In a letter dated 14 December 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 22 October 2009. At the time the present report was finalized, a translation of theresponse was not available.Responses received to communications sent earlier1929. By a letter dated 18 July 2008, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on27 May 2008, concerning the prosecution of Mr. Yuri Samodurov, director of the AndreiSakharov Museum and Human Rights Center. A translation of the response was not available atthe time the previous communications report had been submitted. According to the informationreceived, on 23 May 2007, the Tagansky Interdistrict Procurator’s Office in Moscow initiated


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 310criminal case No. 402588 on the grounds that the crime established by article 282 (1) of theCriminal Co<strong>de</strong> of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration had been committed through the holding of theexhibition “Forbid<strong>de</strong>n Art 2006” on the premises of the A. Sakharov Museum and Civic Centre,Building 6, Zemlyanoy Val 57, Moscow.1930. The preliminary investigation established that during the organization and holding of theabove-mentioned exhibition from 7 March to 31 March 2007 acts were committed in public suchas to incite hatred and enmity and to humiliate citizens on account of their attitu<strong>de</strong> to religion.Y.V. Samodurov, the Executive Director of the inter<strong>national</strong> public organization, the AndreiSakharov Fund - Public Commission to Preserve the Legacy of Aca<strong>de</strong>mician Sakharov, andDirector of the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt non-profit-making cultural organization the Andrei SakharovMuseum and Civic Centre for Peace, Progress and Human Rights (hereinafter referred to as “theMuseum”) and A.V. Erofeev, Head of the Latest Trends Department of the State TretyakovGallery, were accused of committing the crime established by article 282 (2) (b) of the RussianCriminal Co<strong>de</strong> (commission of acts <strong>de</strong>signed to incite hatred and enmity and humiliate a groupof persons on account of their attitu<strong>de</strong> to religion, perpetrated publicly and by prior agreement bya group of persons with the use of their official position).1931. The inquiry into this crime by the investigative unit for the Tagansky district of theinvestigative office of the investigative committee at the Procurator’s Office of the RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration in Moscow established that Y.V Samodurov and A.V. Erofeev selected for thepublicly accessible exhibition “Forbid<strong>de</strong>n art 2006” exhibits which visibly, <strong>de</strong>monstratively andpublicly expressed a humiliating and insulting attitu<strong>de</strong> to the Christian religion as a whole and toOrthodox Christianity in particular, as well as to religious symbols revered by believers andwhich aroused hatred and enmity. After this, Y.V. Samodurov gave permission to present theexhibition on the premises.1932. The inquiry found that A.V. Erofeev and Y.V. Samodurov chose the collection ofexhibits making up the exhibition not on the basis of their artistic value, but exclusively with aview to using them to convey more powerfully an unfavourable, emotional assessment andintolerance of citizens professing the Orthodox faith, and to offer a targeted, conscious andintentional presentation of blasphemous works. This fact is borne out by Y.V. Samodurov’sattempt in his public statements to un<strong>de</strong>rpin his action with i<strong>de</strong>ological and legal arguments thatperverted the content of Russian legislation.1933. A study conducted by a fine art expert in the course of the inquiry came to the conclusionthat the exhibits presented in the exhibition contained aberrant language and that the positioningof elements of the exhibition near to religious symbols offen<strong>de</strong>d religious feelings andhumiliated Orthodox believers. A psychologist’s expert report conclu<strong>de</strong>d that the exhibitsconstituted an extremely cynical, sardonic insult to and a caricature of the religious convictionsand feelings of Orthodox believers and that the exhibits un<strong>de</strong>rmined their human dignity onaccount of their attitu<strong>de</strong> to religion. Hence the principles of the constitutional or<strong>de</strong>r of theRussian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration, as established in articles 13 (5), 14 and 28 of the Constitution of the RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration, which safeguard the principles of religious tolerance as the guarantee of civil peaceand <strong>de</strong>mocratic society, were cru<strong>de</strong>ly breached.1934. The investigation has now been completed and the accused are acquainting themselveswith the case file. No complaint has been received from the accused or from any other


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 311participants in the criminal proceedings. In accordance with article 49 (1) of the Constitution ofthe Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration everyone accused of committing a crime is consi<strong>de</strong>red innocent until hisguilt is proved according to the rules established by fe<strong>de</strong>ral law and confirmed by a courtsentence which has come into legal force.1935. By a letter dated 4 September 2008, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 2 July 2008, concerning Mr Anton Pavlovich Turin. A translation of the response wasnot available at the time the previous communications report had been submitted. According tothe information received with regard to the alleged <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. A.P. Tyurin, a correspon<strong>de</strong>ntof the non-governmental organization Samara Human Rights Information Agency “Svoboda”1936. In accordance with article 5 of the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Act No. 114-FZ of 25 July 2002 on measuresto counter extremist activities, in February 2008 preventive measures were carried out in Samarawith a view to i<strong>de</strong>ntifying members of informal youth associations with extremist ten<strong>de</strong>ncies. Inthe course of the aforementioned measures it was established that Anton Pavlovich Tyurin, acorrespon<strong>de</strong>nt for the non-governmental organization Samara Human Rights InformationAgency “Svoboda”, took an active part in unauthorized actions of the National Bolshevik Party,the activities of which have been prohibited in the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration; the party itself has been<strong>de</strong>clared extremist.1937. On 14 February 2008, officers of the Department for Combating Organized Crimeattached to the Central Internal Affairs Administration for Samara province came to Mr. Tyurin’sapartment in or<strong>de</strong>r to hold a preventive talk with him. They showed Mr. Tyurin their servicei<strong>de</strong>ntification cards and suggested that he go with them to the Department for CombatingOrganized Crime attached to the Central Internal Affairs Administration for Samara province.1938. Mr. Tyurin voluntarily went to the Department for Combating Organized Crime attachedto the Central Internal Affairs Administration for Samara province, where a preventive talk washeld with him. Mr. Tyurin was warned that, if he took part in unlawful actions, rallies,<strong>de</strong>monstrations or picketing, he might be arrested for an administrative offence. Mr. Tyurin’spersonal affairs were not examined and were not confiscated. The members of the Departmentfor Combating Organized Crime did not exert any psychological or physical pressure on him.After the talk, Mr. Tyurin left the building of the Department for Combating Organized Crime. Itsubsequently became known that provocative information concerning officers of the Departmentfor Combating Organized Crime had been placed on the information resourcewww.svobodanews.ru. On 17 April 2008, the Sovetsky interdistrict investigative <strong>de</strong>partment ofthe investigative administration of the investigative committee attached to the office of theProcurator-<strong>General</strong> for Samara province received a communication from Mr. A.V. Loshmankin,the foun<strong>de</strong>r of the non governmental organization Samara Human Rights Information Agency“Svoboda”, concerning the unlawful actions of officers of the Department for CombatingOrganized Crime attached to the Central Internal Affairs Administration of the Ministry ofInternal Affairs of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration for Samara province, who had arrested Mr. Tyurin an<strong>de</strong>xerted physical and psychological pressure on him.1939. In the course of the investigation conducted pursuant to article 144 (Procedure forinvestigating reports of offences) and article 145 (Decisions to be taken on the basis of theinvestigation of the report of an offence) of the Co<strong>de</strong> of Criminal Procedure of the RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration, the information concerning the unlawful <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Tyurin and the use of force


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 312against him by officers of the Department for Combating Organized Crime attached to theCentral Internal Affairs Administration of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration for Samara province was not confirmed.1940. A critical attitu<strong>de</strong> must be taken to Mr. Tyurin’s claim that he suffered physical injury as aresult of the use of force against him by officers of the Department for Combating OrganizedCrime, since Mr. Tyurin’s allegations were not confirmed during the investigation that wasconducted. In the light of the aforementioned circumstances, the fact that Mr. Tyurin was broughtto the Department for Combating Organized Crime attached to the Central Internal AffairsAdministration for Samara province and that a talk was held with him cannot be linked with hishuman rights activities. On 30 July 2008, on the basis of the results of the investigation by theSovetsky interdistrict investigative <strong>de</strong>partment of the investigative administration of theinvestigative committee attached to the Office of the Procurator-<strong>General</strong> for Samara province,the <strong>de</strong>cision was taken not to institute criminal proceedings against the officers of theDepartment for Combating Organized Crime attached to the Central Internal AffairsAdministration for Samara province in accordance with article 24, paragraph 1 (2), of theCriminal Co<strong>de</strong> of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration, since their actions did not reveal any evi<strong>de</strong>nce of anoffence contrary to article 286 (Exceeding of official authority), paragraph 3 (a), or to article 127(Unlawful <strong>de</strong>privation of liberty), paragraph 1, of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong> of the RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration.The Samara province procurator’s office reviewed the legality of the aforementionedprocedural <strong>de</strong>cision on several occasions. The Office of the Procurator-<strong>General</strong> of the RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration is currently verifying the legality and justification of the <strong>de</strong>cision.1941. By a letter dated 21 October 2008, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to a communication senton 28 July 2008, concerning Mr Zurab Tsetchoev, member of the “Mashr” human rights group.A translation of this response was not yet available at the time the previous communicationsreport had been submitted. The Government reported that on 25 July 2008, uni<strong>de</strong>ntifiedindividuals in three white “Gazelle” vehicles without number plates and three armouredpersonnel carriers without i<strong>de</strong>ntification marks pulled up at No. 10 A Kurortnaya St., Troitskavillage, Sunzha district, Republic of Ingushetia. The house was searched without a warrant and acomputer and two mobile phones were seized. Mr. Zurab Savarbekovich Tsechoev (born 1963),resi<strong>de</strong>nt at this address, was arrested and driven away to an unknown <strong>de</strong>stination.1942. That same day, Mr. Tsechoev was found with bodily injuries on the road linking the townof Magas with the village of Ekazhevo in Nazranov district. On 29 July 2008, case No.08600087 was opened by the Sunzha district investigative <strong>de</strong>partment of the Sunzhainvestigative committee un<strong>de</strong>r the Office of the Procurator of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration for theRepublic of Ingushetia in connection with the illegal arrest of Mr. Tsechoev, on the basis ofevi<strong>de</strong>nce of an offence contrary to article 286, paragraph 3 (a), of the Russian Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>(exceeding official authority with the use of force or threat thereof). Upon being examinedas a victim in the context of the case, Mr. Tsechoev said that he worked as an editor for thehuman rights organization “Mashar” and that his duties inclu<strong>de</strong>d managing a website. Mr.Tsechoev is currently un<strong>de</strong>rgoing inpatient treatment in a Ministry of Health clinical hospital inIngushetia.1943. On 30 July 2008, Mr. Tsechoev un<strong>de</strong>rwent a medical examination to <strong>de</strong>termine theseriousness and origin of the bodily injuries he sustained. The examination revealed that hisbodily injuries consisted of numerous bruises to the soft tissue of the upper and lower extremities


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 313of his torso, as well as concussion, resulting in mo<strong>de</strong>rate harm to health. With a view to trackingdown the perpetrators of the crime, instructions were sent to the chiefs of all police and securityforces in Ingushetia, and enquiries were transmitted to all law enforcement agencies in therepublic. A search is currently un<strong>de</strong>r way to track down the perpetrators of the crime. Preliminaryinvestigations into the case are being monitored by senior officials within the investigative<strong>de</strong>partment of the investigative committee un<strong>de</strong>r the Office of the Procurator of the RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration for the Republic of Ingushetia.1944. By a letter dated 7 December 2008, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to a communication senton 13 August 2008, concerning Mr Ilyas Timishev, a human rights lawyer currently working to<strong>de</strong>fend the rights of Chechen police officers who have not been paid. A translation of theresponse was not yet available at the time the previous communications report was submitted.The Government informed that the Office of the Prosecutor-<strong>General</strong> of Chechnya has examinedthe application submitted by the Representative of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration at the European Courtof Human Rights in connection with the consi<strong>de</strong>ration of 48 complaints against the RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration, including claims filed by A. S. Magomadov, S. S. Magomadov, Y. D. Magomadova,T. R. Khamidov and A. A. Volchok concerning the failure of the Ministry of the Interior forChechnya and the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Treasury’s Department for Chechnya to enforce court<strong>de</strong>cisions concerning recovery of remuneration for <strong>de</strong> facto participation in the conduct ofcounter-terrorist operations in the northern Caucasus region.1945. On 18 June 2008, A. S. Magomadov and S. S. Magomadov were summoned to presentthe case to the Office of the Prosecutor-<strong>General</strong> of Chechnya. They arrived together with theirrepresentative at the European Court of Human Rights, Ilias Yakubovich Timishev. Mr.Timishev, at the request of his clients, provi<strong>de</strong>d the required factual clarifications regarding thematters of substance raised and reached an agreement of the lawsuit with the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration,since funds had already been transferred to the respective current accounts of A. S. Magomadov,S. S. Magomadov and Y. D. Magomadova in accordance with the account <strong>de</strong>tails provi<strong>de</strong>d intheir respective statements. The <strong>de</strong>cisions of the court had thus been enforced.1946. After 18 June 2008, the lawyer I. Y. Timishev was not summoned to the Office of theProsecutor-<strong>General</strong> of Chechnya again on any matter. According to information provi<strong>de</strong>d by theMinistry of the Interior for Chechnya, on 16 July 2008 the Chechnya Investigations Departmentof the Investigative Committee un<strong>de</strong>r the Prosecution Service of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration initiatedcriminal case No. 54013 concerning the arson of the home of a staff member of the InternalAffairs Department for the Shatoy District, V. Elmurzaeva, and clashes between members of anillegal armed group and the investigations and operations team that had gone to the scene of theinci<strong>de</strong>nt. In the exchange of fire, the <strong>de</strong>puty comman<strong>de</strong>r of a troop unit belonging to the PatrolGuard Service of the Internal Affairs Department for the Shatoy District, Z. A. Khunarikov, wasshot <strong>de</strong>ad and three police officers woun<strong>de</strong>d.1947. On the same day, the Grozny Inter-District Investigations Unit of the ChechnyaInvestigations Department (of the Investigative Committee un<strong>de</strong>r the Prosecution Service of theRussian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration), in conformity with the requirements stipulated in article 165 (“Judicialprocedure for obtaining authorization to conduct an investigative activity”), paragraph 5, of theCo<strong>de</strong> of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration and in connection with criminal case No.54013, searched the home of the Timishev family in the village of A. Sheripova, Shatoy district.During the search, a Makarov pistol No. 04 M 2121 was found and confiscated, but none of the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 314Timishev family were arrested. On 17 July 2008, a judge of the Shatoy district court ruled thatthe search was legal.1948. According to the operations report of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Chechnya, on 16July 2008, Arbi Makhmudovich Timishev,* born in 1988, confessed during a police interviewthat from April to July 2008, he had assisted members of an illegal armed group un<strong>de</strong>r thelea<strong>de</strong>rship of S. Abdulkhanov (who is wanted by the police) by obtaining food and clothing forthem. It was S. Abdulkhanov who had given A. M. Timishev the pistol that was seized duringthe search.1949. On 17 July 2008, in accordance with the requirements stipulated in article 155(“Separation of materials relating to a criminal case for consi<strong>de</strong>ration in separate proceedings”)of the Co<strong>de</strong> of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration, materials relating to the discoveryof a firearm un<strong>de</strong>r criminal case No. 54013 were placed in a separate case-file which was sent tothe Internal Affairs Department for the Shatoy District, where on 2 August 2008 theInvestigations Unit instituted criminal case No. 54517 un<strong>de</strong>r article 222 (“Illegal acquisition,transfer, sale, storage, transportation or carrying of a firearm”), paragraph 1, of the CriminalCo<strong>de</strong> of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration.1950. On 21 August 2008, case No. 54517 was referred to the Inquiry Unit of the InternalAffairs Department for the Shatoy District for further investigation. In accordance with article 91(“Grounds for arrest of a suspect”) of the Co<strong>de</strong> of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration,no one was arrested. According to the case-file, on 16 July 2008, Aslambek KhizirovichTimishev was interviewed as a witness at the Shatoy Inter-District Prosecutor’s Office. On 2August 2008, A. K. Timishev was interviewed as a witness for the second time (from 2.20 p.m.to 3 p.m.) in the presence of the lawyer D. I. Ibragimova. At that time, no statements orcomplaints against the conduct of police officers were ma<strong>de</strong>. On 6 August 2008, A. M. Timishevwas again interviewed from 2 p.m. to 2.40 p.m., as a witness, in the presence of the lawyer I. Y.Timishev.1951. In accordance with article 24, paragraph 1 (2) of the Co<strong>de</strong> of Criminal Procedure of theRussian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration (“Grounds for a <strong>de</strong>cision not to prosecute or for dismissal of a criminalcase”), it was <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d not to prosecute A. M. Timishev un<strong>de</strong>r article 33, paragraph 5 (“Types ofaccomplice”) or article 208, paragraph 2 (“Organization of an illegal armed group orparticipation in such a group”) of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong> of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration.The investigationof criminal case No. 54517, initiated on the basis of the discovery of a pistol, is still in progress.Detention as a preventive measure was not imposed on the Timishevs.1952. According to information provi<strong>de</strong>d by the Shatoy district prosecutor to the Office of theProsecutor-<strong>General</strong> of Chechnya, no complaint of unlawful <strong>de</strong>tention or use of unlawfulinterrogation methods by police officers was ma<strong>de</strong> with respect to Y. Y. Timishev,** A. K.Timishev or A. K. Timishev. The Investigations Unit of the Chechnya Investigations Departmentof the Investigative Committee un<strong>de</strong>r the Prosecution Service of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration neitherreceived nor registered any report of the <strong>de</strong>tention of or use of violence against Y. Y. Timishev,A. K. Timishev or A. K. Timishev.1953. By a letter dated 31 December 2008, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 15 August 2008, concerning Ms Gulnara Rustamova, the representative of Mothers of


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 315Dagestan for Human Rights, an NGO based in Makhachkali, Republic of Dagestan, RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration. A translation of the response was not yet available at the time the previouscommunications report had been submitted. The Government informed that the Office of theProcurator of the Republic of Dagestan has checked on the allegations that slan<strong>de</strong>rousinformation about Ms. G.L. Rustamova has been published in the Dagestan media in connectionwith her human rights activities.1954. Ms. Rustamova is one of the lea<strong>de</strong>rs of Mothers of Dagestan for Human Rights, anorganization whose main activity is assisting people in <strong>de</strong>termining the whereabouts ofdisappeared and abducted relatives. The law enforcement agencies of the Republic of Dagestando nothing to hin<strong>de</strong>r this organization in its work. All queries about abductions and otherquestions raised by Ms. Rustamova are consi<strong>de</strong>red in accordance with the established procedure.Where there are grounds for doing so, any necessary checks are carried out and appropriateaction is taken in response.1955. The fe<strong>de</strong>ral watchdog body for communications and the media in the Republic ofDagestan has investigated the material published on 23 May and 4 July 2008 in Novoe Delo andon 6 July 2008 in Chernovik, with assistance from the management board of the ArgumentLinguistic Experts’ Association, based in the Republic of Adygeya. An analysis of the materialpublished in these newspapers has found no assertions that Ms. Rustamova and other staff ofMothers of Dagestan for Human Rights have ai<strong>de</strong>d or abetted military groups or been in contactwith an insurgent, nor any insults or threats. The editorial boards of Novoe Delo and Chernovikhave not been shown to have violated article 4 of the Mass Media Act.1956. According to information from the Office of the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt and the Government of theRepublic of Dagestan, the dig at Ms. Rustamova reported in the Chernovik article “The MassMedia, Gimry and Balakhani ...”, published on 6 July 2008, was not ma<strong>de</strong> by anyone attendingthe meeting between the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Dagestan and the heads of the Republic’s ministries and<strong>de</strong>partments on 2 June 2008. It has also been established that staff at the main investigation<strong>de</strong>partment of the investigation committee in the Office of the Procurator of the RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration for the Southern Fe<strong>de</strong>ral District have never been interviewed by the media about Ms.Rustamova’s activities.1957. By a letter dated 21 October 2008, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to a communication senton 15 August 2008, concerning concerning Mr Stanislav Dmitrievsky, a consultant with theNizhny Novgorod Foundation to Support Tolerance, and former chairperson of the Russian-Chechen Friendship Society. A translation of the response was not yet available at the time theprevious communications report had been submitted. The Government noted that the RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration always cooperates fruitfully and frankly with the special procedures of the UnitedNations Human Rights Council and answers all enquiries from it. In this connection, theassertion of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs that she did notreceive any response to her enquiries of 19 September and 24 October 2007 and of 31 March and28 April 2008 regarding the case of S.M. Dmitrievsky and the Foundation to Support Toleranceis perplexing. The relevant information was sent in a timely manner to the Office of the UnitedNations High Commissioner for Human Rights.1958. As it happens, the Special Rapporteur is not justified in practice to <strong>de</strong>scribe her enquiriesas an urgent appeal. This notion calls for an urgent reaction from the State and, as a rule, is


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 316linked to an emergency. In such circumstances, the State immediately activates all internalenquiry mechanisms thereby placing an extra bur<strong>de</strong>n on <strong>de</strong>partments. In this case it isinappropriate to speak of an emergency. According to the information supplied by the CentralInternal Affairs Department of the Nizhny Novgorod oblast, S.M. Dmitrievsky, resi<strong>de</strong>nt ofNizhny Novgorod from 13 to 15 August 2008, did not report any inci<strong>de</strong>nts to the internal affairsorgans.1959. We also consi<strong>de</strong>r that the Special Rapporteur should be more responsible in her approachto selecting information about alleged offences and should use only certified data from reliablesources, in accordance with article 6 (a) of the Co<strong>de</strong> of Conduct for Special Procedures Mandatehol<strong>de</strong>rs of the Human Rights Council.1960. By a letter dated 10 February 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to a communication senton 21 November 2008, concerning Ms Carine Clément, Mr Mikhail Beketov and Mr SergeiFedotov. The Government reported that on 14 November 2008, the investigative authority of theInternal Affairs Department of the Khimki district in Moscow Province instituted criminalproceedings on the basis of evi<strong>de</strong>nce of an offence contrary to article 111, paragraph 1(intentional causing of serious harm to health, endangering a person’s life), of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration in connection with the bodily harm inflicted on Mr. Beketov, theeditor-in-chief of the Khimkinskaia Pravda newspaper.1961. Mr. Beketov was found unconscious with multiple injuries on the premises of hisdomicile at 28, Gorky Street, Starbeevo housing block, Khimki, Moscow Province, at 7.50 a.m.on 13 November 2008. As the actions of the assailant are regar<strong>de</strong>d as constituent elements of anoffence contrary to article 30, paragraph 3, and article 105, paragraph 1, of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>(attempted homici<strong>de</strong>), the criminal case was referred for further examination to the investigation<strong>de</strong>partment of the investigative committee un<strong>de</strong>r the Office of the Procurator of the RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration for Moscow Province.1962. Subsequently, several theories concerning the commission of the crime were put forwardand are being checked, including in connection with Mr. Beketov’s professional activities,critical publications in the newspaper and hostile personal relations. An investigation is currentlybeing conducted and a task force is working on the case. Given the serious nature of the crime,the case is being monitored by the head of the Criminal Investigation Department of the RussianMinistry of Internal Affairs.1963. On 13 November 2008, the Lotoshinsk municipal district Department of Internal Affairsin Moscow Province received a communication from Ms. Fedotov concerning an assault on herhusband, Mr. Fedotov. On the same day, Mr. Fedotov also contacted the Department of InternalAffairs to report the assault. Following verification by the investigation office of the Lotoshinskmunicipal district Department of Internal Affairs, on 19 November 2008 criminal proceedingswere instituted on the basis of evi<strong>de</strong>nce of an offence contrary to article 116, paragraph 2 (a), ofthe Criminal Co<strong>de</strong> (battery with criminal intent) in connection with the bodily harm inflicted onMr. Fedotov by unknown individuals.1964. According to the forensic expertise, a hematoma was found on Mr. Fedotov’s left footthat did not constitute a risk to his health. The investigative authorities are checking severaltheories, including in connection with the public activities of the victim as head of the council of


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 317a pressure group of <strong>de</strong>frau<strong>de</strong>d landowners in Moscow Province and the possibility of an assaulthaving been committed with criminal intent. The investigation is continuing. Following Ms.Clément’s statement that she had been assaulted on 13 November 2008 and that she had beenstabbed in the thigh with a syringe on 10 December 2008, the investigation office in theDepartment of Internal Affairs of the Basmanny municipal district in Moscow instituted criminalproceedings on the basis of evi<strong>de</strong>nce of an offence contrary to article 213, paragraph 1 (a), of theCriminal Co<strong>de</strong> (criminal mischief with objects employed as weapons). The investigation has notbeen conclu<strong>de</strong>d and is continuing. Moscow’s Basmanny interregional procurator’s office hasor<strong>de</strong>red an investigation of the case.1965. By a letter dated 21 January 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to a communication senton 9 December 2008, concerning the offices of the Memorial Research Centre, a NonGovernmental Organization working on alleged disappearances in Saint Petersburg. Atranslation of the response was not yet available at the time the previous communications reporthad been submitted. The Government reported that on 9 September 2008, the investigativebranch of the central district investigative arm of the investigations committee attached to theRussian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration procuracy in Saint Petersburg instituted criminal proceedings against Mr.A.V. Andreev, editor-in-chief of the newspaper Novy Petersburg, un<strong>de</strong>r article 282, paragraph 1,of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong> of the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration (Incitement to hatred or enmity and violation ofhuman dignity).1966. It had been established that on 21 June 2007 an article by Mr. K. Chernyaev entitled“Here is a real candidate” was published in the Novy Petersburg No. 27 (841). According to thefindings of a psycholinguistic expert report, the text of the article contained statements thatviolated the dignity of individuals or groups on the basis of <strong>national</strong>ity or origin and excited<strong>national</strong> hatred or enmity.1967. In the course of the investigation, information was received connecting Mr. Andreev withthe activities of the Memorial Research Centre. Pursuant to a <strong>de</strong>cision of 3 December 2008,between 12.21 p.m. and 5.20 p.m. on 4 December 2008 the investigator Mr. M.G. Kalganov,with the assistance of officers from the principal division of the Russian Ministry of InternalAffairs for the north-western fe<strong>de</strong>ral area, conducted a search of the premises of the organizationin question and confiscated computer hard disks, diskettes, compact discs, photocopies ofparticular issues of the newspaper Novy Petersburg and other materials. In accordance with therequirements of the Russian Co<strong>de</strong> of Criminal Procedure, these items were bagged in thepresence of witnesses.1968. The question whether the confiscated documents are substantive evi<strong>de</strong>nce and whetherthey are to be returned will be <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d during the pretrial investigation. The staff members of theorganization who were present during the search tried to prevent the investigator and the policeofficers from carrying it out. Despite the investigating officer’s lawful <strong>de</strong>mand, in reading outarticle 182, paragraph 8, of the Co<strong>de</strong> of Criminal Procedure, that nobody should leave thepremises until the search was finished and that the persons present must not communicate withone another or with anyone else, they tried to let outsi<strong>de</strong>rs into the premises.1969. The Saint Petersburg law enforcement authorities have not received any complaints fromrepresentatives of the Memorial Research Centre that human rights violations were committedduring the search. A check by the Saint Petersburg procuracy did not i<strong>de</strong>ntify any breaches of the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 318Co<strong>de</strong> of Criminal Procedure in the course of the search. The organization’s lawyers have lodgeda complaint alleging that the actions of the investigator Mr. M.G. Kalganov were unlawful. Thiscomplaint is due to be consi<strong>de</strong>red by a judge of the Dzerzhinsky district court in Saint Petersburg.The court hearing is scheduled for 16 January 2009. The municipal courts have not <strong>de</strong>alt with thequestion whether the article “Here is a real candidate” constitutes extremist material. As mattersstand, there are no grounds for the procuracy to act. The criminal investigation is beingconducted un<strong>de</strong>r the supervision of the Office of the Procurator-<strong>General</strong> of the RussianFe<strong>de</strong>ration.Observations1970. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government for the <strong>de</strong>tailed and timelyresponses provi<strong>de</strong>d to her communications and wishes to espress her regrets that not alltranslations of those responses were available at the time the present report had been finalized.Urgent appealSaudi Arabia1971. On 21 January 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteurof the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel,inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal to the Governmentregarding Mr. Khaled Suleyman Al Omeir, aged 39, resi<strong>de</strong>nt at Hai Badr in Riyad, and ahuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r. According to the allegations received:1972. Mr. Khaled Suleyman Al Omeir was arrested by the security service (Al Mabahit) inRiyad around noon on 1 January 2009, taken to Al Hayr prison, and has since then been <strong>de</strong>tainedincommunicado without any contact with the outsi<strong>de</strong> world. The arrest followed an attemptedpeaceful <strong>de</strong>monstration by a number of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 1 January 2009 to protestagainst the bombings of civilians in Gaza.1973. Mr. Al Omeir had been arrested previously, on 25 April 2005, following an interviewwith Al Jazeera television, during which he expressed his views about the political situation inthe region. At that time, he remained in <strong>de</strong>tention at Al Alicha prison for six months, duringwhich he was ill-treated. He was subsequently released without any legal proceedings havingtaken place.1974. With a view to the allegations that Mr Al Omeir is being held incommunicado, graveconcern is expressed for his physical and mental integrity.Response from the Government1975. On 8 September 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the urgent appeal. The Governmentindicated that Mr. Al Omeir was <strong>de</strong>tained on a security-related charge that necessitated hisremand in custody for questioning. He will be referred to the judiciary to <strong>de</strong>termine the legalmeasures to be taken against him. Throughout the period of his <strong>de</strong>tention he has been treated in


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 319accordance with the Kingdom’s judicial regulations, <strong>de</strong>rived from the Islamic Shari’a, un<strong>de</strong>rwhich human rights and inter<strong>national</strong> covenants and conventions in this regard are respected.Urgent appeal1976. On 15 June 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection ofthe right to freedom of opinion and expression and the Special Rapporteur on torture and othercruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal to the Governmentregarding Mr. Saud al-Hashimi, Mr. Al-Sharif Saif Al-Ghalib, Mr. Musa al-Qirni, Mr. Ab<strong>de</strong>lRahman al-Shumayri, Mr. Fahd al-Qirshi, Mr. Ab<strong>de</strong>l Rahman Khan and Mr. Ab<strong>de</strong>laziz al-Khariji. Some of the individuals mentioned were the subject of a communication sent by theChairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteuron Human Rights and counter terrorism, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judgesand lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the question of torture and the then SpecialRepresentative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 8February 2007. According to the information received:1977. Dr. Saud al-Hashimi has been on hunger strike since 1 June 2009, at Dhahban prison inwestern Saudi Arabia. On 5 and 6 June, he was stripped of clothes, save for his un<strong>de</strong>rwear,shackled, dragged from his cell and placed in a very cold cell for some five hours, as a result ofrefusing to consume food. He is reportedly in need of medical treatment.1978. Dr. Saud al-Hashimi, Mr. Al-Sharif Saif Al-Ghalib, Dr. Musa al-Qirni, Dr. Ab<strong>de</strong>lRahman al-Shumayri, Mr. Fahd al-Qirshi, Mr. Ab<strong>de</strong>l Rahman Khan and Mr. Ab<strong>de</strong>laziz al-Khariji remain in <strong>de</strong>tention without charges or a trial. They were arrested in February 2007 andhave since been held in solitary confinement at Dhahban prison. They were allegedly arrestedafter they circulated a petition calling for political reform and proposing the establishment of anin<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt human rights organization in Saudi Arabia.1979. Concern is expressed for the physical integrity of Dr. Saud al-Hashimi. Concern is alsoexpressed for the physical and psychological integrity of Mr. Al-Sharif Saif Al-Ghalib, Dr. Musaal-Qirni, Dr. Ab<strong>de</strong>l Rahman al-Shumayri, Mr. Fahd al-Qirshi, Mr. Ab<strong>de</strong>l Rahman Khan and Mr.Ab<strong>de</strong>laziz al-Khariji, due to their prolonged <strong>de</strong>tention in solitary confinement.Response from the Government1980. On 9 September 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the urgent appeal. The Governmentindicated that the above-mentioned persons were arrested and charged with engaging in activitiesinvolving the collection of donations in an illicit manner and the smuggling and transmission offunds to bodies suspected of using such funds to <strong>de</strong>ceitfully incite Saudi citizens into travellingto locations where disturbances are taking place. This was announced officially and the saidpersons are currently being treated in accordance with the Kingdom’s judicial standards, whichrespect human rights, prohibit injustice, comply with inter<strong>national</strong> rules and conventions, permitvisits by relatives, ensure that no physical or mental humiliation or harm is inflicted on theaccused and guarantee them a fair trial. Those against whom the charges are substantiated will bereferred to the Kingdom’s judicial authority, which is well known for its in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce and is theonly body competent to adjudicate in all crimes, <strong>de</strong>termines penalties after conviction and hand


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 320down a final judgment on the accused. It is noteworthy that the said persons, some of whom arebeing treated in hospital, are currently receiving full health care and their families are likewiseenjoying all aspects of care (health, social and financial).Observations1981. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government for its replies. The SpecialRapporteur is looking forward to receiving further updated information on these cases including<strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding prosecutions and judicial proceedings against the abovementionedpersons.1982. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of the finalization of the report, theGovernment had not transmitted replies to her communications of 27 May 2008 and 13 June2008. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications as an important part of the cooperation ofGovernments with her mandate, and urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised byher.Letter of allegationsSerbia1983. On 21 January 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression sent a letter ofallegations to the Government concerning members of the NGO Queeria, which advocates forthe human rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgen<strong>de</strong>r people in the Republic of Serbia.1984. According to the information received, on 17 December 2008, the organization Naši(Ours), allegedly put up posters in central Belgra<strong>de</strong>, containing messages against Queeria. Theposters showed a photograph of Queeria’s presi<strong>de</strong>nt, Mr. Boban Stojanovic, stating “WhileSerbs are being laid off, look who is being financed by Boris Tadic and the government of Serbia.The Serbian Ministry of Culture within a ten<strong>de</strong>r for projects in the field of public information hasrecently granted 256.000 dinars for the website Queeria centre which is promoting gay rights andslan<strong>de</strong>ring the Serbian Orthodox Church in the most <strong>de</strong>spicable way. Is this what the <strong>de</strong>mocratswere promising before the election?” The posters showed homoerotic images of the lea<strong>de</strong>rs ofQueeria.1985. Apart from the poster campaign, Queeria receives daily <strong>de</strong>ath threats and threats ofphysical violence on their website and official email address since it was granted financialsupport by the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Serbia. Activists of Queeria are alsofrequently targeted on the website ‘Stormfront’, and on the community website Facebook.1986. Concern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity of the members ofthe NGO Queeria. Further concern is expressed regarding the apparent lack of investigation andprosecution into the <strong>de</strong>ath threats and threats of physical violence against Queeria activists.Additional concern was also expressed regarding the use of a combination of personal images ofactivists, sexualized personal insults and inflammatory language on the posters in question.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 321Response from the Government1987. In a letter dated 29 April 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on21 January 2009 as follows.1988. According to information received from the Serbian Minisstry of the Interiour (MUP),Queeria’s presi<strong>de</strong>nt, Mr. Bojan Stojanovic, has not lodged a formal complaint to the policeregarding the alleged inci<strong>de</strong>nt, but has, instead, brought it to the attentionof non-governmentaland inter<strong>national</strong> organizations. However, Serbia’s Ministry for Human and Minority Rights hasbrought this case to the attention of the Republic’s Public Prosecutor. The allegation letter hasbeen referred to the Special Prosecutor in charge of cybercrime with the Distric PublicProsecutor’s Office in Belgra<strong>de</strong>, who is responsible for the prosecution of such cases in all theterritory of the Republic of Serbia. It was recommen<strong>de</strong>d that pre-trial proceedings be instituted inor<strong>de</strong>r for the police (MUP) to investigate a certain Mr. Ivan Ivanovic, presi<strong>de</strong>nt of theorganization Nasi (Ours), who allegedly <strong>de</strong>nied the allegations in a press interview.1989. Once having knowledge of the case, police officers, in cooperation with the caseProsecutor, began un<strong>de</strong>rtaking measures and actions provi<strong>de</strong>d for by the law to look into it.Furthermore, the Republic’s Prosecutor gathered evi<strong>de</strong>nce of the published newspaper articlesand on official websites of the organizations concerned.1990. At the same time, checks are currently un<strong>de</strong>rway to find out whether the allegations about<strong>de</strong>ath threats received, as contained in the Special Rapporteur’s letter, is true as well as whetherthe website page of the organization Nasi is posted by a local or foreign provi<strong>de</strong>r and whether itis possible to obtain from the server in question daily listings of accessing by users for thepurpose of i<strong>de</strong>ntifying a person/persons making <strong>de</strong>ath threats. The Republic’s Prosecutor isacting in this case un<strong>de</strong>r the authority to possibly substitute or <strong>de</strong>volve the lower-instanceprosecution office.Urgent appeal1991. On 6 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression sent an urgent appealto the Government regarding the threats against, and harassment of, Mr Marko Karadzic, StateSecretary of the Ministry for Human and Minority Rights of the Republic of Serbia.1992. According to the information received, on 3 April 2009, a community of about 47 Romafamilies living in informal homes in Yuri Gagarin Street, New Belgra<strong>de</strong> and i<strong>de</strong>ntified as “Romasettlement in block 67” were forcibly evicted, allegedly with the intention to transform the sitewhere they resi<strong>de</strong>d in view of the World University Games to take place in Belgra<strong>de</strong> in July2009. Mr Marko Karadzic tried to prevent the <strong>de</strong>molition and the eviction of Roma families.1993. Mr Karadzic was unable to stop the eviction and the affected families were sent by forceto an alternative settlement in Boljevac, a suburb of Belgra<strong>de</strong>. However, resi<strong>de</strong>nts of Boljevacprevented the evacuated Roma families from settling in their temporary shelters, and smashedand burned the containers allocated to them. On television, Mr Karadzic labelled this attack asbeing racist, and called for the protection of the evicted families.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3221994. In response to his stance and public statements regarding the eviction of the Romafamilies, Mr Karadzic was attacked in public media and several resi<strong>de</strong>nts of Boljevac announcedtheir intention to sue him for <strong>de</strong>famation.1995. Mr Marko Karadzic received additional threats in connection with his support for theadoption of the comprehensive Anti-discrimination Law, which the Parliament adopted afterseveral setbacks on 26 March 2009. The law contains sexual orientation as a ground for nondiscriminationin Article 21. On 4 April 2009, posters appeared on the streets of several citieswith photographs of explicit gay sexual acts and a photograph and quote from Mr MarkoKaradzic, implying that his advocacy for the Anti-discrimination Law will bring sexual orgies tothe streets of Serbia. The posters had been prepared by an extreme right-wing group called “Crnaruka” (Black Hand, named after a terrorist organization formed in the early 1900s).1996. On 14 April 2009, Mr Karadzic received an anonymous letter containing serious <strong>de</strong>aththreats and threats of beatings, and warnings that he should not to take part in the Belgra<strong>de</strong> gaypara<strong>de</strong>. Mr Karadzic also received further <strong>de</strong>ath threats through the social networking websiteFacebook, suggesting that “if the posters would not stop him, there is something that will”. MrMarko Karadzic informed the State Security Service of the threats he had received, butreportedly received no meaningful advice or protection, which increases the possibility of furtherthreats or attacks. He had further notified the Minister for Human and Minority Rights, MrSvetozar Ciplic about the threats.1997. Concern was expressed that the threats against, and harassment of, Mr Marko Karadzicmay be related to his peaceful activities <strong>de</strong>fending human rights, in particular his advocacy forthe adoption of the Anti-discrimination Law; his public stance against the eviction of Romafamilies; and his call on the Government to ban extremist right wing organizations advocatingviolence against the Roma or Lesbian, Gays, Bisexuals and Transgen<strong>de</strong>r people. Further concernwas expressed regarding the physical and psychological integrity of Mr Karadzic, and theapparent lack of a<strong>de</strong>quate response from the police and the State Security Service in respondingto these threats and the failure to launch investigations into them.Urgent appeal1998. On 7 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding recent <strong>de</strong>ath threats received by Mr. Milos Vasic, journalistof the Belgra<strong>de</strong> weekly Vreme, and Mr. Zarko Korac, presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the Social Democratic Union.1999. According to information received, on 28 July 2009, Mr. Vasic received a letter sent tothe daily Glas Srpske. The letter was written on the letterhead of the “Serbian ChetnikMovement of Republika Srpska” and signed by self-proclaimed Chetnik movement lea<strong>de</strong>r Mr.Sinisa Vucinic, in his capacity as a “Serbian Chetnik Vojvoda”, and by Mr. Radovan Vijacic,“technical secretary” of the organisation. In the letter, Mr. Vucinic wrote that he “will try with all(his) capacities” so that Mr. Vasic and Mr. Korac end the same way as Mr. Zoran Djindjic, theformer Serbian prime minister who was assassinated in Belgra<strong>de</strong> in 2003.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3232000. On the same day, Mr. Vucinic had also allegedly sent a telegram to Glas Srpske, in whichhe asked the paper to “accept his sincere condolences upon the <strong>de</strong>ath of Milos Vasic, journalistfor Vreme”.2001. Concern was expressed that Mr. Vasic and Mr. Korac may be targeted as a result ofexercising their right to freedom of opinion and expression and the associated right to freedom ofassociation. Further concern was expressed regarding their physical and psychological wellbeing.Observations2002. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government for the response transmitted toher communication of 21 June 2009, but regrets that at the time the present report was finalized,no response had been received to the communications sent on 6 May 2009 and 7 August 2009.The Special Rapporteur consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications as an important part of thecooperation of Governments with her mandate, and urges the Government to respond to theconcerns raised by her.2003. The Special Rapporteur wishes to remind the Government of the recommendationscontained in her report of the mission un<strong>de</strong>rtaken to Serbia in September 2007 (A/HRC/7/28Add. 3), especially those contained in paragraph 78 of the report, recommending theGovernment to “take forceful action on investigating, prosecuting and sentencing casesregarding violations against human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and provi<strong>de</strong> a<strong>de</strong>quate protection and redressto human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs affected by these violations”.Urgent appealSierra Leone2004. On 25 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal regarding the situation of Mr. Abass Kamara, human rights activist of the AmazonianInitiative Movement and Chair of the Bombali District Human Rights Committee, and thesituation of two human rights organisations, Timap for Justice and the Center for Democracyand Human Rights operating in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone.2005. According to the information received, on 23 June 2009, Mr. Abass Kamara wasreportedly harassed and intimidated by local authorities for reporting a human rights abusecommitted by a traditional lea<strong>de</strong>r in Foredugu, Buya Romen<strong>de</strong> chiefdom, Port Loko District.2006. On 15 August 2009, Timap for Justice and the Center for Democracy and Human Rightswere summoned by the Provincial Secretary for the Northern Province. They were asked toretract their story aired out on the radio exposing a chiefdom police officer who was allegedlyengaged in police brutality.2007. Concern was expressed that the harassment and intimidation of Mr. Abass Kamara andthe human rights groups Timap for Justice and the Center for Democracy and Human Rightsmight be directly related to their legitimate work in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 324Letter of allegations2008. On 14 October 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent a letter ofallegations regarding the situation of Mr Abass Kamara. Mr Kamara is the Chair of theBombali District Human Rights Committee, a coalition of civil society organizations in theDistrict.2009. According to the new information received, on 29 September 2009, Mr Kamara wasarrested at his house by policemen. They did not allow him to read his warrant of arrest, butinformed him that the warrant has been issued by Magistrate Emmanuella Harding for failure toproduce a suspect in court. He was reportedly <strong>de</strong>tained in the Makeni State Prison. Mr Kamaraconten<strong>de</strong>d that the suspect in question, a female stu<strong>de</strong>nt who was involved in a quarrel with herneighbour and for whom he has stood surety for, was not able to attend the last hearing since shehad travelled to Freetown to settle the case out of court. Magistrate Harding was reportedlyaware of this friendly settlement.2010. On 30 September, the female stu<strong>de</strong>nt appeared before the court. The Magistrate allegedlyrefused to sit court as the matter had already been <strong>de</strong>ferred to 5 October 2009. On 1 October, MrKamara was released.2011. It is alleged that Mr Kamara’s arrest was connected with the recent stance of the BombaliDistrict Human Rights Committee in relation to Magistrate Harding’s <strong>de</strong>cision to discharge asexual offence matter involving a journalist and a 12 year old girl from her court. The BombaliDistrict Human Rights Committee had issued a press statement, wrote letters of protest tovarious stakehol<strong>de</strong>rs and organized radio discussions about this case.2012. Concern was expressed that the arrest of Mr. Kamara might be directly related to hislegitimate work in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights, in particular through the exercise of his right tofreedom of opinion and expression.Observations2013. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of finalizing the present report, theGovernment had not transmitted a reply to her communications of 14 October 2009, 25 August2009 and 4 August 2005. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications an important part of thecooperation of Governments with her mandate. She urges the Government to respond to theconcerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken toprosecute the perpetrators as well as protective measures taken to ensure the physical and mentalintegrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and their families.Urgent appealSomalia2014. On 31 March 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the In<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ntExpert appointed by the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights in Somalia, sent anurgent appeal regarding the situation of Mr Mohamed Abdi Guled “Urad”, member of the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 325Somaliland Journalists Association (SOLJA), an organisation which advocates the rights ofjournalists in Somaliland. He is also the editor of the newspaper YOOL.2015. According to the information received, on 26 February 2009, Mr Mohamed Abdi Guled“Urad” was arrested by the police in Hargeisa, following the publication of an article on thealleged planned mur<strong>de</strong>r by some authorities of members of the Somaliland parliament andopposition lea<strong>de</strong>rs.2016. On 17 March 2009, Mr Mohamed Abdi Guled “Urad” was sentenced by the Hargeisaregional court to five months' imprisonment un<strong>de</strong>r allegations of “unlawfully printing anewspaper and spreading lies”.2017. Concern was expressed that the arrest, <strong>de</strong>tention and sentencing of Mr Mohamed AbdiGuled “Urad” might be linked to his non-violent activities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, inparticular his work on advocating good governance and <strong>de</strong>mocracy.Urgent appeal2018. On 16 June 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the In<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt Expertappointed by the Human Rights Council on the situation of human rights in Somalia, and theSpecial Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion an<strong>de</strong>xpression, sent an urgent appeal regarding the situation of Mr Said Tahlil Ahmed, Director ofHorn Afrik, a major in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt radio station, Mr Mukhtar Mohamed Hirabe, Director ofRadio Shabelle, another leading in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt radio station, and Mr Ahmed Omar Hashi ‘Tajir’,journalist at Radio Shabelle.2019. According to the information received, on 4 February 2009, Mr Said Tahlil Ahmed andMr Mukhtar Mohamed Hirabe were reportedly on their way to a press conference when theywere attacked by uni<strong>de</strong>ntified assailants in Bakara market in Mogadishu. Mr Said Tahlil Ahmedwas shot <strong>de</strong>ad, and Mr Mukhtar Mohamed Hirabe was injured.2020. On 7 June 2009, Mr Mukhtar Mohamed Hirabe was once again attacked in Bakaramarket by two uni<strong>de</strong>ntified armed men who fired at him. He died instantly. Mr Ahmed OmarHashi ‘Tajir’ was critically woun<strong>de</strong>d in the course of the attack, and is currently being treated inthe capital. He has since received phone calls threatening him that next time he will not survive.2021. Grave concern was expressed that the killings of Mr Said Tahlil Ahmed and Mr MukhtarMohamed Hirabe and the wounding of Mr Ahmed Omar Hashi ‘Tajir’ might be linked to theirpeaceful activities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, in the exercise of their right to freedom of opinionand expression. Further concern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity ofhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in Somalia, particularly journalists.Observations2022. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of finalizing the present report, theGovernment had not transmitted a reply to her communications of 16 June 2009, 31 March 2009and 5 September 2007. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications an important part of thecooperation of Governments with her mandate. She urges the Government to respond to theconcerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken to


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 326prosecute the perpetrators as well as protective measures taken to ensure the physical and mentalintegrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and their families.2023. The Special Rapporteur is <strong>de</strong>eply concerned about the security of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rsin Somalia who operate in an extremely volatile environment. She urges the Government to takeall necessary steps to ensure the protection by all relevant authorities of everyone, individuallyand in association with others, against any violence, threats, retaliation, <strong>de</strong> facto or <strong>de</strong> jureadverse discrimination, pressure or any other arbitrary action as a consequence of his or herlegitimate exercise of the rights referred to in the Declaration on Human Rights Defen<strong>de</strong>rs.Urgent appealSouth Africa2024. On 12 October 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur ona<strong>de</strong>quate housing as a component of the right to an a<strong>de</strong>quate standard of living, and on the rightto non-discrimination in this context, sent an urgent appeal regarding the attacks againstresi<strong>de</strong>nts and homes at the Kenney Road shack settlement in Durban.2025. According to the information received, on Saturday 26 September, a group of about 30 to40 heavily armed men reportedly attacked the inhabitants of the Kennedy Road informalsettlement and subjected them to the forced eviction and <strong>de</strong>molition of their homes. The attacksappeared to have been particularly targeted at members of the Kennedy Road DevelopmentCommittee (KRDC) and the Abahlali baseMjondolo Movement (AbM), two community-basedorganizations working for the realization of the right to housing.2026. As a consequence of the attacks, at least two people were reported <strong>de</strong>ad and many othersseriously injured. In addition, the houses of around 30 members of KRDC and AbM were burntand <strong>de</strong>stroyed, ren<strong>de</strong>ring them and their families homeless. Many other houses were reportedlylooted. Furthermore, it is estimated that around 1000 people had to leave their homes and flee thearea as a result of the intimidations and attacks. Displaced families are currently forced to takerefuge in surrounding un<strong>de</strong>rgrowth, bridges and neighbours’ homes.2027. According to allegations, members of the Sy<strong>de</strong>nham Police Station and public officialswere present at the scene but did not intervene to stop the assault. It is further reported that thepolice <strong>de</strong>tained a number of victims of the attacks but that none of the assailants have beenarrested to this date.2028. Information also indicates that the violence continued through Sunday and Monday withbands of men roaming the area bearing weapons and members of AbM and KRDC reportedlyreceiving <strong>de</strong>ath threats.Observations2029. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of finalizing the present report, theGovernment had not transmitted a reply to her communications of 12 October 2009 and 9October 2007. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications an important part of thecooperation of Governments with her mandate. She urges the Government to respond to theconcerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken to


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 327prosecute the perpetrators as well as protective measures taken to ensure the physical and mentalintegrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and their families.Llamamiento urgenteSpain2030. El día 3 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Grupo <strong>de</strong> Trabajo sobre la <strong>de</strong>tención arbitraria y el Relatorespecial sobre los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos <strong>de</strong> los migrantes, enviaron un llamamiento urgenteseñalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida en relación con la situaciónabajo.2031. Según las informaciones recibidas, la Sra. Laura Bugalho, pedagoga, <strong>de</strong>fensora <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos; activista por los <strong>de</strong>rechos <strong>de</strong> las personas migrantes y particularmente <strong>de</strong> lasinmigrantes trabajadoras sexuales y <strong>de</strong> los transexuales; dirigente <strong>de</strong>l Foro Gallego <strong>de</strong>Inmigración y fundadora <strong>de</strong> "Transgaliza" y <strong>de</strong> la revista "Andaina", fue <strong>de</strong>tenida el 26 <strong>de</strong> mayo<strong>de</strong> 2009 en Santiago <strong>de</strong> Compostella por agentes policiales. Luego <strong>de</strong> su <strong>de</strong>tención se realizó unregistro policial en su <strong>de</strong>spacho en la se<strong>de</strong> gallega <strong>de</strong>l sindicato CIG, don<strong>de</strong> trabaja. La Sra.Bugalho fue internada en los calabozos <strong>de</strong> la Comisaría Central <strong>de</strong> Santiago.2032. Según la fuente, la Sra. Bugalho es conocida por sus activida<strong>de</strong>s en pro <strong>de</strong> facilitar elempadronamiento y registro <strong>de</strong> inmigrantes en situación irregular. Su <strong>de</strong>tención habría sidoor<strong>de</strong>nada por la Sub<strong>de</strong>legación <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno en razón <strong>de</strong> acusaciones <strong>de</strong> que habría colaboradoen la comisión <strong>de</strong> supuestas irregularida<strong>de</strong>s administrativas en la tramitación <strong>de</strong> documentaciónpara la legalización <strong>de</strong> algunos inmigrantes en situación irregular. Según la fuente, dichos hechos,<strong>de</strong> ser confirmados, habrían sido cometidos con absoluto <strong>de</strong>sinterés y no serían, en todo caso,constitutivos <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>lito. La <strong>de</strong>tención <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Bugalho tendría por objeto, según la fuente,sancionar sus activida<strong>de</strong>s en favor <strong>de</strong> la legalización <strong>de</strong> las trabajadoras sexuales y <strong>de</strong> lostransexuales inmigrantes y amedrentar a quienes realizan en Galicia un trabajo similar. En vista<strong>de</strong> lo aquí resumido se expresó temor por la integridad física y psicológica <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Bugalho.Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno2033. En una carta fechada el 1 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009 el Gobierno respondió al llamamiento conrelación a la Sra. Bugallo, y afirmó la efectividad <strong>de</strong> su <strong>de</strong>ntención, como consecuencia <strong>de</strong> suparticipación en la tramitación <strong>de</strong> solicitu<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> autorización <strong>de</strong> resi<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> cinco ciudadanosextranjeros.2034. La carta mencionó la supuesta papelería falsa, compuesta por un billete <strong>de</strong> tren, utilizadoen su día por la Sra. Bugallo y luego alterando para introducir el nombre <strong>de</strong> uno <strong>de</strong> estos cincoextranjeros, un certificado bancario falso, dos certificados <strong>de</strong> empadronamiento falsos, uncertificado falso <strong>de</strong> la ONG Cáritas, un historial clínico con el nombre cambiado y una analíticahospitalaria falsificada.2035. Se comunicó que la Sra. Bugallo fue acusada por ser la autora <strong>de</strong> las supuestasfalsificaciones y por el supuesto frau<strong>de</strong>.2036. Se señaló que no se realizaron exámenes médicos puesto que no fueron necesarios.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3282037. El caso se sometió por el juzgado <strong>de</strong> Instrucción #2 <strong>de</strong> Santiago <strong>de</strong> Compostela(Diligencias Previas 2108/09) que acordó la libertad con cargos <strong>de</strong> la Sra. Bugallo,correspondiendo a la Autoridad Judicial la realización <strong>de</strong> las diligencias oportunas para<strong>de</strong>terminar la veracidad <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>litos <strong>de</strong> falsedad documental y favorecimiento <strong>de</strong> la inmigraciónilegal que se le imputaron.Observaciones2038. La Relatora Especial agra<strong>de</strong>ce al Gobierno <strong>de</strong> España su respuesta a su comunicación <strong>de</strong>l1 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2009.Letter of allegationsSri Lanka2039. On 9 January 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the the Special Rapporteur onextrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent a letter of allegations to theGovernment concerning concerning the killing of Mr Lasantha Wickrematunga, chief editor ofthe English language weekly newspaper the Sunday Lea<strong>de</strong>r, an investigative newspaper whichoften reports on cases of alleged corruption and abuse of authority in Sri Lanka, and an attack onthe premises of the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt television station, Sirasa TV (formerly know as PannipitiyaMTV/MBC) in Colombo.2040. According to information received, on 8 January 2009, Mr Wickrematunga was drivingto work in Colombo. Two uni<strong>de</strong>ntified gunmen, who were travelling by motorcycle, smashedthe window of Mr Wickrematunga’s car with a steel bar before shooting him at close range in thehead, chest and stomach. The attack occurred in rush-hour traffic about 100 metres from an airforce checkpoint. Mr Wickrematunga was rushed to Colombo National Hospital where he died afew hours later from his injuries. A police investigation has been opened into the case.2041. Prior to his <strong>de</strong>ath, Mr Wickrematunga had been the target of numerous intimidationattempts and libel suits for his outspoken criticism of your Excellency’s Government. The mostrecent libel case had been brought against him by the Defence Secretary, Mr. GotabayaRajapaksa, over stories published in the Sunday Lea<strong>de</strong>r alleging corruption in <strong>de</strong>fenceprocurement. Following the Court proceedings a ban was placed on the newspaper mentioningthe Defence Secretary for several weeks. Previously, in November 2007, the printing press ofthe Sunday Lea<strong>de</strong>r media group (Lea<strong>de</strong>r Publications), located in a high security area nearColombo, was <strong>de</strong>stroyed in an arson attack by a group of uni<strong>de</strong>ntified gunmen. No arrests werema<strong>de</strong> in relation to the attack and reports claim that a full investigation was not carried out. It isfurther reported that in October 2008 the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Sri Lanka referred to Mr Wickrematungaas a “terrorist journalist” during an interview with the non governmental organization ReportersWithout Bor<strong>de</strong>rs.2042. Furthermore, in the early hours of the morning of 6 January 2009, approximately 20uni<strong>de</strong>ntified individuals wielding assault rifles, pistols and armed bars rai<strong>de</strong>d the premises ofSirasa TV in Pannipitiya, Colombo. The assailants, who reportedly arrived at the premises in awhite unmarked van, overpowered security personnel at the entrance before entering the mainstudio complex where they procee<strong>de</strong>d to assault staff who were working at the time. A few staff


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 329members, who were held at gunpoint, were forced to gui<strong>de</strong> their attackers to the main controlroom. The assailants then <strong>de</strong>stroyed the room with explosives, causing consi<strong>de</strong>rable damage tobroadcasting equipment. An unexplo<strong>de</strong>d grena<strong>de</strong> was later recovered from the premises.Response from the Government2043. In letters dated 11 February 2009 and 9 July 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to thecommunication sent on 9 January 2009 as follows.2044. On 8 January 2009, at about 10:05 hrs, Mr. Wickramatunga left in his car to go to hisoffice in Attidiya in Templers Road, Mt. Lavinia. At 10:20 hrs. when he was passing Attidiya onhis way to Templers Road opposite Attidiya Girls School , four motorcyclists who came after thecar blocked the roand and Mr. Wickramatunga’s car came to a halt seeing the motorcyclists whowere blocking the road. The four motorcyclists had been wearing helmets covering their faces,black jackets and all of them came on black coloured motorcycles. The cyclists surroun<strong>de</strong>d thecar and left on their bike after a few minutes.2045. After the motocycles had left, the onlookers had approached the car and found Mr.Wickramatunga lying on the seat with bleeding injuries on his head and the windscreen damaged.Both si<strong>de</strong>-glasses of the car had also been damaged. One Dinesh Kumara, who was in theprinting press opposite the place of the inci<strong>de</strong>nt, rushed Mr. Wickramatunga to KalubowilaHospital in a passing vehicle. The onlookers also informed the Police regarding the inci<strong>de</strong>nt.2046. Upon receipt of this information, Officer-in-Charge/Crimes, Mt. Lavinia, Inspector ofPolice (IP) Sugathapala, along with a team of officers visited the scene and conducted inquiries.Thereafter, on the instructionsof the Inpector-<strong>General</strong> of the Police, Senior Superinten<strong>de</strong>nt ofPolice (SSP) for Mt. Lavinia directed inquiries along with the Assistant Superinten<strong>de</strong>nt of Police(ASP) for Mt. Lavinia, (I) Mr. C. Gunawar<strong>de</strong>na in this connection.2047. Mr. Wickramatunga succumbed to injuries in the hospital and a postmortem inquiry wasconducted. The Judicial Medical Officer carrying out the inquiry reported that the <strong>de</strong>ath was dueto shock and hemorrhage following gun shot injuries in the head.2048. Mr. Harsha Sethunga, Magistrate for Mt. Lavinia, who held the inquest in connectionwith the <strong>de</strong>ath, returned a verdict of mur<strong>de</strong>r.2049. The Government Analyst was summoned to examine the scene as well as the victim’s carand his report is being awaited. No empty cartridges or used slugs have been traced from thescene or the <strong>de</strong>ad body.2050. Statements have been recor<strong>de</strong>d from four eye-witnesses, but none of them are in aposition to i<strong>de</strong>ntify the suspects or to disclose the registration number of the motorcycles. One ofthem also had heard report of a gun from the scene of the inci<strong>de</strong>nt.2051. The <strong>de</strong>ceased had died of gun shot injuries on his head. The assailants had committed thismur<strong>de</strong>r at a lonely stretch of Attidya Road when the victim was on his way to office. Furtherinvestigations continue.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3302052. None of the four witnesses, who have come forward to make statements, have ma<strong>de</strong>references to any of the assailants wielding firearms. There is no specific mention of a steel bar.The witness speaks of Mr. Wickramatunga being attacked with an object covered with anewspaper which, in all probability, had been a hard object.2053. The attack had taken place sometime after 10 am in the morning at a time the earlymorning vehicular traffic had eased. It is incorrect to state that there had been a check pointmanned by the air force personnel a hundred meters away from the place where Mr.Wickramatunga was attacked. The nearest check point had been no less than half a kilometeraway. It must also be noted that the victim was rushed to the closest hospital that had all thefacilities to attend to a victim who had suffered serious injuries of this nature, that is, theColombo South Hospital. Every attempt had been ma<strong>de</strong> by a team of leading doctors thatinclu<strong>de</strong>d two neurosurgeons, to save Mr. Wickramatunga’s life.In the autopsy performedthereafter the Judicial Medical Officer had conclu<strong>de</strong>d that the cause of <strong>de</strong>ath was due to craniocerebral injury due to the discharge of a firearm. It is incorrect to state that in addition to the gunshot injury on the head, the victim had been shot in the chest and stomach as his cadaver bore nosuch injuries. This is confirmed by the autopsy report.2054. In addition, the assilants left neither the empty casing of the spent bullet nor the slugleaving very little evi<strong>de</strong>nce for the investigators to work with in relation to establishing thei<strong>de</strong>ntity of the weapon used. The doctors who operated on Mr. Wickramatunga had cleaned thearea and also removed certain parts of the skull bone around the entry wound. This hasnevertheless caused some difficulty to the investigators in ascertaining the distance from whichthe purported shot was fired. No witness had heard a gunshot or shots being fired during theattack. The investigators had been further handicapped by the fact that no witness at the scenenoted the registration plates of the motorcycles used by the assailants. The investigations arecontinuing with the singular aim of i<strong>de</strong>ntifying the perpetrators, arresting and bringing them tojustice without <strong>de</strong>lay. The facts have been reported to Court and further investigations are beingcarried out un<strong>de</strong>r judicial supervision.2055. Regarding the attack on the Sirasa TV station, the Government reported that the materialfacts contained in the communication were confirmed to a great extent by the policeinvestigations. However, according to eye-witness account there is no mention of the use ofpistols by the assailants. It is to be further noted that the number of assailants have beenapproximately 15 and not 20. Two of the employees who were working that night at the TVstation complain of being assaulted whereas the others do not allege any assault. It is correct tostate that an unexplo<strong>de</strong>d hand grena<strong>de</strong> was recovered from the premises.2056. The investigators further report that 8 spent casings were found at the scene of the crimand in addition, police have also obtained the fingerprint of the meployees of the TV station andare in the process of ascertaining the finger prints of the assailands, if any, by a process ofelimination. A blood stain found on a floor tile had been retrieved by the investigators and sentfor analysis with the aim of carrying out a DNA profiling in the course of further investigations.The other items so recovered too have been forwar<strong>de</strong>d to the Government Analyst Departjmentfor analysis.2057. Statements have been recor<strong>de</strong>d from all employees. Howver, none of the employees whowere present during the night of the attack are in a position to i<strong>de</strong>ntify or provi<strong>de</strong> any useful


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 331<strong>de</strong>scription that would enable the investigators to establish the i<strong>de</strong>ntity of the assailants. This isprimarily due to the fact that all intru<strong>de</strong>rs had their faces covered to avoid i<strong>de</strong>ntification andrecognition.2058. The police are also in the process of carrying out a mobile phone call analysis to ascertainwhether any of the assailants used mobile phones from the location at the material time, whichwas well past midnight. Police have thus sought the assistance of the relevant mobile phonecompanies to ascertain whether any phone calls were transmitted via any of the telephone towersin the vicinity,2059. The police had also in the course of their investigations followed a few leads provi<strong>de</strong>d byanonymous callers. These had not yiel<strong>de</strong>d any positive results. The police have reported thematter to the Magistrate Court. The investigations are continuing un<strong>de</strong>r judicial supervision withperiodic progress reports being file in Court.Urgent appeal2060. On 27 January 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, have sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding Mr Upali Tennakoon, chief editor of the Rivira weeklynewspaper, and the ongoing attacks on media professionals in Sri Lanka.2061. On 9 January 2008, the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitraryexecutions, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom ofopinion and expression and the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rsissued an urgent appeal letter in relation to the killing of Mr Lasantha Wickrematunga, chiefeditor of the English language weekly newspaper the Sunday Lea<strong>de</strong>r, and an attack on thepremises of the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt television station, Sirasa TV in Colombo. A reply was receivedfrom the Government on 12 January 2009.2062. According to information received, on 23 January 2009, Mr Upali Tennakoon wasdriving with his wife in Imbulgoda, on the outskirts of Colombo, when two uni<strong>de</strong>ntifiedindividuals on a motorbike intercepted his car and or<strong>de</strong>red him to get out of the vehicle. WhenMr Tennakoon failed to comply with their <strong>de</strong>mands the assailants then smashed the car windowand began to attack him and his wife with woo<strong>de</strong>n clubs and a knife. The attackers thenimmediately fled on their motorbikes and Mr Tennakoon and his wife were taken to hospital,where they are in a stable condition. An investigation has reportedly been opened into the case.2063. Concern was expressed that the aforementioned events may represent a direct attempt toprevent in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt reporting in Sri Lanka, thus stifling freedom of expression in the country.Further concern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity of Mr UpaliTennakoon and his family, as well as media professionals in general in Sri Lanka, particularly inlight of reports that following recent events, including the killing of Mr Wickrematunga and theattack on staff at Sirasa TV, at least five journalists have gone into hiding as they fear for theirsafety and the news website Lankadissent has reportedly ceased operations due to threats.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 332Response from the Government2064. In a letter dated 14 May 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on27 January 2009 as follows. A complaint has been ma<strong>de</strong> by Kudugala Thennakoon MudaligeUpali Thennakoon, editor of Rivira Newspaper, at the Police Station Wellweriya regarding theabove mentioned inci<strong>de</strong>nt.2065. On 23 Kanuary 2009 Upali Thennakoon and his wife left to go to the office and came toa narrow road and when entering into the main road an unknown four persons using clubs haltedthe vehicle and also Mr. Upali Tennakoon was assaulted. Vehicle had been damaged and Mr.Upali Tennakoon had suffered injuries. While trying to rescue Upali, his wife too has sufferedinjuries. Thereafter as the victims started to shout four unknown people had moved away in twomotorbikes. Injured persons were sent to the National Hospital Colombo with the Police Security.The OIC of the police station of Wellweriya has started investigations. However, none of thesuspects have been taken into custody up to date.2066. Statements have been recor<strong>de</strong>d after inquiring alleged victims and of another 50 peopleregarding the above inci<strong>de</strong>nt. Upali Thennakoon and his wife have been directed to JMO. Thecar which was damaged and a club two and a half ft. long had been produced to the GovernmentAnalyst who had examined them. The car had been han<strong>de</strong>d over to the owner by the or<strong>de</strong>r of theMagistrate. And finger marks had been taken at the place. Further investigation to the twomotorbikes are being carried out and cases have been filed at the Magistrate’s Court of Gampahabearing No. B 294/09. Security and service of the officers of State Intelligence Services havebeen provi<strong>de</strong>d to the resi<strong>de</strong>nce of Mr. Upali Thennakoon by the OIC of the Wllweriya PoliceStation. The OIC of the Kadavath Police Station has been directed to provi<strong>de</strong> for the security ofMr. Upali Thennakoon.Urgent appeal2067. On 11 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairman-Rapporteur of theWorking Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, sent an urgent appeal to theGovernment regarding Mr Sinnavan Stephen Sunthararaj. Mr Sunthararaj is a project managerfor the Centre for Human Rights and Development (CHRD) in Kollupitiya. He had formerlyworked as a coordinator for the Jaffna District Child Protection Committee and with the Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) World Vision.2068. According to the information received, on 7 May 2009, Mr Sinnavan Stephen Sunthararajwas reportedly abducted by men in uniform in Colombo, hours after he had been released fromthree months in police custody. The car carrying Mr Sunthararaj and his family from the CHRDoffice to the home of a colleague was stopped near the Turret road junction, close to theBuddhist Ladies College in Colombo, by two persons travelling on a motorbike and a white vanwith 4-5 persons in uniform. One man allegedly pointed a gun at the driver’s si<strong>de</strong>, while anotherman in uniform opened the door of the car, dragged Mr Sunthararaj out of the car and pushedhim into a white van waiting nearby. Several people witnessed the inci<strong>de</strong>nt, including familymembers of Mr Sunthararaj. All men involved in the abduction allegedly wore Army uniformsand were armed.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3332069. Mr Sinnavan Stephen Sunthararaj had been arrested on 12 February 2009, and <strong>de</strong>tained atKollupitiya police station for three months. He had been released on 7 May 2009, by a <strong>de</strong>cisionof the Magistrate Court and was accompanied by his lawyer to the CHRD office. While hislawyer went back to the Kollupitiya police station to collect Mr Sunthararaj’s ID card andpassport which had been withheld by the police, Mr Sunthararaj and his family were taken to acolleague’s house by car. They were on their way to the house when the inci<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong>scribedabove took place.2070. Concern was expressed that the abduction and enforced disappearance of Mr SinnavanStephen Sunthararaj may be connected to his legitimate activities in the <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights,especially his work on child abuse cases.Response from the Government2071. In a letter dated 6 October 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication senton 11 May 2009 as follows. Mr. Sinnavan Stephen Sunthararaj has been working as a projectmanager at the Human Development Centre in Colombo since 2007. On 11 February 2009 Mr.Sinnavan Stephen Sunthararaj was arrested by Kollupitiya Police and held in <strong>de</strong>tention on a<strong>de</strong>tention or<strong>de</strong>r obtained for investigation. Thereafter on 7 May 2009, he was produced beforethe Magistrate Court Fort, un<strong>de</strong>r Case No. B 330 and released. The wife of the victim has ma<strong>de</strong> acomplaint to the Cinnamon Grand Police Station on 7 May 2009 that her husband, whilstreturning from the Human Rights Development Centre, with her and an office mate namedMalani, in a double cab, was abducted by some uni<strong>de</strong>ntified persons at gunpoint near theBuddhist Ladies College at Dharmapala Mawatha. Police investigations by the CinnamonGar<strong>de</strong>n Police have been of no avail, so far, to locate the whereabouts of the victim, nor toi<strong>de</strong>ntify those responsible for the abduction. Facts have been reported to the Magistrate CourtColombo un<strong>de</strong>r Case No. B 5535/01. This case was called on 27 November 2009. Furtherinquiries are being continued by the Cinnamon Gar<strong>de</strong>ns Police un<strong>de</strong>r judicial review.Urgent appeal2072. On 26 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Chairman-Rapporteur of the Working Group onEnforced or Involuntary Disappearances, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judgesand lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom ofopinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of thehighest attainable standard of physical and mental health, and the Special Rapporteur on tortureand other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal to theGovernment regarding Dr. Thangamutha Sathiyamoorthy, the regional director of healthservices in Kilinochchi, Dr. Thurairaja Varatharajah, the regional director of health servicesin Mullaitivu, and Dr. V. Shanmugarajah, medical superinten<strong>de</strong>nt at Mullivaaykkaal fieldhospital.2073. According to the information received, Dr. Sathiyamoorthy, Dr. Varatharajah and Dr.Shanmugarajah are Government employed and had been treating the sick and woun<strong>de</strong>d in theconflict zone in North-eastern Sri Lanka until they left the “No Fire Zone” with approximately5,000 other civilians on 15 May 2009. The Sri Lankan Army (SLA) <strong>de</strong>tained the three doctors on16 May 2009, un<strong>de</strong>r the broad arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention powers of security forces pursuant to the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 334Prevention of Terrorism Act. The physicians were last seen on the morning of 15 May 2009 at aholding area at Omanthai check point. An official of the Ministry of Health stated on 18 MayGovernment forces han<strong>de</strong>d over the physicians to the police.2074. Dr. Shanmugarajah and Dr. Sathiyamoorthy are apparently currently held at a <strong>de</strong>tentioncentre of the Terrorist Investigation Division (T.I.D) in Colombo. However, their relatives arenot aware of their exact whereabouts and neither has had access to a lawyer. Dr. Varatharajahwas seriously injured and is reported to have been airlifted by the Sri Lankan Air Forces (SLAF)from the Omanthai check point to an unknown <strong>de</strong>stination.2075. While working in the conflict zone, the doctors provi<strong>de</strong>d <strong>de</strong>tailed eyewitness reports tothe media and the inter<strong>national</strong> community from hospitals and makeshift medical centres. Theirreports <strong>de</strong>tailed the suffering of ordinary civilians, many of whom died from war-related injuries.Their reports also highlighted continuous shelling of areas with large concentrations of noncombatants.2076. Concerns were expressed that the three doctors may be held in reprisal for providinginformation about the situation of civilians in the conflict zone. In view of their reportedincommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention at unknown places of <strong>de</strong>tention, which could put them at risk ofenforced disappearance, and in view of the reported serious injuries of Dr. Varatharajah, graveconcerns were expressed as regards their physical and mental integrity.Response from the Government2077. In letters dated 28 May 2009, 15 July 2009 and 3 August 2009, the Governmentrespon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on 26 May 2009, which are summarized as follows. Dr.Thangamuththu Sathiyamoorthy, Dr. Veerakethipillai Shanmugarajah and Dr. ThurairajahVaratharajah surren<strong>de</strong>red to the Army when they have arrived at Omanthai check point on 15May 2009. Dr. Thurairajah Varatharajah who was injured at the time of surren<strong>de</strong>r was admittedto the <strong>General</strong> Hospital Colombo on the same day. Later he was discharged (6 June 2009).2078. All the doctors were <strong>de</strong>tained un<strong>de</strong>r section 19 (1) of the Emeregncy Regulation oncharges of their alleged links with the proscribed LTTE organization, disseminating falseinformation to the inter<strong>national</strong> media and supplying medicine including medical equipment tothe LTTE from Government hospitals. All the doctors are presently in the protective custody ofthe Criminal Investigation Department (CID) headquarter Colombo, pending completion ofinvestigation.2079. Dr. Thurairajah Varatharajah had been visited by ICRC representatives on 28 May 2009and on 6 June 2009. The spouse and sister of Dr. Thurairajah Varatharajah visited him on 30May 2009, 13 June 2009, 20 June 2009, 27 June 2009 and 4 July 2009. Dr. ThurairajahVaratharajah was taken to ward No. 32 of the <strong>General</strong> Hospital Colombo on 24 June 2009 for amedical check-up and brought back to the CID on 26 June 2009.2080. Dr. Thangamuththu Sathiyamoorthy had been visited by ICRC representatives on 21 May2009 and on 6 June 2009. The father, mother and brother of Dr. Sathiyamoorthy visited him on23 May 2009, 30 May 2009, 6 June 2009, 30 June 2009 and 4 July 2009. His spose and childrenvisited him on 20 June 2009.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3352081. Dr. Veerakethipillai Shanmugarajah had been visited by ICRC representatives on 21 May2009 and 6 June 2009. Family members visited him on 4 July 2009 at the CID.2082. All three doctors were given healthcare facilities. At a media briefing held on 8 July 2009at the Media Center for National Security all three doctors have stated that they were forced bythe LTTEto speak to foreign media and provi<strong>de</strong>d exaggerated information on civilian casualties.They have also said that they were not un<strong>de</strong>r duress to attend the media briefing arranged by theMCNS.Urgent appeal2083. On 24 August 2009, the Special Rapproteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding Dr. Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu. Dr. Saravanamuttu is theExecutive Director of the Centre for Policy Alternatives (CPA) in Colombo.2084. According to the information received, on the morning of 20 August 2009, Dr.Saravanamuttu received an anonymous <strong>de</strong>ath threat letter posted to his private address. The letter,written in English and posted on CPA’s website, states that Dr. Saravanamuttu will be killed ifSri Lanka is <strong>de</strong>nied the European Union GSP Plus (<strong>General</strong>ised System of Preferences) inOctober 2009. The author of the letter alleges that Dr. Saravanamuttu had transmitted to Ms.Benita Ferrero-Waldner, the EU’s Commissioner for External Relations, information whichcould affect the renewal of GPS Plus to Sri Lanka.2085. The letter reads as follows: “this serves to warn you that come October and Sri Lanka is<strong>de</strong>nied GSP plus you WILL be killed, we swear on all that we hold sacred you WILL be killed,for we now know that you have been the principal person who has been feeding the Europeanwoman Ferraro with information to <strong>de</strong>ny this country of this and put us out of our livelihoods”.2086. Dr. Saravanamuttu and the CPA have reported they will be lodging complaints with therelevant authorities to investigate and take all necessary measures to remedy this matter.2087. Concern was expressed that the <strong>de</strong>ath threat against Dr. Saravanamuttu may be linked tohis legitimate work in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights. In view of the content of the letter, furtherconcern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity of Dr. Saravanamuttu andother members of CPA.Response from the Government2088. In a letter dated 25 August 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication senton 24 August 2009 as follows. The Secretary of the Ministry of Disaster Management andHuman Rights, Professor Rajiva Wijesinha, was personally informed of the <strong>de</strong>ath threats at areception by the victim on 24 August 2009. The Ministry was contacted by the issue on 21August 2009 by a junior member of the British High Commission, who was told that theMinistry was awaiting a formal communication. Such a formal communication has not beenreceived, but the Secretary instructed the DIG in charge to furnish a full report. The Ministry isnot aeare of the reasons for the <strong>de</strong>lay in lodging a formal complaint by the alleged victim. The


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 336Secretary conten<strong>de</strong>d that due to the fact that the matter has been well publicized, an inquiry maybe more difficult. The Secretary had nonetheless the DIG to treat this case as a matter of urgency.Urgent appeal2089. On 27 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Vice-ChairpersonRapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the right ofeveryone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health, andthe Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment,sent an urgent appeal to the Government regarding Mr. Charles Raveendran Navaratnam,aged 45, employed by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and Mr.Kanthasamy Sounthararajan, aged 31, employed by the United Nations Office for ProjectServices.2090. According to the information received, on 11 June 2009, Mr. Charles RaveendranNavaratnam was questioned at his home by a person addressed as the “OIC” and several otherpersons in civilian clothes. He was informed that he had to be taken away for an inquiry, and wastaken to a dark blue Pajero Jeep (Registration No. 61-7068), where he was immediatelyhandcuffed. He was then blindfol<strong>de</strong>d and asked to indicate where the “goods” were. He <strong>de</strong>niedany knowledge about this, following which he was beaten and stricken with an iron rod on hishead. He was threatened with being killed if he did not reveal “the truth”. He was then taken toVepankulam where he was beaten in the stomach, neck and face including the mouth, ears andjaw, as well as on his legs with a woo<strong>de</strong>n baton. He was taken to a house where other personswere being held. He spent the night handcuffed and with his legs chained. On 12 June 2009, hewas again interrogated about the “goods” and asked whether he knew certain individuals. He<strong>de</strong>nied any knowledge and was beaten once again. He was also taken to the Menik Farm andTechnical College Internally Displaced Persons Camp, where he was or<strong>de</strong>red to i<strong>de</strong>ntify LTTEsuspects, which he failed to do. He spent the night at the Vavuniya Police Station, where he wasforced to sleep with his legs chained.2091. On 13 June 2009, at about 8:30 a.m., he was taken away in the same jeep and stopped atthe Petrol Station close to Vavuniya Kachcheri. There, the persons in the jeep got out andforcibly took Mr. Kanthasamy Sounthararaja, indicating that he was being taken for questioningand would be released after an inquiry. He was questioned about some suspected persons andwas beaten when he <strong>de</strong>nied any information. Both men were then taken to Temple Road whereinter<strong>national</strong> non-governmental organizations and United Nations Agencies have their offices.They were both directed to tell whether staff in these organizations had any connections withterrorists. They <strong>de</strong>nied any knowledge and were threatened with <strong>de</strong>ath. In the afternoon, theywere taken in the direction of Vavuniya Mannar Road and stopped at a cemetery inBharathipuram. Mr. Sounthararaja was taken out, beaten and threatened to be shot at with apistol. However, when by-stan<strong>de</strong>rs arrived on the nearby road he was forced back into the jeep.Later that day, both men were taken to Colombo and were held in a building behind BorellaPolice Station. There they were subjected to prolonged interrogations by several police officersand beatings and were later transferred back to Borella Police Station.2092. On 25 June 2009, they were examined by officers of the Inter<strong>national</strong> Committee of theRed Cross. Later, they were permitted visits by relatives, staff of their employing agency andtheir lawyers. The next day, they were forced to sign a statement in Sinhala language which they


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 337did not un<strong>de</strong>rstand. They are still being held at the Borella Police Station, and it is believed thatthey were arrested for “actively engaging in LTTE activities”. A fundamental rights applicationwas filed in the Supreme Court for both men. The Supreme Court gave them leave to proceedand instructed the Judicial Medical Officer (JMO) to examine the <strong>de</strong>tainees and submit a reportto the court. They were examined by the JMO on 26 June. On 23 July, the police took them backto the JMO and requested him to write a new report based on documentation provi<strong>de</strong>d by thepolice. However, the JMO refused.2093. As a result of the beatings, both men suffer from back pain, partial loss of hearing andsevere headaches.2094. In view of their earlier incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention and reports about torture and illtreatment,grave concerns were expressed with respect to the physical and psychologicalintegrity of Mr. Charles Raveendran Navaratnam and Mr. Kanthasamy Sounthararajan.Letter of allegations2095. On 9 October 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the SpecialRapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotionand protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism, sent aletter of allegations to the Government concerning Mr. J.S. Tissainayagam, editor in chief ofthe North Eastern Monthly magazine. Information regarding Mr. Tissainayagam was previouslysent to your Excellency’s Government on 14 March 2008 following his arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention bythe Terrorist Investigation Division (TID) along with five other journalists. The joint urgentappeal was sent by the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention,the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the SpecialRapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights while countering terrorism. Aresponse from your Excellency’s Government was received on 16 July 2009, indicating that thecourts found Mr. Tissainayagam’s confession to the police to be voluntary and that his <strong>de</strong>tentionat the TID was not illegal. The Working Group on Arbitrary Detention also adopted an opinionon the case of Mr. Tissanayagam on 12 September 2008, which <strong>de</strong>clared his <strong>de</strong>tention to bearbitrary (opinion no.30/2008).2096. According to new information received, on 25 August 2009, Mr. Tissainayagam wascharged with three counts un<strong>de</strong>r the Prevention and Terrorism Act (PTA) and the EmergencyRegulations of 2006 in relation to his criticism of the Sri Lankan Army’s treatment of civilians intwo articles published in the North Eastern Monthly magazine in June 2006.2097. On 31 August 2009, Mr. Tissainayagam was found guilty by Colombo High Court judgeMs. Deepali Wijesun<strong>de</strong>ra and sentenced to 20 years of “rigorous imprisonment” un<strong>de</strong>r the PTA.Mr. Tissainayagam was found guilty on two counts of intending to “cause communaldisharmony” (PTA, section 2), with mandatory minimum sentence of five years each, and onecount of receipt of monies “in the furtherance of any act of terrorism” (Emergency Regulations,regulation 6), with mandatory minimum sentence of 10 years.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3382098. Judge Wijesundara is allegedly the sister of the officer who signed the indictment againstMr. Tissainayagam. One of the main pieces of evi<strong>de</strong>nce used against Mr. Tissainayagam was ahandwritten confession, which had been submitted to court by the prosecution. The <strong>de</strong>fencecounsel challenged the veracity of Tissainayagam’s confession on the basis of three accounts:first, Mr. Tissainayagam was threatened and mentally tortured for the police to obtain thatstatement; second, the confession was not given to an Assistant Superintendant of Police asrequired by law, and third, the statement reportedly mirrored word for word a statement writtenon 7 March 2009 by the officer who had been present at the time of Mr Tissainayagam’s<strong>de</strong>tention and who has allegedly been involved in the torture of and threats against Mr.Tissainayagam. Judge Wijesundara <strong>de</strong>nied Mr. Tissainayagam’s right to appeal against theadmissibility of this forced confession into evi<strong>de</strong>nce.2099. Concern was expressed that the sentencing of Mr. Tissainayagam might be directlyrelated to his work in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights and is an attempt to silence peaceful andlegitimate criticisms of the government, thus stifling the right to freedom of opinion an<strong>de</strong>xpression in Sri Lanka. Concern was also expressed regarding the broad scope of the PTA andthe Emergency Regulations, which do not appear to fall un<strong>de</strong>r the ambit of permissiblerestrictions to the right to freedom of opinion and expression un<strong>de</strong>r inter<strong>national</strong> human rightslaw. Further concern was expressed regarding fair trial standards in this case.Urgent appeal2100. On 15 October 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding threats against Ms. Dileesha Abeysun<strong>de</strong>ra, journalist forthe Sinhalese-language weekly Irudina, Deputy Secretary of the Free Media Movement, andSecretary of the National Forum for Journalists in Sri Lanka.2101. According to information received, on 28 September 2009, Ms. Abeysun<strong>de</strong>ra organisedand atten<strong>de</strong>d a meeting calling for the abolition of what she has publicly stated as the “draconianprovisions” in the Press Council Act of 1973. On the same day at around 11:45 p.m., several menwho were uni<strong>de</strong>ntified and were travelling in white vans attempted to forcibly enter Ms.Abeysun<strong>de</strong>ra’s compound in the Borella district of Colombo. It has been reported that the menrepeatedly called out her name while hitting her gate. After she informed them that they had thewrong house, they remained in the area and subsequently left due to poor weather.2102. White vans have allegedly been used in many cases of abductions and enforceddisappearances in Sri Lanka since 2006, when State agents and paramilitary groups that areallied to the Government allegedly increased attacks against those critical of the Government.2103. Concern was expressed that Ms. Abeysun<strong>de</strong>ra has been threatened because of her work insupport of a free media in Sri Lanka and her work as a journalist with Irudina, which is allegedlyknown for its critical coverage of the Government. Further concern was expressed regarding Ms.Abeysun<strong>de</strong>ra’s physical and psychological integrity, particularly given the number of abductions,physical attacks, <strong>de</strong>ath threats, killings and acts of intimidation against journalists, and theensuing lack of prosecutions of alleged perpetrators. Moreover, concern was expressed regardingrestrictions on in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt reporting in Sri Lanka, including the Press Council Act of 1973,which allows journalists to be prosecuted for contempt and sentenced to exten<strong>de</strong>d periods in


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 339prison, and prohibits the publication of materials related to Government documents, the armedservices, <strong>national</strong> security and economic policy.Urgent appeal2104. On 6 November 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onextrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions; the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal to theGovernment regarding the situation of Ms. Fre<strong>de</strong>rica Jansz, and Ms. Munza Mushataq andstaff members of the Sunday Lea<strong>de</strong>r weekly newspaper, an investigative newspaper whichoften reports on cases of alleged corruption and abuse of authority in Sri Lanka. Ms. Jansz andMs. Mushataq are respectively Editor-in-chief and News Editor of the Sunday Lea<strong>de</strong>r.2105. The Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, SpecialRapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expressionand Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs sent on 9 January 2009, aletter of allegation on the killing of Mr. Lasantha Wickrematunga, foun<strong>de</strong>r and former Editor-in-Chief of the Sunday Lea<strong>de</strong>r. We acknowledge receipt of the responses of your Excellency’sGovernment dated 11 February 2009 and 9 July 2009.2106. According to the information received, on 22 October 2009, Ms. Jansz and Ms. Mushataqreportedly received <strong>de</strong>ath threat letters. The letters, handwritten in red ink, stated the following:"if you write anymore, we will kill you, slice you into pieces". Mr. Lasantha Wickrematunga waskilled in January 2009 after having received a similar red ink handwritten <strong>de</strong>ath threat letter.2107. These new threats occurred following the publication on 18 October 2009, of an articleby the Sunday Lea<strong>de</strong>r in relation to a vi<strong>de</strong>o allegedly showing Sri Lankan soldiers executingTamil prisoners and <strong>de</strong>nounced as a fake by your Excellency’s Government.2108. Ms. Jansz and Ms. Mushataq reported the threats to the Inspector <strong>General</strong> of Police andto the police in Colombo.2109. It is further reported that staff members of the Sunday Lea<strong>de</strong>r have been threatened onmany occasions and the premises of the newspaper burnt down and bombed several times.2110. Grave concern was expressed that these new threats may be directly related to thelegitimate work of Ms. Jansz and Ms. Mushataq and the staff members of the Sunday Lea<strong>de</strong>r in<strong>de</strong>fense of human rights. Given the content of the letters and the killing of Mr. Wickrematunga,further concern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity of Ms. Jansz and Ms.Mushataq and all staff of the Sunday Lea<strong>de</strong>r.Observations2111. The Special Rapporteur thanks the Government of Sri Lanka for its replies but regretsthat at the time of the finalization of the report, the Government had not transmitted any repliesto her communications dated 27 August 2009, 9 and 15 October 2009 and 6 November 2009.She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications as an important part of the cooperation ofGovernments with her mandate.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3402112. The Special Rapporteur urges the Government to transmit to her all relevant informationregarding any investigation or prosecution in relation to the cases of Mr. Charles RaveendranNavaratnam, Mr. Kanthasamy Sounthararajan, Ms. Dileesha Abeysun<strong>de</strong>ra Ms. Fre<strong>de</strong>rica Jansz,Ms. Munza Mushataq and staff members of the Sunday Lea<strong>de</strong>r newspaper.2113. The Special Rapporteur wishes to remind the Government of the provisions of theDeclaration on human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, specifically article 6 paragraph (b) and (c), whichprovi<strong>de</strong> that everyone has the right (...) freely to publish, impart or disseminate to others views,information and knowledge on all human rights and fundamental freedoms as well as article 12paragraphs 2 and 3 of the Declaration which provi<strong>de</strong> that the State shall take all necessarymeasures to ensure the protection by the competent authorities of everyone, (…) against anyviolence, threats, retaliation, <strong>de</strong> facto or <strong>de</strong> jure adverse discrimination, pressure or any otherarbitrary action as a consequence of his or her legitimate exercise of the rights referred to in theDeclaration”.Urgent appealSudan2114. On 24 March 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur ona<strong>de</strong>quate housing as a component of the right to an a<strong>de</strong>quate standard of living, and on the rightto non-discrimination in this context, the In<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt Expert on the issue of human rightsobligations related to access to safe drinking water and sanitation, the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the SpecialRapporteur on the right to education, the Special Rapporteur on the right to food, the SpecialRapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard ofphysical and mental health, and the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causesand consequences, sent an urgent appeal regarding the revocation of licenses of 16 nongovernmentalorganisations working in the region of Darfur, in Northern Sudan and in theTransitional Areas. Such a <strong>de</strong>cision will have <strong>de</strong>vastating consequences on the human rights ofapproximately 4.7 million people affected by the conflict, particularly in the sectors of food,health, water, sanitation, a<strong>de</strong>quate housing and education. Of this population approximately 2.7million are internally displaced persons living in camps across the country.2115. According to the information received, on 5 March 2009, following the issuance of anarrest warrant against Presi<strong>de</strong>nt Omar al-Bashir by the Inter<strong>national</strong> Criminal Court, it wasannounced that the operations relating to humanitarian assistance and human rights work of theseorganisations were suspen<strong>de</strong>d. These organisations inclu<strong>de</strong> 13 inter<strong>national</strong> non-governmentalorganisations, namely Action contre la Faim, Solidarités, Save the Children UK and Save theChildren US, Mé<strong>de</strong>cins sans Frontières Holland and Mé<strong>de</strong>cins sans Frontières France, CareInter<strong>national</strong>, Oxfam GB, Mercy Corps, Inter<strong>national</strong> Rescue Committee (IRC), NorwegianRefugee Council, Cooperative Housing Foundation and PADCO. In addition, the activities ofthree <strong>national</strong> organisations were also terminated, namely the Sudan Social DevelopmentOrganization (SUDO), the Amel Centre for Treatment and Rehabilitation of Victims of Violence,and the Khartoum Centre for Human Rights. These 16 organisations employed nearly 6,500<strong>national</strong> and inter<strong>national</strong> personnel, this constituting close to half of the workforce in Darfur.Eviction or<strong>de</strong>rs have reportedly been appealed (according to Sudanese law) by relief andhumanitarian NGOs, while the closing down of local NGOs cannot be appealed according to theHumanitarian Act of 2006. Inci<strong>de</strong>nts of threats against NGO personnel were reported as well as


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 341systematic confiscation and seizure of property, including passports, computers, cars andconfi<strong>de</strong>ntial items, reportedly on the basis of an agreement signed by NGO personnel with theHumanitarian Aid Commission (HAC) stipulating that they have to hand their assets over to theState if they leave.2116. The impact will not only be limited to Darfur, but also the Three Transitional Areas andEastern Sudan. According to estimates, 1.5 million beneficiaries no longer have access to healthand nutrition services. Host and IDP populations are particularly affected. Water supply,sanitation and hygiene services provi<strong>de</strong>d by these NGOs to 1.16 million people have beeninterrupted (Blue Nile – 102,000; Eastern States – 50,000; and Darfur – 1,007,000). Some 1.1million people have stopped receiving general food distribution and the treatment of some 4,000children for severe and mo<strong>de</strong>rate malnutrition over the next three months could be interrupted. Inthe Non-Food Item (NFI) and Emergency Shelter (ES) sector, 670,000 individuals are to beaffected. Distributions of Non-Food Relief Items (which inclu<strong>de</strong> cooking equipment and otherbasic household goods) and emergency shelter have ceased in 19 camps and locations in Darfur.2117. The longer term humanitarian consequences, such as <strong>de</strong>pletion and shortages of foodstocks and other assets and the upcoming rainy season, will reportedly have a serious impact onthe ability of the communities concerned to have access to sufficient and a<strong>de</strong>quate food.2118. On 8 March 2009, the <strong>de</strong>cision to terminate the activities of the abovementionedorganisations had started to show its effects. In some IDP camps in the Zalingei area, forexample, the fuel for operation of the water pumps had begun to run low without an alternativeoption in place for its re-supply. Garbage had also started piling up insi<strong>de</strong> these camps. Absenceof water and a waste disposal system will have serious consequences on people’s health andnutrition.2119. Finally, disturbing reports of censorship, temporary newspaper suspensions, threats andarbitrary arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention to prevent human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, journalists and members ofopposition parties from freely expressing their opinions, were reported. Privately-owned printmedia reportedly continue to be subjected to daily censorship by officials of the NationalIntelligence and Security Service (NISS) who may or<strong>de</strong>r the removal of any article from thefollowing day’s paper. In response to the censorship there have been a number of protests byjournalists.Urgent appeal2120. On 17 April 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce ofjudges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right tofreedom of opinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights inthe Sudan, and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>gradingtreatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal regarding the incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr.Mohamed Al Mahgoub, Director of the North Darfur branch of the Amel Centre for MedicalTreatment and Rehabilitation of Victims of Torture.2121. According to the information received, on 11 April 2009, officers of the NationalIntelligence and State Security Services (NISS) arrested Mr. Al Mahgoub at his house in Al


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 342Fashir. He has since been <strong>de</strong>tained incommunicado in the NISS premises in Al Fashir. MohamedAl Mahjoub has so far not been allowed any personal visits or been given access to a lawyer. Mr.Al Mahgoub has not been charged yet of any offence.2122. Prior to his arrest, on 5 March 2009, Mr. Al Mahgoub had been or<strong>de</strong>red by the NISS notto leave Al Fashir, on the basis of the National Security Forces Act 1999.2123. The Amal Centre’s offices were closed down by the NISS in Nyala, South Darfur and inAl Fashir, North Darfur. The closure of Amal coinci<strong>de</strong>d with that of two other Sudanese nongovernmentalorganisations, the Sudan Social Development Organisation (SUDO) and theKhartoum Centre for Human Rights and Environmental Development (KCHRED), and theexpulsion of 13 inter<strong>national</strong> humanitarian organisations that were operating in Sudan.2124. Concern was expressed that the incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Mohamed Al Mahgoubmight be solely related to his legitimate activities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, particularly therights of victims of torture. Further concern was expressed for his physical and mental integrity.Letter of allegations2125. On 14 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the SpecialRapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, sent a letter of allegationsregarding the judicial prosecution of Ms. Amal Habani. Ms. Habani is a women’s rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r and journalist with the newspaper Ajrass Al Horreya (Freedom Bells).2126. According to information received, Ms. Habani is facing judicial prosecution followingthe publication of an article on 12 July 2009 in Ajrass Al Horreya in which she criticizedrestrictions on women’s rights in Sudan. In the article, Ms. Habani expressed her support forfellow journalist Ms. Lubna Ahmed al-Hussein who was recently arrested for wearing trousers inpublic and faces a possible sentence of 40 lashes. The Public Or<strong>de</strong>r Police subsequently filed acomplaint against Ms. Habani for <strong>de</strong>famation, in accordance with Article 159 of the SudaneseCriminal Co<strong>de</strong>. Ms. Habani could be fined ten million Sudanese pounds, if found guilty.2127. Concern was expressed that the judicial prosecution of Ms. Habani may be related to herpeaceful and legitimate activities in <strong>de</strong>fense of women’s rights.Response from the Government2128. In a letter dated 24 September 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the abovecommunication. At the time of finalizing the present report, a translation of the reply was notavailable.Urgent appeal2129. On 14 December 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection ofthe right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 343cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal regarding thesituation of Ms. Butheina Omar al Sadiq, Ms. Randa Yousif and Ms. Nafisa al-Nur Hajar.2130. According to the information received, on 8 December 2009, while posting flyers at theAl Kalakla Court complex in Khartoum, Ms. Omar Al Sadiq, Ms. Yousif and Ms. Al-Nur Hajarwere arrested by the police following an or<strong>de</strong>r by Judge Bashir Rahama. The leaflets called onlawyers to renew their membership to the Bar Association to enable them to vote at the next BarAssociation elections in January 2010. After having been interrogated by the police, the threelawyers were released. Later the same day, they were re-arrested by agents of the NationalIntelligence Security Service of Sudan (NISS), and since then have been held in incommunicado<strong>de</strong>tention.2131. Concern was expressed that the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of Ms. Omar Al Sadiq, Ms. Yousifand Ms. Al-Nur Hajar might be directly related to their work in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights, and inparticular for posting information regarding the upcoming Bar Association elections. In view oftheir incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention, further concern was expressed for their physical andpsychological integrity.Observations2132. The Special Rapporteur thanks the Government for its response, but regrets that at thetime of finalizing the present report, the Government had not transmitted a reply to hercommunications of 14 December 2009, 17 April 2009, 24 March 2009, 28 November 2008, 22May 2008, 21 January 2008, 29 November 2007, 24 September 2007, 19 April 2007, 20November 2006, 8 September 2006, 25 August 2006, 15 August 2006, 8 August 2006, 26 July2006, 11 July 2006, 19 May 2006, 20 March 2006, 27 January 2006, 16 November 2005, 6September 2005, 1 June 2005, 24 February 2005, 6 October 2004, 18 June 2004, 12 may 2004and 5 April 2004. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications an important part of thecooperation of Governments with her mandate. She urges the Government to respond to theconcerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken toprosecute the perpetrators as well as protective measures taken to ensure the physical and mentalintegrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and their families.2133. She urges the Government to make every effort to ensure that human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs canoperate in a safe and conducive environment, especially in the Darfur regions.Urgent appealSwaziland2134. On 12 June 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal regarding Mr.Thulani Maseko, a lawyer for the <strong>de</strong>tained Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the Peoples Democratic Movement(PUDEMO), Mario Masuku.2135. According to the information received, Mr. Thulani Maseko was arrested on 2 June 2009,in Manzini, by members of the security forces and charged un<strong>de</strong>r the Sedition and Subversive


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 344Activities Act of 1938. Mr. Maseko was arrested for alleged utterances he ma<strong>de</strong> during aWorkers’ Day event held on 1 May 2009, at Manzini Salesian Sports Ground.2136. Mr. Maseko was charged with contravening Sections 5 (1) and 5 (2) of the 1938 Seditionand Subversive Activities Act, as amen<strong>de</strong>d. He appeared for remand at Manzini Magistrate Courtand conducted his own <strong>de</strong>fence against the charges.2137. According to the information received, Mr. Maseko was arrested and is being <strong>de</strong>tainedfor having exercised his fundamental right to express himself. His <strong>de</strong>tention would be contraryto the Constitution of Swaziland, which guarantees freedom of expression.Observations2138. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of finalizing the present report, theGovernment had not transmitted a reply to her communication of 12 June 2009. She consi<strong>de</strong>rsresponse to her communications an important part of the cooperation of Governments with hermandate. She urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken to prosecute the perpetrators as well asprotective measures taken to ensure the physical and mental integrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and theirfamilies.Urgent appealSyrian Arab Republic2139. On 3 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Vice-ChairpersonRapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the SpecialRapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent anurgent appeal to the Government regarding Mr. Muhanad al-Hasani, a human rights lawyer andthe director of the Syrian Human Rights Organization (SHRO). r. Al-Hasani was the subject of aletter of allegation, sent by the then Special Representative on the situation of human rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, on 9 November 2007. According to information received:2140. On 28 July 2009, Mr. Al-Hasani was called in by the Public Intelligence Directorate(PID). When he went there, he was arrested at approximately 7 p.m. He continues to be <strong>de</strong>tainedincommunicado. Over the previous few days he had been repeatedly summoned to appear at thePID.2141. It is believed that his arrest is related to his work in monitoring the hearing of casesrelated to the 2008 riot at Sidnaya prison, which recently commenced at the State Security Court(SSC). On 19 July 2009, following the end of one such hearing, Mr. Al-Hasani was stopped by acourt clerk who procee<strong>de</strong>d to take his notebook and tear out any pages related to the proceedings.Mr. Al-Hasani reported the inci<strong>de</strong>nt to the head of the SSC who subsequently repriman<strong>de</strong>d thecourt clerk. The court clerk stated that he was acting on or<strong>de</strong>rs from Habib Najma, the chiefprosecutor of the court. Despite the intervention of the head judge of the SSC and arepresentative from the Ministry of Justice, the confiscated notes were not returned to Mr. Al-Hasani.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3452142. Mr. Al-Hasani has also been the subject of a travel ban for the last five years and hasbeen repeatedly threatened with judicial prosecution and imprisonment for running anunregistered organization. SHRO´s application for official registration was <strong>de</strong>nied.2143. Concern is expressed that the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Al-Hasani is related to hisreportedly peaceful and legitimate activities in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights. With a view to hisincommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention, we are also concerned for the physical and mental integrity of Mr. Al-Hasani.Urgent appeal2144. On 21 October 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteurof the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the Special Rapporteur ontorture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal tothe Government regarding Haytham al-Maleh, aged 78, former head of the Human RightsAssociation in Syria (HRAS). Mr. al-Maleh was the subject of an urgent appeal sent by theSpecial Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion an<strong>de</strong>xpression and the then Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation ofhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 23 February 2004. According to the allegations received:2145. On 13 October 2009, Haytham al-Maleh was asked by the Political Security Departmentto report to the Political Security’s branch in Damascus, but he did not go. On 14 October 2009,he was arrested at his office. Since then he has been <strong>de</strong>tained at an unknown location.2146. It is assumed that Haytham al-Maleh’s <strong>de</strong>tention follows a phone interview about humanrights and <strong>de</strong>mocracy in the Syrian Arab Republic that he gave to Baradda TV in September2009. Furthermore, Haytham al-Maleh was <strong>de</strong>fending Muhannad al-Hassani, a human rightslawyer who has allegedly been held in <strong>de</strong>tention since 28 July 2009 (see the communication sentto your Excellency’s Government on 3 August 2009 by the Working Group on ArbitraryDetention; the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom ofopinion and expression; the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs; andthe Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment orpunishment).2147. Haytham al-Maleh suffers from diabetes and an overactive thyroid gland and is thereforein need of appropriate medical treatment, including medicine. Haytham al-Maleh was previouslyimprisoned from 1980 until 1986.2148. With a view to Mr. Haytham al-Maleh’s incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention, concern is expressedfor his physical and mental integrity.Urgent appeal2149. On 10 December 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal to theGovernment concerning Mr. Muhannad Al-Hassani, lawyer, Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the Syrian Human


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 346Rights Organization (SHRO) and Commissioner of the Inter<strong>national</strong> Commission of Jurists. Thesituation of Mr. Al-Hassani has previously been addressed by an urgent appeal of 3 August 2009by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on thesituation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel,inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, to which no reply has been received so far fromyour Excellency’s Government. According to the new information received:2150. On 10 November 2009, the Disciplinary Committee of the Damascus Section of theSyrian Bar Association <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d to permanently bar Mr. Al-Hassani from practicing law. Amongthe grounds upon which the disbarment was or<strong>de</strong>red was that Muhannad Al-Hassani is “thePresi<strong>de</strong>nt of an unauthorized organization (the Syrian Organization for Human Rights)”, theaccusation of “publishing false and exaggerated information that weakens the state and itsreputation abroad”, and of “attending and documenting the proceedings of the Supreme StateSecurity Court without being the lawyer of those involved in these proceedings,” as well as“violating the law governing this profession as well as the [Bar Association’s] internal rules, andharming the dignity, honour and traditions of this profession”.2151. Mr. Al-Hassani has been held in <strong>de</strong>tention in Damascus since 28 July and faces criminalcharges un<strong>de</strong>r Article 286 of the Syrian Penal Co<strong>de</strong>. These charges arise allegedly from hisobservation and reporting of an open trial before the State Security Court held on 19 July 2009,and carry a prison sentence of up to 15 years. According to the information received, un<strong>de</strong>r theState Security Court Law proceedings of the Court are presumptively public.2152. It is further reported that during the disciplinary proceedings, which took place on 20October and 10 November 2009, the Disciplinary Committee gave no credible evi<strong>de</strong>nce that Al-Hassani had published any false or exaggerated information of any kind.2153. Concern is expressed that the disbarment and criminal charges against Mr. Al-Hasani arerelated to his reportedly peaceful and legitimate activities in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights, includingas a lawyer.Responses from the Government to communications sent in previous years2154. On 3 April 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to an urgent appeal sent by the then SpecialRepresentative of the Secretary <strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, theChairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteuron the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the Special Rapporteur on thequestion of torture on 25 February 2008.2155. The response stated that Ms. Aisha Afandi and Ms. Kawthar Taifour were arrested forstirring up unrest in the town of Ayn al-Arab in the Aleppo governorate. They were <strong>de</strong>tained inAleppo Central Prison, in women’s ward 4, where women accused of the same class of offencesare held. Contrary to the allegation transmitted to the Office of the High Commissioner, thewomen were not held in incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention and were neither of them subjected to illtreatment;the law safeguards their rights and <strong>de</strong>als severely with persons who violate the rightsof women, even if they are in prison and on trial for various offences.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3472156. The two women appeared before an Aleppo court on 20 August 2008 following aninquiry that was conducted in accordance with the due process norms laid down in theConstitution and Syrian law. The case and investigation files were <strong>de</strong>posited with the militaryprosecutor’s office, which is the legal authority with jurisdiction for the offences with which thewomen were charged, namely, stirring up sectarian strife and unrest. The two women werebrought to the military prosecutor’s office on 21 August 2008 and were charged with theaforementioned offences. The case was filed with the chief judge of the lower military court inAleppo before whom the two women appeared for examination on 22 August 2008. At the endof the hearing, the judge <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d to discharge the women and the <strong>de</strong>cision was carried out thatvery day. The judge continues to review the rest of the case against the two women. If theproceedings had not been conducted fairly and transparently and the two women had received noassistance, the judge would not have released them at the first hearing. Thus, there is no truth toany of the allegations transmitted to the Office of the High Commissioner, including thoseconcerning arbitrary <strong>de</strong>tention and <strong>de</strong>nial of freedom of expression and the exercise of rights.2157. The Syrian authorities, furthermore, verified the legality of the arrest procedures andfound no evi<strong>de</strong>nce that the rights and freedoms of the two women had been infringed or that thewomen had been placed in arbitrary <strong>de</strong>tention or subjected to mental or physical torture or anyother serious violation. The two women are Syrian <strong>national</strong>s, who were given a legal hearingconsistent with the inter<strong>national</strong> standards and norms laid down in the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant onCivil and Political Rights and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Neither the familiesnor the legal representatives of the two women filed any complaints with the Syrian authoritiesbefore or after the letter from the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for HumanRights arrived.2158. As for the health of the two women, we should point out that the laws on prisons in theSyrian Arab Republic stipulate that health and medical care must be provi<strong>de</strong>d for all persons in<strong>de</strong>tention. All prisoners receive free medical attention as soon as they enter prison. When Ms.Afandi arrived at the prison, the doctor of the prisoners’ welfare association diagnosed her assuffering from an inflamed right ear, and treated her regularly throughout her time in <strong>de</strong>tention.This was treatment that she had not received beforehand. Ms. Tayfur was diagnosed as sufferingfrom diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis pain and chest pains. She also had a condition known as“Aleppo boil” (leishmaniasis of the skin) and received free treatment for these conditionsthroughout the time that she spent in prison. Contrary to the information given to the Office ofthe High Commissioner, she did not complain of suffering from psychological trauma orepilepsy.2159. We also refer to the information at the beginning of the letter from the Office of the HighCommissioner stating that Ms. Afandi and Ms. Tayfur are members of the Kurdish minority.There is no such <strong>de</strong>signation in the Syrian Arab Republic; these two women are Syrian <strong>national</strong>sand there is no reference in their i<strong>de</strong>ntity cards or other papers, or those of any Syrian citizen, tomembership of a minority or a majority. Everyone is equal before the law and no reference isever ma<strong>de</strong> to a person’s race, religion or confessional group.2160. On 8 April 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to an urgent appeal sent by the SpecialRapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, the Special Rapporteur on the promotionand protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the Special Rapporteur on


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 348the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers on 21 October 2008 regarding the travel ban imposedagainst Mr. Akhtam Naisse.2161. The reply stated that a travel ban has been imposed on Mr. Na`isah in connection with hisprosecution for crimes against <strong>national</strong> security and for using his activities purportedly in<strong>de</strong>fence of human rights to conceal his actions to instigate sentiment against the constitutionalauthorities, un<strong>de</strong>rmine <strong>national</strong>ist feeling and to conceal the fact that he receives funding fromabroad. The Syrian Arab Republic emphasizes that the travel ban imposed on Mr. Na`isah is notin any way related to his human rights activities.2162. It should be pointed out that human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs are not subject to harassment; on thecontrary, the Syrian Government encourages work in this field and gives broad support at alllevels to those who are actively engaged in the <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights in the Syrian ArabRepublic. The Government also emphasizes that freedom of opinion and expression areenshrined in the Syrian Constitution; the Government strives to ensure the right of any citizen toexpress his opinion freely, in accordance with the principles of inter<strong>national</strong> law and withinter<strong>national</strong> instruments and inter<strong>national</strong> norms.Observations2163. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of the finalization of the report, theGovernment had not transmitted any replies to her communications of 3 August, 21 October and10 December 2009 and to eight communications sent in 2008. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to hercommunications as an important part of the cooperation of Governments with her mandate, andurges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her.Urgent appealThailand2164. On 19 February 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairman-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances and the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal regarding the searches conducted to the office of the Working Group on Justice forPeace, a NGO <strong>de</strong>aling with cases of enforced disappearances.2165. According to the information received, on 8 February 2009, the office of the WorkingGroup on Justice for Peace (WGJP) in Pattani was searched by a group of twenty police andarmy officers who inspected computer data and took photographs of various materials. Allegedly,the search was conducted un<strong>de</strong>r Martial Law legislation upon information that southern militantswere seen in the area. At the time of the search, two volunteers at WGJP were asked to showtheir i<strong>de</strong>ntity cards and were interrogated about the activities of the NGO. It is alleged that thesearch was provoked by the fact that many human rights activists went to the south of thecountry to meet local resi<strong>de</strong>nts and gain first-hand information about the operations of securityofficers. This inci<strong>de</strong>nt constitutes a threat to human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs working in the southernprovinces, in particular on the issue of enforced disappearances.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 349Response from the Government2166. In a letter dated 9 March 2009, the Government informed that the searches of the officesof the WGJP were conducted during the Lim Kor Niew Festival on 6-10 February 2009, animportant annual event in Pattani Province. In or<strong>de</strong>r to maintain security and safety during suchperiod, the Internal Security Operations Command (ISOC – Fourth Army Region), instructed thePattani Special Unit to increase vigilance and intelligence in the province.2167. Prior to the searches, the authorities concerned had received information from a reliablesource that a suspect in connection with the 2007 bombing attacks in Pattani Province waspreparing to perpetrate violence during this period. Arrest warrants had been issued for thissuspect un<strong>de</strong>r the Emergency Decree B.E. 2548 (2005) and the Criminal Procedure Co<strong>de</strong>.Information was also received that the suspect was hiding in a row of six rental accommodationin Muang District, Pattani Province, where local people resi<strong>de</strong> and the office of the WGJP alsohappens to be situated.2168. Acting upon this information, on 8 February 2009, the police and military officers fromPattani Special Unit were <strong>de</strong>ployed in accordance with the Martial Law Act B.E. 2457 (1914) toconduct searches of the said compound, including the office of the WGJP. The suspect was notfound during these searches.2169. In this connection, the Royal Thai Government wishes to point out that the searches werefully conducted in accordance with the law, and in good faith, to prevent any possible acts ofviolence, which may lead to loss of lives or damage to properties. The searches were conductedon all six adjoining rental units, and should not, in any way, be seen as singling out or beingaimed at intimidating the office of the WGJP because of its human rights-related activities.2170. The Royal Thai Government supports and encourages the work of individuals and groupswithin the society to promote and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms, with duerespect for the rights and freedoms of others, morality, public or<strong>de</strong>r and the general welfare ofthe society. Allegations concerning misconduct by the Thai authorities towards such individualsand groups will be fully investigated.2171. With regard to the situation in the Southern Bor<strong>de</strong>r Provinces of Thailand, the Royal ThaiGovernment places great importance on building un<strong>de</strong>rstanding and good relations between theauthorities and the local population, including local lea<strong>de</strong>rs and human rights and peace workers.In February 2009, ISOC participated in a seminar on the situation in the South of Thailand, inwhich several prominent aca<strong>de</strong>mics and human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs also atten<strong>de</strong>d. During thisseminar, it was agreed by all si<strong>de</strong>s that all stakehol<strong>de</strong>rs should cooperate and work closelytogether to address the situation in the Southern part of Thailand.Urgent appeal2172. On 31 March 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairman-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances and the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal regarding the situation of the staff members of the Pattani office of the Working


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 350Group on Justice for Peace (WGJP), a non-governmental organization (NGO) <strong>de</strong>aling withcases of enforced disappearances.2173. According to the new information received, on 29 March 2009, a group of four armedsoldiers, reportedly un<strong>de</strong>r the command of First Lt Benja Manochai, <strong>de</strong>puty chief of SpecialTaskforce 23, visited the Pattani office of WGJP for two hours and asked the following questionsto the staff members:1. When was the office opened?2. Who is working in this office, including high and low level staff?3. What kind of activities and programs does this office do?4. What data do you have that is useful for us?5. What information does the office gather in the field?The soldiers reportedly stated that they were tasked by the head of Special Taskforce 23, Lt ColPraweet Suthi-prapha, to gather information about the activities of NGOs in Pattani. In particular,the soldiers wanted to know with which organizations WGJP works at the <strong>national</strong> andinter<strong>national</strong> levels. Staff members respon<strong>de</strong>d by requesting the soldiers to send their questionsin writing, and han<strong>de</strong>d the organization’s brochure.2174. On 30 March, the same group of soldiers reportedly returned to the office and allegedlystated that they had forgotten to take down the names of staff members the day before. Thecoordinator of the office, Mr A<strong>de</strong>nan Sulaelo, gave his name to the soldiers. The soldiers alsoreportedly brought a box of medicine, including pain killers, Ethyl Alcohol, anti-bacterialsolution, and gauze, which can be interpreted as a <strong>de</strong>ath threat.2175. It is further reported that WGJP intends to hold an open meeting on 7 April 2009 inPattani to provi<strong>de</strong> information on the work and roles of human rights organizations working inthe three-southmos provinces in Thailand. Invitations to attend this meeting have reporteldy beenalso addressed to security personnel in the provinces.2176. Concern was expressed that the reported new visit of soldiers to the premises of WGJPand the interrogation of its staff members may be linked to the peaceful activities of WGJP forthe promotion and protection of human rights, in particular its work on enforced disappearances.Further concern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity of WGJP’s staffmembers, and more generally, for human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs operating in the Pattani, Narathiwatand Yala provinces.Urgent appeal2177. On 31 July 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal regardingongoing criminal investigations and charges being brought against individuals on the basis of the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 351lèse majesté provisions of the Thai Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>, namely Mr Jitsanu Promsorn, Ms ChronicPremchaiporn, Ms Boonyuen Prasertying, and Ms Daranee Charnchoengsilpakul.2178. A number of cases concerning lèse majesté have been the subject of communications senton behalf of several mandate hol<strong>de</strong>rs, most recently that relating to Mr. Suwicha Takor on 6April 2009. On 15 September 2008, an urgent appeal letter was sent regarding the <strong>de</strong>tention ofAustralian author Mr Harry Nicolai<strong>de</strong>s. A <strong>de</strong>tailed response was received on 17 October 2008,but clarification is sought on the basis of new information received.2179. According to new information received, in recent months, an increasing number ofindividuals have been subjected to criminal investigations and <strong>de</strong>tained on charges of lèsemajesté in accordance with Article 112 of the Thai Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>. The aforementioned articlestipulates that anyone who is found to have <strong>de</strong>famed, insulted or threatened a member of themonarchy shall be punishable with a sentence of between three and 15 years of imprisonment.Individuals have the right to file a complaint with the police against anyone who they <strong>de</strong>em tohave <strong>de</strong>famed the monarch and members of the royal family. Police investigations often takeyears to process. There are about 32 lèse majesté cases pending with the Police InvestigationsBureau, including the following:2180. On 23 June 2009, Mr Jitsanu Promsorn, a lea<strong>de</strong>r of the movement “United Front forDemocracy against Dictatorship”, was arrested by police and is to be charged with violatingArticle 112 of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong> for allegedly making lèse majesté remarks in a speech he ma<strong>de</strong>at Sanam Luang square in Bangkok.2181. In April 2009, Ms Chronic Premchaiporn, owner of a news website (Prachatai.com) wasarrested and charged with contravention of Article 112 of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>. The charges relateto a comment posted by one user on her website which allegedly berated Queen Sirikit. MsPremchaiporn faces multiple counts that could, potentially, lead to an exten<strong>de</strong>d prison sentence.2182. On 20 January 2009, Dr. Giles Ji Ungpakorn, an associate Professor of political scienceat Chulalongkorn University, was charged with lèse majesté following a complaint received bypolice that his book entitled “A Coup for the Rich”, insulted the monarchy. The aca<strong>de</strong>mic left forthe United Kingdom on 8 February 2009 citing fears that he would not have a fair trial inThailand.2183. On 6 November 2008, Ms Boonyuen Prasertying, lea<strong>de</strong>r of the Progressive CitizenGroup, was sentenced to 12 years of imprisonment for <strong>de</strong>faming the Heir Apparent, with thepenalty reduced to six years due to her guilty plea. Ms Prasertying was involved in<strong>de</strong>monstrations at Sanam Luang to protest against the military change of Government in 2006,and turned herself into the police on 15 August 2008 after being informed that she had beencharged with lèse majesté.2184. In July 2008, Ms Daranee Charnchoengsilpakul, a campaigner for former Prime MinisterThaksin Shinawatra, was arrested after <strong>de</strong>livering a speech at a rally in Bangkok which criticisedthe manner by which the change of Government was brought about in 2006 and the monarchy.The trial began at the end of June 2009, with the judge or<strong>de</strong>ring the case to be heard behindclosed doors on <strong>national</strong>-security grounds. Ms Daranee remains in <strong>de</strong>tention pending trial on


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 352charges of lèse majesté, <strong>de</strong>spite being acquitted of other charges arising from the same events.The trial date has been set for 5 August 2009.2185. In July 2009, police initiated an investigation into the entire Board of the ForeignCorrespon<strong>de</strong>nts’ Club of Thailand (FCCT), including its Vice-Presi<strong>de</strong>nt and British BroadcastingCooperation (BBC) correspon<strong>de</strong>nt Mr Jonathan Head, on the grounds of lèse majesté. The FCCTboard members inclu<strong>de</strong> journalists employed by the BBC, Bloomberg, the Wall Street Journaland Inter Press Service. The Board is reportedly being investigated for insulting the monarchy byproducing and selling a compilation of DVDs, one of which contains a speech ma<strong>de</strong> at the clubin August 2007 by Mr Jakrapob Penkair, then Office Minister of former Prime Minister ThaksinShinawatra. The speech had been criticised as anti-monarchy by an individual who lodged thecomplaint. In addition, Mr Head had already been facing lèse majesté charges for organizing theseminar which allowed Mr Jakrapob to make the speech. Mr Jakrapob also faced charges of lèsemajesté related to the presentation.2186. The Ministry of Information and Communications Technology (MICT) has blocked32,500 website pages citing lèse majesté grounds. Justice Minister, His Excellency PirapanSalirathavibhaga, has called on concerned agencies to take urgent action against websitesallegedly critical of the Thai monarchy. More than 10,000 websites are currently beingmonitored. It has also been reported that dozens of internet users who posted comments on webboards have been arrested and that some will face criminal charges. In 2007, the vi<strong>de</strong>o sharingwebsite “YouTube” was blocked for several months. In a recent <strong>de</strong>velopment, the lèse majestélaw has been enforced jointly with provisions of the 2007 Computer Crime Act.2187. Concern was expressed that the aforementioned events may be a direct attempt to preventin<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt reporting in Thailand, thus stifling freedom of expression in the country.Response from the Government2188. In a letter dated 19 November 2009, the Government informed that Thailand takesallegations concerning the lèse-majesté law very seriously, and will do its utmost to clarify anymisun<strong>de</strong>rstanding about the law. The Government provi<strong>de</strong>d the following information withregard to lèse-majesté law in Thailand.2189. The lèse-majesté law is part of Thailand’s criminal co<strong>de</strong>, which also contains generalprovisions on <strong>de</strong>famation and libel of private individuals. It provi<strong>de</strong>s that the King shall be heldin a non-violable position and that the King shall be respected and no one shall accuse or filecharges of any sort against him. This is in accordance with article 8 of the 2007 ThaiConstitution.2190. The rationale behind the law is to protect Thailand’s <strong>national</strong> security because un<strong>de</strong>r theThai Constitution, the monarchy is one of Thailand’s principal institutions. As Thai history hasshown, the bond between the Thai people and this principal institution is <strong>de</strong>eply rooted in thehistory of the Thai nationhood. Furthermore, the monarchy has been central to the Thai i<strong>de</strong>ntity,even after Thailand changed from a system of absolute monarchy to a parliamentary <strong>de</strong>mocracywith a constitutional monarchy in 1932.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3532191. The law also gives protection to the rights or reputation of the King, the Queen, the Heirapparent,or the Regent in a similar way libel law –which is a criminal offence- does forcommoners. However, because of their exalted position – the King and other members of theRoyal Family are above politics and are held with high reverence by the people- Thai law doesnot provi<strong>de</strong> for the monarchy to take legal action against and be in conflict with the people orallow them to comment or act in their own <strong>de</strong>fence. The rationale is also similar to the law oncontempt of court. These institutions should remain above conflict and not be drawn into one.2192. The law concerning lèse-majesté has been enacted not by any <strong>de</strong>mand from those it aimsto protect. The King himself is not to be averse of criticisms, having publicly expressed, in anationwi<strong>de</strong> address, his discomfort with the lèse-majesté law and his disagreement with thenotion that “the King can do no wrong”. However, the King is not in a position to amend the law,which has the support of the general public. Legislative power lies entirely with the Parliament,which exercises the will of the Thai people.2193. Due to what the King has done for their well-being, most Thais are profoundly respectfuland highly protective toward the King. Such is part of the cultural or social values that haveshaped the Thai public’s views regarding the lèse-majesté law and the protection of themonarchy as a principal institution.2194. There is a real concern that in recent years, and amidst political differences, themonarchy has, for various reasons, been drawn into the current domestic political situation. Incertain instances, the views expressed against the monarchy have been such that they advocatehatred or hostile feelings towards this important <strong>national</strong> institution and could un<strong>de</strong>rmine<strong>national</strong> security. Such a situation has prompted relevant government agencies to increase theirmonitoring and enforcement of applicable laws wherever violations occur.2195. However, the Royal Thai Government recognizes that there have been problems with theenforcement of the lèse-majesté law, which have led to its abuse. The conditions for itsenforcement will therefore be clarified. The Prime Minister has stated that the Government mustuphold the laws, but would not allow people to interpret the laws too liberally and abuse them.He has already discussed with the Royal Thai Police about the necessity of enforcing the lawwith caution so that the law would not be abused. He has instructed the Ministry of Justice todraw up standard operation procedures so that the public knows the boundaries of this law.2196. Thailand is committed to upholding the rights of all persons to freedom of opinion an<strong>de</strong>xpression as stipulated in the ICCPR and the 2007 Thai Constitution. The lèse-majesté law isnot aimed at curing these rights, nor the legitimate exercise of aca<strong>de</strong>mic freedom, including the<strong>de</strong>bates concerning the monarchy as an institution, which have taken place in the past. However,when these comments and opinions amount to accusations, then the person concerned shouldalso be held accountable for the views expressed. This applies whether the target of suchaccusations is an individual or the monarchy. The difference lies in the fact that the monarchy isconstrained in <strong>de</strong>fending itself against those accusations.2197. The lèse-majesté law serves not only the purpose of upholding <strong>national</strong> security, but alsoprovi<strong>de</strong>s such protection to the monarchy.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3542198. As with other criminal offences, proceedings on lèse-majesté cases are conducted inaccordance with due legal process. Un<strong>de</strong>r the Thai Criminal Procedure Co<strong>de</strong>, a person who findsa suspected lèse-majesté act may, on his or her own, set in motion legal prosecution by lodging aformal complaint with the relevant authorities. Facts and evi<strong>de</strong>nce must then be gathered andinvestigated first by the police to establish the case before it can be submitted and screened bythe public prosecutor in accordance with due process of law. Only thereafter may the publicprosecutor bring the case before the court. Here it should be noted that complaints are dropped ifthe police finds no ground to proceed.2199. According to the police statistics, in 2006, the police received 44 complaints related toSection 112 of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>. Of these, the police recommen<strong>de</strong>d that 31 cases should not beprosecuted. In 2007, the police recommen<strong>de</strong>d prosecution in only 7 out of 36 cases. In 2008, outof a total of 56 cases, they recommen<strong>de</strong>d the public prosecutor to proceed with 20 and not toprosecute 8. Four cases were dropped and 24 remain un<strong>de</strong>r investigation.2200. Throughout the legal process, the <strong>de</strong>fendant has the right to contest the charges and theright to a fair trial, as well as assistance from a legal counsel, if the case is brought before thecourt.2201. The court may <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong> to hold a trial on a lèse-majesté case in camera. Thai law provi<strong>de</strong>sthat the judge may use discretion to hold closed trials in certain cases if they <strong>de</strong>emed to involvesensitive matters in the interest of public or<strong>de</strong>r, good morals or <strong>national</strong> security, which isconsistent with practice in other countries as well as the relevant inter<strong>national</strong> law (art. 14 of theICCPR).2202. As for those found guilty, they have the right to appeal to higher courts, and once theircases become final, they may request royal pardons. It is not uncommon for royal pardons to begranted in such cases.Observations2203. The Special Rapporteur thanks the Government for its responses, but regrets that at thetime of finalizing the present report, the Government had not transmitted a reply to hercommunications of 31 March 2009, 26 February 2008, 15 February 2008, 16 March 2007, 19December 2006, 30 November 2006, 21 September 2006, 28 March 2006, 28 December 2004,28 June 2004 and 27 May 2004. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications an important partof the cooperation of Governments with her mandate. She urges the Government to respond tothe concerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtakento prosecute the perpetrators as well as protective measures taken to ensure the physical andmental integrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and their families.2204. The Special Rapporteur remains concerned about the situation of staff members of theWorking Group on Justice for Peace, and more largely of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs operating in the Pattani,Narathiwat and Yala provinces. She urges the Government to make every effort to ensure thatthey can operate in a safe and conducive environment.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 355TunisiaLettre d’allégations2205. Le 12 janvier 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécialsur l’indépendance <strong>de</strong>s juges et <strong>de</strong>s avocats, le Rapporteur spécial sur la promotion et laprotection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression et le Rapporteur spécial sur la torture etautres peines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou dégradants, a envoyé une lettre d’allégations auGouvernement sur la situation <strong>de</strong> situation <strong>de</strong> Adnane Haji, Béchir Labidi, A<strong>de</strong>l el Jayari,Tayeb Ben Othmane, Tarek Hlimi, Hassen Ben Abdallah, Maher Fajraoui, Fayçal BenAmor, Sami Ben Ahmed dit Amid, Haroun Halimi, Ghanem Chraiti, Moudhafer Labidi,Ridha Ezzedinne, Ab<strong>de</strong>ssalem Hlati, Abid Klayifi, Rachid Idaoui, Fahem Boukaddouss,Boubaker Ben Boubaker, Hafnaoui Ben Othman, Mahmoud Raddadi, Hedi Bouslah,Ridha Amaïdi, Issam Fejraoui, Thamer Maghzaoui, Mouhieddine Cherbib, MouadhAhmadi, Abdallah Fajraoui, Mohamed Baldi, Radhouane Bouzayane, Makram Majdi,Othman Ben Othman, Mahmoud Helali, Mohsen Amidi, membres du mouvement <strong>de</strong>protestation sociale dans la région <strong>de</strong> Gafsa. M. Adnane Haji a fait l'objet d'un appel urgentenvoyé par le Rapporteur spécial sur l’indépendance <strong>de</strong>s juges et <strong>de</strong>s avocats, l’ancienRapporteur spécial sur la promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression,le Rapporteur spécial sur la torture, l'ancienne Représentante spéciale du Secrétaire généralconcernant la situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme et l’ancienne Vice-prési<strong>de</strong>nte duGroupe <strong>de</strong> Travail sur la détention arbitraire le 10 avril 2008.Selon les informations reçues:2206. Le 11 décembre 2008, la Chambre criminelle du Tribunal <strong>de</strong> première instance <strong>de</strong> Gafsaaurait retenu les charges <strong>de</strong> « participation à une entente criminelle en vue <strong>de</strong> commettre <strong>de</strong>sattentats contre les personnes et les biens, rébellion armée commise par plus <strong>de</strong> dix personnes ettroubles à l'ordre public » contre les 33 personnes précitées et les aurait condamnées à <strong>de</strong>s peinesallant <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux ans d’emprisonnement avec sursis à dix ans et un mois <strong>de</strong> prison ferme. Cinqautres personnes auraient été relaxées dans le cadre <strong>de</strong> ce procès.2207. Il est allégué que ces 33 personnes n’auraient pas bénéficié d’un procès juste et équitabledans la mesure où les droits <strong>de</strong> la défense n’auraient pas été respectés. En effet, la défensen’aurait pu présenter sa plaidoirie et les prévenus n’auraient été interrogés. Par ailleurs, le verdictaurait ignoré les éléments <strong>de</strong> l'ordonnance <strong>de</strong> clôture du juge d’instruction faisant mention <strong>de</strong>sstigmates physiques (traces <strong>de</strong> coups, hématomes) qu’il aurait constatés sur 10 <strong>de</strong>s 38 prévenus.2208. Les 33 personnes condamnées dans le cadre <strong>de</strong> cette affaire auraient interjeté appel etl’audience en appel se tiendrait <strong>de</strong>vant la Cour d’appel <strong>de</strong> Gafsa le 13 janvier 2009.2209. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que la condamnation en première instance <strong>de</strong>s33 personnes précitées soit liée à leurs activités non-violentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et protection <strong>de</strong>sdroits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. Des craintes sont également exprimées que les dysfonctionnements précitéslors du procès en première instance aient compromis le principe du droit à un procès équitable. Ilest à craindre que <strong>de</strong>s dysfonctionnements graves affectent également le bon déroulement duprocès en appel.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 356Réponse du Gouvernement2210. Le 31 mars 2009, le Gouvernement tunisien a répondu à la lettre d’allégations du 12janvier 2009. Le Gouvernement précise que les prévenus visés dans la communication ontconstitué une entente, sur fond <strong>de</strong> certains troubles enregistrés dans la région <strong>de</strong> Gafsa, afind’appeler à la désobéissance publique, transformant ainsi le mouvement <strong>de</strong> contestationpacifique en une véritable rébellion comme l’indique notamment la diffusion <strong>de</strong> tractsd’incitation à la commission d’actes d’agression et <strong>de</strong>s voies <strong>de</strong> fait contre les forces <strong>de</strong> l’ordre.Au cours <strong>de</strong> la manifestation, les agents ont été la cible <strong>de</strong> cocktails Molotov et <strong>de</strong> jets <strong>de</strong> pierreet les édifices publics et prives, les voitures et les vitrines <strong>de</strong> commerce ont subi <strong>de</strong>s dégâtsgraves. Un rapport détaillé <strong>de</strong> ces dommages, appuyé par <strong>de</strong>s expertises techniques et illustré par<strong>de</strong>s photos, est inclus dans le dossier <strong>de</strong> l’instruction.2211. Contrairement à ce qui est allégué, le tribunal <strong>de</strong> première instance <strong>de</strong> Gafsa a consignéles allégations <strong>de</strong> mauvais traitements présentés par les prévenus dans les procès-verbauxd’audience. Quant à l’examen <strong>de</strong>s allégations <strong>de</strong> mauvais traitements, toute la procédured’instruction a été soumise au contrôle <strong>de</strong> la Chambre d’accusation puis <strong>de</strong> la Cour <strong>de</strong> cassationet les autorités tunisiennes n’ont constaté aucun motif raisonnable laissant croire qu’un acte <strong>de</strong>mauvais traitement ait été commis. Le juge d’instruction a d’une part, constaté <strong>de</strong>s écorchures et<strong>de</strong> légers hématomes sur certains <strong>de</strong>s prévenus et d’autre part verser au dossier <strong>de</strong>s expertisesmédicales faisant état <strong>de</strong> blessures et <strong>de</strong> traces <strong>de</strong> violence à l’encontre <strong>de</strong> 7 agents <strong>de</strong> l’ordre.Des heurts entre manifestants violents et forces <strong>de</strong> l’ordre ne pouvaient pas ne pas laisser <strong>de</strong>straces physiques dans les <strong>de</strong>ux camps. La qualification <strong>de</strong> mauvais traitements ne pouvait êtreretenue dès lors que les écorchures et hématomes étaient dus aux affrontements que les prévenusont eux-mêmes provoqués.2212. La Cour <strong>de</strong> cassation a examiné et rejeté la requête tendant à l’annulation <strong>de</strong>s poursuitesau motif que les aveux <strong>de</strong>s prévenus auraient été extorqués sous la contrainte. La Cour <strong>de</strong>cassation a notamment conclu qu’ « aucun acte d’agression ne pouvait être imputé aux officiersen charge <strong>de</strong> l’enquête préliminaire ce qui est <strong>de</strong> nature à écarter toute contestation <strong>de</strong> légalitérelative aux actes accomplis par eux ».2213. Concernant le respect <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> la défense <strong>de</strong>s prévenus, les procédures d’instructionet <strong>de</strong> jugement se sont déroulées conformément à la législation en vigueur et dans le respect total<strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> la défense <strong>de</strong>s prévenus. Le procès <strong>de</strong>s prévenus s’est tenu publiquement enpremière instance <strong>de</strong>vant le tribunal <strong>de</strong> première instance <strong>de</strong> Gafsa. L’allégation selon laquelle« la défense n’aurait pas pu présenter sa plaidoirie et les prévenus n’auraient pas été interrogés »est une allégation dénuée <strong>de</strong> tout fon<strong>de</strong>ment. Des le début <strong>de</strong> l’audience, certains <strong>de</strong>s avocats <strong>de</strong>la défense ont affiché leur hostilité au respect <strong>de</strong> la procédure telle que prévue par la lois’opposant à la poursuite normale <strong>de</strong> l’examen du dossier et appelant leurs clients à refuser toutinterrogatoire. Appelés par le tribunal à présenter leurs plaidoiries afin que leurs <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>sformelles soient examinées en même temps que l’examen du dossier sur le fond, ces avocats s’ysont refusés. Le tribunal a dû alors renvoyer l’affaire en délibéré. Les prévenus condamnés ontinterjeté appel du jugement. Au cours <strong>de</strong> l’audience, la Cour a procédé à l’interrogatoire <strong>de</strong>sprévenus avant <strong>de</strong> donner la parole aux avocats qui ont présenté leurs moyens. La Cour a renduson verdict le 4 février 2009, revoyant à la baisse les peines prononcées à l’encontre <strong>de</strong> prévenus,non en état <strong>de</strong> fuite.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3572214. Les prévenus condamnés n’ont jamais été mis en cause pour <strong>de</strong>s faits en rapport avec <strong>de</strong>sactivités touchant à la défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme mais pour <strong>de</strong>s faits érigés en infraction parla loi ayant trait au port d’armes, fabrication <strong>de</strong> cocktails Molotov, agression <strong>de</strong>s agents <strong>de</strong>l’ordre et détérioration <strong>de</strong>s biens publics et privés. Aucun <strong>de</strong>s chefs <strong>de</strong> poursuite ne se rapporte à<strong>de</strong>s activités en rapport avec une quelconque participation à <strong>de</strong>s contestations pacifiques oudéfense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. La condamnation <strong>de</strong>s prévenus n’est donc pas en rapport avecune quelconque participation à <strong>de</strong>s contestations pacifiques ou défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme.La législation tunisienne et notamment la loi du 24 janvier 1969 réglemente les réunionspubliques, cortèges, défilés, manifestations et attroupements. Le régime institué par cette loi esttrès favorable à l’exercice <strong>de</strong> la liberté <strong>de</strong> réunion et <strong>de</strong> manifestation puisqu’il ne les soumet àaucune autorisation préalable. C’est dans ce cadre légal que plusieurs <strong>de</strong>s habitants <strong>de</strong> la région<strong>de</strong> Gafsa ont exercé leur liberté <strong>de</strong> manifester pacifiquement. Il est toutefois regrettable quecertains individus, dont les prévenus susvisés, se soient confondus au sein <strong>de</strong>s manifestants pourappeler à la désobéissance publique et porter atteinte aux personnes et aux biens. Dans ce cas, ily a violation <strong>de</strong> la loi pénale et non exercice <strong>de</strong> la liberté <strong>de</strong> réunion et <strong>de</strong> manifestation. A cetégard, il y a lieu <strong>de</strong> rappeler que la Constitution tunisienne et le Pacte inter<strong>national</strong> relatif auxdroits civils et politiques insistent sur le respect <strong>de</strong> la sécurité et l’ordre public lors <strong>de</strong> l’exercicedu droit <strong>de</strong> réunion et <strong>de</strong> contestation. L’article 21 du Pacte précise que le droit <strong>de</strong> réuniongaranti est le droit <strong>de</strong> réunion « pacifique ». Il est nécessaire <strong>de</strong> distinguer les activités <strong>de</strong> défense<strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme <strong>de</strong>s activités délictueuses qui portent atteinte à la sécurité <strong>de</strong>s personnes et<strong>de</strong>s biens. Etant justifiées par <strong>de</strong>s faits délictueux commis, les condamnations prononcées àl’encontre <strong>de</strong>s prévenus reconnus coupables ne violent donc aucun <strong>de</strong>s instrumentsinternationaux <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme.Lettre d’allégations2215. Le 26 juin 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale a envoyé une lettre d’allégations auGouvernement concernant l’annulation du 5ème Congrès <strong>de</strong> la Ligue Tunisienne <strong>de</strong>s Droits <strong>de</strong>l’Homme (LTDH) et l’invalidation <strong>de</strong>s instances et décisions en émanant. Selon lesinformations reçues :2216. Le 11 juin 2009, la Cour <strong>de</strong> cassation tunisienne aurait confirmé l’annulation du 5èmeCongrès <strong>de</strong> la LTDH tenu en octobre 2000 prononcée par les juridictions <strong>de</strong> première instance etd’appel, ainsi que l’invalidation <strong>de</strong>s instances et décisions qui en avaient émané. Le Comitédirecteur <strong>de</strong> la LTDH serait dans l’obligation <strong>de</strong> convoquer un nouveau congrès dans un délaid’un an.2217. La procédure en annulation du 5ème Congrès <strong>de</strong> la LTDH faisait suite à une plaintedéposée par quatre militants présentés comme proches du parti au pouvoir et qui escomptaientsiéger au sein <strong>de</strong>s instances dirigeantes <strong>de</strong> la LTDH. Comme ils n’avaient pas été élus, ils avaientalors contesté la légalité du congrès.2218. Des craintes sont exprimées que la confirmation par la Cour <strong>de</strong> cassation <strong>de</strong> l’annulationdu 5ème Congrès <strong>de</strong> la LTDH et l’invalidation <strong>de</strong>s instances et décisions en émanant soient liéesaux activités <strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme <strong>de</strong> la LTDH. Des craintes sont également


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 358exprimées quant au harcèlement judiciaire dont la LTDH et ses membres font l’objet <strong>de</strong>puis ces<strong>de</strong>rnières années.Réponse du Gouvernement2219. Le 5 novembre 2009, le Gouvernement tunisien a répondu à la lettre d’allégations du 26juin 2009. Le Gouvernement précise que l’arrêt rendu par la Cour <strong>de</strong> cassation tunisienne le 11juin 2009 constitue l’épilogue d’une action judiciaire opposant <strong>de</strong>s membres <strong>de</strong> la LTDH.L’objet du litige démontre qu’il ne s’agit nullement d’un harcèlement judiciaire <strong>de</strong> la LTDHmais plutôt <strong>de</strong> l’exercice par les membres <strong>de</strong> cette association <strong>de</strong> leur droit fondamental <strong>de</strong>recourir à la justice pour résoudre un différend né <strong>de</strong> leurs relations.2220. Contrairement aux allégations avancées dans la présente communication, le litige n’estnullement en rapport avec un soi-disant échec <strong>de</strong> certains militants dits « proches du parti aupouvoir » aux élections. Il a plutôt trait à la constatation <strong>de</strong> plusieurs violations <strong>de</strong>s statuts <strong>de</strong> laLTDH et <strong>de</strong> son règlement intérieur et notamment la composition irrégulière <strong>de</strong> l’Assembléegénérale élective et du Comité directeur <strong>de</strong> l’association. Après examen <strong>de</strong> l’ensemble <strong>de</strong>s griefsprésentés par les <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>urs et <strong>de</strong>s moyens <strong>de</strong> défense formulés par les défen<strong>de</strong>urs, le Tribunal<strong>de</strong> première instance <strong>de</strong> Tunis a décidé, par jugement du 12 février 2001, l’annulation <strong>de</strong>s actes<strong>de</strong> l’Assemblée générale élective, <strong>de</strong>s décisions y émanant et <strong>de</strong>s structures qui en sont issues enordonnant au Comité directeur qui présidait aux <strong>de</strong>stinées <strong>de</strong> la LTDH, la tenue d’une nouvelleAssemblée générale dans le respect <strong>de</strong>s statuts <strong>de</strong> la LTDH et <strong>de</strong> son règlement intérieur.2221. La Cour d’appel <strong>de</strong> Tunis a partiellement infirmé le jugement <strong>de</strong> première instance enconfiant l’organisation <strong>de</strong> la nouvelle Assemblée générale élective, non au Comité directeursortant, mais plutôt au Comité directeur issu du cinquième Congrès lui fixant, pour ce faire, undélai d’un an. Un recours en cassation a été intenté par la prési<strong>de</strong>nte du cinquième Congrèsélectif et le Comité directeur qui en est issu contestant la décision d’annulation. Un secondrecours été intenté par les militants <strong>de</strong> la LTDH, à l’origine <strong>de</strong> l’action en annulation, contestantla décision <strong>de</strong> confier l’organisation <strong>de</strong> la nouvelle Assemblée au Comité directeur issu <strong>de</strong>l’Assemblée annulée. La Cour <strong>de</strong> cassation a rejeté les <strong>de</strong>ux recours par un arrêt rendu le 11 juin2009.2222. L’annulation <strong>de</strong> la cinquième Assemblée générale élective <strong>de</strong> la LTDH a donc étéprononcée suite à un procès ayant opposé une partie <strong>de</strong> ses militants à la prési<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> laditeassemblée ainsi qu’au représentant légal <strong>de</strong> la LTDH. Ainsi les autorités tunisiennes exprimentellesleur vif étonnement <strong>de</strong> la qualification « d’harcèlement judiciaire » <strong>de</strong> l’exercice par <strong>de</strong>smilitants <strong>de</strong> la société civile <strong>de</strong> leur droit fondamental d’accès à la justice.2223. Concernant les bases légales <strong>de</strong> l’annulation <strong>de</strong> la cinquième Assemblée générale élective<strong>de</strong> la LTDH, cette décision est notamment fondée sur les éléments suivants :- Constatant qu’il n’y a aucun texte spécial réservant la compétence pour connaître <strong>de</strong>sactions en contestation <strong>de</strong> la validité <strong>de</strong>s Assemblées générales <strong>de</strong>s associations à unestructure ou juridiction autres que ledit tribunal, la Cour a déduit, en application <strong>de</strong>l’article 40 du Co<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> procédure civile et commerciale que la compétence <strong>de</strong>s tribunauxpour connaître <strong>de</strong> ce litige <strong>de</strong>meure entière rejetant ainsi le déclinatoire <strong>de</strong> compétenceformulé par le représentant légal <strong>de</strong> la LTDH ainsi que le prési<strong>de</strong>nte du cinquième


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 359Congrès qui avaient soutenu que les tribunaux sont incompétents pour connaître <strong>de</strong>slitiges opposant l’association à ses membres ;- Contrairement aux allégations <strong>de</strong>s défen<strong>de</strong>urs, les statuts <strong>de</strong> la LTDH ainsi que sonrèglement intérieur n’ont posé aucune restriction au droit <strong>de</strong>s membres <strong>de</strong> recourir à lajustice. Les juges ont constaté, à cet égard, qu’il n’y a aucune disposition qui obligeraitles membres <strong>de</strong> la LTDH à soumettre le litige à une Assemblée générale extraordinaireavant d’en référer aux tribunaux ;- Les conditions d’ester en justice, à savoir la qualité et l’intérêt <strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>urs à agir,sont remplies, conformément aux dispositions <strong>de</strong> l’article 19 du Co<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> procédure civileet commerciale ;- En réponse aux défen<strong>de</strong>urs qui ont estimé que les décisions et actes <strong>de</strong> l’Assembléegénérale ne peuvent être attaqués <strong>de</strong>vant la justice, les juges ont estimé que les actes <strong>de</strong>sassociations ne bénéficient pas d’une quelconque immunité et peuvent être soumises aucontrôle <strong>de</strong> la justice afin d’assurer leur régularité et le respect <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> la minorité<strong>de</strong>s adhérents face à d’éventuels abus <strong>de</strong> la majorité ;- La cour <strong>de</strong> cassation a noté que les défen<strong>de</strong>urs ont reconnu ne pas avoir procédé aurenouvellement <strong>de</strong>s Comités <strong>de</strong>s sections <strong>de</strong> la LTDH et que les cartes d’adhérents n’ontpas été distribuées. Il en est résulté un non renouvellement <strong>de</strong> la base électorale ce quientache l’Assemblée générale d’irrégularité. Cette solution a été fondée sur l’article 15 durèglement intérieur <strong>de</strong> la LTDH qui dispose notamment que l’Assemblée générale doitcomprendre les membres du Comité directeur, les membres <strong>de</strong>s Comités <strong>de</strong> sections et unreprésentant <strong>de</strong> chaque groupe <strong>de</strong> 50 adhérents élu par l’Assemblée générale <strong>de</strong>s sections ;- Le juges ont constaté le refus catégorique et obstiné <strong>de</strong> la prési<strong>de</strong>nte du Congrès ainsi quedu représentant légal <strong>de</strong> la LTDH <strong>de</strong> présenter à la justice les actes <strong>de</strong> l’Assembléecontestée afin d’examiner la régularité <strong>de</strong> ses travaux. Cette attitu<strong>de</strong> a justifié le recours<strong>de</strong>s juges à l’article 421 du Co<strong>de</strong> tunisien <strong>de</strong>s obligations et <strong>de</strong>s contrats. Il est donc clairque les défen<strong>de</strong>urs en refusant <strong>de</strong> présenter à la justice les documents relatifs au Congrèscontesté, se sont retranchés <strong>de</strong>rrière une attitu<strong>de</strong> négative qui constitue une véritableobstruction à la justice.Appel urgent2224. Le 30 juin 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécial surl’indépendance <strong>de</strong>s juges et <strong>de</strong>s avocats, le Rapporteur spécial sur la promotion et la protectiondu droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression et le Rapporteur spécial sur la torture et autrespeines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou dégradants, a envoyé un appel urgent concernant <strong>de</strong>sactes <strong>de</strong> harcèlement répétés contre un nombre <strong>de</strong> défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme tunisiens, ycompris Me Radia Nasraoui, prési<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> l'Association <strong>de</strong> lutte contre la torture en Tunisie,Me Raouf Ayadi, ancien Secrétaire général du Conseil <strong>national</strong> pour les libertés en Tunisie(CNLT), M. Hamma Hammami, mari <strong>de</strong> Me Nasraoui, Me Samir Dilou, avocat membre <strong>de</strong>l’Association inter<strong>national</strong>e <strong>de</strong> soutien aux prisonniers politiques, et Me Ab<strong>de</strong>lwahab Maatar.Me Nasraoui, Me Ayadi, M. Hamma Hammami et Me Dilou ont fait l’objet <strong>de</strong> nombreuses


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 360communications envoyées par les Procédures Spéciales <strong>de</strong>puis 2004. Selon les nouvellesinformations reçues :2225. Le 23 juin 2009, <strong>de</strong> retour <strong>de</strong> Genève, Me Nasraoui et Me Ayadi auraient été violemmentagressés par un groupe <strong>de</strong> policiers en civil à l’aéroport <strong>de</strong> Tunis-Carthage. Ceux-ci auraientsommés Me Nasraoui, Me Ayadi, ainsi que Me Dilou également présent, <strong>de</strong> les suivre dans unbureau afin d’effectuer une fouille corporelle. En l’absence <strong>de</strong> justification légale fournie par lespoliciers, Me Ayadi aurait refusé <strong>de</strong> se soumettre à cette fouille et aurait été roué <strong>de</strong> coups parquatre policiers, <strong>de</strong>vant les voyageurs présents. Ses vêtements auraient également été déchirés. Ilaurait ensuite été transporté <strong>de</strong> force dans une pièce isolée où il aurait à nouveau été battu ainsiqu’insulté, puis soumis à la fouille corporelle. Les documents professionnels contenus dans lesbagages <strong>de</strong>s trois avocats auraient été inspectés. Les documents <strong>de</strong> Me Dilou auraient égalementété aspergés d’un produit chimique afin <strong>de</strong> les rendre illisibles.2226. Au même moment, Me Nasroui, témoin <strong>de</strong> la scène, aurait appelé son mari, M.Hammami, qui l’attendait alors dans la zone d’arrivée. Un policier lui aurait tordu le bras afind’interrompre la conversation téléphonique et l’aurait jetée à terre et trainée jusqu’à un bureau oùelle aurait été fouillée. Son téléphone et son ordinateur portable auraient été jetés plus loin. MeNasraoui souffrirait <strong>de</strong> contusions au bras droit.2227. En quittant la zone <strong>de</strong> contrôle, Me Nasraoui et Me Ayadi auraient à nouveau insultés parles agents <strong>de</strong> la sécurité d’Etat <strong>de</strong> la force qui les escortaient. M. Hammami aurait été violentéalors qu’il protestait contre ce qui venait d’arriver. Un policier aurait porté un violent coup <strong>de</strong>pied à Me Ayadi, lui entaillant le genou.2228. Le même jour, Me Mataar aurait subi un traitement similaire à l’aéroport <strong>de</strong> Sfax, à sonretour <strong>de</strong> Paris. Il aurait également refusé <strong>de</strong> subir une fouille corporelle et aurait été détenupendant <strong>de</strong>ux heures. Un policier lui aurait donné un coup <strong>de</strong> poing au visage, brisant seslunettes.2229. Le 19 mai 2009, Me Nasraoui, <strong>de</strong> retour <strong>de</strong> Paris où elle avait été invitée à participer àune conférence organisée par <strong>de</strong>s candidats aux récentes élections européennes, aurait subi unefouille <strong>de</strong> ses affaires (valise et sacoche) avant <strong>de</strong> se voir intimer l’ordre d’obtempérer pour unefouille corporelle. Me Nasraoui s’y serait opposée et aurait alors été insultée et escortée jusqu’en<strong>de</strong>hors <strong>de</strong> l’aéroport.2230. De sérieuses craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que les mesures <strong>de</strong> fouilles corporellesrépétées et l’usage excessif <strong>de</strong> la force contre Me Nasraoui, Me Ayadi, Me Mataar, Me Dilou etM. Hammami soient liés à leurs activités légitimes et non-violentes <strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong>l’homme. Des craintes similaires sont exprimées quant au fait que ces nouveaux actess’inscrivent dans une campagne d’humiliation et d’intimidation à l’égard <strong>de</strong>s personnes précitées.2231. Par ailleurs, nous souhaitons attirer l’attention du Gouvernement <strong>de</strong> votre Excellence surle fait que Me Nasraoui et Me Mokhtar Trifi, Prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> la Ligue tunisienne pour la défense<strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme, se sont entretenus avec la Rapporteuse Spéciale sur la situation <strong>de</strong>sdéfenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme en Tunisie le 30 juin 2009 à Genève. Eu égard aux faitsprécités et du fait <strong>de</strong> leur retour imminent en Tunisie, nous souhaitons exprimer <strong>de</strong> vives craintespour l’intégrité physique et morale <strong>de</strong> Me Nasraoui et Me Trifi.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 361Lettre d’allégations2232. Le 15 juillet 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale a envoyé une lettre d’allégations auGouvernement concernant le refus d’octroyer un passeport à M. Mhamed Mestiri, étudiant enmaster d’économie à l’Université <strong>de</strong> Toulouse (France) et fils <strong>de</strong> Mme Sihem Bensedrine,journaliste, porte-parole et fondatrice du Conseil <strong>national</strong> pour les libertés en Tunisie, secrétairegénérale <strong>de</strong> l’Observatoire pour la liberté <strong>de</strong> presse et lauréate du Prix <strong>de</strong> la Paix 2008 décernépar la Fondation danoise pour la paix. Selon les informations reçues :2233. Le 15 juillet 2008, M. Mhamed Mestiri aurait effectué une <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> renouvellement<strong>de</strong> passeport auprès du consulat tunisien à Toulouse et une attestation portant la référence109/2008 lui aurait été délivrée. Il aurait alors été informé qu’il y aurait un délai d’attente d’unmois. Un mois plus tard, M. Mhamed Mestiri se serait enquis <strong>de</strong> l’avancée <strong>de</strong> la procédure et illui aurait été <strong>de</strong>mandé <strong>de</strong> recontacter le consulat <strong>de</strong>ux semaines plus tard, ce qu’il fit, en vain.Malgré plusieurs rappels, aucune réponse ne serait à ce jour parvenue à M. Mhamed Mestiri. Unan plus tard, M. Mhamed Mestiri n’aurait toujours pas reçu <strong>de</strong> passeport.2234. L’absence <strong>de</strong> passeport tunisien serait problématique pour M. Mhamed Mestiri àplusieurs niveaux. Tout d’abord, M. Mhamed Mestiri ne pourrait disposer d’un titre <strong>de</strong> séjourdéfinitif en France (NB : M. Mhamed Mestiri a pu obtenir une attestation provisoire <strong>de</strong> séjourpour régulariser sa situation en France). Par ailleurs, M. Mhamed Mestiri serait dansl’impossibilité d’effectuer un stage à l’étranger dans le cadre <strong>de</strong> ses étu<strong>de</strong>s universitaires. Hors,ce stage serait obligatoire et essentiel dans l’obtention <strong>de</strong> son diplôme.2235. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que le refus d’octroyer un passeport à M.Mhamed Mestiri soit lié aux activités légitimes <strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme <strong>de</strong> sa mère,Mme Sihem Bensedrine.Lettre d’allégations2236. Le 5 octobre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécial surla promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, le Rapporteur spécialsur la torture et autres peines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou dégradants, la Rapporteusespéciale sur l’indépendance <strong>de</strong>s juges et <strong>de</strong>s avocats, a envoyé une lettre d’allégations concernantla situation <strong>de</strong>s 38 membres du mouvement <strong>de</strong> protestation sociale dans la région <strong>de</strong> Gafsa,Fayçal Ben Ahmed Ben Hassan Ben Amor, Hafnaoui Ben Tahar Ben Othmane, Ali BenSoltane Ben Ibrahim Jedidi, Thameur Ben Amor Ben Younes Maghzaoui, Ridha Ben SalahBen Arbi Ezzeddini, Issam Ben Amor Ben Tayeb Fajraoui, Mouaadh Ben Nasser Ben SassiAhmadi, Ab<strong>de</strong>ssalem Ben Mohamed Ben Ali Helali, Mahmoud Ben Mohamed Imam BenMohamed Raddadi, Hedi Ben Amor Ben Ali Bouslahi, Abdallah Ben Soltane Ben AhmedFajraoui, Mohamed Ben Salah Ben Makki Al-Baldi, Tarek Ben Mohamed Salah BenBoubakeur Hlimi, Bechir Ben Mohamed Ben Othmane Abidi, A<strong>de</strong>l Ben Ali Ben SalahJayyar, Ismaïl Ben Ab<strong>de</strong>laziz Ben Farah Aljawhari, Lazhar Ben Ahmed Ben Ammar BenAb<strong>de</strong>lmalek, Moudhaffar Ben Bechir Ben Mohamed Abidi, Haroun Ben Mohamed SalahBen Boubakeur Hlimi, Taïeb Ben Ab<strong>de</strong>rrahmane Bellassoued Ben Othmane, BoubakeurBen Mohamed Al-Arbi Ben Boubakeur, Radhouane Ben Mohamed Ben AhmedBouzayyane, Makram Ben Houcine Ben Ali Majdi, Adnane Hajji, Sami Ben Mohamed BenTahar Ben Ahmed alias Sami Amaydi, Othman Ben AB<strong>de</strong>rrahman Bellassoued Ben


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 362Othman, Ghanem Ben Boujoumaâ Ben Naoui Chrayti, Mahmoud Ben Ali Ben MohamedHelali, Boujoumaa Ben Naoui Ben Ali Chrayti, Abid Ben Ahmed Ben Messaoud Khlayfi,Habib Ben Abbes Khedhir, Rachid Ben Salah Ben Ali Abdaoui, Hassaan Ben Taïeb BenMessaoud Ben Abdallah, Mohsen Ben Ahmed Ben Ali Aamaydi, Maher Ben Mohamed BenAmara Fajraoui, Ridha Ben Lazhari Ben Mohamed Aamaydi, Fahem Ben Kefi BenAmara Boukaddous et Mouhieddine Ben Amor Ben Mostapha Cherbib.Ce cas a fait l’objetd’un appel urgent envoyé par le Rapporteur spécial sur l’indépendance <strong>de</strong>s juges et <strong>de</strong>s avocats,l’ancien Rapporteur spécial sur la promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion etd’expression, le Rapporteur spécial sur la torture, l’ancienne Représentante spéciale duSecrétaire général concernant la situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme et l’ancienneVice-prési<strong>de</strong>nte du Groupe <strong>de</strong> Travail sur la détention arbitraire le 10 avril 2008. Une lettred’allégation a également été envoyée le 12 janvier 2009. Nous accusons réception <strong>de</strong>s réponsesdu gouvernement <strong>de</strong> votre Excellence aux communications precitées datées du 5 février et du 31mars 2009 respectivement. Selon les informations reçues :2237. Le 22 août 2009, la Cour <strong>de</strong> cassation <strong>de</strong> Tunis aurait rejeté le pourvoi en cassation <strong>de</strong>s38 membres précités du mouvement du bassin minier <strong>de</strong> Gafsa. Cette décision confirme lespeines prononcées en appel allant <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux à huit ans <strong>de</strong> prison ferme à l’encontre <strong>de</strong> cespersonnes pour « participation à une entente criminelle en vue <strong>de</strong> commettre <strong>de</strong>s attentats contreles personnes et les biens, rébellion armée commise par plus <strong>de</strong> dix personnes et troubles àl'ordre public ».2238. Il est allégué que ces personnes n’auraient pas bénéficié d’un procès juste et équitabledans la mesure où les droits <strong>de</strong> la défense n’auraient pas été respectés. Il est allégué que le 3février 2009, la Cour d’appel <strong>de</strong> Gafsa aurait rendu son jugement sans statuer sur les allégations<strong>de</strong> torture et les irrégularités du dossier soulevées par les avocats <strong>de</strong> la défense <strong>de</strong>puis le début duprocès. Par ailleurs, le Procureur n’aurait pas fait <strong>de</strong> réquisitoire.2239. Il est également allégué que 33 <strong>de</strong>s ces 38 condamnés seraient détenus dans <strong>de</strong>s centres<strong>de</strong> détention éloignés <strong>de</strong> leurs familles dont ils dépen<strong>de</strong>nt matériellement, les autres étant en fuite.2240. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que la condamnation <strong>de</strong>s 38 personnesprécitées soit liée à leurs activités non violentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong>l’homme. Des craintes sont également exprimées que les dysfonctionnements cités lors du procèsaient compromis le principe du droit à un procès équitable. Compte tenu <strong>de</strong>s allégations d’actes<strong>de</strong> torture formulées, <strong>de</strong>s craintes sont également exprimées quant à l’intégrité physique etmentale <strong>de</strong>s prisonniers.Réponse du Gouvernement2241. Le 25 janvier 2010, le Gouvernement tunisien a répondu à la lettre d’allégations du 5octobre 2010. Le Gouvernement précise que selon les éléments <strong>de</strong> l’instruction préparatoirediligentée par le procureur <strong>de</strong> la République <strong>de</strong> Gafsa, les prévenus vises dans la communicationont constitué une entente, sur fond <strong>de</strong> certains troubles enregistrés dans la région <strong>de</strong> Gafsa, sud<strong>de</strong> la Tunisie, afin d’appeler à la désobéissance publique, transformant ainsi le mouvement <strong>de</strong>contestation pacifique en une véritable rébellion comme l’indique notamment la diffusion <strong>de</strong>tracts d’incitation à la commission d’actes d’agression et <strong>de</strong>s voies <strong>de</strong> fait contre les forces <strong>de</strong>l’ordre.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3632242. Les prévenus avaient effectivement mis leur plan à exécution se mettant à la tête d’unemanifestation <strong>de</strong> plusieurs dizaines <strong>de</strong> personnes au cours <strong>de</strong> laquelle les agents <strong>de</strong> l’ordre publicétaient la cible <strong>de</strong> cocktails Molotov et <strong>de</strong> jets <strong>de</strong> pierre provoquant ainsi <strong>de</strong>s lésions corporellesà plusieurs d’entre eux. Les édifices publics et privés, voitures et vitrines <strong>de</strong> commerce n’ont pasété épargnés subissant également <strong>de</strong>s dégâts graves. Il s’en est suivi un état <strong>de</strong> panique parmi lespopulations <strong>de</strong> la région <strong>de</strong> Gafsa dont la sécurité était bel et bien menacée.2243. Dans le cadre <strong>de</strong> l’instruction préparatoire, le juge d’instruction en charge du dossier, aprocédé à plusieurs auditions et notamment celle <strong>de</strong> 7 agents <strong>de</strong> l’ordre ayant présenté chacun<strong>de</strong>s expertises médicales faisant état <strong>de</strong> blessures et <strong>de</strong> traces <strong>de</strong> violence occasionnées par <strong>de</strong>sjets <strong>de</strong> pierre et <strong>de</strong>s coups <strong>de</strong> bâton.2244. Par ailleurs, un rapport détaillé <strong>de</strong>s dommages aux édifices publics et privés, appuyé par<strong>de</strong>s expertises techniques et illustré par <strong>de</strong>s photos <strong>de</strong>s édifices saccagés, est inclus dans ledossier <strong>de</strong> l’instruction.2245. L’allégation selon laquelle la Cour d’appel <strong>de</strong> Gafsa avait rendu son jugement « sansstatuer sur les allégations <strong>de</strong> torture et les irrégularités du dossier soulevé par les avocats <strong>de</strong> ladéfense <strong>de</strong>puis le début du procès » est, en fait, une allégation dépourvue <strong>de</strong> tout fon<strong>de</strong>ment. Eneffet, la cour a consigné ces allégations dans les procès-verbaux d’audience.2246. Quant à l’examen <strong>de</strong>s allégations <strong>de</strong> mauvais traitements et d’irrégularité du dossier,toute la procédure d’instruction a été soumise au contrôle <strong>de</strong> la Chambre d’accusation puis <strong>de</strong> laCour <strong>de</strong> cassation, saisie sur pourvoi formé par certains <strong>de</strong>s prévenus contre l’arrêt <strong>de</strong> la chambred’accusation.2247. En réponse au grief tiré <strong>de</strong> la nullité <strong>de</strong>s poursuites au motif que les aveux <strong>de</strong>s prévenusaurait été extorqués sous la contrainte, la Cour <strong>de</strong> cassation a rejeté, par son arrêt du 15novembre 2008, ledit grief motivant son arrêt par le fait que les allégations <strong>de</strong>s prévenus« n’étaient reflétées dans aucune <strong>de</strong>s pièces du dossier dès lors que les traces d’écorchures et <strong>de</strong>légers hématomes, constatées sur certains d’entre eux, évoquaient plutôt qu’elles étaient causéespar l’affrontement <strong>de</strong>s prévenus aux forces <strong>de</strong> l’ordre et ne sont nullement en rapport avec lesofficiers <strong>de</strong> police judiciaire charges quant à eux <strong>de</strong> diligenter l’enquête » et à la Cour <strong>de</strong>cassation <strong>de</strong> conclure qu’ « aucun acte d’agression ne pouvait être imputé aux officiers encharge <strong>de</strong> l’enquête préliminaire ce qui est <strong>de</strong> nature à écarter toute contestation <strong>de</strong> légalitérelative aux actes par eux accomplis ».2248. Ainsi, l’allégation <strong>de</strong> mauvais traitements a été examinée et tranchée par la Cour <strong>de</strong>cassation, juridiction dotée du pouvoir <strong>de</strong> contrôler la régularité <strong>de</strong>s actes d’instruction, laquellea rendu une décision <strong>de</strong> rejet, passée en force <strong>de</strong> chose jugée sur ce grief. En outre l’affrontementviolent <strong>de</strong>s prévenus aux forces <strong>de</strong> l’ordre est certainement <strong>de</strong> nature à causer <strong>de</strong>s blessures aux<strong>de</strong>ux parties. C’est dans ce cadre que le juge d’instruction a, d’une part, constaté <strong>de</strong>s écorchureset <strong>de</strong> légers hématomes sur certains <strong>de</strong>s prévenus et a versé, d’autre part, au dossier <strong>de</strong>sexpertises médicales dont 7 agents <strong>de</strong> l’ordre étaient concernes, expertises faisant état <strong>de</strong>blessures et <strong>de</strong> traces <strong>de</strong> violence occasionnées par <strong>de</strong>s jets <strong>de</strong> pierre et <strong>de</strong>s coups <strong>de</strong> bâton. Laqualification « d’actes <strong>de</strong> mauvais traitements » ne pouvait être retenue pour les légersécorchures et hématomes <strong>de</strong>s lors qu’ils étaient dus aux affrontements que les prévenus ont eux-


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 364mêmes provoqués. Il est à préciser qu’aucun <strong>de</strong>s prévenus ou <strong>de</strong>s membres <strong>de</strong> leurs familles ou<strong>de</strong> leurs avocats n’a déposé <strong>de</strong> plainte indépendante pour mauvais traitements.2249. En l’espèce, les autorités tunisiennes n’ont constaté aucun motif raisonnable laissantcroire qu’un acte <strong>de</strong> mauvais traitement ait été commis. En l’espece, les autorités tunisiennesn’ont constate aucun « motif raisonnable » laissant croire qu’un acte <strong>de</strong> mauvais traitement aitété commis. En effet, chacun <strong>de</strong>s prévenus étaient en droit, durant sa gar<strong>de</strong> à vue, <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>r,conformément à l’article 13 bis du Co<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> procédure pénale, qu’il soit soumis à examenmédical. Cette possibilité appartient également aux membres <strong>de</strong> leurs familles qui peuvent<strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>r l’examen médical pour leurs proches même si ceux-ci ne l’ont pas fait. Un tel droit apour objectif <strong>de</strong> permettre aux détenus <strong>de</strong> faire constater les traces, physique ou psychologique,<strong>de</strong> mauvais traitements subis lors <strong>de</strong> la gar<strong>de</strong> à vue. Les procès-verbaux <strong>de</strong> la gar<strong>de</strong> à vue fontétat <strong>de</strong> l’information donnée aux prévenus <strong>de</strong> leur droit <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>r d’être soumis à un examenmédical, ceux-ci avaient déclaré ne pas en avoir besoin. En outre, aucun <strong>de</strong>s membres <strong>de</strong> leursfamilles n’avait présenté <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> dans ce sens ce qui révèle le caractère infondé <strong>de</strong>sallégations <strong>de</strong> mauvais traitements formulés par les prévenus.2250. Concernant le respect <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> la défense <strong>de</strong>s prévenus, les procédures d’instructionet <strong>de</strong> jugement se sont déroulées conformément à la législation en vigueur et dans le respect total<strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> la défense <strong>de</strong>s prévenus. En effet, Le Procureur <strong>de</strong> la République a étéimmédiatement avisé <strong>de</strong> l’enquête préliminaire et <strong>de</strong> la mesure <strong>de</strong> gar<strong>de</strong> a vue décidée al’encontre <strong>de</strong>s prévenus pour une pério<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> 3 jours conformément aux articles 11 et 13 bis duCo<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> procédure pénale. Une prolongation <strong>de</strong> 3 jours supplémentaires a été décidée parordonnance écrite et motivée du Procureur <strong>de</strong> la République pour certains prévenus, dictée parles besoins <strong>de</strong> l’enquête. L’enquête préliminaire menée par la police judiciaire a donc étéeffectuée en toute légalité sous le contrôle <strong>de</strong> la justice.2251. Dès clôture <strong>de</strong> l’enquête préliminaire, le procès verbal a été transmis au Ministère publicqui a décidé <strong>de</strong> la libération <strong>de</strong>s prévenus gardés à vue et ordonné un complément d’information.Une instruction préparatoire a été par la suite ordonnée par réquisitoire du Procureur <strong>de</strong> laRépublique en date du 20 juin 2008 aux fins d’instruire sur les faits reproches aux prévenus etprocé<strong>de</strong>r à tous les actes nécessaires à la manifestation <strong>de</strong> la vérité.2252. Apres accomplissement <strong>de</strong> tous les actes necessaires à la manifestation <strong>de</strong> la vérité, lejuge d’instruction a procédé à la clôture <strong>de</strong> l’information et a ordonné le renvoi <strong>de</strong>s prévenus<strong>de</strong>vant la Chambre d’accusation avec un exposé détaillé <strong>de</strong> la procédure et une liste complète <strong>de</strong>spièces saisies. L’ordonnance <strong>de</strong> renvoi <strong>de</strong>vant la Chambre d’accusation a été notifié à chacun <strong>de</strong>sprévenus qui ont décidé d’interjeter appel <strong>de</strong> l’ordonnance. La chambre d’accusation a rejeté lerecours en appel et renvoyé les trois prévenus <strong>de</strong>vant la juridiction compétente pour répondrenotamment <strong>de</strong>s chefs d’accusation suivants :- affiliation à une ban<strong>de</strong> et participation à une entente dans le but <strong>de</strong> préparer et <strong>de</strong>commettre un attentat contre les personnes et les propriétés (articles 131 et 132 du Co<strong>de</strong>pénal) ;- fourniture <strong>de</strong> lieux <strong>de</strong> réunion et <strong>de</strong> contribution pécuniaire aux membres d’une ban<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>malfaiteurs (article 133 du Co<strong>de</strong> pénal) ;


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 365- participation à une rébellion armée par plus <strong>de</strong> dix personnes au cours <strong>de</strong> laquelle <strong>de</strong>svoies <strong>de</strong> fait ont été exercées sur un fonctionnaire dans l’exercice <strong>de</strong> ses fonctions ;- Collecte <strong>de</strong> fonds sans autorisation (décret du 21 décembre 1944)- Dommage volontaire à la propriété d’autrui (article 304 du co<strong>de</strong> pénal).2253. Les prévenus se sont pourvus en cassation contre l’arrêt <strong>de</strong> la Chambre d’accusation. LaCour <strong>de</strong> cassation n’a décelé dans la procédure d’instruction aucune violation <strong>de</strong> la loi ouatteinte aux droits <strong>de</strong> la défense et a, par conséquent, décidé le rejet du pourvoi.2254. Le procès <strong>de</strong>s prévenus s’est tenu publiquement en première instance <strong>de</strong>vant le tribunal<strong>de</strong> première instance <strong>de</strong> Gafsa. Lors <strong>de</strong> cette audience, le tribunal a recueilli la constitution <strong>de</strong>savocats <strong>de</strong>s prévenus puis a donné suite à la <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> libération <strong>de</strong> huit d’entre eux et aurenvoi <strong>de</strong> l’affaire, sur <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>s avocats, à l’audience du 11 décembre 2008 pour leurpermettre <strong>de</strong> préparer leurs moyens <strong>de</strong> défense et poursuivre l’examen <strong>de</strong> l’affaire. La poursuite<strong>de</strong> l’examen <strong>de</strong> l’affaire <strong>de</strong>vait permettre, au tribunal, selon les termes <strong>de</strong> l’article 143 du Co<strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong> procédure pénale, après lecture <strong>de</strong> l’acte d’accusation, <strong>de</strong> procé<strong>de</strong>r à l’interrogatoire <strong>de</strong>sprévenus, <strong>de</strong> recueillir, le cas échéant, la constitution ainsi que les conclusions <strong>de</strong> la partie civilepour enfin permettre aux avocats <strong>de</strong> présenter leurs plaidoiries. Cependant, dès le début <strong>de</strong>l’audience, certains <strong>de</strong>s avocats <strong>de</strong> la défense ont affiché leur hostilité au respect <strong>de</strong> la procéduretelle que prévue par la loi s’opposant à la poursuite normale <strong>de</strong> l’examen du dossier et appelantleurs clients à refuser tout interrogatoire. Appelés par le tribunal à présenter leurs plaidoiries afinque leurs <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>s formelles soient examinées en même temps que l’examen du dossier sur lefond, ces avocats s’y sont refusés. Le tribunal a dû alors renvoyer l’affaire en délibéré.2255. Apres délibéré, le tribunal a rendu son verdict décidant <strong>de</strong> la relaxe <strong>de</strong> certains <strong>de</strong>sprévenus et condamnant les autres à <strong>de</strong>s peines allant <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux ans d’emprisonnement avec sursisà 10 ans et un mois d’emprisonnement ferme du chef d’entente criminelle portant atteinte auxpersonnes et aux biens et rébellion armée par plus <strong>de</strong> dix personnes au cours <strong>de</strong> laquelle <strong>de</strong>svoies <strong>de</strong> fait ont été exercées sur un fonctionnaire dans l’exercice <strong>de</strong> ses fonctions , jets <strong>de</strong>pierres sur les propriétés d’autrui et bruit et tapage <strong>de</strong> nature à troubler la tranquillité <strong>de</strong>shabitants.2256. Les prévenus condamnés ont interjeté appel du jugement. Au cours <strong>de</strong> l’audience du 3février 2009, la Cour a tout d’abord procédé à l’interrogatoire <strong>de</strong>s prévenus. L’allégation selonlaquelle le prési<strong>de</strong>nt <strong>de</strong> la séance aurait refusé <strong>de</strong> lire l’acte d’accusation est totalement infondée,l’accomplissement <strong>de</strong> cette formalité étant consigné dans le procès-verbal <strong>de</strong> l’audience. La Courd’appel a ensuite donné la parole aux avocats qui ont présenté leurs moyens. La Cour a renduson verdict le 4 février 2009, revoyant à la baisse les peines prononcées à l’encontre <strong>de</strong> prévenus,non en état <strong>de</strong> fuite.2257. Concernant les bases légales <strong>de</strong> l’arrêt <strong>de</strong> la Cour <strong>de</strong> cassation du 21 aout 2009, il y alieu <strong>de</strong> préciser que le rejet du pourvoi <strong>de</strong> Béchir Labidi s’explique par l’omission par l’intéresséd’accomplir les formalités nécessaires à la recevabilité en la forme du pourvoi en cassation.L’intéressé a en effet enfreint à une formalité obligatoire exigée par l’article 263 du Co<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>procédure pénale selon lequel l’auteur du pourvoi doit, a peine <strong>de</strong> déchéance, présenter au greffe<strong>de</strong> la Cour <strong>de</strong> cassation un mémoire indiquant les moyens du pourvoi et précisant les griefs à


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 366l’encontre <strong>de</strong> la décision attaquée. Les pourvois <strong>de</strong>s autres prévenus ont été en revanche déclarés,en vertu du même arrêt, recevables en la forme mais ont été rejetés quant au fond. La Cour <strong>de</strong>cassation s’est prononcée à <strong>de</strong>ux reprises et par <strong>de</strong>s formations différentes sur les allégations <strong>de</strong>mauvais traitements écartant à chaque fois ces allégations pour inexistence d’une quelconqueviolation <strong>de</strong> la Convention inter<strong>national</strong>e contre la torture et autres peines ou traitements cruels,inhumains ou dégradants.2258. Les prévenus condamnés n’ont jamais été mis en cause pour <strong>de</strong>s faits en rapport avec <strong>de</strong>sactivités touchant à la défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme mais pour <strong>de</strong>s faits érigés en infraction parla loi ayant trait au port d’armes, fabrication <strong>de</strong> cocktails Molotov, agression <strong>de</strong>s agents <strong>de</strong>l’ordre et détérioration <strong>de</strong>s biens publics et privés. Aucun <strong>de</strong>s chefs <strong>de</strong> poursuite ne se rapporte à<strong>de</strong>s activités en rapport avec une quelconque participation à <strong>de</strong>s contestations pacifiques oudéfense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme.2259. La condamnation <strong>de</strong>s prévenus n’est donc pas en rapport avec une quelconqueparticipation à <strong>de</strong>s contestations pacifiques ou défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. La législationtunisienne et notamment la loi du 24 janvier 1969 réglemente les réunions publiques, cortèges,défilés, manifestations et attroupements. Le régime institué par cette loi est très favorable àl’exercice <strong>de</strong> la liberté <strong>de</strong> réunion et <strong>de</strong> manifestation puisqu’il ne les soumet à aucuneautorisation préalable. C’est dans ce cadre légal que plusieurs <strong>de</strong>s habitants <strong>de</strong> la région <strong>de</strong> Gafsaont exercé leur liberté <strong>de</strong> manifester pacifiquement. Il est toutefois regrettable que certainsindividus, dont les prévenus susvisés, se soient confondus au sein <strong>de</strong>s manifestants pour appelerà la désobéissance publique et porter atteinte aux personnes et aux biens. Dans ce cas, il y aviolation <strong>de</strong> la loi pénale et non exercice <strong>de</strong> la liberté <strong>de</strong> réunion et <strong>de</strong> manifestation. A cet égard,il y a lieu <strong>de</strong> rappeler que la Constitution tunisienne et le Pacte inter<strong>national</strong> relatif aux droitscivils et politiques insistent sur le respect <strong>de</strong> la sécurité et l’ordre public lors <strong>de</strong> l’exercice dudroit <strong>de</strong> réunion et <strong>de</strong> contestation. L’article 21 du Pacte précise que le droit <strong>de</strong> réunion garantiest le droit <strong>de</strong> réunion « pacifique ». Il est nécessaire <strong>de</strong> distinguer les activités <strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong>sdroits <strong>de</strong> l’homme <strong>de</strong>s activités délictueuses qui portent atteinte à la sécurité <strong>de</strong>s personnes et <strong>de</strong>sbiens. Etant justifiées par <strong>de</strong>s faits délictueux commis, les condamnations prononcées àl’encontre <strong>de</strong>s prévenus reconnus coupables ne violent donc aucun <strong>de</strong>s instrumentsinternationaux <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme.2260. Concernant les conditions <strong>de</strong> détention <strong>de</strong>s prévenus, l’allégation selon laquelle lesprévenus condamnés « seraient détenus dans <strong>de</strong>s centres <strong>de</strong> détention éloignés <strong>de</strong> leurs famillesdont ils dépen<strong>de</strong>nt matériellement » mérite éclaircissement. En effet, l’administrationpénitentiaire veille a ce que les condamnes soient incarcérés dans les unités pénitentiaires lesplus proches <strong>de</strong>s lieux <strong>de</strong> rési<strong>de</strong>nce <strong>de</strong> leurs famille afin <strong>de</strong> leur faciliter l’exercice du droit <strong>de</strong>visite <strong>de</strong> leurs proches. Cependant, la prison <strong>de</strong> Gafsa, unité pénitentiaire la plus proche <strong>de</strong>s lieux<strong>de</strong> resi<strong>de</strong>nce <strong>de</strong>s familles <strong>de</strong>s condamnes n’offrant pas, à la date d’incarcération <strong>de</strong>s prévenus, <strong>de</strong>places libres pouvant les accueillir, ceux-ci on donc été places dans les unités pénitentiaires lesplus proches offrant <strong>de</strong>s disponibilités d’accueil. Le rapprochement <strong>de</strong>s prévenus incarcérés <strong>de</strong>slieux <strong>de</strong> rési<strong>de</strong>nce <strong>de</strong> leurs familles se fait par ordre <strong>de</strong> priorité selon les disponibilités, les placesétant prioritairement affectées aux détenus les plus anciens. L’impératif d’égalité s’opposeabsolument à ce que les prévenus visés dans la communication soient préférés à d’autres en lesplaçant prioritairement dans la prison <strong>de</strong> la ville <strong>de</strong> Gafsa.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3672261. Les condamnés incarcérés en vertu <strong>de</strong>s jugements rendus à leur encontre ont bénéficiéd’une mesure <strong>de</strong> libération conditionnelle et ont été remis en liberté le 4 novembre 2009. Cettelibération, accordée pour <strong>de</strong>s considérations humanitaires, trouve son fon<strong>de</strong>ment dans l’article353 du Co<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> procédure pénale selon lequel la libération conditionnelle peut être accordée « àtout condamné ayant à subir une ou plusieurs peines privatives <strong>de</strong> liberté qui aura témoigné <strong>de</strong>son amen<strong>de</strong>ment par sa conduite en détention ».Appel urgent2262. Le 5 novembre 2009, la Rapporteuse spéciale, conjointement avec le Rapporteur spécialsur la promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression et le Rapporteurspécial sur la torture et autres peines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou dégradants, a envoyé unappel urgent au Gouvernement sur la situation <strong>de</strong> MM. Taoufik Ben Brik, Slim Boukhdir etMouldi Zouabi. M. Ben Brik est journaliste et membre fondateur du Conseil <strong>national</strong> pour leslibertés en Tunisie (CNLT). M. Slim Boukhdir est le correspondant du journal panarabe Al QudsAl Arabi basé à Londres, du site Internet <strong>de</strong> la chaîne <strong>de</strong> télévision satellitaire Al-Arabiya, etmembre fondateur <strong>de</strong> l’association <strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong>s libertés Liberté et équité. M. Zouabi estjournaliste à Radio Kalima. M. Boukhdir a fait l'objet <strong>de</strong> communications envoyées par leRapporteur spécial sur la promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression,la Rapporteuse spéciale sur la situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme, le Rapporteurspécial sur l’indépendance <strong>de</strong>s juges et <strong>de</strong>s avocats et le Rapporteur spécial sur la torture le 6 juin2008, et par le Rapporteur spécial sur la promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinionet d’expression et le Rapporteur spécial sur l’indépendance <strong>de</strong>s juges et <strong>de</strong>s avocats le 10décembre 2007. Nous accusons réception <strong>de</strong> la réponse du Gouvernement <strong>de</strong> votre Excellencedatée du 1er février 2008. Selon les informations reçues :2263. Le 28 octobre 2009, M. Boukhdir aurait été enlevé <strong>de</strong>vant son domicile par un grouped’hommes en tenue civile. M. Boukhdir aurait reconnu l’un <strong>de</strong>s membres du groupe commeétant un policier. Les hommes lui auraient bandé les yeux avant <strong>de</strong> le forcer à les suivre vers une<strong>de</strong>stination inconnue. M. Boukhdir aurait ensuite été violemment battu, dépouillé <strong>de</strong> sontéléphone et <strong>de</strong> sa carte d’i<strong>de</strong>ntité, puis déshabillé avant d’être libéré. M. Boukhdir souffriraitd’une fracture du nez et <strong>de</strong> problèmes oculaires. Il est allégué que ce passage à tabac ferait suiteà une interview <strong>de</strong> M. Boukhdir par la British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) au sujet <strong>de</strong>sélections prési<strong>de</strong>ntielles et législatives du 25 octobre 2009.2264. Le même jour, <strong>de</strong>s inconnus auraient tenté <strong>de</strong> s’introduire chez M. Zouabi à plusieursreprises. La police, alertée par M. Zouabi, se serait rendue sur les lieux. Il est également alléguéque M. Zouabi serait suivi par la police <strong>de</strong>puis plusieurs jours.2265. Le 29 octobre 2009, M. Ben Brik aurait été écroué au centre <strong>de</strong> détention préventive <strong>de</strong>Bouchoucha, suite à sa convocation au commissariat. Cette arrestation ferait suite à une plaintedéposée par une femme affirmant s'être fait agressé par M. Ben Brik le 22 octobre 2009. Il estallégué que l'auteure <strong>de</strong> cette plainte aurait en fait interpellé M. Ben Brik en l’insultant avant <strong>de</strong>déchirer ses propres vêtements. M. Ben Brik, qui nierait tout acte <strong>de</strong> violence à l’encontre <strong>de</strong>cette femme, <strong>de</strong>vrait comparaître le 19 novembre 2009 <strong>de</strong>vant le Tribunal <strong>de</strong> première instance<strong>de</strong> Tunis pour « agression ». Le 2 Novembre 2009, le directeur et le sous-directeur <strong>de</strong> la prison<strong>de</strong> Mornaguia, près <strong>de</strong> Tunis, auraient empêché ses avocats <strong>de</strong> le rencontrer en dépit d'un bulletin<strong>de</strong> visite signé par le substitut du Procureur. Il est allégué que cette arrestation serait liée à la


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 368publication par M. Ben Brik d’articles sur les violations alléguées <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme qui seseraient multipliées dans le cadre <strong>de</strong> la campagne électorale.2266. Des craintes sont exprimées quant au fait que cette arrestation et ces inci<strong>de</strong>nts soient liésaux activités non violentes <strong>de</strong> promotion et <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme <strong>de</strong> MM. BenBrik, Boukhdir et Zouabi, et ce dans l’exercice <strong>de</strong> leur droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression.Compte tenu <strong>de</strong>s allégations d’actes <strong>de</strong> violences perpétrés à l’encontre <strong>de</strong> M. Boukhdir, <strong>de</strong>scraintes sont également exprimées quant à son intégrité physique et psychologique.Réponses du Gouvernement aux communications envoyées avant le 10 décembre 20082267. Le 4 février 2009, le Gouvernement a répondu à l’appel urgent envoyé 10 avril 2008 parla Représentante spéciale du Secrétaire général concernant la situation <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs <strong>de</strong>s droits<strong>de</strong> l'homme, le Rapporteur spécial sur l’indépendance <strong>de</strong>s juges et <strong>de</strong>s avocats, le Rapporteurspécial sur la promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression, leRapporteur spécial sur la torture et le Vice-prési<strong>de</strong>nte du Groupe <strong>de</strong> Travail sur la détentionarbitraire concernant la situation <strong>de</strong> MM. Adnane Haji, Foued Khenaissi, Taeïb BenOthmane et Boujomâa Chraïti.2268. Le Gouvernement souligne qu’aucune personne portant l’i<strong>de</strong>ntité <strong>de</strong> Foued Khenaissi nefait l’objet <strong>de</strong> poursuites judiciaires. S’agissant <strong>de</strong>s prévenus Adnane Haji, Taeïb Ben Othmaneet Boujemaa Chraïti, il convient <strong>de</strong> préciser que selon les éléments <strong>de</strong> l’instruction préparatoirediligentée par le Procureur <strong>de</strong> la République <strong>de</strong> Gafsa, une entente s’est constituée entre lesditsprévenus afin d’appeler à la désobéissance publique transformant ainsi le mouvement <strong>de</strong>contestation pacifique en une véritable rébellion comme l’indique notamment la diffusion <strong>de</strong>tracts d’incitation à la commission d’actes d’agression et <strong>de</strong>s voies <strong>de</strong> fait contre les forces <strong>de</strong>l’ordre. Les prévenus ont mis leur plan à exécution en se mettant à la tête d’une manifestation <strong>de</strong>plusieurs dizaines <strong>de</strong> personnes au cours <strong>de</strong> laquelle les agents <strong>de</strong> l’ordre public étaient la cible<strong>de</strong> cocktails Molotov et <strong>de</strong> jets <strong>de</strong> pierre provoquant ainsi <strong>de</strong>s lésions corporelles à plusieursd’entre eux. Les édifices publics et privés, voitures et vitrines <strong>de</strong> commerce n’ont pas étéépargnés subissant également <strong>de</strong>s dégâts graves. Il s’en est suivi un état <strong>de</strong> panique parmi lespopulations <strong>de</strong> la région <strong>de</strong> Gafsa dont la sécurité était bel et bien menacée.2269. Contrairement à ce qui est allégué, les prévenus n’ont subi en aucune manière <strong>de</strong> mauvaistraitements aussi bien lors <strong>de</strong> leur arrestation que pendant leur interrogatoire, par la policejudiciaire, sur les faits qui leur sont reprochés. Le Procureur <strong>de</strong> la République a étéimmédiatement avisé <strong>de</strong> l’enquête préliminaire et <strong>de</strong> la mesure <strong>de</strong> gar<strong>de</strong> a vue décidée al’encontre <strong>de</strong>s prévenus pour une pério<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> 3 jours conformément aux articles 11 et 13 bis duCo<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> procédure pénale. Une prolongation <strong>de</strong> 3 jours supplémentaires a été décidée parordonnance écrite et motivée du Procureur <strong>de</strong> la République pour certains prévenus, dictée parles besoins <strong>de</strong> l’enquête. L’enquête préliminaire menée par la police judiciaire a donc étéeffectuée en toute légalité sous le contrôle <strong>de</strong> la justice.2270. Dès clôture <strong>de</strong> l’enquête préliminaire, le procès verbal a été transmis au Ministère publicqui a décidé <strong>de</strong> la libération <strong>de</strong>s prévenus gardés à vue et ordonné un complément d’information.Une instruction préparatoire a été par la suite ordonnée par réquisitoire du Procureur <strong>de</strong> laRépublique en date du 20 juin 2008. Dans ce cadre, le juge d’instruction en charge du dossier aprocédé notamment à :


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 369- l’audition du représentant <strong>de</strong> la municipalité <strong>de</strong> Re<strong>de</strong>yef qui a déclaré que lesmanifestants ont gravement endommagé les biens communaux ;- l’audition <strong>de</strong> 7 agents <strong>de</strong> l’ordre ayant présenté chacun <strong>de</strong>s expertises médicales faisantétat <strong>de</strong> blessures et <strong>de</strong> traces <strong>de</strong> violence occasionnées par <strong>de</strong>s jets <strong>de</strong> pierre et <strong>de</strong>s coups<strong>de</strong> bâtons.2271. Le juge d’instruction a décidé, après interrogatoire <strong>de</strong>s prévenus en présence <strong>de</strong> leursavocats, en date du 23 juin 2008, <strong>de</strong> mettre en détention préventive Adnane Haji et Taeïb BenOthmane, mesure reconnue par l’article 85 du Co<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> procédure pénale. Boujemaa Chraïti a étémis en liberté provisoire. Le juge d’instruction a ordonné le renvoi <strong>de</strong>s prévenus <strong>de</strong>vant laChambre d’accusation avec un exposé détaillé <strong>de</strong> la procédure et une liste complète <strong>de</strong>s piècessaisies. L’ordonnance <strong>de</strong> renvoi <strong>de</strong>vant la Chambre d’accusation a été notifié à chacun <strong>de</strong>sprévenus qui ont décidé d’interjeter appel <strong>de</strong> l’ordonnance. La chambre d’accusation a rejeté lerecours en appel et renvoyé les trois prévenus <strong>de</strong>vant la juridiction compétente pour répondrenotamment <strong>de</strong>s chefs d’accusation suivants :- affiliation à une ban<strong>de</strong> et participation à une entente dans le but <strong>de</strong> préparer et <strong>de</strong>commettre un attentat contre les personnes et les propriétés (articles 131 et 132 du Co<strong>de</strong>pénal) ;- fourniture <strong>de</strong> lieux <strong>de</strong> réunion et <strong>de</strong> contribution pécuniaire aux membres d’une ban<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>malfaiteurs (article 133 du Co<strong>de</strong> pénal) ;- participation à une rébellion armée par plus <strong>de</strong> dix personnes au cours <strong>de</strong> laquelle <strong>de</strong>svoies <strong>de</strong> fait ont été exercées sur un fonctionnaire dans l’exercice <strong>de</strong> ses fonctions ;- Collecte <strong>de</strong> fonds sans autorisation (décret du 21 décembre 1944)- Dommage volontaire à la propriété d’autrui (article 304 du co<strong>de</strong> pénal).2272. Les prévenus se sont pourvus en cassation contre l’arrêt <strong>de</strong> la Chambre d’accusation. LaCour <strong>de</strong> cassation n’a décelé dans la procédure d’instruction aucune violation <strong>de</strong> la loi ouatteinte aux droits <strong>de</strong> la défense et a, par conséquent, décidé le rejet du pourvoi.2273. Les détenus Adnane Haji et Taeïb Ben Othmane jouissent, en prison, du droit <strong>de</strong> recevoirla visite <strong>de</strong> leurs avocats et <strong>de</strong>s membres <strong>de</strong> leurs familles, conformément à la réglementation envigueur et sans restriction aucune, A cet égard, il convient <strong>de</strong> rappeler que la loi du 14 mai 2001relative à l’organisation <strong>de</strong>s prisons consacre le droit <strong>de</strong> tout prévenu à recevoir la visite <strong>de</strong>l’avocat chargé <strong>de</strong> sa défense, sans la présence d’un agent <strong>de</strong> la prison ainsi que la visite <strong>de</strong>smembres <strong>de</strong> sa famille.2274. Le procès <strong>de</strong>s prévenus s’est tenu publiquement en première instance <strong>de</strong>vant le tribunal<strong>de</strong> première instance <strong>de</strong> Gafsa. Dès le début <strong>de</strong> l’audience, certains <strong>de</strong>s avocats <strong>de</strong> la défense ontaffiché leur hostilité au respect <strong>de</strong> la procédure telle que prévue par la loi s’opposant à lapoursuite normale <strong>de</strong> l’examen du dossier et appelant leurs clients à refuser tout interrogatoire.Appelés par le tribunal à présenter leurs plaidoiries afin que leurs <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>s formelles soientexaminées en même temps que l’examen du dossier sur le fond, ces avocats s’y sont refusés. Letribunal a dû alors renvoyer l’affaire en délibéré. Le tribunal a rendu son verdict décidant <strong>de</strong> la


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 370relaxe <strong>de</strong> 5 <strong>de</strong>s prévenus et condamnant les autres à <strong>de</strong>s peines allant <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ux ansd’emprisonnement avec sursis, à 10 ans et un mois d’emprisonnement ferme.2275. Aucun <strong>de</strong>s prévenus n’a jamais fait l’objet <strong>de</strong> torture ou <strong>de</strong> mauvais traitements ou n’adéposé plainte pour mauvais traitements. D’ailleurs Adnane Haji a déclaré au juge d’instructionn’avoir subi aucun mauvais traitement lors <strong>de</strong> son arrestation. Les procès-verbaux <strong>de</strong> la gar<strong>de</strong> àvue font état <strong>de</strong> l’information donnée aux prévenus <strong>de</strong> leur droit <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>r d’être soumis à unexamen médical, ceux-ci avaient déclaré ne pas en avoir besoin. En outre, aucun <strong>de</strong>s membres <strong>de</strong>leurs familles n’avait présenté <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> dans ce sens. Ce qui révèle le caractère infondé <strong>de</strong>sallégations <strong>de</strong> mauvais traitements formulées par les prévenus. Cela dit, les prévenus ont étésoumis à un examen médical lors <strong>de</strong> leur première admission, sur mandat <strong>de</strong> dépôt du Procureur<strong>de</strong> la République, au sein <strong>de</strong> l’unité pénitentiaire. Cet examen n’a fait que confirmer l’absence <strong>de</strong>toutes traces <strong>de</strong> violence, physique ou psychologique, en relation avec un soi-disant un mauvaistraitement qu’ils auraient subi.2276. Les prévenus condamnés n’ont jamais été mis en cause pour <strong>de</strong>s faits en rapport avec <strong>de</strong>sactivités touchant à la défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme mais pour <strong>de</strong>s faits érigés en infraction parla loi ayant trait au port d’armes, fabrication <strong>de</strong> cocktails Molotov, agression <strong>de</strong>s agents <strong>de</strong>l’ordre et détérioration <strong>de</strong>s biens publics et privés. Aucun <strong>de</strong>s chefs <strong>de</strong> poursuite ne se rapporte à<strong>de</strong>s activités en rapport avec une quelconque participation à <strong>de</strong>s contestations pacifiques oudéfense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme. L’arrestation <strong>de</strong>s prévenus n’a donc aucun rapport avec unequelconque participation à <strong>de</strong>s contestations pacifiques ou défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme.2277. La loi du 24 janvier 1969 réglemente les réunions publiques, cortèges, défilés,manifestations et attroupements. C’est dans ce cadre légal que plusieurs <strong>de</strong>s habitants <strong>de</strong> larégion <strong>de</strong> Gafsa ont exercé leur liberté <strong>de</strong> manifester pacifiquement. Il est toutefois regrettableque certains individus, dont les prévenus susvisés, se soient confondus au sein <strong>de</strong>s manifestantspour appeler à la désobéissance publique et porter atteinte aux personnes et aux biens. Dans cecas, il y a violation <strong>de</strong> la loi pénale et non exercice <strong>de</strong> la liberté <strong>de</strong> réunion et <strong>de</strong> manifestation. Acet égard, il y a lieu <strong>de</strong> rappeler que la Constitution tunisienne et le Pacte inter<strong>national</strong> relatif auxdroits civils et politiques insistent sur le respect <strong>de</strong> la sécurité et l’ordre public lors <strong>de</strong> l’exercicedu droit <strong>de</strong> réunion et <strong>de</strong> contestation. L’article 21 du Pacte précise que le droit <strong>de</strong> réuniongaranti est le droit <strong>de</strong> réunion « pacifique ». Il est nécessaire <strong>de</strong> distinguer les activités <strong>de</strong> défense<strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme <strong>de</strong>s activités délictueuses qui portent atteinte à la sécurité <strong>de</strong>s personnes et<strong>de</strong>s biens. Etant justifiées par <strong>de</strong>s faits délictueux commis, les condamnations prononcées àl’encontre <strong>de</strong>s prévenus reconnus coupables ne violent donc aucun <strong>de</strong>s instrumentsinternationaux <strong>de</strong> protection <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme.2278. Le 22 juin 2009, le Gouvernement a répondu à une lettre d’allégations envoyée le 22 août2008 par la Rapporteuse spéciale et le Rapporteur spécial sur la promotion et la protection dudroit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression concernant la situation <strong>de</strong> Mme Sihem Bensedrine. LeGouvernement précise que Mme Bensedrine a déposé, en date du 2 septembre 2008, une plainteau parquet du tribunal <strong>de</strong> première instance <strong>de</strong> Tunis faisant état d’allégations relatives à uneagression qu’elle aurait subie le 19 août 2008, alors qu’elle embarquait sur le vol Tunis-Vienne.2279. Afin <strong>de</strong> faire toute la lumière sur cette affaire, le Procureur <strong>de</strong> la République a cité MmeBensedrine à comparaître afin <strong>de</strong> recueillir ses déclarations et en dresser procès-verbal. A la suite<strong>de</strong> son audition par le Substitut du Procureur <strong>de</strong> la République le 9 octobre 2008, le Procureur <strong>de</strong>


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 371la République a décidé la poursuite <strong>de</strong> l’enquête dans le but d’i<strong>de</strong>ntifier les agents <strong>de</strong> l’ordrevisés par la plaignante, recueillir leurs déclarations et procé<strong>de</strong>r à tous les actes nécessaires à lamanifestation <strong>de</strong> la vérité. Le substitut du Procureur <strong>de</strong> la République chargé <strong>de</strong> l’enquête arecueilli les déclarations <strong>de</strong> l’agent <strong>de</strong> police <strong>de</strong>s frontières qui avait contrôlé le passeport <strong>de</strong>Mme Bensedrine à la date <strong>de</strong>s faits allégués, d’un autre agent <strong>de</strong> police en exercice à la date <strong>de</strong>sfaits à la zone <strong>de</strong> départ <strong>de</strong> l’aéroport <strong>de</strong> Tunis-Carthage et <strong>de</strong> l’agent <strong>de</strong>s douanes responsabledu point <strong>de</strong> contrôle douanier à l’aéroport et visé par la plainte. Les trois agents ont affirmé quela plaignante avait accompli toutes les formalités <strong>de</strong> départ et avait passé le contrôle douanierpour gagner les salles d’embarquement sans qu’ils ne constatent le moindre inci<strong>de</strong>nt. MmeBensedrine était cependant retournée quelque temps après au point <strong>de</strong> contrôle douanier pourfaire part <strong>de</strong> son intention d’annuler son voyage en raison <strong>de</strong> circonstances familiales imprévues.L’agent <strong>de</strong>s douanes l’avait alors accompagnée au point <strong>de</strong> contrôle <strong>de</strong> police <strong>de</strong>s frontières oùelle avait pu accomplir les formalités d’annulation <strong>de</strong> son départ sans aucun inci<strong>de</strong>nt.2280. Au vu <strong>de</strong> ses éléments, le Procureur <strong>de</strong> la République a décidé du classement sans suite<strong>de</strong> la plainte <strong>de</strong> Mme Bensedrine dès lors que l’enquête judiciaire n’a abouti à aucun élémentcorroborant les allégations <strong>de</strong> la plaignante. Il convient <strong>de</strong> rappeler à cet égard que l’article 30 duCo<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> procédure pénale dispose que le « Procureur <strong>de</strong> la République apprécie la suite à donneraux plaintes et dénonciations qu’il reçoit ou qui lui sont transmises ». La décision <strong>de</strong> classementsans suite trouve son fon<strong>de</strong>ment dans les principales justifications suivantes :- Allégations contredites par les témoignages : le classement sans suite <strong>de</strong> la plainte <strong>de</strong>Mme Bensedrine s’imposait dès lors que ses allégations ont été démenties par l’agent <strong>de</strong>sdouanes responsable du contrôle douanier ainsi que par les témoins entendus dansl’enquête.- Carences constatées dans l’attitu<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> la plaignante : Mme Bensedrine n’avait présentéaucun certificat médical susceptible d’établir qu’elle avait effectivement été victime d’uneagression physique ou morale. En s’abstenant <strong>de</strong> se soumettre à examen médical, laplaignante a démontré le manque <strong>de</strong> sérieux <strong>de</strong> sa plainte.- Contradictions dans les allégations <strong>de</strong> la plaignante : le caractère infondé <strong>de</strong> la plaintedécoule également <strong>de</strong> la façon avec laquelle Mme Bensedrine a présenté les faits. Elle a eneffet prétendu, lors <strong>de</strong> son audition, qu’elle avait par <strong>de</strong>ux fois refusé d’obtempérer àl’invitation <strong>de</strong>s autorités. Un tel refus, si la version <strong>de</strong> la plaignante était vraie, aurait faitl’objet d’un procès-verbal et <strong>de</strong>s poursuites pénales auraient été exercées contre elle pourrefus d’obtempérer aux contrôles douaniers conformément à l’article 51 du Co<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sdouanes qui incrimine toute opposition aux agents <strong>de</strong>s douanes lors <strong>de</strong> l’exercice <strong>de</strong> leursfonctions. La consultation <strong>de</strong>s registres du Greffe du parquet <strong>de</strong> Tunis relève qu’aucunedénonciation <strong>de</strong> cet ordre n’avait été enregistrée, le 19 août 2008, à l’encontre <strong>de</strong> laplaignante. C’est donc un fait que Mme Bensedrine avait pu regagner normalement sondomicile après l’annulation, à sa <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>, <strong>de</strong> son visa <strong>de</strong> sortie.2281. Ces considérations permettent <strong>de</strong> prouver que le report du voyage <strong>de</strong> l’intéressée, le 19août 2008, n’était dû qu’à <strong>de</strong>s considérations qui lui sont personnelles et n’avaient absolumentrien à voir avec un quelconque refus <strong>de</strong> sa part <strong>de</strong> se soumettre au contrôle douanier.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3722282. Il convient <strong>de</strong> signaler l’attitu<strong>de</strong> agressive et querelleuse <strong>de</strong> Mme Bensedrine qui ne cessed’inventer toutes sortes d’histoires pour faire croire qu’elle est harcelée par les autorités <strong>de</strong> sonpays et <strong>de</strong> rappeler dans ce cadre, les allégations <strong>de</strong> l’intéressée objet <strong>de</strong> l’appel urgent du 6janvier 2009, dans lequel elle se prétendait victime d’une campagne <strong>de</strong> déstabilisation alors qu’ilne s’agissait, en réalité, que d’une querelle entre l’intéressée et l’un <strong>de</strong> ses anciens collaborateurs.Cet exemple ajouté aux allégations objet <strong>de</strong> la présente communication démontrent clairementque Mme Bensedrine ne recule <strong>de</strong>vant aucune manœuvre dans le but <strong>de</strong> porter atteinte à laréputation <strong>de</strong> son pays et n’hésite pas créer <strong>de</strong>s histoires cousues <strong>de</strong> toutes pièces.2283. Le 23 février 2009, le Gouvernement a répondu à une lettre d’allégations envoyée le 4novembre 2008 par la Rapporteuse spéciale et le Rapporteur spécial sur la promotion et laprotection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression concernant la situation <strong>de</strong> Mme NazihaRjiba.2284. Le Gouvernement précise que selon les informations recueillies, le journal« Mouwatinoun » a publié, dans son édition N°77 du 22 octobre 2008, un article intitulé « ils ontfrappé Kalima » signé du pseudonyme « Om Zied ». Ledit article est émaillé <strong>de</strong> proposfallacieux et injurieux <strong>de</strong>stinés à véhiculer <strong>de</strong> fausses nouvelles <strong>de</strong> nature à troubler l’ordrepublic.2285. Les propos susvisés tombent sous le coup <strong>de</strong> l’article 73 du Co<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> la presse qui disposeque « le Ministre <strong>de</strong> l’Intérieur pourra, après avis du secrétaire d’Etat auprès du Premier ministrechargé <strong>de</strong> l’information et sans préjudice <strong>de</strong>s sanctions pénales prévues par les textes en vigueur,ordonner la saisie <strong>de</strong> tout numéro d’un périodique dont la publication serait <strong>de</strong> nature à troublerl’ordre public ». L’application <strong>de</strong>s dispositions <strong>de</strong> cet article a été rendu nécessaire au vu,notamment, <strong>de</strong>s circonstances suivantes : l’imputation à l’Etat <strong>de</strong> la prétendue attaque, qui auraitvisé le site <strong>de</strong> « Kalima » est une allégation dénuée <strong>de</strong> tout fon<strong>de</strong>ment. Une telle accusation estd’autant plus grave qu’elle ne s’appuie sur aucun élément <strong>de</strong> preuve. La diffusion par voie <strong>de</strong>presse <strong>de</strong> telles allégations mensongères est un acte totalement inadmissible <strong>de</strong> nature à troublerl’ordre public. La crédibilité qui doit comman<strong>de</strong>r à toute activité <strong>de</strong> presse s’opposefondamentalement à la diffusion <strong>de</strong> telles nouvelles avant la vérification <strong>de</strong> leur véracité.2286. Au vu <strong>de</strong> ces éléments, le Ministre <strong>de</strong> l’Intérieur a décidé, conformément à l’article 73 duCo<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> la presse, la saisie du numéro « Mouwatinoun ». Le ministère public a décidé, parailleurs, <strong>de</strong> procé<strong>de</strong>r à l’audition <strong>de</strong> l’auteur <strong>de</strong> l’article <strong>de</strong> presse susvisé ainsi que le directeurdu journal ayant décidé sa publication. L’instruction a révélé que le pseudonyme « Om Zied »appartient à Mme Rjiba qui a été convoquée ainsi que le directeur du journal susvisé au parquetafin <strong>de</strong> recueillir leurs déclarations. Les poursuites pénales à l’encontre <strong>de</strong> Mme Rjiba trouventleur base légale dans les articles 49, 50 et 54 du Co<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> la presse.2287. En conséquence, la convocation par le parquet <strong>de</strong> Mme Rjiba n’est nullement en rapportavec l’exercice d’une quelconque liberté d’expression ou avec <strong>de</strong>s activités touchant <strong>de</strong> près ou<strong>de</strong> loin à la défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’Homme. Elle se justifie par <strong>de</strong>s faits érigés en infraction par laloi ayant trait à la diffusion <strong>de</strong> fausses nouvelles susceptibles <strong>de</strong> troubler l’ordre public outre lespropos diffamatoires et injurieux dont elle fait usage. Il convient à cet égard <strong>de</strong> souligner que laliberté d’expression est, en droit tunisien, un principe fondamental consacré par l’article 8 <strong>de</strong> laConstitution tunisienne et son exercice par voie <strong>de</strong> presse est organisé par le Co<strong>de</strong> la presse.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3732288. Il y a lieu <strong>de</strong> souligner la nécessité <strong>de</strong> distinguer entre activités <strong>de</strong> défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong>l’homme et activités délictueuses portant atteinte à la crédibilité <strong>de</strong>s institutions <strong>de</strong> l’Etat etvisant à troubler l’ordre public. La défense <strong>de</strong>s droits <strong>de</strong> l’homme ne peut constituer un alibi pourcommettre <strong>de</strong>s faits pénalement répréhensibles et ceux qui se ren<strong>de</strong>nt coupables <strong>de</strong> tels faits nepeuvent qu’être traduits en justice en application du principe <strong>de</strong> l’égalité <strong>de</strong> tous <strong>de</strong>vant la loi.2289. La liberté <strong>de</strong> presse protégée et garantie par le Pacte inter<strong>national</strong> relatif aux droits civilset politiques est la liberté <strong>de</strong> la presse responsable qui veille à la crédibilité <strong>de</strong>s informationsqu’elle véhicule et se défend d’être un instrument d’injures, <strong>de</strong> propagation <strong>de</strong> mensonges et <strong>de</strong>fausses informations. C’est ce qui explique les gar<strong>de</strong>-fous posés par l’alinéa 2-b <strong>de</strong> l’article 19du Pacte qui a pour but d’éviter que la liberté <strong>de</strong> la presse ne soit un alibi pour troubler l’ordrepublic. S’inspirant directement <strong>de</strong> cette disposition du Pacte, les articles 49, 50 et 54 du Co<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>la presse ont interdit la publication <strong>de</strong> fausses nouvelles susceptibles <strong>de</strong> troubler l’ordre public, ladiffamation et l’injure. Le droit tunisien n’a fait, donc, que reproduire et appliquer unedisposition du Pacte visant à préserver, auprès du public, la crédibilité <strong>de</strong> la presse.Observations2290. La Rapporteuse spéciale remercie le Gouvernement pour ses réponses, mais regrette, aumoment <strong>de</strong> la finalisation du présent rapport, l’absence <strong>de</strong> réponse aux communications en datedu 24 novembre 2006, 4 mai 2007, 2 novembre 2007, 14 janvier, 6 mars, 6 juin et 7 août 2008,du 30 juin 2009, du 15 juillet 2009 et du 5 novembre 2009. Elle exhorte le Gouvernement àrépondre au plus vite aux craintes exprimées dans celles-ci, notamment en fournissant <strong>de</strong>sinformations précises sur les enquêtes menées afin <strong>de</strong> traduire en justice les auteurs <strong>de</strong>s faits etles mesures <strong>de</strong> protection prises pour assurer l’intégrité physique et mentale <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs. Elleconsidère les réponses à ses communications comme partie intégrante <strong>de</strong> la coopération <strong>de</strong>sgouvernements avec son mandat.2291. La Rapporteuse spéciale <strong>de</strong>meure préoccupée au sujet <strong>de</strong> la campagne d’intimidation àl’encontre <strong>de</strong>s défenseurs précités et <strong>de</strong> leur intégrité physique et psychologique.La Rapporteusespéciale <strong>de</strong>meure également préoccupée par les restrictions imposées aux libertés <strong>de</strong> réunion etd’association et rappelle au Gouvernement que l’article 5 dispose qu’ « afin <strong>de</strong> promouvoir etprotéger les droits <strong>de</strong> l'homme et les libertés fondamentales, chacun a le droit, individuellementou en association avec d’autres, aux niveaux <strong>national</strong> et inter<strong>national</strong> : a) De se réunir et <strong>de</strong> serassembler pacifiquement ; b) De former <strong>de</strong>s organisations, associations ou groupes nongouvernementaux,<strong>de</strong> s’y affilier et d’y participer ; c) De communiquer avec <strong>de</strong>s organisationsnongouvernementales ou intergouvernementales ».2292. La Rapporteuse spéciale espère que le Gouvernement répondra favorablement à sa<strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> visite formulée en novembre 2008 –et renouvelée en janvier 2010- afin <strong>de</strong> renforcerle dialogue avec les autorités.Urgent appealTurkey2293. On 15 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 374judges and lawyers, and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rightsand fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism , sent an urgent appeal regarding Mr.Hasan Anlar, Deputy Secretary <strong>General</strong> of the Turkish Human Rights Association (InsanHaklari Dernegi - IHD) and member of the IHD Commission of Prisons, Ms. Filiz Kalayci,member of the IHD Executive Committee and of the IHD Commission of Prisons, Mr. HalilIbrahim Vargün, former treasurer of the IHD, and Mr. Murat Vargün, all four human rightslawyers by profession.2294. According to the information received, on 12 May 2009, the offices and homes of Mr.Hasan Anlar, Ms. Filiz Kalayci, Mr. Halil Ibrahim Vargün and Mr. Murat Vargün in Ankarawere searched by officers of the Anti-Terror Unit of the police on the basis of a search warrantand a <strong>de</strong>tention or<strong>de</strong>r against the four lawyers. They were arrested and placed in police custodyat the <strong>de</strong>tention centre of the Anti-Terror Forces Unit.2295. The exact terms of the <strong>de</strong>tention or<strong>de</strong>r are not known as their lawyers have not beenpermitted access to the police investigation files, which is in accordance with the Turkish Co<strong>de</strong>of Criminal Procedure. However, it is known that charges against the four lawyers inclu<strong>de</strong> thecriminal offence of “aiding an illegal organization”. They are to be presented before theProsecutor’s Office within four days.2296. On 6 February 2009, the IHD published a report on human rights violations in prisons ofTurkey. The report was shared with the Turkish authorities. In addition, the four lawyers hadbeen working on cases of human rights violations that occurred in <strong>de</strong>tention. As a consequencethey frequently receive complaint letters from prison inmates.2297. Concerns were expressed that the arrests and <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Hasan Anlar, Ms. FilizKalayci, Mr. Halil Ibrahim Vargün and Mr. Murat Vargün have solely been carried out inconnection with their activities in the <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, especially in the <strong>de</strong>fence ofprisoners’ rights.Response from the Government2298. In a letter dated 16 July 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on15 May 2009 as follows. During recent counter-terrorism operations the law enforcementofficials found some evi<strong>de</strong>nces that led to a reasonable suspicion suggesting that Hasan Anlar,Filiz Kalavyci, Halil Ibrahim Vargün and Murat Vargün, members of the Turkish Human RightsAssociation might be involved in the activities of a terrorist organization. Therefore, theDirectorate for Security in Ankara requested from the competent court an authorization for asearch warrant in connection with an ongoing investigation No. 2007/181.2299. After consi<strong>de</strong>ration of the information submitted to it that set forth grounds for a“probable cause” to obtain evi<strong>de</strong>nce of a criminal activity, the 11th Heavy Penal Court ofAnkaraauthorized the law enforcement authorities (with its <strong>de</strong>cision No. 2009/460 D. Is, dated11. 05. 2009) to search the offices and resi<strong>de</strong>nces of Hasan Anlar, Filiz Kalavyci, Halil IbrahimVargün and Murat Vargün.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3752300. On 12 May 2009, the searches were conducted according to the terms and conditions ofthe warrant authorized by the court and in the presence of a lawyer instructed by the Chief PublicProsecutor and Ankara Bar Association.2301. The relevant information, documents and data storage <strong>de</strong>vices were seized as authorizedun<strong>de</strong>r the warrant. Since some of these materials were claimed to be protected un<strong>de</strong>r attorneyclientprivilege, they were separately registered in witness of those who were present during thesearch. They were later put in the evi<strong>de</strong>nce bags, sealed and signed by the suspects and lawyerwith a non-erasable pen. The materials seized during the search were sent to the Office of theChief Public Prosecutor of Ankara to be submitted to the court for its consi<strong>de</strong>ration.2302. The afore-mentioned persons were <strong>de</strong>tained upon the <strong>de</strong>cision of the Chief PublicProsecutor No. 2007/181. Halil Ibrahim Vargün, Murat Vargün and Hasan Anlar were <strong>de</strong>tainedfor a total of two days and released on 15 May 2009 after they were heard by the court. Whereas,Filiz Kalayci was released on 15 May 2009, upon a hearing before the court. However, the courtimposed a restriction of their freedom to travel abroad.2303. On 27 May 2009 Filiz Kalayci was arrested following the <strong>de</strong>cision of the 11th HeavyPenal Court of Ankara dated 25 May 2009 and No. 2009/491.2304. All stages of the investigation have been carried out in accordance with the proceduresprescribed by law and un<strong>de</strong>r the instructions of the Chief Public Prosecutor. The searches werecarried out in the presence of lawyers. The information, documents and materials seized pursuantto the search warrant were submitted to the Court.2305. The Directorate for Security of Ankara received no information suggesting that acomplaint has been lodged by or on behalf of the afore-mentioned persons. No administrative orother judicial inquiry has been launched in connection with the above-mentioned inci<strong>de</strong>nts otherthan the ongoing investigation commenced by the Office of the Chief Public Prosecutor ofAnkara against the four suspects.2306. In the course of these proceedings the suspects were provi<strong>de</strong>d with the opportunity to<strong>de</strong>fend themselves by 19 lawyers. According to the registries of the meetings held with their<strong>de</strong>fence lawyers, the suspects had access to lawyers of their choice at every stage of theinvestigation.2307. The 11th Heavy Penal Court of Ankara placed some restrictions on access toinvestigation files by the <strong>de</strong>fence lawyers since the investigation is at a critical stage wheredisclosure of certain information is likely to endanger its purposes. Nevertheless, even un<strong>de</strong>rcertain courts restrictions the <strong>de</strong>fence lawyers are allowed access to main documents such asexpert witness reports, minutes of the statements by the suspects, all documents concerning rhejudicial proceedings in which the suspects have been present un<strong>de</strong>r Article 153/3 of the CriminalProcedure Act.2308. The investigation has been initiated solely on the basis of their suspected involvement incriminal activities of a terrorist organization. It should be un<strong>de</strong>rlined that these proceedings haveno connection with neither the reports issued by the Human Rights Association nor anylegitimate activities carried out in the <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 376Letter of allegations2309. On 27 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, sent a letter ofallegations to the Government concerning Mr. Camal Bektas, Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Yakay-<strong>de</strong>r, anassociation which assists relatives of disappeared persons. His brother is allegedly a victim ofenforced disappearances.2310. According to information received, on 11 August 2009, Mr. Bektas was reportedlysentenced to one year of imprisonment for “<strong>de</strong>faming the army’s reputation” and “spreadingpropaganda against the State” after he <strong>de</strong>nounced the existence of mass graves in Turkey andaccused the army of blocking access to several mass graves during a conference organised byYakay-<strong>de</strong>r in July 2008. He was also charged with a fine of 5.5 Turkish Lira (three euros) and isnow ineligible to run for electoral and administrative offices in Turkey. Reports claim that hecannot appeal the sentence. He is now reportedly abroad, but fears for his physical integrity uponhis return to Turkey where he will be imprisoned.2311. Moreover, a criminal investigation on Mr. Bektas was reportedly opened in June 2009 inrelation to statements he ma<strong>de</strong> between February and June 2009, asking for the opening of amass grave located in Van, a military area in Eastern Turkey. Should he be prosecuted, heallegedly risks being sentenced to a prison term of four to five years.2312. Concern was expressed that Mr. Bektas has been sentenced to imprisonment forexercising his right to freedom of opinion and expression in connection with his peaceful andlegitimate activities in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights.Observations2313. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government for the <strong>de</strong>tailed responseprovi<strong>de</strong>d to her communication of 15 May 2009, but regrets that at the time the present reportwas finalized, no response had been transmitted to her communication of 27 August 2009.Urgent appealUganda2314. On 30 April 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal regarding the physical attacks against Mr. David Kato and Mr. Julian “Pepe” Onziema,both members of Sexual Minorities Uganda (SMUG) and the media campaign against humanrights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs who work with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgen<strong>de</strong>r and intersex (LGBTI) humanrights organisations, including the Chairperson of SMUG, Mr. Frank Mugisha. SMUG is acoalition of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgen<strong>de</strong>r and Intersex (LGBTI) human rightsorganizations that advocates on behalf of Uganda’s LGBTI people and on HIV/AIDS issues inUganda. The Special Rapporteur and the then Special Representative on the protection of humanrights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs previously sent communications concerning SMUG on 12 August 2008 and 30November 2007 respectively.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3772315. According to the information received, on 19 April 2009, the newspaper Sunday Pepperpublished an article, self-<strong>de</strong>scribed as a 'killer dossier', listing the names of several human rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and other LGBTI people. The article contained pictures, names, physical <strong>de</strong>scriptions,<strong>de</strong>tails about their profession and resi<strong>de</strong>nce, and negative stereotyping and accusations of“spreading the gay and lesbian vice in schools”. As it had announced, the Sunday Pepperpublished a follow up report on 26 April containing new names of LGBTI people as well aspictures of SMUG members including the Chairperson of SMUG, Mr. Frank Mugisha.2316. On 23 April, the Family Life Network (FLN) presented a public petition to the UgandanParliament requesting new laws providing harsher punishment for homosexuality. The FLN hastaken the lead in organising an anti-LGBT campaign and fomenting anti-LGBTI sentiments. Thiscampaign, which TV, radio and printed media echoed, is fostering a climate of strong hostilityand is encouraging attacks against LGBTI <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs.2317. On 12 April, Mr. David Kato and Mr. Julian “Pepe” Onziema, whose names and pictureswere published on several occasions in the media, were physically attacked in two separateinci<strong>de</strong>nts in Kampala.2318. According to reports received, the Ugandan authorities are allegedly contributing to theclimate of hostility against LGBTI <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs through repeated <strong>de</strong>famatory statements both to themedia and Parliament. On 2 April, the Government owned newspaper New Vision reportedcomments ma<strong>de</strong> by Minister of Ethics and Integrity, James Nsaba Buturo, who stated that<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs working on sexual orientation and gen<strong>de</strong>r i<strong>de</strong>ntity, being self-confessed LGBTI people,should be investigated and punished.2319. LGBTI <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs have reportedly been the subject of an increased level of harassmentand threats in recent weeks including <strong>de</strong>ath threats. It is feared that such a smear campaign willfurther incite hatred and violence against human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and members of the LGBTIcommunity.2320. Concern was expressed that the physical attacks on Mr. David Kato and Mr. Julian“Pepe” Onziema and the media harassment of Mr. Frank Mugisha and other members of theLGBTI community might be related to their peaceful activities in <strong>de</strong>fence of LGBTI rights.Urgent appeal2321. On 13 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the SpecialRapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, sent an urgent appealregarding the <strong>de</strong>ath threats against Ms. Eugenie Mihigo Vumiliya and Mr. Aaron KamondoBemba. Ms. Eugenie Mihigo Vumiliya is the Executive Director of The Women for Dignity andDevelopment Foundation (WODIDEF), whose mission is to better refugee women and girls livesthrough inter<strong>national</strong> human rights standards, advocating on their behalf. Mr. Aaron KamondoBemba is the Chairperson and Chief of Research for WODIDEF, and is originally from theDemocratic Republic of the Congo. In Uganda, since October 2008, WODIDEF has un<strong>de</strong>rtakenactivities and research on sexual and gen<strong>de</strong>r-based violence against refugee women. WODIDEFrecently submitted a report to the African Commission for Human and Peoples Rights, which


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 378called on the Government of Uganda to address the issues raised in the presentation of its thirdperiodic report.2322. According to the information received, on 10 April 2009, Mr. Kamondo Bemba wasreportedly <strong>de</strong>nied access to the confi<strong>de</strong>ntial email of WODIDEF, <strong>de</strong>spite only he and Ms.Mihigo Vumiliya having access. Later that day, he received a call from an uni<strong>de</strong>ntified man whoasked about his whereabouts. When Mr. Kamondo Bemba spoke in French, the man hung up. Hereceived two further calls and, fearing for his safety, did not answer, and <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d to change histelephone number. When WODIDEF staff members called the number from which Mr.Kamondo Bemba received the anonymous calls, a male voice allegedly announced that thatnumber belonged to the Security Unit located in Bukoto.2323. On 14 April, Ms. Mihigo Vumiliya allegedly received an anonymous call threatening herfor passing false information to the inter<strong>national</strong> community that criticizes the Government ofUganda and its criminal justice system. She was told she was un<strong>de</strong>r security watch, and that shewould not escape.2324. On 15 April, Ms. Mihigo Vumiliya reportedly sensed being followed while returning toher home from the premises of the Refugee Law Project where she works. She noticed three menthat she had seen earlier that day outsi<strong>de</strong> the Refugee Law Project at Makerere University. Shetook evasive action but eventually returned to the office of the Refugee Law Project as the mencontinued to follow her. Fearing that she would be followed home once more, she spent the nightin hiding in another home.2325. On 20 April, members of WODIDEF allegedly discovered that their office had beenbroken into, and two computers had been stolen. These computers are said to have containedconfi<strong>de</strong>ntial information concerning the situation of refugee women in Uganda, information usedin WODIDEF reports to the inter<strong>national</strong> community.2326. On 3 May, Mr. Kamondo Bemba received an anonymous call on his new phone number.A male voice reportedly told him to return to his country and warned him that for his security heshould stop carrying out human rights activities in Uganda. The male voice then issued a <strong>de</strong>aththreat.2327. On 8 May, Mr. Kamondo Bemba received another anonymous phone call, reiterating thethreats expressed earlier.2328. Ms. Eugenie Mihigo Vumiliya and Mr. Aaron Kamondo Bemba are reported to becurrently in hiding out of fear for their safety.2329. Concern was expressed regarding the physical and psychological integrity of Ms.Eugenie Mihigo Vumiliya and Mr. Aaron Kamondo Bemba. Further concern was expressed thatthe acts of harassment and intimidation against the aforementioned persons might be related totheir activities <strong>de</strong>fending human rights, in particular their publication of information concerningthe rights of refugees in Uganda.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 379Urgent appeal2330. On 3 June 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairman-Rapporteur of theWorking Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the SpecialRapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, sent an urgent appealregarding the enforced disappearance of Mr. Aaron Kamondo Bemba. Mr. Aaron KamondoBemba is the Chairperson and Chief of Research for The Women for Dignity and DevelopmentFoundation (WODIDEF), and is originally from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Themission of WODIDEF is to better refugee women and girls lives through inter<strong>national</strong> humanrights standards, advocating on their behalf. According to the new information received:2331. On 31 May 2009, at approximately 10:00 pm, three uni<strong>de</strong>ntified men wearing civilianclothing and carrying guns entered the house where Mr. Aaron Kamondo Bemba was stayingwith his two brothers. The men reportedly pointed their guns at Mr. Bemba’s head and or<strong>de</strong>redhim to leave his home, threatening to shoot him if he ma<strong>de</strong> any noise. The three men allegedlysaid nothing that would indicate their motive for abducting Mr. Bemba. The men then took Mr.Bemba to an unknown place and his whereabouts remain unknown. On 1 June 2009, MrBemba’s abduction was reported to the local police who are reported to be currentlyinvestigating this case.2332. Concern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity of Mr. AaronKamondo Bemba. Further concern was expressed that the abduction of Mr. Bemba might belinked to the previous threats received by Mr. Bemba and that these acts of intimidation may berelated to his activities <strong>de</strong>fending human rights, in particular their publication of informationconcerning the rights of refugees in Uganda.Observations2333. The Special Rapporteur regrets that at the time of finalizing the present report, theGovernment had not transmitted a reply to her communications of 3 June 2009, 13 May 2009, 30April 2009, 22 September 2008, 12 August 2008, 30 November 2007 and 5 August 2005. Sheconsi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications an important part of the cooperation of Governmentswith her mandate. She urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her, andprovi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken to prosecute the perpetrators aswell as protective measures taken to ensure the physical and mental integrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs andtheir families.2334. The Special Rapporteur remains concerned about the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rsadvocating for the rights of women as well as lesbian, gay, bisexual and trangen<strong>de</strong>r people inUganda, and urges the Government of Uganda to create a safe environment conducive to theirlegitimate work.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 380UkraineUrgent appeal2335. On 11 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotionand protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appealto the Government regarding the attempted assassination of Mr. Vitaly Salnikov and theongoing intimidation and threats against him and his family. Mr. Salnikov is the principal ofthe government subsidized school, Children’s Sports School N7, in Kiev. He has been activelyinvolved in the protection of children’s rights, protesting against alleged attempts by localpoliticians and businessmen to sell or use the recreational area on the Truhkanov Island in thecentre of Kiev, which is the only area left for children from low-income families to play.2336. According to information received, on 23 July 2009, Mr. Salnikov was seriously injuredwhen a bomb explo<strong>de</strong>d as he opened the front door of his home in Kiev. He was subsequentlyrushed to hospital in a critical condition where he continues to un<strong>de</strong>rgo multiple operations.2337. Following the assassination attempt, the police warned that they cannot guarantee thesafety of the Salnikov family reportedly due to recent cuts in funding.2338. The Salnikov family has been the subject of threats and intimidation for several years, tothe point where Mr. Salnikov and his wife eventually <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d to send their three children awayfor their protection. Although the threats were reported to the police, no action was taken by theauthorities in relation to the matter. The local <strong>de</strong>partment of education has also repeatedly triedto discharge Mr. Salnikov from his position as principal of Children’s Sports School N7.2339. Concern was expressed that the attempted assassination of Mr. Salnikov and the ongoingintimidation and threats against him and his family are directly related to his peaceful andlegitimate activities in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights, in particular his work to protect the recreationalarea for children from low in-come families, on Truhkanov Island.Response form the Government2340. In a letter dated 8 September 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d ot the communication senton 11 August 2009 as follows.2341. On 23 July 2009, an unknown person placed an explosive <strong>de</strong>vice next to Apartment 71,27 Donets Street, Kiev. The explosive <strong>de</strong>vice was activated at 9.10 a.m., as a result of which Mr.Salnikov received injuries in the form of “multiple shrapnel wounds to his extremities, a first<strong>de</strong>greeopen fracture of the right heel bone and a first-<strong>de</strong>gree open fracture of the left metatarsal”.2342. The same day, the investigation <strong>de</strong>partment of the Solomensk district branch of theMinistry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine in Kiev initiated criminal proceedings on the basis ofevi<strong>de</strong>nce of an offence un<strong>de</strong>r article 15, paragraph 2 (Attempted offence), and article 115,paragraph 2 (5) (Premeditated killing in a manner calculated to cause multiple <strong>de</strong>aths), of theCriminal Co<strong>de</strong> of Ukraine.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3812343. The case was assigned to the investigation <strong>de</strong>partment of the Kiev branch of the Ministryof Internal Affairs. The investigation of the criminal case also inclu<strong>de</strong>s investigations into threatsagainst Mr. Salnikov ma<strong>de</strong> on 19 November 2008.2344. The pretrial investigation continues and essential inquiries are un<strong>de</strong>r way to establish thei<strong>de</strong>ntity of the perpetrators. The progress of the investigation is being supervised by the maininvestigation <strong>de</strong>partment of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.2345. It should be noted that, in accordance with article 121 of the Co<strong>de</strong> of Criminal Procedure(Inadmissibility of divulging <strong>de</strong>tails of a pretrial investigation), we are unable to provi<strong>de</strong> more<strong>de</strong>tailed information.2346. On 23 July 2009, in the course of examination, Ms. S.I. Salnikova submitted a writtenrequest to the investigator that her husband, Mr. Salnikov, should be provi<strong>de</strong>d with security. Thiswas granted by the investigator the same day. From 24 July 2009, security for Mr. Salnikov wasprovi<strong>de</strong>d by members of the special Grifon militia unit. Ms. Salnikova refused security measuresfor herself or her children.2347. The legal regulation of freedom of belief and freedom of expression as aspects of the lifeof society is contained primarily in the Constitution of Ukraine, the Information Act, the PrintedMass Media (Press) Act, the Television and Radio Act, the National Television and BroadcastingCouncil of Ukraine Act, the State Support of Mass Media and Social Protection of JournalistsAct, the Coverage of Activities of Central and Local Government Bodies by Mass Media inUkraine (Procedures) Act and the Information Agencies Act.2348. Article 34 of the Constitution of Ukraine provi<strong>de</strong>s that everyone is guaranteed the right tofreedom of thought and speech and to the free expression of his or her views and beliefs.Everyone has the right freely to collect, store, use or disseminate information orally, in writing,or in any other way of his or her choice.2349. The exercise of these rights may be restricted by law in the interests of <strong>national</strong> security,territorial integrity or public or<strong>de</strong>r, with a view to preventing disor<strong>de</strong>r or crime, protecting publichealth, <strong>de</strong>fending the reputation or rights of others, preventing the publication of informationreceived confi<strong>de</strong>ntially and supporting the authority and impartiality of justice.2350. Article 15, paragraph 3, states that censorship is prohibited. Un<strong>de</strong>r article 9 of theInformation Act, all Ukrainian citizens, legal persons and State bodies have the right toinformation. This entails the possibility freely to receive, use, disseminate and store theinformation that they need in or<strong>de</strong>r to exercise their rights, freedoms and lawful interests and toperform their tasks and functions. The exercise by citizens, legal persons or the State of the rightto information must not infringe the public, political, economic, social, spiritual, environmentalor other rights, freedoms and lawful interests of other citizens or the rights or interests of legalpersons. Every citizen is guaranteed free access to information regarding him or herpersonally, except in cases provi<strong>de</strong>d for by the laws of Ukraine.2351. Article 10 of the Act establishes guarantees of the right to information, which is based on:the obligation of State bodies and local or regional government bodies to provi<strong>de</strong> information ontheir activities and <strong>de</strong>cisions; the creation within State bodies of special information services or


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 382systems that are in a position to provi<strong>de</strong> access to information according to the establishedprocedure; free access by public relation bodies to statistical data, archives, libraries and museumholdings, the restriction on such access being <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt on the values involved and the specialstorage conditions required, which are <strong>de</strong>termined by law; the <strong>de</strong>velopment of a mechanism forthe implementation of the right to information; the establishment of State supervision over theobservance of legislation on information; and the establishment of responsibility for breaches oflegislation on information.2352. Un<strong>de</strong>r article 45 of the Act, the right to information is protected by law. The Stateguarantees all information stakehol<strong>de</strong>rs equal rights to and opportunities for access toinformation. No one may restrict a person’s right to a choice of forms or sources of information,except in cases provi<strong>de</strong>d for by law. A legal person having the right to information may requirethe removal of any impediments to this right.2353. Article 45–1 of the Act prohibits censorship whereby the media, journalists, editors,organizations responsible for a mass information outlet or its foun<strong>de</strong>r, proprietor, publisher ordistributor are required to obtain prior clearance for the dissemination of information, exceptwhere required by the author of the information concerned or any other hol<strong>de</strong>r of copyrightand/or related rights, or whereby a restriction or any other impediment is imposed, except in theform of a court injunction, on the reproduction or distribution of information by central or localgovernment bodies or their officials.2354. The Act prohibits any interference with the professional work of journalists in any waynot provi<strong>de</strong>d for un<strong>de</strong>r Ukrainian law or by an agreement between the foun<strong>de</strong>r or proprietor andthe staff of a media outlet. It also prohibits any attempt to control the content of information bythe foun<strong>de</strong>r or proprietor of a media outlet or by central or local government bodies or theirofficials, in particular where the aim is to apply coercive measures to prevent or promote thedissemination of specific information, to suppress information of public importance, to prohibitthe <strong>de</strong>piction of individuals or the dissemination of information about them or to prohibitcriticism of central or local government bodies or their officials.2355. The establishment of any State authority, institution or position of responsibility with thepower to exercise control over the content of information disseminated by the media isprohibited.2356. Article 2 of the Printed Mass Media (Press) Act states that freedom of speech and the freeexpression in print of one’s opinions or beliefs are guaranteed un<strong>de</strong>r the Constitution of Ukraineand, according to the terms of the Act, connote the right of every citizen freely andin<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ntly to seek, receive, record, store, use or disseminate any information that is openun<strong>de</strong>r the access regime through the press. Any request for prior clearance of information ormaterials distributed by the press, or any ban on the distribution of information or materials byofficials of State bodies, enterprises, institutions, organizations or civil associations shall beprohibited, except where the official in question is the author of the relevant information or thesubject of the relevant interview.2357. The State guarantees the economic in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of the press, provi<strong>de</strong>s economic supportfor press activities and takes action to prevent the abuse of a monopoly position on the market bythe publishers and distributors of a printed product. Measures providing for economic support for


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 383the activities of the press, and the State bodies responsible for such support, are <strong>de</strong>termined bythe Cabinet of Ministers.2358. Article 2 of the Information Agencies Act provi<strong>de</strong>s that information agencies havefreedom of activity guaranteed un<strong>de</strong>r the Constitution and Ukrainian legislation. The censorshipof information disseminated by information agencies is prohibited.2359. It should be further noted that, in accordance with Presi<strong>de</strong>ntial Decree No. 39, of 20January 2006, on the plan of action for meeting the commitments and obligations arising out ofUkraine’s membership of the Council of Europe and Presi<strong>de</strong>ntial Decree No. 377, of 23 April2008, on the <strong>de</strong>cision of the National Security and Defence Council of Ukraine, of 21 March2008, concerning urgent measures to ensure the information security of Ukraine, the Ministry ofJustice has prepared a bill on the reform of print media un<strong>de</strong>r State or community ownership.The purpose of the bill is to reform the print media set up by central or local government bodies.It will help to establish a legal basis for the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt activity of the press, paying due regardto the provisions of Resolution 1466 (2005) of the Parliamentary <strong>Assembly</strong> of the Council ofEurope, entitled “Honouring of obligations and commitments by Ukraine”, of 5 October 2005.The bill aims to reduce the opportunities for manipulating public opinion and the personalopinions of Ukrainians through the press, to strengthen and improve legal guarantees of freedomof expression and to protect the press from control or monopolization by State bodies. The billwas submitted to the Cabinet of Ministers in a communication from the Ministry of Justice on 30June 2009 and registered as No. 4302–1–4–09–21. The adoption of the bill will contribute to theestablishment of an economically in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt press and the creation of an in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>ntenvironment for its activities. This will help to improve the quality of information provi<strong>de</strong>d tothe people of Ukraine.Observations2360. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government for the <strong>de</strong>tailed responseprovi<strong>de</strong>d for her communication of 11 August 2009.Urgent appealUzbekistan2361. On 24 April 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and the SpecialRapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, sent an urgent appeal to theGovernment regarding Ms Elena Urlaeva, a member of the Human Rights Alliance ofUzbekistan.2362. Ms Urlaeva was the subject of an urgent appeal sent by the then Special Representativeof the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 25 January 2007; anurgent appeal sent by the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes andconsequences and the then Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation ofhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 4 April 2006; and an urgent appeal sent by the then SpecialRepresentative of the Secretary <strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, theChairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 384on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion andprotection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression and the Special Rapporteur on thequestion of torture on 6 September 2005.2363. According to the information received, on 15 April 2009, at approximately 9:00 am, MsUrlaeva was assaulted and threatened by two unknown young men dressed in black and wearingsunglasses outsi<strong>de</strong> her home in Tashkent, as she was leaving her home with her son. The twomen kicked her and punched her in the head and chest, and cut her leather jacket with knives.Her five-year old son witnessed the attack. Ms Urlaeva was diagnosed with contusions on herhead and chest, and high blood pressure. She filed a complaint with the police, but theinvestigation has not yet yiel<strong>de</strong>d any results.2364. On 22 April 2009, at approximately 6:30 pm, Mukhammad Mashurov, the five-year oldson of Ms Urlaeva was assaulted near their apartment building by an unknown young man, whohit him with a baton on the head. He was later diagnosed with a concussion. However doctors atthe N14 children’s hospital in Tashkent refused to note in his medical card that the concussionwas a result of an attack. Ms Urlaeva reported the inci<strong>de</strong>nt at the local police station, but thepolice refused to initiate an investigation, arguing that a child’s testimony was not sufficientevi<strong>de</strong>nce. Ms Elena Urlaeva later received a phone call from an unknown man, threatening herwith an “even worse attack”.2365. Concern was expressed that the attacks on, and threats against, Ms Elena Urlaeva and herson are solely connected to her legitimate activities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights. Further concernwas expressed regarding the physical and psychological integrity of Ms Elena Urlaeva and herfamily.Response from the Government2366. In a letter dated 5 June 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on28 April 2009 as follows. On 17 April 2009, Ms. Elena Mikhailovna Urlaeva lodged informationwith the Mirzo Ulugbek District Internal Affairs Authority that, at about 9 a.m. on 15 April 2009,she was attacked near her house by two unknown persons, one of whom had a knife. Theyharassed her and <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>d that she should leave Uzbekistan. Ms. Urlaeva requested thatappropriate measures should be taken with regard to these persons.2367. Ms. Urlaeva’s statement was registered by the duty office of the Mirzo Ulugbek DistrictInternal Affairs Authority un<strong>de</strong>r No. 1741, register F-2. In an explanatory note, Ms. Urlaevastated that Mr. A. Sandaliev and his wife Feruza had threatened her over the telephone. She alsostated that these persons had earlier asked her to help with the release of their friend AleksandrYunusov, who had been tried on a criminal charge.2368. On the basis of the information provi<strong>de</strong>d, Inspector Y. Rakhmanov of the CrimeProtection Unit of the Mirzo Ulugbek District Internal Affairs Authority carried out a preinvestigative inquiry, in which it was established that the address in question was that of Mr.Denis Shekirov, born 1979, who, according to the representative of the house tenants’ committee,Ms. M.G. Gulyamova, had been in the Russian Fe<strong>de</strong>ration at the time.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3852369. A check of the Tashkent Municipal Registry showed that Ali and Feruza Sandaliev didnot have a resi<strong>de</strong>nce permit and that no information on them was held at all. It was alsoestablished that, from 2001 to the present, Ms. Urlaeva has been registered with TashkentNeuropsychological Clinic No. 2 with a diagnosis of chronic paranoid schizophrenia and, by a<strong>de</strong>cision of the Mirabad Interdistrict Civil Court of 24 August 2006, she had been <strong>de</strong>claredincapable.2370. On the basis of the above and in accordance with articles 83, paragraph 1, and 333 of theCo<strong>de</strong> of Criminal Procedure, it was <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d on 23 April 2009 that there would be no prosecutionin this case. The Decision and the evi<strong>de</strong>nce in the investigation were consi<strong>de</strong>red un<strong>de</strong>r the reviewprocedure by the Procurator’s Office of the Mirzo Ulugbek District and on 16 May 2009, theDecision was rescin<strong>de</strong>d as being premature. The case was returned to the District Internal AffairsAuthority for further investigation.2371. Ms. Urlaeva also went to the Mirzo Ulugbek Internal Affairs Authority on 22 April 2009,claiming that, at about 7 p.m. the same day, unknown persons had beaten her small son,Mukhammad Nakib-ogli Mashurov, born 2004, with a stick and requested that appropriatemeasures should be taken against the perpetrators.2372. An officer of the Investigative Unit of the District Internal Affairs Authority, Mr. S.B.Tursunov, carried out a preliminary investigation into the matter, which established that, whilewalking past School No. 211 on 22 April 2009, Mukhammad Nakib-ogli Mashurov insultedthree boys after which the persons in question threw a stick in his direction and the stick hit M.N.Mashurov on the head.2373. The uncle of M.N. Mashurov, Mr. V.A. Mashurov, wrote a counter-statement on thematter on 24 April 2009, in which he stated that his nephew’s physical injuries had been theresult of a game. The family therefore ma<strong>de</strong> no complaint and did not wish a forensic medicalexamination to be carried out.2374. On the basis of the above and in accordance with articles 83, paragraph 2, and 333 of theCo<strong>de</strong> of Criminal Procedure, it was formally <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d on 30 April 2009 not to institute criminalproceedings. This <strong>de</strong>cision was consi<strong>de</strong>red un<strong>de</strong>r the review procedure and subsequentlyrescin<strong>de</strong>d. On 18 May 2009, the evi<strong>de</strong>nce was turned over for further investigation to the MirzoUlugbek District Internal Affairs Authority. The person who originally lodged the informationwill be informed of the result of the additional investigation.Leter of allegations2375. On 4 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression sent a letter ofallegations to the Government regarding the sentencing of Mr. Dilmurod Saidov. Mr. Saidov isa journalist and member of the Tashkent regional division of the human rights organisationEzgulik. He has published articles <strong>de</strong>nouncing cases of abuse of power and corruption.2376. According to information received, on 30 July 2009, the Taylasky District Court inSamarkand sentenced Mr. Saidov to twelve and a half years in prison. Mr. Saidov was arrestedon 22 February 2009 on charges of extortion and forgery un<strong>de</strong>r Articles 16 and 228 of the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 386Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>. His trial began in June 2009. Neither his family nor his lawyers were permittedto enter the court room for sentencing.2377. Throughout the entire proceedings Mr. Saidov maintained his innocence. Allegedly, nosolid evi<strong>de</strong>nce was presented during the trial and Mr. Saidov was found guilty based on witnesstestimony alone. Furthermore, during the trial, some witnesses reportedly withdrew theirtestimony while others admitted that they had been pressurized by the special services.2378. Concern was expressed that the sentencing of Mr. Saidov is directly related to his work in<strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, in particular his efforts to combat corruption. The Special Rapporteurswere also concerned for the physical integrity of Mr. Saidov who reportedly suffers fromtuberculosis and has thus far been <strong>de</strong>tained in unhygienic conditions.Response from the Government2379. In a letter dated 18 September 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 4 August 2009. At the time the present report was finalized, a translation of the responseof the Government was not yet available.Urgent appeal2380. On 13 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Vice-ChairpersonRapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, and the Special Rapporteur on tortureand other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment sent an urgent appeal to theGovernment regarding the arbitrary <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Farhodon Mukhtarov. Mr. Mukhtarov is amember of the Human Rights Alliance of Uzbekistan.2381. According to information received, on 18 July 2009, Mr. Mukhtarov reportedly went tothe District Attorney’s Office to file an official complaint in relation to illegal actions carried outby local police officers. Shortly after his arrival there, he was arrested and taken to Yunus-Abadpolice station. Mr. Mukhtarov continues to be <strong>de</strong>tained although his place of <strong>de</strong>tention iscurrently unknown, and it is not yet clear what charges are being brought against him.2382. At the end of May 2009, Mr. Mukhtarov was also arrested in relation to a complaintallegedly filed against him by an Uzbek citizen for fraud. At the time, the authorities refused tolet him view the complaint.2383. Concern was expressed that the arbitrary <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. Mukhtarov might be directlyrelated to his work in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights. In view of his incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention, furtherconcern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity of Mr. Mukhtarov.Response from the Government2384. In a letter dated 25 September 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 13 August 2009 as follows. On 15 April 2009, criminal proceedings were initiatedagainst Mr. F. Mukhtarov by the investigative <strong>de</strong>partment of the internal affairs office of theYunus-Abad district of Tashkent province un<strong>de</strong>r article 168, paragraph 2 (a), of the CriminalCo<strong>de</strong> of the Republic of Uzbekistan (large-scale fraud). The proceedings were initiated on the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 387basis of a complaint filed by Ms. Shoira Nigmatovna Sodikbekova and materials collected by theauthorities responsible for preliminary inquiries.2385. The preliminary investigation revealed that, in September 2006, Mr. Mukhtarov sought toacquire assets belonging to Ms. Sodikbekova by gaining her trust on the promise that he woulduse bribery to help to resolve in her favour a civil case being consi<strong>de</strong>red by the district court ofthe city of Tashkent. Through <strong>de</strong>ception and abuse of trust he obtained 5 million sum from her,which he subsequently spent on personal items. Mr. Mukhtarov went on to commit furthercrimes with the aim of acquiring assets by fraudulent means. Having promised to sell a flat to Ms.Veronika Mikhailovna Bikbulatova, he obtained US$ 9,000 from her on 16 January 2007.However, he had already promised the same flat to Ms. Masuda Gafurovna Karimova and taken6,940 sum from her.2386. The preliminary investigation further revealed that, on 15 February 2009, Mr. Mukhtarovhad promised to sell his own flat to Mr. Anvar Kamalovich Eshonov, but after receiving US$20,500 from him, Mr. Mukhtarov failed to fulfil his obligation to transfer ownership of theapartment. In May 2009, Mr. Mukhtarov became aware that criminal proceedings had beeninitiated against him and hid from the authorities responsible for the preliminary investigation.He was consequently <strong>de</strong>clared a wanted person.2387. On the basis of all the available evi<strong>de</strong>nce, Mr. Mukhtarov was prosecuted in absentia andcharged un<strong>de</strong>r article 28–211, paragraph 2 (b) (complicity in large-scale bribery), and article 168,paragraph 2 (a) and (b) and paragraph 3 (a) (fraud with aggravating circumstances), of theCriminal Co<strong>de</strong>. As no compensation had been paid for the material damage caused by Mr.Mukhtarov, the court or<strong>de</strong>red his <strong>de</strong>tention as a preventive measure. Following search operations,Mr. Mukhtarov was arrested on 17 July 2009 and <strong>de</strong>tained in institution UYa 64/IZ-1 inTashkent.2388. Since his arrest, Mr. Mukhtarov’s constitutional rights have been fully respected, and hehas been affor<strong>de</strong>d State protection. Pursuant to article 217 of the Co<strong>de</strong> of Criminal Procedure, hisrelatives were informed of his arrest in a timely manner. On 22 August 2009 the preliminaryinvestigation was completed, and in accordance with the established procedure, the case waspassed to the Yunus-Abad district criminal court in Tashkent. The Ministry of Internal Affairshas received no complaints or statements from Mr. Mukhtarov regarding unlawful methods ofinvestigation or torture.Responses received to communications sent earlier2389. By a letter dated 10 November 2008, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 23 September 2008, a translation of which had not yet benn available at the time theprevious communications report was submitted. The Government reported that, on 11 July 2008,the Office of the Procurator in the Republic of Karakalpakstan opened a criminal investigationinto citizen Akzam Olimovich Turgunov and citizen Khamza Nurullaevich Salaev on thebasis of indications of an offence un<strong>de</strong>r article 165, paragraph 2 (a) and (b), of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>of the Republic of Uzbekistan.2390. The investigation was prompted by a statement ma<strong>de</strong> on 10 July 2008 by citizen OybekSadullaevich Khuzhaboev, and by evi<strong>de</strong>nce gathered during an initial inquiry.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3882391. [The gist of the statement was that] in late May 2008 Turgunov, who already had acriminal record, together with Khamza Salaev, the brother of his ex-wife, Ms. M. Salaeva, fromwhom he had been officially divorced in 2007, knew that Mr. Khuzhaboev had earned moneyworking in the Republic of South Korea. They invited Mr. Khuzhaboev to the home of Mr. S.Eshzhanov where, threatening him with violence, they <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>d that he acquire a house forSalaev's younger sister or give her 20 million sum. Should he not comply, they threatened todrown him, burn down his house and reduce his younger brothers to penury.2392. <strong>Base</strong>d on Mr. Khuzhaboev's statement, officers of the Karakalpakstan Ministry of theInterior and Office of the Procurator mounted a joint operation at about 8 p.m. on 11 July 2008.Salaev and Turgunov were <strong>de</strong>tained at a tea shop in Mangit, Amudarya district, as they extortedfrom Khuzhaboev the sum of 500,000 som and the maintenance logbook to a Neksiya car.2393. Turgunov and Salaev were arrested un<strong>de</strong>r article 221 of the Uzbek Co<strong>de</strong> of CriminalProcedure on 12 July 2008; they were informed of their rights and obligations un<strong>de</strong>r article 48 ofthe Co<strong>de</strong>.2394. Since their <strong>de</strong>tention, Turgunov's and Salaev's constitutional rights have been fullyrespected, they have been provi<strong>de</strong>d with a State <strong>de</strong>fence and, in conformity with article 217 ofthe Uzbek Co<strong>de</strong> of Criminal Procedure, their families were given timely notice of their arrest.2395. On 13 July 2008 the case was referred for investigation from the Office of the Procurator-<strong>General</strong> to the Investigation Division of the Ministry of the Interior of Karakalpakstan.2396. On 14 July 2008, Turgunov and Salaev were named as suspects in the case and charged,in the presence of counsel, un<strong>de</strong>r article 165, paragraph 3 (a) and (b), of the Uzbek CriminalCo<strong>de</strong>. The Nukus criminal court or<strong>de</strong>red them to be reman<strong>de</strong>d in custody as a preventivemeasure.2397. On 28 October 2008, the Investigation Division of the Republic of KarakalpakstanMinistry of the Interior conducted an official inquiry into the scalds that Turgunov suffered.2398. This established that at around noon on 14 July 2008, while Turgunov was beinginterrogated as an accused person at the Nukus remand centre, senior investigator A. Kutybaevgave the accused, at his own request, a cup of hot tea. To escape criminal liability by spreadingrumours about being tortured by Ministry of the Interior staff, Turgunov <strong>de</strong>liberately poured thehot tea down his back, scalding himself. He was given first aid then and there.2399. That Turgunov had <strong>de</strong>liberately done himself harm was fully corroborated at the officialinquiry by the testimony of senior investigator A. Kutybaev, investigator S. Ismailov and otherNukus remand centre staff.2400. Claims by <strong>de</strong>fence counsel R. Tulyaganov that [Turgunov] was tortured -- scal<strong>de</strong>d -- byinvestigator S. Ismailov are fictitious, since investigator Ismailov was not present at Turgunov'sinterrogation. Senior Investigator A. Kutybaev put no pressure of any kind upon [Turgunov]throughout the preliminary investigation. That Turgunov was guilty of extortion was thoroughlyestablished by the evi<strong>de</strong>nce gathered in the preliminary investigation.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3892401. The official inquiry also established that in giving hot tea to the accused Turgunov, seniorinvestigator A. Kutybaev breached <strong>de</strong>partmental instructions on the guarding and escorting ofsuspects, accused persons and prisoners in custody by internal affairs bodies. In view of the factthat Kutybaev has been relieved of his post, however, it was <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d to limit disciplinary actionto a stern warning. It was <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d on 31 July 2008 to press the charges in the case, which wasreferred to the Amudarya district criminal court. The court found Turgunov and Salaev guilty on23 October 2008 and sentenced them each to ten years' <strong>de</strong>privation of liberty.2402. By a letter dated 29 December 2008, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communicationsent on 12 November 2008, a translation of which was not yet available at the time the previouscommunications report was submitted. The Government reported that the convicted criminalRasul Khudoynazarov was born on 13 August 1956 in the town of Angren, in Tashkentprovince. He had previously been sentenced on 5 June 2001 by the Angren municipal court to sixyears’ <strong>de</strong>privation of liberty un<strong>de</strong>r articles 210 (2), 205 (1) and 209 (2). On 22 August 2001 hewas released un<strong>de</strong>r a presi<strong>de</strong>ntial amnesty <strong>de</strong>cree.2403. In the current case, on 12 January 2006 he was sentenced to nine years and six months’<strong>de</strong>privation of liberty by the Angren municipal criminal court, un<strong>de</strong>r articles 227 (2), 168 (1),165 (2), 59 and 61 of the Criminal Co<strong>de</strong>. According to the judgement, in June 2005, Mr.Khudoynazarov, while working as a <strong>de</strong>fence and emergency response instructor at theUzbekkumir Joint Stock Company and presiding over the Ezgulik human rights association inAngren, accused the son of Ms. M. Eshonkulova, Mr. M. Eshonkulov, of theft and filed aslan<strong>de</strong>rous statement with the law enforcement authorities. He forced Mr. Eshonkulov to handover his property, and in July 2005 was arrested in his office upon receiving US$ 300. He isserving his sentence at the UY 64/21 penitentiary.2404. He has been diagnosed by the prison medical unit as having chronic bronchitis, and hason several occasions been treated as an out-patient un<strong>de</strong>r this diagnosis. Since beginning hissentence, he has been subjected four times to disciplinary measures for violating prisonregulations; he has been confined in the disciplinary section twice, each time for five days. Hehas been granted seven long and seven short visits. In August 2007 he was allowed a visit by alawyer, Ms. V.A. Inoyatova. On checking, it has been established that Mr. Khudoynazarov hasnot attempted suici<strong>de</strong> during his sentence, and has not reported or complained to the prisongovernor about being subjected to torture or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment. On 31 August 2008 theadministrative board refused Mr. Khudoynazarov’s transfer to an open prison because of hisbreaches of prison regulations. Uzbek criminal law contains no articles punishing human rightsactivities. So-called “human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs” who are in places of <strong>de</strong>tention have committedspecific crimes, violating the country’s laws. How can criminals, offen<strong>de</strong>rs against law and or<strong>de</strong>r,be called “human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs”? The enforcement of prison regulations un<strong>de</strong>r current<strong>national</strong> law is not an infringement of convicts’ rights and legitimate interests.Observations2405. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the the Government for the responses transmittedto her communications of 24 April 2009, 4 August 2009 and 13 August 2009. At the same time,the Special Rapporteur wished to reiterate her serious concerns regarding the situation of humanrights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in Uzbekistan. The conditions in which both human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs arereportedly being <strong>de</strong>tained are viewed as unacceptable and the Special Rapporteur calls on the


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 390Uzbek Government to ensure that the conditions of <strong>de</strong>tention and the treatment of those <strong>de</strong>tainedare in full compliance with inter<strong>national</strong> norms and standards.2406. The Special Rapproteur regrets that her request to carry out a country mission toUzbekistan has been outstanding for over nine years <strong>de</strong>spite repeated follow-up and hopes thatthe Government will consi<strong>de</strong>r this request favourably in the near future.Carta <strong>de</strong> alegacionesVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)2407. El día 30 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator especial sobre la promoción y protección <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>rechoa la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión enviaron un llamamiento urgente en relación al Sr. OrelZambrano, director <strong>de</strong>l Seminario político ABC, vicepresi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> la emisora privada RadioAmérica 890AM, editorialista <strong>de</strong>l diario regional Notitar<strong>de</strong> y también abogado y profesor en laUniversidad <strong>de</strong> Carabobo.2408. Según las informaciones recibidas, el 16 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009, hacia las tres <strong>de</strong> la tar<strong>de</strong>, el Sr.Zambrano habría sido asesinado en Valencia, estado Carabobo. El Sr. Zambrano se habríabajado <strong>de</strong> su vehiculo y se dirigía hacia una tienda <strong>de</strong> alquiler <strong>de</strong> películas cuando le habríaninterceptado dos sujetos <strong>de</strong>sconocidos en una moto. Uno <strong>de</strong> los sicarios le habría disparado al Sr.Zambrano quien falleció en el lugar a consecuencia <strong>de</strong> un tiro en al cabeza. Los asesinos sehabrían dado inmediatamente a la fuga.2409. El Sr. Zambrano habría <strong>de</strong>nunciado tanto al narcotráfico como a la corrupción privada ypública y a finales <strong>de</strong> 2008 habría <strong>de</strong>nunciado un caso <strong>de</strong> narcotráfico en lo cual estásupuestamente implicada la po<strong>de</strong>rosa familia Makled, <strong>de</strong> empresarios <strong>de</strong> la región <strong>de</strong> Valencia.Los tres hermanos <strong>de</strong> dicha familia, habrían sido <strong>de</strong>tenidos el 14 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2008supuestamente en posesión <strong>de</strong> cerca <strong>de</strong> 400 kilos <strong>de</strong> cocaína, luego <strong>de</strong>l allanamiento <strong>de</strong> unapropiedad familiar. Tienen abierto un procedimiento en curso en la Fiscalía nacional.Carta <strong>de</strong> alegaciones2410. El 18 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> los<strong>de</strong>rechos humanos envió un llamamiento urgente señalando a la atención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno lainformación recibida en relación con las restricciones a la eficaz <strong>de</strong> organizaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechoshumanos en Venezuela que podrían resultar <strong>de</strong> la adopción e implementación <strong>de</strong>l Proyecto <strong>de</strong>Ley <strong>de</strong> Cooperación Internacional, aprobado en primera discusión el 13 <strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2006 yque actualmente está en espera <strong>de</strong> la segunda discusión en el Po<strong>de</strong>r Legislativo en la RepúblicaBolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezuela.2411. Según la información recibida, el Exposición <strong>de</strong> Motivos <strong>de</strong>l Proyecto <strong>de</strong> Ley <strong>de</strong>Cooperación Internacional (en a<strong>de</strong>lante el Proyecto), se indicó que la propuesta legislativa se<strong>de</strong>stinó a una “Ley Marco,” que no intentó convertirse en una regulación clara, en que no sepodría <strong>de</strong>tectar límites claros a la intervención gubernamental. Asimismo, el Proyecto usó<strong>de</strong>finiciones y expresiones cuyo significado no resultó suficientemente <strong>de</strong>terminable y aúnincluso casos que resultó oscuro. Por ejemplo, el artículo 3 empleó una <strong>de</strong>finición imprecisa <strong>de</strong>


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 391la “cooperación internacional” como un <strong>de</strong> diversas acciones, activida<strong>de</strong>s y procedimientos quellevaron a cabo entida<strong>de</strong>s que “realicen cooperación internacional” (sic). Asimismo, según elartículo 2, la Ley sería aplicable a una serie gran<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> personas, instituciones y activida<strong>de</strong>s:"todas las actuaciones y activida<strong>de</strong>s que se realicen en el marco <strong>de</strong> la cooperación internacional oque se relacionen con ésta y que impliquen, entre otros, la recepción, transferencia e intercambio<strong>de</strong> bienes, servicios, capitales y recursos públicos o privados, materiales, humanos, económicos,financieros, <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el exterior hacia la República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezuela y <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> la RepúblicaBolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezuela hacia el exterior."2412. El artículo 14 <strong>de</strong>l Proyecto notó una futura regulación <strong>de</strong>l "Fondo para la Cooperación yasistencia Internacional", el que, según el artículo 12 “tendrá como finalidad financiar, conformea las priorida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> la política exterior y la conveniencia nacional, los programas, proyectos,acciones <strong>de</strong> cooperación técnica y científica, financiera no reembolsable, asistencia internacionaly <strong>de</strong>más activida<strong>de</strong>s (…).” Según el Proyecto el mencionado “Fondo” estaría adscrito a un"órgano <strong>de</strong>sconcentrado para la cooperación internacional" que sería creado por el Presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>la República y subordinado a un Ministerio, entre cuyas funciones – también ampliadas - estaríanel "ejecutar y apoyar las políticas, planes, programas, proyectos y activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> cooperacióninternacional que impulse el Estado, mediante la captación, prestación y administración <strong>de</strong>recursos que provengan o sean <strong>de</strong>stinados a activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> cooperación internacional.” En vistola falta <strong>de</strong> claridad con las <strong>de</strong>finiciones mencionadas anteriormente, fue preciso clarificar si losrecursos <strong>de</strong>l Fondo solo serían aquellos <strong>de</strong>stinados a las activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> Cooperación entre elEstado venezolano con el exterior, o si también concentraría todos los recursos que tendríancomo <strong>de</strong>stino a las ONGs que actúa <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> Venezuela.2413. Según los artículos 15 a 18 <strong>de</strong>l Proyecto el Reglamento <strong>de</strong>terminaría las característicasespecíficas <strong>de</strong> un "Sistema Integrado <strong>de</strong> Registro" <strong>de</strong> ONGs nacionales y extranjeras, queresultaría parte <strong>de</strong>l antes referido "Órgano <strong>de</strong>sconcentrado para la cooperación internacional"<strong>de</strong>rivado y controlado por el Po<strong>de</strong>r Ejecutivo. La inscripción en dicho Registro sería <strong>de</strong>importancia critica <strong>de</strong>bido a, según el artículo 18 <strong>de</strong>l Proyecto, "una condición indispensablepara ser reconocidas por el Estado venezolano como entes susceptibles <strong>de</strong> realizar activida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong>cooperación, así como para acce<strong>de</strong>r a los incentivos fiscales (...)”. Se expresó temor que laambigüedad <strong>de</strong> las reglas básicas para lograr la inscripción en el Registro, podría poner enpeligro la seguridad <strong>de</strong> las organizaciones y <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos.2414. Finalmente, el artículo 22 implicó que las ONGs tendría que proveer la información ydatos sobre su “constitución, administración y <strong>de</strong>stino” a las autorida<strong>de</strong>s competentes y acualquier ciudadano que lo busque. Así mismo, el Reglamento tendría la autorización paraestablecer otras disposiciones en conexión con estas reglas nuevas.2415. Se expresó temor que la incierta <strong>de</strong>finición <strong>de</strong> Cooperación Internacional así como losalcances in<strong>de</strong>finidos aplicados al Proyecto <strong>de</strong> Ley <strong>de</strong> Cooperación Internacional podríanrestringir la labor legítima <strong>de</strong> las organizaciones <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos en Venezuela. Porconsiguiente, se instó al Gobierno <strong>de</strong> Venezuela a consi<strong>de</strong>rar la posibilidad <strong>de</strong> revisar dichoproyecto en el cumplimiento <strong>de</strong> las normas internacionales, normas y recomendaciones que seexpusieron a continuación.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 392Respuesta <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno2416. Mediante carta fechada el 16 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Gobierno respondió a esta carta <strong>de</strong>alegaciones. La respuesta se comunicó información recibido <strong>de</strong> la Agencia <strong>de</strong>l Estado para losDerechos Humanos <strong>de</strong> la República Bolivariana <strong>de</strong> Venezuela sobre el particular. Se afirmó quepara la Nación venezolana, la cooperación internacional es el medio idóneo para los vínculosentre los países y su propósito es <strong>de</strong> contribuir a hacer efectiva esa cooperación medianteformulas prácticas para la solución <strong>de</strong> problemas que afecten el bienestar <strong>de</strong> los pueblos.2417. Se comunicó que el actual ley <strong>de</strong> cooperación internacional entró en vigencia hace 51años y que su contenido ha quedad <strong>de</strong>sfasado respecto <strong>de</strong> las transformaciones jurídicas,políticas, económicas y sociales que se han producido tanto a nivel nacional como internacionalen materia <strong>de</strong> cooperación internacional.2418. La Asamblea Nacional representante <strong>de</strong>l Po<strong>de</strong>r Legislativo <strong>de</strong> Venezuela actualmenteestá discutiendo el Proyecto <strong>de</strong> Ley <strong>de</strong> Cooperación Internacional. Después <strong>de</strong> la primeradiscusión <strong>de</strong>l proyecto en el año 2006, lo fue sometido a consulta pública, <strong>de</strong> acuerdo a loestablecido en el artículo 211 <strong>de</strong> la Constitución <strong>de</strong> la Asamblea Nacional. El proceso fue abiertoy plural. El Gobierno abrió un <strong>de</strong>bate franco, participativo y <strong>de</strong>mocrático consultando con todoslos sectores <strong>de</strong> la sociedad.2419. Se comunicó que la Comisión <strong>de</strong> Política Exterior <strong>de</strong> la Asamblea habría <strong>de</strong>cididorevisar integralmente la ley vigente. Se afirmó que el objetivo <strong>de</strong> la Ley tiene por objetoestablecer el régimen jurídico <strong>de</strong> la cooperación internacional <strong>de</strong>l Estado venezolano en cuanto ala promoción y ejecución <strong>de</strong> acciones y programas <strong>de</strong> cooperación entre el Gobierno y losgobiernos <strong>de</strong> otros países, organismos internacionales, organizaciones no gubernamentales etc.2420. Se afirmó asimismo que cualquier venezolano o venezolana, así como alguna ONG quetenga alguna observación que hacerle al Proyecto <strong>de</strong> Ley Cooperación Internacional pue<strong>de</strong>realizarla ante la Comisión <strong>de</strong> Política Exterior <strong>de</strong> la Asamblea Nacional. Esta solicitud <strong>de</strong>información se refiere a un proyecto <strong>de</strong> ley que no <strong>de</strong>be confundirse con una ley <strong>de</strong>finitiva.2421. La carta aseguró que el Gobierno queda a la entera disposición <strong>de</strong> la Oficina <strong>de</strong> la AltaComisionada <strong>de</strong> las Naciones Unidas para los Derechos Humanos, a los fines <strong>de</strong> dar ulterioresinformaciones que pudieran surgir sobre el particular.Llamamiento urgente2422. El 16 <strong>de</strong> noviembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, la Relatora Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>fensores <strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, junto con el Relator Especial sobre la promoción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad<strong>de</strong> opinión y <strong>de</strong> expresión y el Relator Especial sobre la situación <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos y lasliberta<strong>de</strong>s fundamentales <strong>de</strong> los indígenas, enviaron un llamamiento urgente señalando a laatención urgente <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno la información recibida en relación con el Sr. Lusbi Portillo,coordinador <strong>de</strong> la organización no gubernamental Sociedad Homo et Natura y miembro <strong>de</strong> laFe<strong>de</strong>ración Ecologista <strong>de</strong>l Zulia y <strong>de</strong>l Frente Nacional por la Defensa <strong>de</strong>l Agua y la Vida. El Sr.Portillo realiza activida<strong>de</strong>s en solidaridad con los pueblos indígenas Barí, Yukpa y Wayuu en susluchas por sus territorios.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3932423. Según las informaciones recibidas, el Sr. Portillo habría sido informado que existe unaor<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> aprehensión en su contra. Supuestamente, el Sr. Portillo sería acusado <strong>de</strong> tener nexoscon el narcotráfico. El Sr. Portillo supuestamente expresó temor por su seguridad física y poresta razón se habría encontrado escondido en un lugar secreto.2424. Asimismo, unos días <strong>de</strong>spués <strong>de</strong> una manifestación frente al Ministerio <strong>de</strong>l Ambiente el 5<strong>de</strong> junio <strong>de</strong> 2009, en la cual habrían participado lí<strong>de</strong>res Yukpa, Barí y Wayuu y variosecologistas, se habría intensificado una campaña <strong>de</strong> difamación y criminalización en contra <strong>de</strong>lSr. Portillo. Dicha campaña se habría iniciado en 2005 tras la participación <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Portillo enprotestas en Machiques y Caracas contra la explotación <strong>de</strong> carbón en los territorios indígenas.Des<strong>de</strong> entonces, el Sr. Portillo habría sido acusado <strong>de</strong> manipular a los indígenas y <strong>de</strong> tenervínculos a organizaciones no gubernamentales extranjeras vinculadas con empresas mineras.2425. Se expresó temor que la presunta or<strong>de</strong>n <strong>de</strong> aprehensión contra el Sr. Portillo estérelacionada con las activida<strong>de</strong>s que realiza en <strong>de</strong>fensa <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos humanos, y en particular<strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>rechos territoriales <strong>de</strong> los pueblos indígenas <strong>de</strong>l estado <strong>de</strong> Zulia. A<strong>de</strong>más se expresópreocupación que la campaña <strong>de</strong> difamación busque <strong>de</strong>sacreditar las activida<strong>de</strong>s legítimas querealiza el Sr. Portillo.Respuestas <strong>de</strong>l Gobierno a comunicaciones enviadas antes <strong>de</strong>l período <strong>de</strong> presentación <strong>de</strong>informes2426. Mediante carta fechada el 18 <strong>de</strong> diciembre <strong>de</strong> 2009, el Gobierno respondió a esta carta <strong>de</strong>alegaciones. La respuesta se comunicó información recibido <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio <strong>de</strong>l Po<strong>de</strong>r Popularpara Relaciones Exteriores sobre el particular. El Ministerio procedió a iniciar una investigacióncon el objeto <strong>de</strong> lograr el esclarecimiento <strong>de</strong> los hechos y <strong>de</strong>terminar las responsabilida<strong>de</strong>s a quehaya lugar.2427. Se confirmó que fue comisionada la Fiscalía Cuadragésima <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio Público conCompetencia Plena a Nivel Nacional con se<strong>de</strong> en Maracaibo, quien se encuentra averiguando lascircunstancias <strong>de</strong> modo, tiempo y lugar en que se produjeron los hechos, entre las cualespo<strong>de</strong>mos <strong>de</strong>stacar Acta <strong>de</strong> Entrevista tomada en fecha 28 <strong>de</strong> julio <strong>de</strong> 2008, al ciudadano SabinoRomero Izarra, cacique <strong>de</strong> la citada comunidad indígena, quien informó sobre la problemáticaque se ha venido suscitando en la Sierra <strong>de</strong> Perijá. La prenombrada Fiscalía solicitó <strong>de</strong>conformidad con la Ley <strong>de</strong> Protección <strong>de</strong> Víctimas, Testigos y <strong>de</strong>más sujetos procesales, Medida<strong>de</strong> Protección, a favor <strong>de</strong>l ciudadano Sabino Romero Izarra y su núcleo familiar, siendo acordadapor el Juzgado Primero <strong>de</strong> Primera Instancia en Funciones <strong>de</strong> Control <strong>de</strong>l Circuito Judicial Penal<strong>de</strong> Villa <strong>de</strong>l Rosario <strong>de</strong> Perijá, estado Zulla, <strong>de</strong>signándose en un principio a funcionariosadscritos <strong>de</strong> la Guardia Nacional <strong>de</strong> Venezuela y posteriormente, a la Dirección <strong>de</strong> los Servicios<strong>de</strong> Inteligencia y Prevención (DISIP), la cual actualmente se encuentra dando cumplimiento a lamisma.2428. En relación con el inci<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong>l 22 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2008 en que resultando heridos variasciudadanos, se confirmó que el Representante Fiscal comisionado se encuentra practicando unaserie <strong>de</strong> actuaciones y diligencias conjuntamente con el Cuerpo <strong>de</strong> Investigaciones Científicas,Penales y Criminalísticas <strong>de</strong> la región Zuliana, entre las que se pue<strong>de</strong>n mencionar: actas <strong>de</strong>entrevistas a las víctimas y testigos <strong>de</strong>l hechos, así como recabar los resultados <strong>de</strong> los


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 394Reconocimientos Médico Legales <strong>de</strong> los heridos; encontrándose dicha causa en Fase <strong>de</strong>Investigación.2429. En relación con las aprehensiones <strong>de</strong> ciudadanos – María <strong>de</strong> los Ángeles Peña Fonseca,Mariluz Coromoto Guillén Rodríguez, Kelys Elaine Colina y Tomás Antonio Becerra Ramírez -la Fiscalía Vigésima <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio Público <strong>de</strong> la Circunscripción Judicial <strong>de</strong>l estado Zulia, el día22 <strong>de</strong> agosto <strong>de</strong> 2009 realizó la presentación ante el Tribunal Undécimo <strong>de</strong> Primera Instancia enFunciones <strong>de</strong> Control <strong>de</strong>l Circuito Judicial Penal <strong>de</strong> la citada entidad regional, por la presuntacomisión <strong>de</strong> los <strong>de</strong>litos <strong>de</strong> Lesiones Intencionales, Resistencia a la autoridad y Daños a laPropiedad, acordando el mencionado Juzgado, Medida Cautelar Sustitutiva <strong>de</strong> Libertad, a<strong>de</strong>más<strong>de</strong> continuar el procedimiento por la vía ordinaria y <strong>de</strong>clinar la competencia <strong>de</strong> la causa alantedicho Tribunal Primero <strong>de</strong> Primera Instancia. Posteriormente en fecha 19 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009,el Ministerio Público procedió a solicitar el Sobreseimiento <strong>de</strong> la Causa a favor <strong>de</strong> los cuatrosciudadanos antedichos, por los <strong>de</strong>litos antenombrados, por el antedicho Tribunal Primero <strong>de</strong>Primera Instancia.2430. En relación con las presuntas amenazas <strong>de</strong> muerte en contra <strong>de</strong> Mary Fernán<strong>de</strong>z, en fecha6 <strong>de</strong> octubre <strong>de</strong> 2008, los Representantes <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio Público Cuadragésimo a Nivel Nacionalcon Competencia Plena y Cuadragésima Quinta <strong>de</strong> la Circunscripción Judicial <strong>de</strong>s estado Zulla,se trasladaron conjuntamente con funcionarios adscritos a la Dirección <strong>de</strong> DISIP, hacia lareferida comunidad indígena con la finalidad <strong>de</strong> entrevistarse con la prenombrada ciudadana, asícomo Zenaida Romero Martínez, su hija, solicitando para esta última Medida <strong>de</strong> Protección anteel antedicho Juzgado Primero <strong>de</strong> Primera Instancia, siendo acordad dicha medida, cumpliéndoseésta por la DISIP, continuando <strong>de</strong> esta manera con la práctica <strong>de</strong> las diligencias ten<strong>de</strong>ntes alesclarecimiento <strong>de</strong> estos hechos, encontrándose la causa en fase <strong>de</strong> investigación.2431. En relación con al fallecimiento <strong>de</strong>l Sr. José Manuel Romero, padre <strong>de</strong> Sabino RomeroIzarra, la Fiscalía Cuadragésima <strong>de</strong>l Ministerio Público a Nivel Nacional con Competencia Plena,requirió <strong>de</strong> inmediato la práctica <strong>de</strong> la necropsia <strong>de</strong> ley al hoy occiso, con la finalidad <strong>de</strong> conocerla causa <strong>de</strong> su muerte; informando la Médico Forense <strong>de</strong>signada Drs. Samada Guerra que el<strong>de</strong>ceso <strong>de</strong>l citado ciudadano se <strong>de</strong>bió a una enterocolitis que le perforó los intestinos y le produjouna hemorragia interna, ocasionándole luego un paro cardíaco, no encontrándose ningún signo<strong>de</strong> violencia en el cuerpo <strong>de</strong>l mismo. Se solicitaron otras pruebas complementarias para verificaracerca <strong>de</strong> la bacteria o microorganismo que había causado la enterocolitis en cuestión;hallándose la causa en fase <strong>de</strong> investigación.2432. En lo atinente a las medidas <strong>de</strong> protección, acordadas a favor <strong>de</strong>l Sr. Sabino RomeroIzarra y su núcleo familiar, así como <strong>de</strong> Sra. Mary Fernán<strong>de</strong>z, las mismas se están cumpliendoestrictamente por los cuerpos <strong>de</strong> seguridad <strong>de</strong>l Estado comisionados por el Tribunal Primero <strong>de</strong>Primera Instancia antedicho.Observaciones2433. La Relatora Especial agra<strong>de</strong>ce al Gobierno por su respuesta a la comunicación fechada el18 <strong>de</strong> mayo <strong>de</strong> 2009. No obstante, la Relatora Especial lamenta que al finalizar este informe, nose había recibido respuestas a las comunicaciones <strong>de</strong>l 30 <strong>de</strong> enero <strong>de</strong> 2009 y <strong>de</strong>l 16 <strong>de</strong> noviembre<strong>de</strong> 2009. La Relatora Especial consi<strong>de</strong>ra que al respon<strong>de</strong>r a las comunicaciones representa un


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 395elemento fundamental para la cooperación <strong>de</strong> los Estados con el mandato, es por ello que insta algobierno venezolano a que le proporcione una respuesta tratando los asuntos mencionados.Urgent appealViet Nam2434. On 23 June 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce ofjudges and lawyers, and the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right tofreedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgent appeal to the Government concerning thesituation of Mr. Le Cong Dinh, a human rights lawyer and former Vice-Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the Ho ChiMinh City Bar Association.2435. According to the information received, Mr Le Cong Dinh was reportedly arrested on 13June 2009 at his office in Ho Chi Minh City by agents of the Public Security Police.2436. Following his arrest, the Investigation Agency of the Ministry of Public Security stated ata press conference that Mr Le Cong Dinh had “connived with overseas subversives to publishdocuments distorting the Government’s socio-economic policies”. Mr Le Cong Dinh was latercharged with “conducting propaganda against the State”, un<strong>de</strong>r article 88 of the Penal Co<strong>de</strong>. Ifconvicted on this charge, he faces a possible sentence of up to 20 years of imprisonment.2437. It was further reported that Mr Le Cong Dinh has recently spoken out against theextraction of bauxite in the Central Highlands, and has also called for political reform inVietnam.2438. Concern was expressed that the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr Le Cong Dinh may be linkedto his peaceful activities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights including in the exercise of his right tofreedom of opinion and expression. Further concern was expressed for his physical andpsychological integrity while in <strong>de</strong>tention.Response from the Government2439. In a letter dated 6 July 2009, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication sent on 23June 2009 as follows. On 13 June 2009, the Investigation Agency of Viet Nam arrested Mr. LeCong Dinh, who resi<strong>de</strong>d in Ho Chi Minh City and worked for the Le Cong Dinh Law Firm,which is a one-member company limited, on accusation of having violated Article 88 of thePenal Co<strong>de</strong> of Viet Nam. The arrest was done in strict compliance with the sequence andprocedures stipulated in Article 62 and 63 of the Criminal Procedures Co<strong>de</strong> of Viet Nam.2440. Mr. Le Cong Dinh was trained in law in Viet Nam and was sent abroad for further study.Since he came back, he has been given favourable conditions to practice his profession. He wasthe Vice Chair of the Ho Chi Minh Bar Association and used to write articles for newspaperssuch as the Thanh Nien, Tuoi Tre, Sai gon Tiep Thi, Saigon Economic Times, Tia Sangmagazines… and the BBC Vietnamese. He also gave many interviews for BBC, RFI and RFA…This fact alone <strong>de</strong>monstrated that Mr. Le Cong Dinh fully enjoyed the rights to freedom ofexpression and opinion, and the state of Viet Nam had no preconception or discriminationagainst him.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3962441. The arrest of Mr. Le Cong Dinh was not due to the reasons mentioned in your letter thaMr. Le Cong Sinh was against the extraction of bauxite in the Central Highlands, called for“political reforms” or his “peaceful activities in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights” and “the exercise of hisright to freedom of opinion and expression”. Le Cong Dinh contacted and collu<strong>de</strong>d with anumber of exile Vietnamese organizations and groups abroad, including those listed by theVietnamese Gpovernmetn as terrorist groups, in an attempt to prepare for riots and cause socialinstability and public disor<strong>de</strong>r with the ultimate goal of overthrowing the State of Viet Nam.2442. Since 2005, Le Cong Dinh has communicated with Nguyen Sy Binh, head of the exileU.S. based organizations of “People’s Action Party” and “Viet Nam Democratic Party”, whomaintained close ties with heads of other exile groups, such as Ha Dong Xuyen (Viet Tan Group),Pham Nam Dinh (Democratic Get-Together Group), Doan Viet Hoat (Viet Nam Vision Group)with a view to <strong>de</strong>signing the action plans to involve and establish subversive organizations inViet Nam in or<strong>de</strong>r to realize the plot of “attacking from the outsi<strong>de</strong> to cause disor<strong>de</strong>r insi<strong>de</strong> thecountry”. Le Cong Dinh was assigned to collaborate for the<strong>de</strong>velopment of organizations in VietNam to establish an illegal entity called “Viet Nam Democratic Party” and “Viet Nam LabourParty” and communicate with anti-Vietnamese State abroad. Le Cong Dinh was chosen by thehostile forces and anti-state exile forces to be trained abroad for sabotage activities against thestate, including the one organized by Viet Tan in Pattaya, Thailand in late February 2009. LeCong Dinh has visited the U.S. and Thailand for many times to meet with Nguyen Sy Binh todiscuss and set out action plans to prepare for the opportunity to overthrow the regime in VietNam, which Dinh and his accomplices believed to arrive by the end of 2009 and early 2010. LeCong Dinh participated in compiling a book, which served as the action platform for the group,called “the Road for Viet Nam” and he drafted the “New Constitution” to prepare for the socallednew Government.2443. It should be recalled that “Viet Tan”, with which Mr. Le Cong Dinh has collaborated,was foun<strong>de</strong>d in 1982 and led by Hoang Co Minh. The ultimate goal of this organizations was toabolish the regime in Viet Nam. This organization conducted many infiltrations into Viet Namby armed terrorist groups abroad, such as the Dong Tien II operation in December 1986 and July1987. It is a terrorist group and has conducted terrorist actions against Viet Nam. At present, VietTan continues to operate un<strong>de</strong>r the cover of <strong>de</strong>mocracy and human rights while actuallyattempting to overthrow the Vietnamese State.2444. It should be also recalled that the “United Front of Patriotic Forces for the Liberation ofViet Namm”, chaired by Le Quoc Tuy, conducted many acts to overthrow the State of Viet Nam.During 1981 to 1984 alone, this organization sent over 10 armed groups from abroad to infiltrateinto the Vietnamese territory. Especially, during the 10th infiltration from the sea, many werecaptured or killed; the lea<strong>de</strong>rs, Tran Van Ba, Mai Van Hanh and 19 others were arrested whenthey lan<strong>de</strong>d on the coast of Ca Mau.2445. Following his arrest, on 17 July 2009, Le Cong Dinh had admitted his acts of lawviolations, expressed his <strong>de</strong>ep regret for his wrongdoings and asked the State for leniency.2446. During the prcess of investigation before the trial, Le Cong Dinh is entitled to enjoy therights of the suspected offen<strong>de</strong>r. His health is normal. The arrest of Le Cong Dinh conducted byVietnamese investigation agency, the investigation as well as the introduction of instance, thetrial have been and will be openly carried out on the basis of equity and objectivity in accordance


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 397with the sequence and procedures stipulated in existing Vietnamese laws, particularly theCriminal Procedures Co<strong>de</strong>. These law provisions are also in line with inter<strong>national</strong> standards onhuman rights, particularly Articles 19c, 20 and 21 of the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civil andPolitical Rights.Urgent appeal2447. On 5 November 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteurof the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention; and the Special Rapporteur on torture and othercruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment, sent an urgent appeal to the Governmentregarding the situation of Mrs. Tran Khai Thanh Thuy. Mrs. Thanh Thuy is a novelist andjournalist, and an honorary member of English PEN, an organization which works to promoteliterature and human rights.2448. According to the information received, on 7 October 2009, Mrs. Thanh Thuy wasreportedly <strong>de</strong>nied access to the Hanoi courthouse to attend the trial of a teacher. She was finallyallowed access after the intervention of foreign embassy representatives present in the courtroom.2449. On 8 October 2009, while travelling to attend the trial of six activists, Mrs. Thanh Thuywas arrested by the police. She was reportedly released after a few hours of <strong>de</strong>tention, but thenplaced un<strong>de</strong>r house arrest un<strong>de</strong>r the surveillance of two police officers. On the same day, twopolice officers in plain clothes reportedly forcibly entered her house and beat her on the headwith bricks. Police officers stationed outsi<strong>de</strong> the house did not intervene. Mrs. Thanh Thuy wasallowed to go to the hospital but upon leaving she was arrested together with her husband, Mr.Do Ba Tan and transferred to the police station in Dong Da district, Hanoi. It is reported that thedistrict police chief claimed that they had assaulted a neighbor, and therefore Mrs. Thanh Thuywas reportedly charged with “intentionally causing injury”. Mr. Do Ba Tan was released on 12October 2009, with no charge brought against him.2450. On 19 October 2009, according to her family, Mrs. Thanh Thuy was transferred to theHoa Lu prison in Hanoi.2451. Furthermore, it is alleged that Mrs. Thanh Thuy and her family have received threateningphone calls, and her house has been attacked several times by people allegedly hired by thepolice.2452. Serious concern was expressed that the placement of Mrs. Thanh Thuy un<strong>de</strong>r house arrest,her arrest and her <strong>de</strong>tention together with Mr. Do Ba Tan, and the use of force against her, mightbe directly related to her work in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights. Further concern was expressed for thephysical and psychological integrity of Mrs. Thanh Thuy while in <strong>de</strong>tention.Response from the Government2453. In a letter dates 31 January 2010, the Government respon<strong>de</strong>d to the communication senton 5 November 2009 as follows. On 8 October 2009, Mr. Do Ba Tan, spouse of Mrs. Tran KhaiThanh Thuy parked his motor in front of his house in Hanoi and therefore obstructed traffic.When Mr. Nguyen Manh Diep, living nearby, asked Mr. Do to move his motor out of public area,Mr. Do has refused, quarreled with and then used a helmet to beat on the head and face of Mr.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 398Nguyen. Instead of preventing her husband’s act of violence, Mrs. Tran has attacked Mr. Nguyenon his head with bricks. Another man, named Nguyen Van Thinh, wanted to intervene but wasbeaten on arms by Mrs. Tran by bricks and a woo<strong>de</strong>n stick.2454. Due to the seriousness of the case and based on evi<strong>de</strong>nce found, the Dong Da district’spolice <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d to institute a criminal case on “intentionally causing injury” and initiated criminalproceedings against Mrs. Tran according to article 104 of the Penal Co<strong>de</strong>. Mrs. Tran and herhusband have also been provisionally <strong>de</strong>tained for investigation. On 12 October 2009, the policehas <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d to cancel <strong>de</strong>terrent measures against Mr. Do but still initiated criminal proceedingsagainst him on 27 October 2009.2455. The arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention for investigation of and criminal proceedings initiation againstMrs. Tran Thanh Thuy and her husband, Mr. Do Ba Tan, are carried out in strict compliancewith the sequence and procedures stipulates in existing Vietnamese laws, particularly theCriminal Procedures Co<strong>de</strong> and also in line with inter<strong>national</strong> starndards on human rights,particularly the Universal Declaration of Human Rigths and the Inter<strong>national</strong> Covenant on Civiland Political Rights. During the period of <strong>de</strong>tention for investigation, Mrs. Tran Khai ThanhThuy is entitled to enjoy the rights of the suspected offen<strong>de</strong>r without discrimination or illtreatment.All information which states that Mrs. Tran Khai Thanh Thuy was placed un<strong>de</strong>r housearrest or beaten is totally not true.Observations2456. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Government for the responses provi<strong>de</strong>d toher communications of 23 June 2009 and 5 November 2009. The Special Rapporteur wishes toexpress her serious concerns about the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of, criminal proceedings against andsentencing of Mr. Le Cong Dinh linked to his peaceful activities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rightsincluding in the exercise of his right to freedom of opinion and expression.Urgent appealYemen2457. On 4 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, have sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding reports of the judicial harassment of journalist Mr. AneesMansoor. Anees Mansoor is a member of the Lahaj branch of the National Organisation forDefending Rights and Freedoms “HOOD”, and a journalist for Al-Ayam newspaper where hehas been covering issues such as arbitrary <strong>de</strong>tention, corruption and lack of the rule of law andreporting on protests in the Lahaj Region in the north of Yemen.2458. According to the information received, on 21 April 2009, Anees Mansoor received asummons by the Qubaita Prosecution Office un<strong>de</strong>r the charges of encouraging instability andorganising illegal <strong>de</strong>monstrations. These charges hold a maximum sentence of four years inprison. He was recalled to the Prosecution Office on 28 April 2009. The case against himcontinues.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 3992459. The case against Anees Mansoor was officially filed by the Reunification Defen<strong>de</strong>rsAssociation. At the first and second hearings, certain witnesses who testified against AneesMansoor, alleging that he took part in protests, were reportedly the same people who AneesMansoor had written about in his articles about corruption. The prosecution allegedly failed topay due attention to the testimonies of character witnesses who testified about Anees Mansoor’sprofessionalism and his lack of involvement in any form of protest. These witnesses reportedlycomplained that they were interrogated as suspects and that they themselves were questionedconcerning their involvement in the protests.2460. Prior to being called to the Prosecution Office, Anees Mansoor was allegedly approachedby an intelligence agent who requested he cease his publication of critical material and to insteadprovi<strong>de</strong> the Intelligence Apparatus with information regarding protests in Lahaj. Anees Mansoorrefused to comply with this request.2461. On 13 January 2009, Anees Mansoor was arrested along with fellow human rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r, Wajdy El-Shuaiby, in Alhashemy Square, A<strong>de</strong>n, while covering a rally organised byforums for reconciliation and tolerance, which was allegedly violently disrupted by securityforces. He was later released on 15 January 2009.2462. Concern was expressed that the judicial harassment of journalist Mr. Anees Mansoor maybe related to his legitimate activities <strong>de</strong>fending human rights, in particular freedom of expression.Urgent appeal2463. On 25 August 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, the SpecialRapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment and theVice-Chairperson Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding Mr. Salah Yahya el-Saqladi. Mr. el-Saqladi is the directorof the A<strong>de</strong>n branch of the Organization for Change and the Defense of Rights and Freedoms(OCDRF). He is also the political editor of Hewar Human Rights Forum online and has writtenseveral articles on reported human rights violations committed by the Yemeni authorities, inparticular in Southern Yemen.2464. According to information received, on 18 June 2009, at approximately 10.30 a.m., agroup of armed men in civilian clothing took Mr. el-Saqladi from his home in Khour Maksar,A<strong>de</strong>n. The men, who forced their way into the house, physically assaulted Mr. el-Saqladi in thepresence of his family, took his laptop and mobile phone and then allegedly transferred him toAl-Fatah Camp in A<strong>de</strong>n. Mr. el-Saqladi’s family members and lawyers have been <strong>de</strong>nied allvisitation rights, and his whereabouts have not been confirmed, although it is believed that hewas later transferred to the Political Security Apparatus (PSA) prison in Sana’a.2465. Concern was expressed that the incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr. el-Saqladi may berelated to his work in <strong>de</strong>fense of human rights. Further concern was expressed for Mr. el-Saqladi’s physical and psychological integrity.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 400Urgent appeal2466. On 29 September 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the the Chairman-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, the SpecialRapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression,and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment orpunishment sent an urgent appeal to the Government regarding Mr. Mohammed al-Maqaleh,editor of the Socialist Party’s website, “Al Eshteraki”.2467. According to information received, on 17 September 2009 at around 11:00 p.m., Mr. al-Maqaleh was allegedly abducted by five masked men outsi<strong>de</strong> his home on Taiz Street in Sa’ada,north-western Yemen. He was about to enter his car when a white minibus with obscured licenseplates approached him and armed men allegedly forced him onto the minibus. He has not beenseen since then, and his whereabouts are unknown. Reports claim that shortly before he wasabducted, he had published a report on the “Al Eshteraki” website regarding military airstrikesnear the city of Sa’ada, which reportedly caused civilian casualties.2468. Mr. al-Maqaleh has previously been arrested and held in incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tentionseveral times before being released without any trials, allegedly for publishing articles on theInternet which were critical of the government. He has allegedly been subjected to torture andother cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment during his <strong>de</strong>tention.2469. Concern was expressed regarding the physical and psychological integrity of Mr. al-Maqaleh. Further concern is expressed that the alleged abduction of Mr. al-Maqaleh is anattempt to prevent in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt reporting in Yemen thus stifling the right to freedom of opinionand expression in the country, particularly given the recent arrest of two journalists, Mr. SalahYahya el-Saqladi and Mr. Anis Mansour. Concerns regarding the incommunicado <strong>de</strong>tention ofMr. el-Saqladi were previously communicated to the government on 25 August 2009 by theWorking Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protectionof the right to freedom of opinion and expression the Special Rapporteur on the situation ofhuman rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or<strong>de</strong>grading treatment or punishment. Information regarding Mr. Mansour was sent to thegovernment on 4 May 2009 by the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rsand the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinionand expression, as well as on 23 July 2009. We regret that no reply has yet been received fromthe government.Urgent appeal2470. On 13 October 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal to the government regarding Ms. Tawakkol Karman and Ms. Lubna Al-Gedsi. Ms.Karman is the director of the non-governmental organization Women Journalists Without Chains(WJWC) and Ms. Al-Gedsi is the coordinator of the organization’s Rights and Freedoms Unit.WJWC works to promote civil rights in Yemen and actively campaigns for freedom of speechand freedom of the press in the country.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 4012471. According to information received, on 6 October 2009, Ms. Karman and Ms. Al-Gedsiwere participating in a peaceful sit-in in Freedom Square in Sana'a when the <strong>de</strong>monstration wasreportedly violently repressed by security agents. Ms. Karman and Ms. Al-Gedsi were bothallegedly physically assaulted and the camera that they were using was broken.2472. It is reported that the purpose of the sit-in was to <strong>de</strong>mand the release of the prominentjournalist Mr. Mohammed al-Maqaleh and the re-opening of the newspaper Al-Ayyam.Concerns regarding the abduction of Mr. al-Maqaleh, as well as the arrest of two journalists, Mr.Salah Yahya el-Saqladi and Mr. Anis Mansour, were the subject of an urgent appeal sent to yourExcellency’s Government on 29 September 2009 by the Working Group on Enforced orInvoluntary Disappearances, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the rightto freedom of opinion and expression, the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, and the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>gradingtreatment or punishment. We regret that no response has yet been received from yourExcellency’s Government.2473. Concern was expressed that the excessive use of force against Ms. Karman and Ms. Al-Gedsi and other peaceful protesters may be linked to their non-violent activities in <strong>de</strong>fense ofhuman rights. Further concern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity of themembers of WJWC, as well as persons who exercise their right to freedom of opinion an<strong>de</strong>xpression in Yemen, particularly journalists.Urgent appeal2474. On 14 October 2009, the Special Rapporteur, sent an urgent appeal to the Governmentregarding Mr. Ali Ahmed Al-Saqqaf, member of the Yemeni Organization for the Defense ofDemocratic Rights and Freedom (YODRFD). YODRFD works to promote and protect the rightsof <strong>de</strong>tainees in Yemen, in particular those connected to the Sa'da conflict.2475. According to information received, on 28 September 2009, Mr. Al-Saqqaf was reportedlyabducted by armed men dressed in civilian clothing while he was entering a pharmacy on Ma'rebStreet in Sana'a. He was reportedly taken away in a mini-bus. His whereabouts are unknown asof today.2476. Concern was expressed that the abduction of Mr. Al-Saqqaf may be related to his humanrights activities. Further concern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity ofMr. Al-Saqqaf.Urgent appeal2477. On 2 December 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression sent an urgentappeal to the Government regarding the threats against and intimidation of Ms Amal Basha,Chairperson of the “Sisters Arab Forum for Human Rights” (SAF). SAF is monitoring anddocumenting cases of torture in Yemen.2478. According to the information received, in the evening of 22 November 2009, the officesof SAF were broken into by unknown individuals and the premises were searched. Although no


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 402documents nor equipment appear to have been stolen, materials in the archives werecompromised and some electronic equipment was damaged.2479. On 20 and 21 November 2009, Ms Amal Basha received a number of anonymousintimidating phone calls. One of the callers alleged that he was calling from the “investigation<strong>de</strong>partment”.2480. On 17 November 2009, the rear brakes of Ms Basha’s car were tampered with.Furthermore, Ms Basha was the subject of a simulated acid attack as she was leaving theCriminal Court, where she had been observing the trial of a political activist.2481. The attacks and acts of intimidation may be a result of the intervention of Ms AmalBasha on 24 September 2009 at the Human Rights Council, during the adoption of the UPRreport on Yemen. SAF also presented a shadow report to the 43rd session of the UN CommitteeAgainst Torture, held on 3-4 November 2009, which had been prepared in collaboration with 13other Yemeni human rights organizations.2482. Concern was expressed that the attacks on, and intimidation of, Ms Amal Basha and thebreaking and entering into the offices of SAF may be in relation with the peaceful activities ofMs Amal Basha and SAF in promoting and protecting human rights, and in particular withmonitoring and documenting cases of torture. Further serious concern was expressed regardingthe physical and psychological integrity of Ms Amal Basha.Observations2483. The Special Rapporteur wishes to express her regret that the Government of Yemen hasnot respon<strong>de</strong>d to any of her communications sent during the reporting period. She consi<strong>de</strong>rsresponse to her communications an important part of the cooperation of Governments with hermandate. She urges the Government to respond to the concerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken, prosecutions as well as protectivemeasures taken. The Special Rapporteur remains <strong>de</strong>eply concerned at the persistent challengesfaced by human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs in Yemen.Urgent appealZimbabwe2484. On 17 December 2008, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur onthe right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mentalhealth, the Special Rapporteur on the right to food and the In<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt Expert on the issue ofhuman rights obligations related to access to safe drinking water and sanitation, sent an urgentappeal concerning alleged violations of the right to the highest attainable standard of healthin Zimbabwe, due to the closing of public hospitals and medical schools <strong>de</strong>spite the spreadof a cholera epi<strong>de</strong>mic throughout the country, the right to food and nutrition, as well asviolations of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly.2485. It is alleged that the cholera epi<strong>de</strong>mic is spreading throughout the state resulting in a dailyincrease in <strong>de</strong>ath tolls. The spread of cholera has been exacerbated by the breakdown of waterand sanitation systems. The reports indicate that there is a lack of access to clean water and that


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 403fresh water is no longer being pumped into urban areas. It is also alleged that sewage systems areblocked or have burst pipes, and uncollected garbage is overflowing into the streets. Furthermore,it is reported that essential medicines are unavailable to treat the acute epi<strong>de</strong>mics. Anti-retroviraltherapy for HIV/AIDS patients and TB treatment for chronically ill patients has also reportedlybeen severely disrupted.2486. According to the information received, due to a lack of medicine, equipment, services,and health staff, public hospitals and clinics have been closed, resulting in the preventable <strong>de</strong>athsof individuals. It is alleged that the only maternity hospital in the capital was closed and patientswith fractures, meningitis and other acute and dangerous conditions are being sent home. Thisreported <strong>de</strong>crease in access to basic health care has meant that, <strong>de</strong>spite the spread of the choleraepi<strong>de</strong>mic, many individuals cannot afford health care because of the high cost of private clinics.2487. It is further alleged that there has been a violent police crack-down on peaceful<strong>de</strong>monstrations relating to the right to health and that medical schools have been closed.Reportedly, riot police forcefully dispersed hundreds of doctors, nurses and other health workerswho peacefully gathered at Parirenyatwa Hospital in Harare, to protest working conditions.2488. It is also alleged that more than five million people are in need of food aid and that 45%of the population is malnourished. Children have been particularly affected by increasing levelsof malnourishment. Hungry people have also allegedly resorted to eating animals and vegetablesthat are unsuitable for human consumption and that are risky for their health. In addition, it isreported that drinking unsafe water ren<strong>de</strong>rs already malnourished people more vulnerable todiseases.Response from the Government2489. In a letter dated 13 March 2009, the Government informed that the health staff ofParirenyatwa hospital sought on 18 November 2008, at about 8.30 a.m., to <strong>de</strong>monstrate or hold apublic procession in contravention of section 25 of the Public Or<strong>de</strong>r and Security Act Chap11:17, which prescribes the manner in which a public <strong>de</strong>monstration can be conducted by anybody of individuals. The organizers of the <strong>de</strong>monstration wanted to hold a procession andpresent a petition to the Minister of Health on the poor conditions at hospitals and nonavailabilityof medicines. These poor conditions and non-availability of medicines can be tracedto the illegal economic sanctions that have been imposed on the country by the West. The<strong>de</strong>monstrators numbered about 500.2490. The police engaged the <strong>de</strong>monstrators’ lea<strong>de</strong>rship and advised them that they werebreaching the law. The police advised the <strong>de</strong>monstrators to select two representatives who couldtake their petition of grievances to the Minister of Health. The <strong>de</strong>monstrators refused theproposal and started chanting and procee<strong>de</strong>d to cut the security fence to create an exit routewhere the police stopped them. They stayed at that point until 11.30 a.m. when they eventuallydispersed of their own accord. No person was reported injured during or after the <strong>de</strong>monstration.The police did not arrest anyone.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 404Letter of allegations2491. On 7 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Rapporteur on thepromotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, sent an urgentappeal concerning the re-arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of Ms Jestina Mukoko, director of the nongovernmentalorganization Zimbabwe Peace Project, Mr Andrisson Manyere, freelancejournalist, and 16 other human rights and political activists. The 18 co-accused were releasedon 2 March 2009, after allegedly being victims of enforced disappearance, torture and other illtreatmentbetween October and December 2008 while in <strong>de</strong>tention.2492. Ms Jestina Mukoko was the subject of an urgent appeal sent on 4 December 2008, by theChairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, Special Rapporteur onthe promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and SpecialRapporteur on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs.2493. According to new information, on 4 May 2009, Ms Jestina Mukoko, Mr AndrissonManyere and 16 other human rights and political activists reportedly appeared in Harare HighCourt.2494. On 5 May, following submissions by the Attorney <strong>General</strong>’s office to have their bailrevoked, Magistrate Chimhanda reportedly ruled to remand in custody the 18 co-accused, oncharges of terrorism and bombings with a view to topple the previous Government.2495. It is reported that Ms Mukoko and at least some others have been released on bail.2496. Serious concern was expressed that the re-arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of Ms Jestina Mukoko, MrAndrisson Manyere and 16 other human rights and political activists might be linked to theirlegitimate work in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights and in the exercise of their right to freedom ofopinion and expression. Further concern was expressed that these new <strong>de</strong>velopments might formpart of a pattern of intimidation and harassment against the 18 co-accused, and more generallyagainst human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs, journalists and political activists in Zimbabwe.Urgent appeal2497. On 15 May 2009, the Special Rapporteur, together with the Chairperson-Rapporteur ofthe Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on the in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce ofjudges and lawyers, sent an urgent appeal regarding the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr AlecMucha<strong>de</strong>hama, a human rights lawyer. Mr Mucha<strong>de</strong>hama has offered legal assistance to severalmembers of the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) and human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs. MrMucha<strong>de</strong>hama was the subject of communications sent by the Special Rapporteur on thein<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nce of judges and lawyers and the then Special Representative of the Secretary-<strong>General</strong> on the situation of human rights <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs on 11 May 2007 and 28 March 2007.Responses to these two communications have not yet been received.2498. According to the information received, on 14 May 2009, Mr Alec Mucha<strong>de</strong>hama wasreportedly arrested at the Rotten Row Magistrates’ Court in Harare by two police officers fromHarare Police Station’s Law and Or<strong>de</strong>r Section. The charges against Mr Mucha<strong>de</strong>hama areunclear.


A/HRC/13/22/Add.1Page 4052499. Concern was expressed that the arrest and <strong>de</strong>tention of Mr Mucha<strong>de</strong>hama might be linkedto his legitimate activities in <strong>de</strong>fence of human rights, in particular the legal assistance he hasprovi<strong>de</strong>d to political activists belonging to the opposition. Further concern was expressed for hisphysical and psychological integrity while in <strong>de</strong>tention.Urgent appeal2500. On 10 November 2009, the Special Rapporteur sent an urgent appeal concerning Ms.Gertru<strong>de</strong> Hambira, the Secretary <strong>General</strong> of the <strong>General</strong> Agricultural and Plantation WorkersUnion of Zimbabwe (GAPWUZ). GAPWUZ actively works to promote and protect the rights offarm workers in Zimbabwe.2501. According to information received, on 3 November 2009, at approximately midnight,three uni<strong>de</strong>ntified armed men reportedly broke into the home of Ms. Hambira in Milton Park,Harare. Ms. Hambira was not at home when the inci<strong>de</strong>nt occurred. Her husband confronted theintru<strong>de</strong>rs who reportedly threatened to shoot him if he called for help and <strong>de</strong>man<strong>de</strong>d to know thewhereabouts of his wife. A single warning shot was fired into the roof of the house. Theintru<strong>de</strong>rs finally left when a security alarm was triggered. Mr. Hambira quickly alerted aneighbour and then called the police. Three mobile phones, some cash and several photographsof Ms. Hambira and her children were allegedly taken in the inci<strong>de</strong>nt.2502. Concern was expressed that the break-in at the home of Ms. Hambira might be directlyrelated to her human rights work, in particular her activities in <strong>de</strong>fense of the rights of farmworkers. Serious concern was expressed for the physical and psychological integrity of Ms.Hambira.Observations2503. The Special Rapporteur thanks the Government for its response, but regrets that at thetime of finalizing the present report, the Government had not transmitted a reply to hercommunications of 10 November 2009, 15 May 2009, 7 May 2009, 10 December 2008, 4December 2008, 27 October 2008, 8 July 2008, 30 June 2008, 23 June 2008, 6 June 2008, 8 May2008, 28 September 2007, 11 May 2007, 28 March 2007, 19 February 2007, 7 February 2007, 5February 2007, 15 September 2006 (twice), 31 July 2006, 15 May 2006, 21 April 2006, 22August 2005, 20 May 2005, 19 April 2005, 15 February 2005, 29 September 2004 and 13January 2004. She consi<strong>de</strong>rs response to her communications an important part of thecooperation of Governments with her mandate. She urges the Government to respond to theconcerns raised by her, and provi<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>tailed information regarding investigations un<strong>de</strong>rtaken toprosecute the perpetrators as well as protective measures taken to ensure the physical and mentalintegrity of <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>rs and their families.2504. The Special Rapporteur remains concerned about continuous reports of illegitimaterestrictions to the exercise of the rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly. Shehopes that the Government will respond favourably to her follow-up request of 21 January 2010to visit the country (NB: previous requests are dated 1 July 2002, 20 January 2004 and 5November 2008).

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